Explanation:
Data structure is a way of gathering and organizing the data in such a way that we can perform operation on the data very efficiently.There are different types of data structures such as :-
ArraysLinked listStacksQueuesTreesGraphsThese are the basic data structures.
Algorithm:-It is a finite set of instructions written to accomplish a certain task.An algorithm's performance is measured on the basis of two properties:-
Time complexity.Space complexity.Software developers need to know data structures and algorithms because all the computers rely on data structures and algorithms so if you know data structures and algorithms better you will know the computer better.
_______For the C programming language, files containing the code you write are named with a file extension of .g. (T/F)
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
In C programming language the file which containing the code that we are writing the code is have the file extension .c and for c++ it is .cpp. C programming language is a general purpose procedural computer programming language.
.g file extension is for data chart file format used by APPLAUSE database development software.
Hence the answer to this question is false.
. Convert your age into binary and then to hexadecimal. Show your work.
Explanation:
Age = 23.
To convert a base 10 number to hexadecimal number we have to repeatedly divide the decimal number by 16 until it becomes zero and store the remainder in the reverse direction of obtaining them.
23/16=1 remainder = 5
1/16=0 remainder = 1
Now writing the remainders in reverse direction that is 15.
My age in hexadecimal number is (15)₁₆.
Broadly speaking, how is testing in an object-oriented approach different to testing in traditional software development?
Answer:
In object oriented programming methodology, the attention is that capture the main structure and conduct of data frameworks into little modules that joins the two information and procedure.
The main principle of Object Oriented Design (OOD) is that it helps in improve the quality and efficiency of framework analysis and configuration by make the system more progressively usable.
The software Programming testing is a significant period of the product advancement cycle of the life. Testing is the way toward executing the main structure of the program with the help of main objective and also discovering mistakes.
In today world the situation of the object oriented ideas are utilized all through programming designing. Testing of item arranged programming is unique in relation to testing with the traditional programming.
Which of the following declares an abstract method in an abstract C++ class? (Points : 2) public: void print();
public: void print() {}
public: virtual void print() {}
public: virtual void print()=0;
Answer:
public: virtual void print()=0;
Explanation:
An abstract class contains a pure virtual function. Pure virtual class cannot be instantiated but it can be subclassed and the subclass can provide an implementation of the function.
A virtual function declaration in the class is preceded by the virtual keyword. For example, virtual void print();
A pure virtual function declaration is followed by '=0;'
public: virtual void print()=0;
For a class Foo, one difference between a variable declared Foo * and a variable declared Foo & is that only the variable declared Foo & can potentially have the value NULL.
Select one:
a. FALSE
b. TRUE
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
When we declare a variable as reference type we have to initialize that variable otherwise the compiler will give error that the reference variable is not initialized.You also cannot initialize the variable Foo& with NULL value because it is a reference variable and we have to initialize it.
On the other there is no need to initialize the variable Foo * since it is a pointer it can also store NULL value.
So the answer is only Foo* can store NULL value not Foo &.
what would you consider the most effective perimeter and network defense methods available to safeguard network assets?
Answer: There are several methods that are used for maintenance of safety and defensing the network against any type of hacking or attacking.Some of the methods are mentioned as follows:-
Denial of service attack(Dos)-it is the type of service that does not let the unauthorized sources and users to use the resources of the service.Intrusion detection system(IDS)-it is the system that is used for the detection of any unauthorized access happening in the system.It detects the accessing on the basis of host and networkFirewall-is the system for the security of network for controlling the traffic that enters and exits a networks and maintains barriers by blocking untrusted traffic.
Some companies, especially consulting firms, require their employees to create ____ about sessions with clients.
timesheets
reports
logs
stories
Answer: Reports
Explanation:
Some companies always ask to the employees to create the particular report for the session with their clients.
As, the report is the main communication channel between the company employees and clients where all the information are complied together and focus for transmitting the data clearly.
Efficient reports are basically help in the decision making and problem with sufficient knowledge.
