Thunder and lightning may become connected in the mind because they often occur together. This is an example of which of the following?
A.
Law of similarity
B.
Law of conditioning
C.
Law of stimuli
D.
Law of continuity

Everyone has a different reaction time because not everyone reacts the same to situations. Some people may be faster or slower than others. It could be a result of age, health,  and how they take care of themselves physically.

Gender, age, physical fitness, level of exhaustion, distraction, alcohol usage, personality type, the limb utilized for the test, biological rhythm, health, and whether the stimulus is auditory or visual have all been found to have an impact on reaction time. Social and cultural factors on reaction time are irrelevant.

A reaction is a deliberate, free response to an outside stimulus. The reaction time is the amount of time between the administration of an external stimulus and the appropriate motor response.

The period between the introduction of the stimulus and the emergence of the subject's proper voluntary response is referred to as the reaction time.

Typically, it is measured in milliseconds. It depicts the rate at which stimuli operate on a person's sensory system to produce neurophysiological, cognitive, and informational processes.

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Final answer:

The statement is true, as pus is composed of dead neutrophils, dead tissue, bacteria, and living white blood cells. It reflects the immune system's response to infection, with pus indicating an accumulation of these elements at the site of infection.

Explanation:

The statement "Pus is a mixture of dead neutrophils, dead tissue, bacteria, and living white blood cells" is true. Pus is indeed an accumulation of these components. When neutrophils, which are a type of leukocyte, respond to an infection, they engulf pathogens in a process called phagocytosis. The dead neutrophils, along with any other cellular debris, dead pathogens, and living immune cells, such as macrophages still fighting the infection, aggregate to form pus at the infection site.

This purulent or suppurative discharge is a typical sign of the body's defensive responses engaging with the invading microorganisms. While small amounts of pus can indicate a healthy immune response, in history, there were attempts to produce pus artificially under the misguided notion that it could aid in healing. We now know that inducing pus does not promote recovery and that a natural immune response is best in fighting infections.

Answer:

A=16.6 repeating

explanation:

take 100/6 and solve just make sure your equation is set up correctly!

and you should get an answer of 16.6 repeating or 166 m/hour or 16.6 meters/per/hour

If a cheetah ran 100 meters in 6 seconds, then the average speed of the cheetah would be 16.67 meters per second.

The total distance covered by any object per unit of time is known as speed. It depends only on the magnitude of the moving object.

As given in the problem a cheetah ran 100 meters in 6 seconds , then we have to find the average speed of the cheetah,

The distance traveled by the cheetah = 100 meters

The time is taken by the Cheetah to cover the distance = 6 seconds

The average speed of the cheetah = 100 / 6

                                                          = 16.67 meters per second

Thus, If a cheetah ran 100 meters in 6 seconds, then the average speed of the cheetah would be 16.67 meters per second.

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The electrical energy consumed by a toaster is 0.033 Kwh.

Explanation:

The power utilized by the toaster is 400 W.

[tex]\text { The power utilized by the toaster is } 400 \mathrm{W} \text { in kilo-watts is } \frac{400}{1000}=0.4 \mathrm{Kw}[/tex]

The toaster is operated for 5 Minutes.

[tex]\text { The toaster is operated for } 5 \text { Minutes in hours is } \frac{5}{60}=0.083 \text { hours. (One minute is } 60 \text { seconds) }[/tex]

We know that,

[tex]\text {power}=\frac{\text {energy}}{\text {time}}[/tex]

Substitute the values in the above formula to obtain electrical energy,

[tex]0.4=\frac{\text { energy }}{0.083}[/tex]

Electrical energy = 0.4 × 0.083

Electrical energy is 0.033 Kwh.

Answer:

The answer is 120,000 Joules

Explanation:

Answer:

1.14 meters

Explanation:

You have already learned that work and energy have same units i.e. Joule (J).

If the object has travelled some distance (upwards) then there must be some potential difference (increased potential energy).

