Unions and union members were often accused of being _____.

Answer:

d

Explanation:

Answer: The correct answer is Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette.

Explanation:

Gilbert du Motier was a French aristocrat and Major General for the US military forces, as well as Lieutenant General in France. He participated in the American Revolutionary War (1775- 1783) and in two of the biggest revolutionary events in French history: the French Revolution (1789) and the July Revolution (1830). Lafayette traveled to the US and took active participation in its revolutionary movement since he believed in the American cause and also was looking forward to seeking glory and pride for him.

more open government and restructuring of the economy

Answer:

NGOs are also referred to as civil society organizations. According to the United Nations, NGOs are independent from government control, unaffiliated with any particular political party, nonprofit, and noncriminal. Over 12,000 NGOs are registered with the UN. There are also tens of thousands unregistered NGOs. Well-known NGOs in the US include the Red Cross, Doctors Without Borders, Oxfam America, Save the Children, and World Vision.

Explanation:

the sample answer for edg 2021

Final answer:

Rosa Parks' refusal to give up her seat on a Montgomery bus and her subsequent arrest on December 1, 1955, sparked the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a central event in the Civil Rights Movement led by figures such as Martin Luther King Jr. and supported by organizations like the Women's Political Council. The effective 381-day boycott led to the desegregation of the city's bus system, highlighting the impact of community activism.

Explanation:

On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks made a pivotal stand against segregation by refusing to give her seat to a White man on a Montgomery bus. Her arrest catalyzed the Montgomery Bus Boycott, a watershed moment in the Civil Rights Movement. Leaders like Martin Luther King Jr., E.D. Nixon, and Jo Ann Robinson played crucial roles in organizing community response, which included a prolonged boycott of the bus system by African American patrons. Notably, the Women's Political Council and the newly formed Montgomery Improvement Association were instrumental in coordinating and sustaining the boycott, creating significant economic pressure on the transit system.

The arrest of Rosa Parks was not the first instance of defiance against Montgomery's segregated buses, as others like Claudette Colvin had previously been arrested for similar actions. However, Parks was a highly regarded figure in the community and an active member of the NAACP, making her case a galvanizing force. Rosa Parks' nonviolent protest and the subsequent 381-day boycott ultimately led to the desegregation of the Montgomery bus system, marking a significant triumph for community activism and giving rise to national figures in the fight for civil rights.

The second alternative is correct (B).

An economic crisis may give some signs. The stagnation of the economy and the decline in the value of money are some of these signs. They mean that economic activity is stagnant and that people are not buying and companies are not investing. The bankruptcy of individuals and legal entities happens when the crisis is already installed.

However, raising taxes is not a sign of crisis. It may even mean otherwise. The tax increase is a fiscal policy that can have several reasons, including trying to cool the economy when it is overheated.

Sample response:  As a member of the Russian nobility, I have access to many different kinds of food and other goods. I am also very rich and live a life of power and privilege. My family owns large areas of farmland that are tended by peasants. I am very happy with my current situation, and I hope things never change.

Farms and railways sliced away the open range, forcing cattle ranchers to purchase private property on which to maintain their cattle.

Thus, cowboys in the West had to deal with the very circumstances that are now referred to as creating the "tragedy of the commons." The tragedy happens when unrestricted access to a shared resource results in overuse and is most frequently used to explain environmental difficulties. Due to the fact that each property owner benefits from and faces the consequences of his or her actions, pushing them to take responsibility, private property resolves the tragedy.

Cattlemen created range and roundup groups to carry out the task as they were refused land ownership as a solution to their common property issues. In addition to writing and enforcing regulations that considerably reduced expenses and eliminated most of the issues that arise from being unable to exclude others, these groups arranged collaboration on the roundups.

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Lenin felt he needed to adapt Marxist ideas to fit Russian circumstances because Russia did not fit the model for revolution that Marx had conceived. Russia was predominantly agrarian with a diverse ethnic makeup, unlike the industrial, homogeneous society Marx envisioned. So, Lenin developed the concept of the vanguard party and the two-stage theory of revolution, both specific adaptations to Russian conditions.

Vladimir Lenin was faced with a very specific set of circumstances in Russia when he sought to apply Marxist theory. Marxism, as outlined by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, was centered predominantly around industrial societies with a strong, urban proletariat. However, Russia, during Lenin's time, was still predominantly agrarian and feudal with a small, fledgling industrial sector.