On the other hand, all the other options are not needed for session with the clients in the organization. Therefore, report is the correct option.
Wi-Fi is all around us. Is there any downside to its pervasiveness?
Answer:
Wi-Fi(Wireless fidelity) is the networking technology that helps in providing the internet connectivity to the users. The Wi-Fi is all around the surrounding due to several Wi-Fi connections the users demand and use. It creates the networking environment where internet access becomes easy.
There are drawback to Wi-Fi service range that covers a large area is the high number of users.The addition of many users slow down the data rate and accessing .The radiation from this service is also a negative side of the Wi-Fi pervasiveness.
Final answer:
The downsides to the pervasiveness of Wi-Fi include the digital divide, security risks, and the psychological impact of being constantly connected. To mitigate these issues, digital literacy, cybersecurity, and healthy digital habits are crucial.
Explanation:
Wi-Fi's pervasiveness indeed comes with downsides alongside the immense benefits it provides in terms of connectivity and access to information. One major concern is the digital divide, a gap that is widening between those who have access to technology and those who do not, both locally and globally. This phenomenon can lead to disparities in access to information and inequalities in educational and economic opportunities.
Another significant concern is security risks. With Wi-Fi networks, there is the potential for eavesdropping and unauthorized access to communications, raising issues of privacy and data protection. As we further integrate Wi-Fi and other wireless technologies into critical infrastructure and personal devices, the risk for systemic failures and technological vulnerabilities increases, which could have severe consequences in the event of natural disasters or targeted attacks.
Flash memory is:
a) a semiconductor
b) a type of ROM
c) non-volatile
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
Answer:
d) all of the above.
Explanation:
Flash Memory is a memory storage that is non volatile.It can be erased electrically and reprogrammed since it is a type of ROM(Read Only Memory).It is the least expensive form of semiconductor memory.It offers lower power consumption and can be erased in large blocks.
Hence the answer to this question is option d.
Standards are used when an organization has selected a solution to fulfill a policy goal.
True
False
Answer: True
Explanation:
Yes, the given statement is true that the standard are basically used when the organization are selected for the solution to fulfilling the particular policy goals. In the organization are standard are basically require for the software and hardware solutions to control the security risk.
Adopting standard in the organization it provide many advantages like it helps to save money and productivity of the organization or company.
Standard are basically establish a common throughput in the organization which provide all the department in the organization on the same level.
Left uncaught, a thrown exception will cause your program to terminate.
Select one:
a. FALSE
b. TRUE
Answer: True
Explanation:
Yes, the given statement is true that the left uncaught, the throwing exceptions caused stop execution or terminate the program. The uncaught exception is basically refers that the compiler control the termination function in the program.
Left Uncaught exception basically cause termination of the program and also implement the interface in the uncaught exception handler in the particular java thread.
Write two cin statements to get input values into birthMonth and birthYear. Then write a statement to output the month, a dash, and the year. End with newline. The program will be tested with inputs 1 2000, and then with inputs 5 1950. Ex: If the input is 1 2000, the output is: 1-2000 Note: The input values come from user input, so be sure to use cin statements, as in cin >> birthMonth, to get those input values (and don't assign values directly as in birthMonth
Answer:
// here is code in c++.
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// main function
int main() {
// variables to read birth month and year
int birthMonth,birthYear;
cout<<"Enter the birth month:";
// read the birth month
cin>>birthMonth;
cout<<"Enter the birth Year:";
// read the birth year
cin>>birthYear;
// print the output
cout<<birthMonth<<"-"<<birthYear<<endl;
return 0;
}
Explanation:
Declare two variables "birthMonth" and "birthYear". Read the value of birthMonth and birthYear from user. Then print the birth month and birth year and a dash(-) in between them.
Output:
Enter the birth month:1
Enter the birth Year:2000
1-2000
Enter the birth month:5
Enter the birth Year:1950
5-1950
The program is an illustration of a sequential program, and it does not require loops, iterations or conditions.
