Answer:
(1) the reproduction of an entire unicellular organism,
(2) the growth and repair of tissues in multicellular animals,
(3) the formation of gametes (eggs and sperm) for sexual reproduction in multicellular animals.
Explanation:
10 POINTS
______ are easier to work with than reality and can be manipulated.
A. Computers
B. Experiments
C. Observations
D. Models
Hi friend. Here is your answer:
A.Computers
Hope it helps you! :)
Which of these best represents a fatty-acid molecule?
Answer:
its answer A
Explanation:
A fatty acid molecule is a long chain of hydrocarbons with a carboxyl group. They can be saturated (single bonds only, 'saturated' with hydrogen) or unsaturated (contains at least one double bond). These fatty acids form a key part of fat molecules like triglycerides, bonding with glycerol through an ester bond.
Explanation:A fatty acid molecule is best represented as a molecule that consists of a long chain of hydrocarbons to which a carboxyl group is attached. This long hydrocarbon chain ranges from 4-36 carbons, with 12-18 carbons being the most common. The fatty acid is hydrophobic due to its long hydrocarbon chain. There are two types of fatty acids, saturated fatty acids that contain only single bonds and have the greatest number of hydrogen atoms possible, making them 'saturated' with hydrogen; and unsaturated fatty acids that have at least one double bond and therefore fewer hydrogen atoms.
Fatty acids are a crucial part of a fat molecule, such as a triglyceride, which additionally consists of glycerol. Here, the fatty acids are bonded to the glycerol molecule's carbons via an ester bond through an oxygen atom, releasing three water molecules during this bond formation.
A common example of a fatty acid is palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid derived from the palm tree. Another example is alpha-linolenic acid which is an omega-3 fatty acid that possesses three cis double bonds and a curved shape.
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________ waves need to interact with particles of either a solid, liquid, or gas to travel.
Mechanical waves waves need to interact with particles of either a solid, liquid, or gas to travel.
Explanation:
In the world, the dispersal of energy is under the control of two important waves called electromagnetic waves and mechanical waves. Waves in water and sound waves in air are two instances of mechanical waves. Mechanical waves are brought about by an unsettling influence or vibration in particles of either a solid, liquid, or gas to travel.
Water waves are formed by vibrations in a fluid and sound waves are shaped by vibrations in a gas (air). These mechanical waves travel through a medium by making the atoms to interact with one another.
I'm pretty sure it's Sound waves.
Explanation: I know this is most likely for a DBA and for science notes.
What are the 3 different shapes, or structures, or carbon base molecules?
The three different shapes of carbon-based molecules are linear chains, cyclic structures, and combinations of both, with geometry influenced by types of carbon-to-carbon bonds and molecular arrangement.
Explanation:The three different shapes or structures of carbon-based molecules are linear chains, cyclic (ring) structures, and combinations of both. These structures can be seen in various hydrocarbon compounds. For instance, methane (CH4) has a tetrahedral geometry with four hydrogen atoms equidistant from one another, creating a three-dimensional structure critical for the molecule's function. When it comes to the types of carbon-to-carbon bonds, single bonds allow rotation along the bond axis, leading to flexible structures; double bonds result in a planar configuration (as in ethene), and triple bonds create a linear configuration (as in ethyne).
Additionally, the carbon atoms in diamond form a three-dimensional network with each carbon atom connected to four others in a tetrahedral structure. In graphite, carbon atoms form layers of hexagonally connected sheets, with each layer having weak interactions with adjacent layers. Different molecular geometries such as linear, bent, trigonal pyramidal, trigonal planar, and T-shaped also affect molecular shape, as seen with various molecules and polyatomic ions comprising a central atom bonded to two or three other atoms.
I need help with the independent variables. (This isn't biology, but they didn't have a normal science category.)
Explanation:
The independent variable is the variable in the experiment that is deliberately changed.
1. The independent variable is the use of a calculator- Some used calculators, others didn't. This variable will affect the results. For example, it would be expected that the students who used calculators would perform better.
2.The independent variable is the age of the students.
3.The independent variable is the use of vocabulary flash cards.
what organelle pacakage and distributes secretions?
Answer:
the golgi apparatus
Explanation:
What is true about the lagging strand during DNA replication?
A.
It is synthesized before the leading strand.