Thus the energy needed to lift the ball can be found by this formula:

E

p

=  

m

⋅

g

⋅

h

Where  

E

p

means potential energy needed (or simply work done). m stands for mass, g for gravitational energy, and h for the height reached.

Now we know the energy(2 J), the mass (0.18 kg), and gravitational energy (9.8 m/s^2). Putting into the formula we get:

2

=

0.18

⋅

9.8

⋅

h

2

0.18

⋅

9.8

=

h

2

1.76

=

h

1.14

=

h

Finally,

height reached above the ground = 1.14 m

Answer:

A) being influenced by equal amounts of gravity and air resistance.

Explanation:

B) slowing down because of an unbalanced force of air resistance.

False - if it was slowing down, then the velocity would go down.

D) on the ground and is not falling anymore.

False - This would be mistaken as the answer but it is not because if the person is not falling anymore the horizontal line should be at the x-axis, meaning that there is no more velocity.

C) accelerating because of an unbalanced force of gravity.

False - The line would otherwise be going up or down.

The shape of the graph of the magnitude of the acceleration versus time for a falling skydiver initially increases and then decreases towards zero as the skydiver reaches terminal velocity. The graph of the magnitude of the velocity versus time initially increases and then reaches a plateau at terminal velocity. The graph of the magnitude of the displacement versus time initially increases and then levels off as the skydiver experiences constant displacement.

In the case of a skydiver, the shape of the graph of the magnitude of the acceleration versus time will initially be positive and then decrease towards zero as the skydiver reaches terminal velocity. This is because the skydiver is initially accelerating due to the unbalanced force of gravity, but as they approach terminal velocity, the force of air resistance opposes the force of gravity and causes the acceleration to decrease.

Similarly, the shape of the graph of the magnitude of the velocity versus time for a falling skydiver will initially be positive and then reach a plateau at terminal velocity.

Lastly, the shape of the graph of the magnitude of the displacement versus time for a falling skydiver will initially be positive and then level off as the skydiver reaches terminal velocity and experiences constant displacement.

Answer:

26i-28j

Explanation:

Mathematically, rate of change of something with respect to another is obtained through the operation called differentiation. Integration is the reverse process of differentiation.

We know that force is the rate of change of momentum.

that is,

F=[tex]\frac{dP}{dt}[/tex]

where,

P=momentum

t=time

dP=small change in momentum

dt=small change in time

dP=Fdt  (multiplying both sides with dt)

To get change of momentum within a particular time interval, we have to integrate the above expression giving the necessary limits according to the problem.

Here, we have to calculate the change in momentum between 1.0s and 2.0s. So, the limit of integration is 1.0 to 2.0.

Thus,

[tex]\int\limits^P_p {} \, dP[/tex]=[tex]\int\limits^2_1 {F} \, dt[/tex]

where,

p=momentum at t=1s

P=momentum at t=2s

substituting F in the above equation,

[tex]\int\limits^P_p {} \, dP[/tex]=[tex]\int\limits^2_1 {26i-12jt^{2}} \, dt[/tex]

[tex]\int\limits^P_p {} \, dP[/tex] = P-p = Change in momentum between 1.0s and 2.0s

[tex]\int\limits^2_1 {26i-12jt^{2}} \, dt[/tex] = [tex]\int\limits^2_1 {26i} \, dt - \int\limits^2_1 {12t^{2}j } \, dt[/tex] (Since we can integrate each term of an expression separately)

[tex]\int\limits^2_1 {26i} \, dt - \int\limits^2_1 {12t^{2}j } \, dt[/tex] = [tex]26i(2-1) - 12j(\frac{2^{3} -1^{3} }{3} )[/tex]

=26i-28j

therefore the change in momentum between 1.0s and 2.0s is 26i-28j.

Note: the answer we got is a vector. Because momentum is a vector and therefore change in momentum is also a vector

To find the change in momentum of a particle under the force F=26i-12t2j from 1.0s to 2.0s, we first integrate the force over the given time interval. The change in the particle's momentum is found to be 26i - 20/3j kg*m/s.