The programming statements in C++, where comments are used to explain each line is as follows:
//This gets input for birthMonth
cin>>birthMonth;
//This gets input for birthYear
cin>>birthYear;
// This prints the month, a dash, and the year
cout<<birthMonth<<"-"<<birthYear;
Read more about similar programs at:
https://brainly.com/question/15187402
The value of the mathematical constant e can be expressed as an infinite series: e=1+1/1!+1/2!+1/3!+... Write a program that approximates e by computing the value of 1+1/1!+1/2!+1/3!+...+1/n! where n is an integer entered by the user.
Answer:
// here is code in c++ to find the approx value of "e".
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
// function to find factorial of a number
double fact(int n){
double f =1.0;
// if n=0 then return 1
if(n==0)
return 1;
for(int a=1;a<=n;++a)
f = f *a;
// return the factorial of number
return f;
}
// driver function
int main()
{
// variable
int n;
double sum=0;
cout<<"enter n:";
// read the value of n
cin>>n;
// Calculate the sum of the series
for (int x = 0; x <= n; x++)
{
sum += 1.0/fact(x);
}
// print the approx value of "e"
cout<<"Approx Value of e is: "<<sum<<endl;
return 0;
}
Explanation:
Read the value of "n" from user. Declare and initialize variable "sum" to store the sum of series.Create a function to Calculate the factorial of a given number. Calculate the sum of all the term of the series 1+1/1!+1/2!.....+1/n!.This will be the approx value of "e".
Output:
enter n:12
Approx Value of e is: 2.71828
Euler's number, e, can be approximated using a series expansion. The provided C program calculates e by summing the series up to 1/n! where n is entered by the user.
Euler's number, e, is a mathematical constant approximately equal to 2.71828. It can be computed using the series expansion:
e = 1 + 1/1! + 1/2! + 1/3! + ... + 1/n!Below is a C program that approximates e by computing the sum up to 1/n! where n is an integer entered by the user.
#include <stdio.h>Once the destination has been reached the network makes a connection at what layer to connect for transfer or data?
a) network b) data link c) physical d) transport
Answer: (C) Physical
Explanation:
When the destination are selected by the network then, it makes the connection for transferring the data packets by using physical layer.
As, the physical layer is basically responsible for transmitting the data and reception of the data between the physical medium and device.
The physical layer basically provide the electrical interface during the transmission of data. The physical layer in the network basically provide the hardware elements like cable, ethernet and repeaters.
What is a URI (include example)
Answer:
URI is the uniform resource identifier and it is basically a sequence of the character which identify the physical and logical resources. The uniform resource identifier basically contain the predefined set of rules and syntax and also maintain the extensibility hierarchical schema.
There are basically two types of URI that are:
1) Uniform Resource Name (URN)
2) Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
For example: HTTP protocol , file transfer protocol (FTP).
Defining a(n) ______________ of an object is called instantiation.
(Points : 2) object
link
instance
prototype
Answer: Instance
Explanation: Instantiation is the creation of the instance for any particular object in the field of object-oriented programming concept. The previously defined objects are realized in a program.This object that gets created in the class is provided with the name and placed in the memory.
They have their certain methods, process and properties on which they access.Other options are incorrect because instantiate object does not gets created from the link, object or prototype.Thus, the correct option is instance.
In what respects does a UML state diagram differ from a state transition diagram?
Answer: The difference between the UML state diagram and state transition diagram are as follow:-
State-transition diagrams display the states of the object where the change takes place whereas the UML(Unified modeling language) state diagrams are representation of parts of system at certain time instance. State-transition diagram requires the condition to be accomplished before the transition happens whereas the dynamic behavior of the states are expressed by transitions in UML state diagrams.Continuous reboots of a Windows host upon encountering a persistent stop error might be caused by Startup and Recovery configuration settings in the Control Panel System applet (System -> Advanced system settings -> Advanced -> Startup and Recovery -> Settings... -> System failure).