B.
It has the same sequence as the leading strand.
C.
It is synthesized in the 5′ to 3′ direction.
D.
It contains Okazaki fragments.
It is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction.
Answer:
D. It contains Okazaki fragments.
Explanation:
DNA polymerase only synthesizes a new DNA strand in the 5 ’→ 3’ direction. On the one hand, the new tape can be made continuously, from the outside to the inside (from the open end to the bottom of the fork), on the other side the synthesis must be done from the inside to the outside. That is why the tape made in this way is called discontinuous tape or lagging atrand.
This lagging strand is initially formed by fragments of DNA, known as Okazaki fragments. Every time a sufficiently long stretch of single stranded DNA is available, the synthesis of a new Okazaki fragment begins, from the inside of the fork to the outside.
Krypton is named after the Greek word that means “secret.” Which explains why krypton was most likely given this name? Krypton is a halogen, so it is a secret element because it is always part of a compound and is difficult to find by itself. Krypton is a halogen, so it should be kept secret because it is so reactive and toxic. Krypton is a noble gas, so it was difficult for chemists to find it, as though it was a secret. Krypton is a noble gas, so it secretly bonds with every type of element without showing it.
Answer:
Krypton is a noble gas, so it was difficult for chemists to find it, as though it was a secret
Explanation:
Krypton is a noble gas and this demand it has full orbital electron shells (2.8.18.8 or [Ar].3d¹⁰.4s².4p⁶). They, therefore, do not have an affinity for gaining or losing an electron hence rarely react with other elements. They were therefore hard to discover by early chemists because there were no known compounds of this gas and other noble gases. This is why the name ‘hidden’.
Answer:
Explanation:
on edgenuty its c
"Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that _____
Answer:
Energy cannot be destroyed or created, it is instead transferred.
"Conservation of energy" refers to the fact that energy can neither be created nor destroyed.
What does that mean?This means that energy is always renewing itself.This means that energy is inexhaustible.The principle of conservation of energy is present in Newton's first law and refers to the fact that energy, as a generalized concept, cannot be completely depleted, cannot be created from anything, but is in a constant process of renewal and transformation.
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Irrigation at night using recycled water and drip sprinkler irrigation are ways not to conserve water t or f
The statement 'Irrigation at night using recycled water and drip sprinkler irrigation are ways not to conserve water' is b. false.
Both irrigation at night using recycled water and drip sprinkler irrigation are methods that conserve water.
Drip irrigation is a highly efficient method of delivering water directly to the crop roots, hence minimizing water wastage through evaporation and runoff.
This practice is extensively used in places like Israel, which are known for their advanced water conservation techniques. Recycled water, often referred to as grey water, is treated wastewater that can be reused for agricultural purposes.
Irrigating at night significantly reduces the amount of water lost to evaporation compared to daytime irrigation. As a result, more water reaches the plants, further enhancing efficiency.
Complete question:
Irrigation at night, using recycled water, and drip sprinkler irrigation are ways not to conserve water
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
a. T
b. F
Changing the number of
_would change an atom into an atom of a different element.
Answer: protons
Explanation:
Changing the number of protons would change it into an atom of a different element.
Hello! Your answer is protons.
There are three main parts of any atom. The proton, neutron, and electron. The proton and neutron form the center of the atom, or the nucleus, while the electrons float around them.
The protons determine the element. The number of protons is the atom's atomic number. For example, if there were 6 protons, the element would be the one with an atomic number of 6, or carbon. If there was just one, it would be hydrogen as that has an atomic number of 1.
When you change the number of neutrons, you get isotopes. This changes the atomic mass, as neutrons' main impact is mass. This also can mainly change stability. When you change the number of electrons, you change the charge of an atom. Electrons' main purpose is to bond + charge the atom. Electrons don't weigh much, they barely weigh anything. They instead give a negative charge to an atom (while the proton gives a positive)
Hope this helps!
Question 1
In a research study of medication, group A is given medication and group B is given a sugar pill. Which type of group is B?
experimental group
control group
Explanation:
group b. is called the control group. it is important to compare the 2 groups for any similarities. this determines if the medications in group a are working like intended. to keep track of side effects w/group a..
Final answer:
In the described medication study, group B is given a sugar pill and serves as the control group. This group sets a baseline for comparison against the effects of the medication provided to the experimental group.