The question involves calculating the change in momentum of a particle when a force F=26i-12t2j is applied from 1.0s to 2.0s. To find the change in momentum, we first need to integrate the force over the given time interval, because the change in momentum (Δp) is equal to the integral of the force over time, according to the impulse-momentum theorem, Δp = ∫t1t2 F dt.

For the i-component, the force is constant (26i), so its contribution to the change in momentum from 1.0s to 2.0s is simply 26i N multiplied by the time interval, which is 26i N * (2.0s - 1.0s) = 26i kg*m/s. For the j-component, the force varies with time (-12t2j), so we need to integrate this force from 1.0s to 2.0s. The integral of -12t2 from 1 to 2 gives us -∫12 12t2 dt = -[4t3/3]12 = -8 + 4/3 = -24/3 + 4/3 = -20/3. Thus, the change in momentum in the j-direction is -20/3 j kg*m/s.

Combining the i and j components, the total change in the particle's momentum between 1.0s and 2.0s is 26i - 20/3j kg*m/s.

To determine the type of circuit by only viewing the lights, one can observe the behavior when a light is manipulated; all lights going out suggests a series circuit, while others staying lit indicates a parallel circuit. Brightness changes with the addition or removal of lights also help identify the circuit type.

If you could only see the lights in a circuit and the wires were concealed, determining if the lights are arranged in a series or parallel circuit could be inferred by observing the behavior of the lights when one is manipulated. For example, if one light goes out and the others remain lit, it suggests a parallel circuit, as each light has its own path to the power source. However, if one light goes out and the rest do as well, this indicates a series circuit, where all lights are in a single path and the current must flow through each light consecutively.

Another method to determine the circuit type is by observing brightness changes when more lights are added or removed. In a series circuit, adding more lights would generally cause all lights to dim since the same current flows through each component and the total resistance increases. In contrast, in a parallel circuit, adding or removing lights would not change the brightness of the other lights, as each has an independent connection to the power source and their voltages remain constant.

The volume of the gas does not change

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we can apply the ideal gas equation, which states that:

[tex]\frac{pV}{T}=const.[/tex]

where

p is the pressure of the gas

V is its volume

T is its absolute temperature

The equation can also be written as

[tex]\frac{p_1 V_1}{T_1}=\frac{p_2 V_2}{T_2}[/tex]

where in this problem we have:

[tex]p_1[/tex] is the initial pressure of the gas

[tex]V_1[/tex] is the initial volume

[tex]T_1[/tex] is the initial temperature

[tex]p_2 = 2 p_1[/tex] is the final pressure (twice the initial pressure)

[tex]V_2[/tex] is the final volume

[tex]T_2 = 2T_1[/tex] is the final temperature (twice the initial temperature)

Solving for V2, we find what happens to the volume of the gas:

[tex]V_2 = \frac{p_1 V_1 T_2}{p_2 T_1}=\frac{p_1 V_1 (2T_1)}{(2p_1) T_1}=V_1[/tex]

Therefore, the volume of the gas does not change.

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Answer:

It's actually air

Explanation:

The best thermal insulator will be A) Air

Thermal insulator is the process of insulating against transmission of heat .

Air is the best thermal insulator if the distance between the molecule is greater because air has gaseous  state , it is even harder for the heat to transfer through the material . Air is good insulator   because its spread out molecular structure resists heat transfer .

correct option is a) Air

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Answer:

71 % of the earth's surface is covered in water

Answer:

71%

Explanation:

Answer:2.5

Explanation:

Answer:#1 NEWTON’S THREE LAWS OF MOTION LAID THE FOUNDATION OF CLASSICAL MECHANICS    #2 HE WAS THE FIRST TO FORMULATE THE NOTION OF GRAVITY AS A UNIVERSAL FORCE

#3 NEWTON’S PRINCIPIA IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT WORKS IN THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE

#4 HE DISCOVERED THE GENERALISED BINOMIAL THEOREM IN 1665

#5 ISAAC NEWTON INVENTED CALCULUS

#6 HE INVENTED THE FIRST REFLECTING TELESCOPE

#7 HE DID GROUND BREAKING WORK IN OPTICS

#8 HE IDENTIFIED LIGHT AS THE SOURCE OF COLOUR SENSATION

#9 HE INFERRED CORRECTLY THE OBLATENESS OF EARTH’S SPHEROIDAL FIGURE

#10 SIR ISAAC NEWTON WAS THE SECOND SCIENTIST TO BE KNIGHTED

Answer:

Invented the reflecting telescope.

Proposed new theory of light and color.

Discovered calculus.

Developed three laws of motion.

Devised law of universal gravitation.

Advanced early modern chemistry.

Explanation:

Sir Isaac Newton had many great accomplishments. Here are some of his most notable achievements:

1. Newton's Three Laws of Motion: Newton formulated three fundamental laws that laid the foundation of classical mechanics. These laws describe how objects move and interact with each other. They are still widely used today to understand and predict the motion of objects.

2. Formulation of Gravity: Newton was the first to formulate the notion of gravity as a universal force. He explained that every object with mass attracts other objects towards it. His understanding of gravity helped explain why objects fall to the ground and why planets orbit the Sun.

3. Principia: Newton's book called "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy" (commonly known as "Principia") is one of the most important works in the history of science. In this book, Newton presented his laws of motion and the law of universal gravitation. It revolutionized the field of physics and became the foundation for classical mechanics.

4. Generalized Binomial Theorem: In 1665, Newton discovered the generalized binomial theorem, which is a mathematical formula used to expand powers of binomials (expressions with two terms). This theorem is still studied and applied in various branches of mathematics.

5. Invention of Calculus: Newton independently developed calculus, a branch of mathematics that deals with rates of change and the accumulation of quantities. Calculus is widely used in many fields, including physics and engineering, and it provides a powerful tool for solving problems involving change and motion.

6. Invention of the Reflecting Telescope: Newton constructed the first reflecting telescope, which used mirrors instead of lenses to gather and focus light. This invention greatly improved the quality and clarity of images observed through telescopes and had a significant impact on the field of astronomy.

7. Groundbreaking Work in Optics: Newton conducted groundbreaking experiments and made important discoveries in the field of optics. He demonstrated that white light is composed of different colors, which led to the understanding of the color spectrum. His work on optics laid the foundation for future developments in this field.

8. Identification of Light as the Source of Color Sensation: Newton proposed that light is the source of color sensation. He demonstrated that the colors we perceive are a result of how light interacts with objects and our eyes. This understanding of light and color perception has had lasting effects in fields like art and design.

9. Inference of Earth's Oblateness: Newton correctly inferred that the Earth is not a perfect sphere but rather oblate, meaning it is slightly flattened at the poles and bulges at the equator. His understanding of the Earth's shape was based on his knowledge of gravity and the forces acting on the planet.

10. Knighthood: Newton was knighted by Queen Anne in 1705, becoming the second scientist to receive this honor. His contributions to science and mathematics were recognized and celebrated during his lifetime.

Answer:

a) 20 m/s

b) No

Explanation:

a)

Mr. G needs to run x= 200 m in t = 10 seconds to catch the bus.

Knowing the speed is computed as

[tex]\displaystyle v=\frac{x}{t}[/tex]

We have

[tex]\displaystyle v=\frac{200m}{10s}=20m/s[/tex]

b)

The fastest human can run 12 m/s, so Mr. G won't be able to catch the bus because he needs to run faster than that

Final answer:

Mr.G needs to run at 20 meters per second to catch the bus, but since the fastest human can run only at 12 meters per second, it is impossible for Mr.G to catch the bus on time.