(A) True
(B) False
Answer:
True.
Explanation:
Sometimes there comes a problem in computer systems of continuous reboots of a windows this could due to following reasons such as software issues,bad power supply,bad hard drive,hardware issues.
If the issue is from startup and recovery configuration or software you can see it by going in the Control Panel System applet given in the question.
how can i take out a random (double) number in between 5.0 to 15.0 in c++?
Answer:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
srand(time(0));
for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
{
double f = (double)rand() / RAND_MAX;//generating random numbers.
double a= 5.0 + f * (15.0 - 5.0);//random numbers in range provided.
cout<<a<<" ";
}
return 0;
}
Explanation:
The above program generate five random numbers in the range 5.0 to 15.0.The function rand() is used to generate random numbers.First we have to call srand(time(0)) otherwise the rand() function will generate same random numbers over and over every time.
. Write an if/else statement that assign "Excellent" to variable comments (a string data type) when score is 90 or higher, "Good" when score is between 80 and 89, and "Try Harder" when score is less than 80.
Answer:
Following are the program in c++
if(score>= 90)
// check if score 90 or higher
{
comments = "Excellent"; // initialize comments to excellent
}
else if(score<90 && score >= 80)
// check if when score is between 80 and 89
{
comments = "Good"; //initialize comments to good
}
else
//when score is less than 80.
{
comments = "Try Harder"; //initialize comments to try harder
}
Explanation:
Following are the program in c++ language
#include<iostream> // header file
using namespace std; // namespace
int main() // main function
{
string comments; // variable
int score; // variable declaration
cout<<" enter score ";
cin>>score;
if(score>= 90)
{
comments = "Excellent"; // initialize comments to execellent
}
else if(score<90 && score >= 80)
{
comments = "Good"; //initialize comments to good
}
else
{
comments = "Try Harder"; //initialize comments to try harder
}
cout<<comments;
return(0);
}
Output:
enter score
45
Try Harder
In this we check the condition
if score>= 90 then it store the Excellent in variable comments of type string
if(score<90 && score >= 80)
it store the Good in variable comments of type string.
otherwise it store harder in variable comments of type string.
__________________ are evaluations of a network
Answer:
The evaluation of the network is basically depend upon the various factors such as the stage, type and size of the network development. The main purpose for the evaluation of the network is that the system works with high efficiency without any interruption in the network.
According to the size and the type of the network we can easily evaluate the particular network in the system and then we can easily work on the network infrastructure to make the network more efficient.
The World Wide Web (not the Internet) went live in this decade:
Select one:
a. 1960s
b. 1970s
c. 1980s
d. 1990s
Answer:
d. 1990s
Explanation:
The World Wide Web is a kind of friendly information system that uses hypertext, and since its creation has made Internet available for most people.
The Internet already existed quite before the World Wide Web: the first computer network was ARPANET (created in 1969), a project of the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the United States Department of Defense.
Further developments in computers' protocols (ways in which computers communicate with each other) resulted in a network of networks, or the Internet, in 1983.
Although the World Wide Web was a proposal first published on March 12, 1989, by Tim Berners-Lee of the European Nuclear Research Center (CERN) --this is why it is considered that the World Wide Web was created in 1989-- the idea came into life at the end of the year 1990, for the following reasons:
After that proposal of 1989, Berners-Lee wrote another on May 1990, and in September 1990 he received support to develop those ideas.Some of the essential technologies needed to create the World Wide Web were already available by October 1990, that is, the HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), the HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) and the URI (Universal Resource Identifier), all considered been developed by Berners-Lee.On November 12, 1990, with the Belgian engineer Robert Cailliau, who was working in similar ideas, wrote a more formal proposal of such a system to share information across the CERN where they mentioned: "build a Hypertext project called WorldWideWeb" [Wikipedia, 2019].Well, by the end of December 1990, in a NeXT computer, and after the creation of the first web server and the first web page browser, the first web site, running at CERN, appeared on December 20, 1990.