Furthermore, Russia was made up of a number of different ethnic groups, with varying degrees of national consciousness and varying degrees of economic development. This was considerably different from the more homogeneous societies of Western Europe that Marx had envisaged as the breeding ground for revolution.

As a result, Lenin felt the need to adapt the ideas of Marx to fit Russian conditions. He developed the concept of the vanguard party, a group of professional revolutionaries dedicated to leading the proletariat in revolution. Additionally, he believed in a two-stage theory of revolution, believing that Russia first needed to pass through a bourgeois revolution to capitalism before it could move towards communism. This idea deviated significantly from Marx's original theory and can be considered an example of how Lenin adapted Marxism to fit Russian conditions.

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Answer:

2. poor sanitation

3. overcrowding in cities

4. long work hours

5. low wages

Explanation:

All of these were elements that were present in society during the Industrial Revolution. During these years, industry developed in many cities. The availability of jobs led people to move from rural to urban places. This led to the overcrowding of cities, as well as poor sanitation. However, when people arrived to the cities, they often struggled to find work. Even when they did, they worked long hours and received very low wages.

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "B". President Woodrow Wilson´s peace plan was called the "Fourteen Points".

Explanation:

On January 8, 1918, President Woodrow Wilson delivered a speech consisting of fourteen points before a Congress meeting. Several of these points addressed specific territorial issues in Europe. Other points refer to US diplomacy after the war and the ideals for US foreign policy. In this intervention Wilson described his vision of a stable and lasting peace in Europe, the Americas and the rest of the world after the First World War.

Wilson's proposal included the requirement that allied countries that were victorious establish terms of peace with countries defeated during the World War. These peace intentions should refer to the freedom of the seas, the restoration of the territories conquered during the war and the right to national self-determination.

The negative effects of World War I evidently showed the relationship between international stability and American national security.

Answer:

a side effect of a good or service generating benefits or costs to someone who doesn’t decide how much to produce or consume

Explanation:

Externality is a microeconomic concept that aims to explain the positive or negative impact that an economic activity has on third parties. If by exercising an economic activity, a company indirectly benefits society or community, the externality is positive. If economic activity negatively impacts the surrounding community, externality is said to be negative. For example, the pollution that an industry emits in the production process has deleterious effects throughout society, being a negative externality. Likewise, a truck causes potholes in the road, this is a negative externality, since all citizens' taxes, including most non-truckers, will be used to restore potholes in the roadway.

The imbalance of trade that occurred in the year after 1810 in the U.S. was as a result of the foreign trade that was severely disrupted by Jefferson’s trade embargo, the British blockade during the 1812 War and consequent non-importation measures. The disruptions barred foreign manufactured goods from getting to the U.S. markets that gave protection to nascent domestic industries from import competition. This gave rise to the establishment of new manufacturing firms while existing domestic producers rapidly expanded output to replace previously imported goods.

Final answer:

The Roaring Twenties in the United States was a period characterized by significant division, as rapid social, economic, and religious changes led to a clash between traditional and modernist values. Increased urbanization, industrialization, and immigration heightened tensions, while cultural shifts towards consumption and leisure further separated traditionalists from modern urbanites. The era was marked by both prosperity and conflict, as America grappled with its identity in the face of rapid change.

Explanation:

The Roaring Twenties was a period of significant social, economic, and religious division in the United States, marked by a clash between modernist and traditional values. Socially and economically, the decade was characterized by rapid urbanization, industrialization, and a booming economy, leading to a more materialistic society focused on consumption and leisure. However, this prosperity was not universal, as rural Americans and those holding traditional values often found themselves at odds with the changing societal norms. The rise of nativism reflected these tensions, as increased immigration from eastern and southern Europe led to anxiety and racial animosity among native-born Americans of northern European descent. Economically, the era saw a division between those who benefited from the booming consumer economy and those left behind. The religious landscape was also divided, with the onset of the Scopes trial highlighting the conflict between traditional Christian beliefs and new scientific theories.

The declaration of rights and grievances drawn up by the first Continental Congress denounced the Intolerable Acts.

The Intolerable Acts were punitive laws that the British Parliament passed in 1774 following the Boston Tea Party. Such laws were intended to punish the Massachusetts colonists for their defiance in the Tea Party protest as response to changes in taxation by the British to the detriment of colonial goods.