Explanation:

To solve for how fast Mr.G needs to run to catch the bus on time, we need to find his required speed. Speed is calculated by dividing the distance by the time. Since Mr.G is 200 meters away from the bus and he has 10 seconds to reach it, his required speed is 20 meters per second (200m / 10s = 20m/s).

Regarding whether Mr.G can catch the bus, considering the fastest human can run at a speed of 12 meters per second, it is unfortunately impossible for Mr.G to catch the bus. The required speed to catch the bus is 20m/s, which exceeds the maximum human running speed.

The efficiency of the machine is 0.53 (53%).

Explanation:

The efficiency of a machine is given by:

[tex]\eta = \frac{W_{out}}{W_{in}}[/tex]

where

[tex]W_{out}[/tex] is the output work

[tex]W_{in}[/tex] is the work in input

The output work is:

[tex]W_{out}=F_L d_L = (2000)(2)=4000 J[/tex]

where

[tex]F_L = 2000 N[/tex] is the load

[tex]d_L = 2 m[/tex] is the distance covered by the load

The input work is:

[tex]W_{in}=F_E d_E = (1250)(6)=7500 J[/tex]

where

[tex]F_E = 1250 N[/tex] is the effort force

[tex]d_E = 6 m[/tex] is the distance from the effort to the pivot

Solving for the efficiency,

[tex]\eta=\frac{4000}{7500}=0.53[/tex]

So, the efficiency of the machine is 0.53 (53%).

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Answer:

because mass of a matter never changes

on the other hand the weight of a matter changes due to gravity

for example the

on the moon the pull of gravity is less than it is on earth so the Weight of an object will be less on the moon but the mass of it will stay the same

Explanation:

I

Mass is more fundamental than weight because mass is a consistent measure of the quantity of matter, whereas weight is the gravity-dependent force acting on an object and can vary. The confusion between these terms occurs often in everyday language, especially since they are used interchangeably.

Physicists say that mass is more fundamental than weight because mass is an intrinsic property of an object that represents the quantity of matter, which does not vary in classical physics. Conversely, weight is the gravitational force acting on an object, which can vary depending on the location and gravity. Therefore, mass is a more consistent and universal characteristic of matter than weight, which can differ even on Earth depending on elevation or geographic location.

The confusion between mass and weight arises as the terms are used interchangeably in everyday language. For instance, our medical records may show our weight in kilograms, which is actually a unit of mass, instead of the correct unit of newtons, which is used to measure gravitational force. This interchangeability of terms has led to a common misunderstanding of these distinct physical quantities.

The relationship between mass and weight becomes particularly evident in space.

Answer:

"Galloping Gertie" is an appropriate nickname for the bridge​ Tacoma Narrows.

Explanation:

The Tacoma Narrows Bridge is slender, elegent and graceful bridge is stretched like a steel ribbon across Puget Sound in 1940.

When Galloping Gertie splashed into Puget Sound, it created ripple effects across the nation and around the world. The event changed forever how engineers design suspension bridges.

Tacoma Narrows Bridge The original bridge received its nickname "Galloping Gertie" because of the vertical movement of the deck observed by construction workers during windy conditions.

Final answer:

The nickname 'Galloping Gertie' is appropriate for the bridge because it refers to the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, which famously collapsed due to strong winds.

Explanation:

The nickname 'Galloping Gertie' is appropriate for the bridge because it refers to the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, which famously collapsed due to strong winds. When the bridge experienced wind-induced vibrations, it appeared to be galloping like a horse, hence the nickname. The collapse of Galloping Gertie serves as an important lesson in engineering and the need for understanding the effects of forces on structures.

“The mechanical energy is conserved" in the given system is true out of all given options.

Answer: Option 2

Explanation:

According to law of conservation of energy, the energy will neither be created nor be destroyed, irrespective of the type of energy. As in the present case, the ball is bowled and it is travelling to ground, so the mechanical energy is working in this case. Thus the mechanical energy will be conserved. Even it can be shown as follows.