Explanation:
In a research study of medication where group A is given the actual medication and group B is given a sugar pill (placebo), group B would be classified as the control group. The control group receives a placebo to set a baseline for comparing the effects of the medication given to the experimental group. This methodology ensures that any effects observed can be attributed to the medication itself, rather than other factors such as psychological effects of thinking one is receiving treatment.
Which of the following hereditary conditions is characterized by excessive sebum production?
Acne
Heart disease
Sickle cell anemia
Type 1 diabetes
Answer:
Sorry this is a late response but I got Acne im not sure if its right though as I was looking for the answer and then the guy didnt give the right answer. gl!
Explanation:
Answer:
acne
Explanation:
took the test
What most likely happens when water loses heat?
It changes into ice.
It changes into vapor.
Its temperature increases.
Its temperature remains constant.
(I think it is the first or the last one)
WILL MARK BRAINLIEST FOR THE FIRST PERSON WHO ANSWERS CORRECTLY IF POSSIBLE!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Answer:
It changes into ice
Explanation:
It depends on how much heat it is, if it loses a lot of heat then the water will freeze and the molecules will bunch together to form a solid so it will change into ice hope this was helpful!
Explain why chemists
refer to the joining of monosaccharides molecules to form disaccharides as a "dehydration
synthesis" reaction. (aka: condensation reaction).
Final answer:
The joining of monosaccharides to form disaccharides is called dehydration synthesis because it involves the removal of a water molecule as a new glycosidic bond forms between the sugar molecules.
Explanation:
Chemists refer to the joining of monosaccharides molecules to form disaccharides as "dehydration synthesis" or a "condensation reaction" because during this process, a molecule of water (H₂O) is released. This happens when the hydroxyl group (-OH) of one monosaccharide combines with the hydrogen atom (H) of another, resulting in the formation of a covalent bond known as a glycosidic bond or glycosidic linkage. These bonds can be alpha or beta type, which differ in the orientation of the OH group on the first glucose's carbon-1, affecting the shape and properties of the resulting disaccharide. This reaction is also known as a condensation reaction because it involves the synthesis of a larger molecule from smaller subunits.
Final answer:
A dehydration synthesis or condensation reaction is how chemists describe the formation of disaccharides from monosaccharides, where water is eliminated, and a glycosidic bond is formed.
Explanation:
Chemists refer to the joining of monosaccharides to form disaccharides as a dehydration synthesis or condensation reaction because this process involves the removal of water (H₂O). During this reaction, the hydroxyl (OH) group from one monosaccharide combines with a hydrogen (H) from another monosaccharide, which results in the release of a water molecule and the formation of a covalent bond known as a glycosidic bond. Glycosidic bonds, essential in the structure of disaccharides, can be either alpha or beta, determining the molecule's shape and properties. For instance, the disaccharide lactose is formed from the monosaccharides glucose and galactose, while sucrose is formed from glucose and fructose.
Why is the demand for environmental scientists and specialists expected to increase? (Site 1
Answer:
The demand of natural researchers and specialist would elevate on account of the need to screen the quality of the environment, to examine the effect of human activities on land and water ecosystems, and to create techniques for reestablishing environments.
Explanation:
What's more, natural researchers will be expected to enable planners to create and develop buildings, transportation halls, and utilities that ensure water assets and reflect productive and gainful land use.
There will be extra interest for new ecological researchers to supplant the individuals who resign, advance to the executive positions, or change professions.
The combined gradient that affects ions like potassium and their potential to diffuse across the cell membrane
is described as _________?
A. passive
B. extracellular
C. electrochemical
Which physical change is represented by the diagram below?
Answer:
The answer to your question is deposition
Explanation:
In the picture we can see that molecules are moving fast and after a process they move slower, they change from a gas to a solid state.
a) condensation this answer is wrong because condensation is transformation of vapor into gas and does not happen in this picture.
b) deposition this is the correct answer
c) evaporation matter changes from liquid to gas, then this answer is wrong.
d) sublimation matter changes from solid to gas in the picture happens the opposite.
Deposition physical change is represented by the diagram below. Hence the correct option is b.