This idea was rapidly adopted outside the CERN in 1991 and, by the end of the 1990s, more than 130 million people could access the Internet using the World Wide Web technology.
In conclusion, the World Wide Web went live in the decade of 1990s: was a project, a proposal by the end of 1989 and started to work as a fast-adopted technology at the beginning, and throughout, the 1990s.
Answer:
b
Explanation:
What are three key characteristics of an OS process?
Answer:
The three key charactertics of the operating system process is that:
The process of the operating system is the instance of the program that can be executed and run.The operating system process is represented by the code and program. It is also indicated by the parameters that it is also allow in the situation if any interruption occur. In the case of the Linux operating system the process is also used to indicate as task in the system.What is a relational database management system and how does it relate to a database administrator?
Answer: A database management system tends to support administration, development, and use of the platforms. A Relation Database Management System (RDBMS) is referred to as a type of Database Management System (DBMS) that consists of a structure(row-based table) that tends to connect data elements and also involve functions that are supposed to maintain accuracy, security, consistency and integrity of the data.
If (41)r = (21)10, determine the value of the radix r.
Answer:
r=5.
Explanation:
Since we know we can convert a a number with any base to base ten(10) by multiplying the corresponding powers of the base.Stating form the LSB(Least Significant Bit) and with the power 0 and the power will increase by 1 as we move to MSB(Most Significant Bit).
[tex]4*r^1+1*r^0 = 21[/tex]
[tex]4r = 21 -1[/tex]
[tex]4r=20[/tex]
[tex]r=5[/tex]
Enumerations can contain ___________ values.
a.only unique
b.an indefinite number of
c.up to 10
d.up to 100
Answer: (A) Only unique
Explanation:
Enumeration basically contain only unique value as enumeration is define as the set of the numeric values that is finite and it is represent specifically by the identifiers which is known as the enumeration constant.
It only work with the finite values and also hide all the un-relevant and unnecessary information from the programmers. Enumeration is the type of the data type variable which contain only previous declared values.
Write an application that calculates and displays the weekly salary for an employee. The main() method prompts the user for an hourly pay rate, regular hours, and overtime hours. Create a separate method to calculate overtime pay, which is regular hours times the pay rate plus overtime hours times 1.5 times the pay rate; return the result to the main() method to be displayed. Save the program as Salary.java.
Answer:
// import package
import java.util.*;
// class definition
class Salary
{
// method to calculate weekly salary
public static double fun(int p_rate,int r_hour,int o_hour)
{
// calculate weekly salary
double w_salary=(p_rate*r_hour)+(o_hour*p_rate*1.5);
// return salary
return w_salary;
}
// main method of the class
public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception
{
try{
// object to read value from user
Scanner scr=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("enter hourly pay rate: ");
// read hourly pay rate
int p_rate=scr.nextInt();
System.out.print("enter regular hours: ");
//read regular hours
int r_hour=scr.nextInt();
System.out.print("enter overtime hours : ");
// read overtime hours
int o_hour=scr.nextInt();
// call the method
System.out.println("weekly salary of an employee :"+fun(p_rate,r_hour,o_hour));
}catch(Exception ex){
return;}
}
}
Explanation:
Read hourly pay rate, regular hours and overtime hours from user.Call the method sal() with these parameters.There weekly salary is calculated by multiply regular hours with p_rate and overtime hours with 1.5 time of p_rate.Sum both of them, this will be the weekly salary.return this to main method and print it.
Output:
enter hourly pay rate: 50
enter regular hours: 35
enter overtime hours : 15
weekly salary of an employee :2875.0
The `Salary` application prompts the user for hourly pay rate, regular hours, and overtime hours, then calculates and displays the weekly salary using a separate method to calculate overtime pay.