As the 2 kg ball is travelling with a speed of 7 m/s, the kinetic energy exhibited by the ball while falling to ground will be

           [tex]\text {Kinetic energy}=\frac{1}{2} \times \text { mass of the ball } \times\left(\text { speed of the ball) }^{2}\right.[/tex]

Thus, applying given values, we get,

           [tex]\text {Kinetic energy exhibited by the ball}=\frac{1}{2} \times 2 \times 7 \times 7=49 \mathrm{J}[/tex]

Similarly, as the ball is 2.5 m above ground, the potential energy will also be exhibited by the ball at that position. So the potential energy will be

           [tex]\text {Potential energy}=\text {Mass} \times \text {acceleration} \times \text {height}[/tex]

Thus,

           [tex]\text { Potential energy exhibited by the ball }=2 \times 9.8 \times 2.5=49 \mathrm{J}[/tex]

Thus as the magnitude of kinetic energy is equal to the magnitude of potential energy exhibited by the ball with varying direction, the net energy will be zero. This is because the kinetic energy will be acting in opposite direction to the potential energy exhibited by the ball. Hence as the net energy is zero, the mechanical energy is conserved.

Answer:

Fuerza de roce = 15 N

Hacia la izquierda

Explanation:

Las leyes de Newton explican el comportamiento de cuerpos bajo efectos de fuerzas externas. La primera ley especifica que un cuerpo no cambiará su estado de movimiento mientras una fuerza desequilibrante no lo acelere. Es decir, un cuerpo que se mueve a velocidad constante, tiene cero fuerza desequilibrante.

Como el cuerpo se está moviendo a velocidad constante, no hay aceleración y por lo tanto la fuerza total es cero.

Dado que estamos aplicando una fuerza horizontal de 15N y aún así el cuerpo se mueve a velocidad constante, significa que esa fuerza está siendo contrarrestada por la fuerza de roce hasta producir un equilibro de fuerzas y por lo tanto, cero fuerza desequilibrante.

La fuerza de roce es entonces, en módulo igual a la fuerza aplicada, es decir, 15 N

Su dirección siempre es opuesta al movimiento, así que la fuerza de roce se dirige hacia la izquierda

Explanation:

Let east represent X axis and north represent Y axis.

We need to find what displacement would put the ball in the hole in one putt.

The first putt displaces the ball 6.50 m east

First displacement = 6.50 i m

The second putt displaces it 5.90 m south

Second displacement = -5.90 j m

Total displacement = 6.50 i - 5.90 j

[tex]\texttt{Magnitude = }\sqrt{6.50^2+(-5.90)^2}=8.78m\\\\\texttt{Direction = }tan^{-1}\left ( \frac{-5.9}{6.5}\right )=-42.23^0[/tex]

So displacement to hole from initial position is 8.78 m at direction 42.23° south of east.

Answer:

11.48 m

Explanation:

initial velocity (u) = 15 m/s

acceleration due to gravity (g) = 9.8 m/s

final velocity (v) = 0 ( the ball's speed reduces gradually when thrown until    

                                   becomes 0 at maximum height)

find the height reached.

          we cannot apply this formula directly because we do no know the time        

          (t), so we first need to find the time

       0 = 15 + (-9.8 x t)   (the negative sign is because the ball is decelerating

         upwards)

         15 = 9.8t

         t = 1.53 s

       height (s) = (15 x 1.53)  + (0.5 x (-9.8) x 1.53^{2})

       height = 22.95 - 11.47 = 11.48 m

Answer:electric field

Explanation:Because in an electric field, positive charge is directed away and negative charge is directed towards the electric field.

Answer:

an electric field

Explanation:

this field is what is direted to a negative charge

given,

constant velocity = 9.50 m/s

acceleration = 0

distance = 16 m

the time of flight

 s = so + ut + 1/2at²

16 = 9.50 × t

t = 1.68 s

a) to catch the can the truck he must throw it  straight up, at 0° to the vertical.

b) now,

yf = Yi + UyT + 1/2at²

0 = 0 + Uy * 1.68 - 1/2 * 9.8 * 1.68²

Uy = 8.23 m/s

Answer:

The minimum angle of incidence is, ∅  = 56° 18' 35'' to the normal

Explanation:

Given data,

The distance between the two plane mirror, d = 5 cm

The length of the plane mirror, L = 30 cm

According to the laws of reflection, the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

If the laser beam touches each mirror only twice, then the base of the triangle formed is not less than L/2.