The diagram illustrates a scenario where 200 g of water is poured into a beaker, and the choice of deposition aligns with the process depicted. Deposition is the transformation of a substance from a gas directly to a solid without passing through the liquid phase. In this context, as the water vapor is poured into the beaker, it undergoes deposition and changes directly into a solid state, forming ice in the beaker. This interpretation is consistent with the physical change described in the diagram, where the water undergoes a phase transition without first becoming a liquid.
This scenario contrasts with more common phase changes, such as evaporation or condensation, where a substance transitions between the liquid and gas phases. Deposition skips the liquid phase altogether, and the water vapor converts directly into solid ice particles. This portrayal in the diagram captures a distinctive aspect of phase transitions, highlighting the diversity of physical changes that can occur in different conditions and contexts. The comprehension of deposition in this scenario adds depth to our understanding of the intricacies of phase changes and the versatile behaviors of matter. Hence the correct option is b.
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Why does the rate of cellular respiration decrease quickly at temperatures higher than 40°C? Enzymes that perform cellular respiration denature. Glucose becomes much less soluble in the blood. Mitochondria transition to the anaerobic respiration process. Perspiration interferes with the cells’ ability to metabolize lipids.
Answer: Enzymes that perform cellular respiration denature.
Explanation:
Cellular respiration is a process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen into energy in the form of ATP. This process requires the involvement of several enzymes that catalyze the various biochemical reactions involved in cellular respiration. Enzymes are highly specific in their function and are sensitive to changes in temperature and pH.
At higher temperatures above 40°C, the enzymes involved in cellular respiration become denatured, which means that the three-dimensional structure of the enzyme is disrupted. This leads to the loss of its catalytic activity, and the process of cellular respiration cannot proceed at the same rate as before.
Denaturation occurs because the heat breaks the weak bonds that hold the protein structure together, causing the enzyme to lose its shape and function. Once the enzyme is denatured, it cannot catalyze the chemical reactions of cellular respiration effectively, and the rate of cellular respiration decreases quickly.
Therefore, it is important for cells to maintain a relatively constant temperature to ensure that the enzymes involved in cellular respiration can function optimally.
Final answer:
Enzymes that perform cellular respiration denature at temperatures above 40°C, leading to decreased cellular respiration rates. High temperatures cause enzymes to lose their shape and functionality, resulting in inefficient ATP production and a shift to less efficient energy production processes like fermentation.
Explanation:
The rate of cellular respiration decreases quickly at temperatures higher than 40°C primarily because the enzymes that drive the many reactions involved in this process begin to denature. Enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions, and they have a specific shape important for their function. High temperatures can disrupt the three-dimensional structure of these enzymes, resulting in the loss of their active site and therefore their activity. When these enzymes denature, the efficiency of cellular respiration drops and the cell cannot produce ATP as effectively.
It is also observed that at higher temperatures, such as above 37°C in yeast cells, there is a shift from respiration to partial fermentation. This shift occurs because the increased temperature leads to a decrease in the specific activities of enzymes, constraining metabolism, and when total protein concentration reaches its limit, which cannot increase enzyme activity further, glycolysis becomes more efficient for ATP production despite yielding less ATP per mole of glucose compared to respiration.
While cells can tolerate slight increases in temperature to a certain extent, extreme temperatures, particularly above a threshold of around 40-45°C, can be lethal as enzymes stop functioning correctly. At these elevated temperatures, other physiological changes can also occur, such as altered solubility of gases in blood, which could affect oxygen availability but this is less immediate compared to enzyme denaturation, which has a direct impact on cellular respiration rates.
Why does adenine always pair with thymine and guanine always pair with cytosine? What two factors determine the base pairing rule?
a, b, c, or d?
certain hydrogen bonds are formed so that A goes with T and G with C
A skateboarder begins going down a ramp with an initial velocity of 1.0 m/s. After 3 seconds, her speed
has increased to a final velocity of 4.0 m/s. Calculate her acceleration.
Answer:
1.0 m/s
Explanation:
Final answer:
To calculate the skateboarder's acceleration, use the formula [tex]a = (v_f - v_i) / t[/tex]. The skateboarder's acceleration is found to be 1.0 m/s² over 3 seconds.