During The Reign of Terror of The French Revolution he was one of the 12 members of the Committee of Public Safety. That committee ran the government. All members were equal. He was more equal. He also decided which people would lose their heads. Finally the assembly lost patience with that committee and cut off his head. Another group took over the government. They proved incompetent and Napoleon took over.

During Robespierre's rule, the government policy was marked by the Reign of Terror, while after his fall, the policy shifted towards stability and moderation.

During the rule of Robespierre, the government policy in France was characterized by the Reign of Terror. Robespierre and his Committee of Public Safety implemented measures to suppress opposition, leading to mass executions and a climate of fear. However, after Robespierre's fall from power, the government policy shifted towards more stability and moderation.

Under the rule of the Directory, the government aimed to restore order and rebuild the country after the chaos of the revolution. They implemented economic reforms, such as stabilizing the currency and promoting trade, as well as political measures to reduce radicalism and establish a more balanced system of governance.

In contrast to the rule of Robespierre, the post-Robespierre government policy was characterized by a more pragmatic and moderate approach, focusing on stability and rebuilding.

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Not all religions share the same set of beliefs, but in one form or another, religion is found in all known human societies. Even the earliest societies on record show clear traces of religious symbols and ceremonies. Throughout history, religion has continued to be a central part of societies and human experience, shaping how individuals react to the environments in which they live. Since religion is such an important part of societies around the world, sociologists are very interested in studying it.

Sociologists study religion as both a belief system and a social institution. As a belief system, religion shapes what people think and how they see the world. As a social institution, religion is a pattern of social action organized around the beliefs and practices that people develop to answer questions about the meaning of existence. As an institution, religion persists over time and has an organizational structure into which members are socialized.

In studying religion from a sociological perspective, it is not important what one believes about religion. What is important is the ability to examine religion objectively in its social and cultural context. Sociologists are interested in several questions about religion:

Sociologists also study religiosity of individuals, groups, and societies. Religiosity is the intensity and consistency of practice of a person’s (or group’s) faith. Sociologists measure religiosity by asking people about their religious beliefs, their membership in religious organizations, and attendance at religious services.

Modern academic sociology began with the study of religion in Emile Durkheim’s 1897 The Study of Suicide in which he explored the differing suicide rates among Protestants and Catholics. Following Durkheim, Karl Marx and Max Weber also looked at religion’s role and influence in other social institutions such as economics and politics.

Sociologists must research a culture's religion in order to comprehend it. Religion can be used as a lens through which to see various social problems and cultural aspects.

Ideal religion fulfils a variety of purposes. It imparts meaning and purpose to life, upholds social cohesion and stability, acts as a social control mechanism, fosters psychological and physical wellbeing, and may inspire individuals to work for social change for the better.

The social elements that both contribute to and are affected by education are the main focus of educational sociology.

It covers research on aspects of schooling like gender, social class, race, and ethnicity, as well as rural versus urban domicile.

Therefore, Sociologists must research a culture's religion in order to comprehend it. Religion can be used as a lens through which to see various social problems and cultural aspects.

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Answer:

1- The correct answer is D. Today, Latin is used to describe many scientific and legal terms because it spread across Europe and became the common language of the educated during Renaissance.

2- The correct answer is D. In Rome, women and slaves were not allowed to have jobs outside the home.

3- The correct answer is C. Both slaves and women could not participate in the Assembly.

Explanation:

1- In the 14th century, in Italy, a cultural movement that favored a renewed interest in ancient Latin emerged: Humanism. Already started by Petrarca, its greatest exponents were Poggio Bracciolini, Lorenzo Valla, Marsilio Ficino and Coluccio Salutati. Here, the classical language began to be the subject of profound studies that marked the birth, in fact, of classical philology.

In the Modern Age, Latin was still used as the language of culture and science, but it was gradually replaced by local languages. In Latin wrote, for example, Nicolaus Copernicus and Isaac Newton. Galileo was among the first scientists to write in a language other than Latin (in Italian, around 1600), and Oersted was the last to write in Latin, in the first half of the nineteenth century.

2- Slaves, who had no legal capacity, were part of the house as property. Women, in turn, could be citizens, but their work was carried out within the home, in the raising of children.

3- The slaves were the absolute property of their owner. They lacked of the rights to have legal personality, property, and even their own family. The Roman slave had no right to marriage, to kinship - he could not exercise paternity or motherhood - nor to property. In turn, women who were born free were citizens, although they could not vote or hold public office.