Let ∅ be the angle of incidence to the normal. The normal divides the triangle into two equal halves where base becomes L/4.

Therefore,

                        tan ∅ = opp / adj

                                  = (L/4) / d

                                   = (30/4) / 5

                        tan ∅  = 1.5

                               ∅  = tan ⁻¹ (1.5)

                                    = 56° 18' 35''

Hence, the minimum angle of incidence is, ∅  = 56° 18' 35'' to the normal.

Answer:

Mean: 114.8

Median: 112

Explanation:

The mean is the average of the numbers so you add them all together and divide by the number of terms. The median is the middle value when the terms are in order from least to greatest.

Answer:

Mean of the sample set = 114.8  

Median of the sample set = 112

Explanation:

To calculate mean, add value of all samples and then divide with number of samples.

Mean of the sample set = (100+103+112+120+139)/5 = 114.8

To calculated median, arrange the values in ascending order then take the value which is at middle.

100, 103, 112, 120, 139

“112” is at the middle so,

Median of the sample set = 112  

Answer:

Resistance is the opposition that a substance offers to the flow of electric current

Explanation:

resistance is the opposition and Resistivity is a measure of the resistance of a given size of a specific material to electrical conduction.

Final answer:

Resistance is the opposition to electric current flow in materials, measured in ohms, while resistivity is a fundamental property of the material itself, indicating how much it resists electric current flow.

Explanation:

Understanding Resistance and Resistivity in Physics

Resistance is a measure of the difficulty in passing an electric current through a wire or component. It has units of ohms and is calculated by the formula V = IR, where V is voltage, I is current, and R is resistance. Resistivity, represented by the symbol p, is a material property that quantifies how strongly a material opposes the flow of electric current. The resistance R of a cylindrical object like a wire can be calculated using the formula R = pL/A, where L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.

The key difference between resistance and resistivity is that resistivity is an intrinsic property of a material, which means it does not change regardless of the shape or size of the material. In contrast, resistance is an extrinsic property that depends on both the material's resistivity and the physical dimensions of the object. Materials can generally be categorized into conductors, semiconductors, and insulators, based on their resistivity values.

1) Work done by the force: 8.3 J

2) Work done by gravity: -19.6 J

3) Normal force: 16.3 N

Explanation:

1)

The work done by a force pushing an object is given by

[tex]W=Fd cos \alpha[/tex]

where

F is the magnitude of the force

d is the displacement of the object

[tex]\alpha[/tex] is the angle between the direction of the force and of the displacement

First of all, we need to find the magnitude of the force F. Since the block is moving vertically at constant velocity (= zero acceleration), the equation of motion of the block along the vertical direction is:

[tex]F sin \theta - \mu N - mg = 0[/tex] (1)

Where

[tex]\theta=27.0^{\circ}[/tex]

[tex]\mu N[/tex] is the force of friction, where

[tex]\mu=0.40[/tex] is the coefficient of friction

N is the normal reaction of the wall

(mg) is the weight of the block, where

m =2.0 kg is the mass of the block

[tex]g=9.81 m/s^2[/tex] is the acceleration of gravity

Along the horizontal direction, the equation of motion is:

[tex]F cos \theta = N[/tex] (2)

Substituting (2) into (1),

[tex]F sin \theta - \mu F cos \theta - mg =0[/tex]

And solving for F,

[tex]F(sin \theta - \mu cos \theta) = mg\\F=\frac{mg}{sin \theta - \mu cos \theta}=\frac{(2.0)(9.81)}{sin 27^{\circ} - 0.40 cos 27^{\circ}}=18.3 N[/tex]