Explanation:
The subject of this question is Physics, specifically within the context of kinematics, which is the study of motion without considering the causes of motion (like forces). To calculate the acceleration of the skateboarder, we can use the formula for constant acceleration:
[tex]a = (v_f - v_i) / t[/tex]
where a is the acceleration, [tex]v_f[/tex] is the final velocity,[tex]v_i[/tex]is the initial velocity, and t is the time over which the acceleration occurs. In this problem, the initial velocity (v_i) is given as 1.0 m/s, the final velocity [tex](v_f)[/tex] is 4.0 m/s, and the time (t) is 3 seconds. Plugging these values into the formula gives:
a = (4.0 m/s - 1.0 m/s) / 3 s = 3.0 m/s / 3 s = 1.0 m/s²
Therefore, the skateboarder's acceleration is 1.0 m/s².
which events caused the oceans to form
Answer:
About 3.8 billion years ago, the water condensed into rain which filled the basins that are now our oceans. According to this theory, the ocean formed from the escape of water vapor and other gases from the molten rocks of the Earth to the atmosphere surrounding the cooling planet.
Which job title describes a person with a career in natural resources
Answer:
Natural resource professional are those individuals who involves themselves in the career of natural resources. They ensure to grow as much crop as possible and make it available to the people.
They not only involve themselves in producing agricultural goods but also ensure to look after and conserve and protect the water bodies, soil, wildlife, forests etc.
They can also work in conserving the natural resources available. They help in managing and policy development for the sustainable use of resources so that it is available to future generations.
Answer: environmental scientist
Explanation:
Which of the following statements does not explain what a geneticist, someone who specializes in genetics, does?
A) performs experiments on pea plants to determine how self- and cross-pollination occur
B) studies a family's history to identify who carries the trait for a genetic disorder C)identifies new genetic disorders
D) researches ways scientists can better track trait inheritance
The incorrect statement about what a geneticist does is A) performs experiments on pea plants to determine how self- and cross-pollination occur, as this describes Gregor Mendel's historical work, not a typical activity of modern geneticists.
The statement that does not explain what a geneticist does is: A) performs experiments on pea plants to determine how self- and cross-pollination occur. This task was specifically performed by Gregor Mendel in the 19th century and forms the historical basis of the field of genetics. Modern geneticists conduct a wide range of activities that include studying familial histories for genetic disorders, identifying new genetic disorders, and researching how traits are inherited, but they do not typically engage in mendelian pea plant experiments as a primary activity.
Geneticists specialize in the study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics. They conduct experiments and investigations that may build upon Mendel's principles, but do not often replicate his historic pea plant experiments unless for educational purposes. Instead, their work tends to utilize advanced techniques and technologies to understand complex genetic interactions and their implications on health and disease.
If you have an idea to improve a complex software process at work, what is the most effective way to communicate this idea?
Notify your boss of your plans in an email you write quickly, without carefully proofreading it
Start to implement your idea immediately so others can see how you expect it to work
Tell your coworkers that you think you have a way to improve the process
Organize your thoughts and present the idea to your boss in a written report
Mark this and return
Save and
Submit
here to search
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
If there is a certain idea regarding any process which can be improved then the thought to improve it should be first shared with the boss of the company.
Firstly, the person sharing the thought should himself be sure about the thought that he is going to present in front of the boss.
The thought regarding the improvement of the software process should be first written in an organized way and presented to the boss.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
just because
For sediment to be transformed into rock, which set of processes must take place?
Answer:
Step 1: weathering of pre-existing rocks Step 2: Transport the weathering rocks Step 3: Desposition of the rocks Step 4: Compaction Step 5: Cementation for the sediment to form a rock.
Explanation:
Answer:
For sediments to be converted into rocks, initially a rock body or a source rock must be weathered as a result of which these broken materials are produced. This broken rock fragments are then transported from one place to another by the agents such as wind, water and ice. This materials are deposited at a different place where they are subjected to compaction and lithification, resulting in the formation of a clastic sedimentary rock.
The word 'clastic' refers to the broken rock fragments.
For example, shale, sandstone, conglomerate and breccia.
the possibility of down syndrome increases as the mother's age increases because
The probability of the chance for getting the Down's syndrome is high as the maternal age increases because of the age related discomfort abilities.
Explanation:When problem arises in the cell division of the chromosome number 21, it leads to a syndrome called as Down's syndrome. If both partners involved in reproduction process are healthy and fit, the zygote formation happens in a positive manner.