Here's the Java program `Salary.java` that calculates and displays the weekly salary for an employee:
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Salary {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
// Prompt the user for input
System.out.print("Enter hourly pay rate: ");
double hourlyPayRate = scanner.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter regular hours: ");
double regularHours = scanner.nextDouble();
System.out.print("Enter overtime hours: ");
double overtimeHours = scanner.nextDouble();
// Calculate and display the weekly salary
double weeklySalary = calculateWeeklySalary(hourlyPayRate, regularHours, overtimeHours);
System.out.println("Weekly salary: $" + weeklySalary);
scanner.close();
}
// Method to calculate overtime pay
public static double calculateWeeklySalary(double hourlyPayRate, double regularHours, double overtimeHours) {
double regularPay = regularHours * hourlyPayRate;
double overtimePay = overtimeHours * hourlyPayRate * 1.5;
return regularPay + overtimePay;
}
}
Explanation:
The `main` method prompts the user for input: hourly pay rate, regular hours, and overtime hours.It then calls the `calculateWeeklySalary` method to calculate the weekly salary based on the provided inputs.The `calculateWeeklySalary` method calculates the regular pay and overtime pay separately, then returns the total weekly salary.Finally, the main method displays the calculated weekly salary.You can compile and run this program to calculate and display the weekly salary for an employee based on the provided hourly pay rate, regular hours, and overtime hours.
Social engineering is deceiving or using people to get around security controls.
True
False
Answer: True
Explanation:
Social engineering, in regards to information security, it is referred to as the cognitive manipulation of an individual into divulging confidential data and information. This also tends to differs from social engineering within discipline and domain of social sciences, which usually does not concern with the divulging of confidential data and information.
Answer: FALSE
Explanation:
What is the efficiency (Big O Notation) of quicksort algorithm?
Answer:
O(NlogN)
Explanation:
The time complexity of quick sort in worst case is O(N²) but the average case time complexity of quick sort is O(NLogN).The efficiency of quick sort totally depends upon the pivot.If the pivot is the smallest or the largest element in the array every time then the time complexity of quick sort algorithm will come out to be O(N²).
Why does software have bugs?
Answer:
Human errors, changing requirements, complicated software, etc.
Explanation:
A bug in software is a coding error. The effects are often unexpected and affect the way a programme works, often resulting in the programme not functioning in the way it was intended. There are various reasons that bugs can exist in software, including (but not limited to) the following:
Human errors in programming and design is the most common reason for bugs. This could be as a result of time pressure, simple mistakes, or any other human related issue.Changing requirements, or even just misunderstandings between the parties involved, can often be a cause of bugs.Complicated software can often result in programmers making errors.Lack of documentation or updates being made by different programmers using different tools.Final answer:
Software has bugs due to the complex nature of writing and integrating numerous lines of code, and the limitations of computer calculations. These bugs provide opportunities for learning and improving through good programming practices and debugging strategies. Quality assurance plays a key role in identifying potential bugs, helping to create more reliable software.
Explanation:
Software bugs are a common occurrence and they stem from a variety of sources. Writing software is a complex process, involving numerous lines of code, and the interaction between these lines can sometimes produce unexpected results, known as bugs. Consider bugs as an opportunity for growth; they provide a chance to learn and improve the software. Quality Assurance (QA) teams are essential in this process, constantly trying to break the software to identify potential issues. Good programming practices and debugging are critical in making the software more reliable. However, due to the complexity of software and limitations such as the accuracy of floating-point calculations, it's hard to eliminate all bugs.
It is important to proactively think about errors during development by asking, "What could go wrong here?" Moreover, implementing unit testing, which involves testing small, isolated parts of the program, helps identify and fix bugs early on. Nevertheless, as programs grow in size and complexity, the likelihood of bugs increases, making the debugging process more challenging.
Simplifying the program can sometimes be the best strategy when faced with a complex bug situation. It allows the developer to strip down to the basics and tackle issues one at a time. Remember, bugs are inevitable, but with careful testing and professional practices, their impact can be minimized, maintaining the credibility of software output.