Now we can calculate the work done by the force. Here we have

d = 1.0 m is the displacement

[tex]\alpha = 90^{\circ} - 27^{\circ} = 63^{\circ}[/tex] is the angle between the direction of the force and the displacement

Substituting,

[tex]W=(18.3)(1.0)(cos 63^{\circ})=8.3 J[/tex]

2)

The work done by gravity is equal to:

[tex]W_g = mg d cos \alpha[/tex]

where

m = 2.0 kg is the mass of the block

[tex]g=9.81 m/s^2[/tex]

d = 1.0 m is the displacement

[tex]\alpha=180^{\circ}[/tex], since the direction of gravity is downward while the displacement of the block is upward

Substituting,

[tex]W=(2.0)(9.81)(1.0)(cos 180^{\circ})=-19.6 J[/tex]

3)

Equation (2) found in part 1) tells that

[tex]N=F cos \theta[/tex]

which means that the normal force between the wall and the block is equal to the horizontal component of the pushing force on the block.

Here we have:

F = 18.3 N is the magnitude of the pushing force

[tex]\theta=27.0^{\circ}[/tex] is the angle of the force with the horizontal

Substituting, we find the normal force:

[tex]N=(18.3)(cos 27^{\circ})=16.3 N[/tex]

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The work done by the force on the block is 22.3 J. The work done by gravity is 19.6 J and the normal force between the block and the wall is 18.1 N.

Firstly, we need to calculate the force that is applied (Force Applied) by taking the cosine of the angle (27.0◦) which is the force applied horizontally. Using the formula F_applied = m*g/cos(θ), where m=2.0 kg and g=9.81 m/s^2, we find that Force Applied = 22.3 N.

Next, the work done by the force on the block (Work Done) can be calculated by multiplying the Force Applied by the distance it moved (Force Applied x distance). Here, Work Done = 22.3 N x 1.0 m = 22.3 J.

The work done by gravity is obtained by multiplying the weight of the block by the distance it moves vertically (Work Done by Gravity). Here, Work done by Gravity = m*g*d = 2.0 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * 1.0m = 19.6 J.

Finally, we calculate the magnitude of the normal force by multiplying the weight of the block by the cosine of the angle (m*g*cos(θ)) which equals to Normal Force = 2.0 kg * 9.81 m/s^2 * cos(27.0◦) = 18.1 N.

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The actual velocity of the wind is 2 m/s due west.

To find the actual velocity of the wind, we need to consider the velocities of both the cyclist and the man running.

Let's assume the cyclist's velocity is Vc = 4 m/s due west.

The man's velocity is Vm = 2 m/s due west.

Since the wind appears to blow from the south to the man running, the wind's velocity is equal to the difference between the velocities of the cyclist and the man running.

Therefore, the actual velocity of the wind is Vw = Vc - Vm = 4 m/s - 2 m/s = 2 m/s due west.

The motorbike reaches 100 km/h in 3.5 seconds

Explanation:

The motion of the motorbike is a uniformly accelerated motion (= constant acceleration), therefore we can use the following suvat equation:

[tex]v=u+at[/tex]

where

v is the final velocity

u is the initial velocity

a is the acceleration

t is the time

For the motorbike in this problem,

u = 0 (it starts from rest)

[tex]v = 100 km/h = 27.8 m/s[/tex] is the final velocity

[tex]a=7.9 m/s^2[/tex] is the acceleration

Solving for t, we find the time it takes for the bike to reach that velocity:

[tex]t=\frac{v-u}{a}=\frac{27.8-0}{7.9}=3.5 s[/tex]

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150 g

From the question;

It means the mass is 15 cm from the pivot

Therefore;

Assuming the mass of half meter rule is m

Then;

m × 5 cm = 50 g × 15 cm

m = 150 g

Therefore;

Mass of the  half meter rule is 150 g

The mass of the half meter ruler is 150g