As per the condition given, if the maternal age increases, the possibility for the fetus to get affected with Down's syndrome because as the age increases, the body related activity starts to reduce. The chance for an elder woman to conceive a kid with Down's disorder increment with age on the grounds that more aged eggs have a more serious danger of inappropriate chromosome division.
Why does a star of
average mass expand
into a red giant?
Answer:
When a star expands, the surface of the star becomes cooler as well as redder. Hence, forming the red giant.
Explanation:
If all the hydrogen which is present in a star gets fused into helium then an increase in the core temperature can be seen along with the core contractions. As a result of these core pressures and the core temperatures, the helium gets fused into carbon through a process known as the triple alpha process. As a result, the star begins to expand whereas its surface becomes cooler and redder which leads to the formation of red giant.
s a researcher in a protein lab, you analyze two different proteins for their shape and the amino acids they contain. Your results show that the two proteins have exactly the same numbers and types of amino acids, but they have different shapes. What is the best explanation for these results?
Answer:
The two proteins may have exactly the same numbers and types of amino acids but the sequence of the amino acids along their polypeptide chain may be different and that is reason enough for them to have different shapes. Amino acids side groups differ in polarity, charges, shape, and size and will determine how the polypeptide folds at local regions within the protein - based on interactions with other local regions within the same chain - or with another chain of a tertiary protein. This is due to the fact that the interactions between amino acid side groups of a polypeptide influence, for example, the number and positions of hydrogen and disulfide bonds within the protein.
Final answer:
The difference in shape between two proteins with identical amino acid types can be attributed to the sequence of the amino acids. This sequence determines the three-dimensional structure, thus affecting the protein's function as shape is closely linked to function.
Explanation:
The two proteins with the same numbers and types of amino acids but different shapes can be explained by the concept that the sequence of amino acids determines a protein's final shape. Proteins fold into complex three-dimensional structures as a result of the interactions between their constituent amino acids. This principle is fundamental in understanding that even though two proteins may have the same types of amino acids, the order in which these amino acids are linked – their sequence – dictates how the protein folds and what shape it ultimately assumes. It's also worth noting that even a single change in amino acid sequence can result in a significantly different folding pattern, leading to a different protein shape and thus different function. Shape determines function; therefore, proteins with different shapes will have different functions, even if they're made from the same set of amino acids.
White blood cells called B cells produce proteins that can be used for the treatment of certain illnesses. However, these B cells do not live for very long on their own. To keep the B cells growing for a long time in laboratories, scientists fuse the B cells with cancer cells (fused B-cancer cells) that do grow for a very long time. The particular cancer cells used for the fusion are treated with chemicals that make them unable to produce the nitrogenous bases adenine and guanine, but the B cells with which they are fused do produce these nitrogenous bases. The scientists grow the large fused B-cancer cells in a growth medium that contains necessary nutrients for the cells and includes a source of carbon.
(a) Describe the role of carbon in biological systems.
Answer:
Carbon is the basic compound for making of molecules in biological systems. IN growth medium, carbon sources are added to provide energy.
Explanation:
Without carbon, there would be no life on earth. Carbon molecules have the ability to form bonds that are stable with a vast number of molecules. It can also form bonds with itself. The proteins, amino acids, DNA, RNA, lipids all contain carbon molecules. Hence, it serves as the basic compound for making molecules of life.
In the growth culture media, Carbon is added in the form of carbohydrates like glucose or glutamine as it provides main source of energy.
Carbon is a necessary component of all life on Earth. Carbon intake and outflow are a part of every plant and animal life, whether they take in carbon to help build food or release carbon as part of respiration. Carbon is always moving from one location to another.
In biological processes, carbon is the most fundamental component used to create molecules. Carbon sources are introduced to the growing medium to give energy.There would be no life on Earth if it weren't for carbon. Carbon molecules have the ability to create stable connections with a large variety of other compounds. It's also capable of forming bonds with itself. Carbon molecules can be found in proteins, amino acids, DNA, RNA, and lipids.Thus, it acts as the building block for life's molecules. Carbon is given to the growth culture media in the form of carbohydrates such as glucose or glutamine because it is the primary source of energy and plays a major role in the biological system.