The cell cycle is regulated by chemicals, primarily proteins called cyclins and Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Cyclins fluctuate in concentration throughout the cycle, activating CDKs that stimulate the cell to progress stages by phosphorylating target proteins. This regulates the timing and progression of the cell cycle.
Explanation:The cell cycle is a complex process regulated by a series of chemicals and proteins. The two main chemicals are proteins known as cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs). Cyclins increase and decrease in concentration throughout different parts of the cell cycle, binding to CDKs and activating them. These activated CDKs then stimulate the cell to progress to the next phase by phosphorylating target proteins. When there are high levels of cyclins, the cell moves into the mitosis phase. After mitosis, the cyclin levels decrease, causing the cell to exit the cell cycle and enter the G0 phase. Therefore, these two chemicals work together to control the progression and timing of events in the cell cycle.
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The cell cycle is regulated by chemicals namely cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), and regulatory molecules. These chemicals can either promote or halt the cycle depending on cell conditions. Any dysfunction in these chemicals can cause unchecked cell division, eventually leading to cancer.
Explanation:The cell cycle is regulated by various types of chemicals which include cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks), along with regulatory molecules that either promote or hinder the progress of the cycle. The cell moves through the cycle under the supervision of these control molecules, which determine whether conditions are correct for the cell to transition to the next stage. Cyclins and Cdks regulate transitions through checkpoints in the cell cycle, while negative regulator molecules, such as tumor suppressor proteins, can halt the cycle if specific requirements are not met.
On the other hand, Cdk inhibitors are molecules that block the full activation of Cdks to arrest the cell cycle until an event they are monitoring is completed. Any changes in these regulatory molecules can result in unchecked cell division leading to cancer. Therefore, these chemicals maintain the balance between cell division and cell death and help in the proper functioning of cell cycle.
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@Physiology HELP
1. Which of the following is needed for cellular respiration to occur? (2 points)
Sodium
Oxygen
Water
Nitrogen
2. Which of the following correctly compares fermentation and cellular respiration? (2 points)
Both provide ATP molecules, but only fermentation occurs when oxygen is present.
Both result in substantial ATP molecules and lactic acid production.
Cellular respiration produces more ATP molecules than fermentation.
Cellular respiration provides ATP molecules at a slower rate than fermentation.
3. What ultimately happens to the light energy captured during photosynthesis? (2 points)
It is used to produce glucose molecules.
It is turned into more chlorophyll for the plant.
It is used to release the energy from H2O.
It is put into ATP molecules for long-term storage.
Answer:
1. The correct answer would be oxygen.
Oxygen is used as the terminal electron acceptor in cellular respiration. It results in the production of water (byproduct) from oxygen.
2. The correct answer is the third option, that is, Cellular respiration produces more ATP molecules than fermentation.
Fermentation takes place in absence of oxygen which results in the production of lactic acid (or ethanol). In absence of oxygen, glucose does not break down completely due to which less number of ATP is produced.
Fermentation only produces 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. In comparison, cellular respiration produces 36-38 ATP per glucose molecule.
3. The correct answer is option third.
The light energy is used to phtolysis of water which releases oxygen and high energy electrons. These electrons are then used to produce NADPH and ATP. These NADPH and ATP are then used in dark phase to fix carbon into glucose.
The process in which two or more species become more adapted over time
The radiosonde can be used to measure upper air temperature. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F
Answer:
It's true
Explanation:
Radiosondes are used to measure temperature, pressure and humidity at heights above 30 km. They can also be used to determine the wind at heights. There are other radiosondes used to measure the sun's radiation, ozone distribution, air conductivity, etc. They are mainly used for research. Its units are hectopascal, degrees Celsius, etc.
which organelle would you expect to find in the cells of a tree leaf, but not in a bony fish?
Nerve impulses leading to the brain carry information about cool temperatures on the skin. the nerve fibers sending these signals will most likely belong to which division of the nervous system? sensory (afferent) division somatic nervous system sympathetic division parasympathetic division
The answer sensory (afferent) division. The nerves are sensory because they perceive sensory stimuli, in this case, temperatures. Additionally, afferent nerves carry impulses to the Central Nervous System while efferent nerves carry impulse to muscles and glands in response to information brought in by afferent nerves.
What is the largest time period in the history of Earth?
HELP ASAP!!!
Here is Dan's address:
42 Oaksville Street, Apartment C
San Jose, California
USA
Imagine each of the five parts of Dan's address represents Earth, the Milky Way, the moon, the solar system, or the universe, based on their sizes. Which of the following parts of Dan's address would represent the universe?
A. California
B. 42 Oaksville Street
C. San Jose
D. USA
In which structure would a zygote occur in within the female reproductive system? A. Uterus B. Uterine wall C. Ovary D. Fallopian tube
The history of life on Earth is recorded in _____.
rock fossils
animal behavior
a gene pool
Lamarck's notes
rock fossils history of life
Answer:
Option A
Explanation:
The rock fossils depict the history of life because they consist of several deposits of old age fossil in different layers of rock strata. The layer of rock strata which lies at the bottom of any rock deposits is the oldest layer. By examining this oldest layer one can determine the prevailing atmospheric condition at the time of its formation. Also, examining the remains of fossil can help us to understand the forms of life existing during that time.
In this way all the layer of rock strata can be examined one by one from bottom (oldest) to top (youngest). This shall also allow us to understand the pattern of evolution of biological species with time.
Hence, option A is correct
list three things that an astronomer can learn about a star by studying its spectrum.
A star's spectrum lines help to detect the various important studies related to the spectral lines of the stars. The temperature, composition and density of the star will help the astronomer.
What are the gases found in stars ?The major gases that are found in stars are hydrogen and helium which undergoes various reactions in order to produce energy and these energetic reactions are helpful in stars twinkling.
The spectral lines is also helpful in diagnosing the magnetic field of the star where the temperature of the star in which it is present will also be shown by the spectral lines and the density of the star that is the volume present in the star is also shown by the spectral lines.
Therefore the major of 3 things that will be diagnosed with the help of the spectral lines are magnetic field, temperature and density of the star atmosphere.
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If the sequence of nucleotide on mRNA template is AUCGUA then sequence of newly synthesized DNA strand would be?
Answer:
The correct answer will be- T A G C A T.
Explanation:
The mRNA is the messenger molecule formed by the process of transcription from the anti-sense DNA strand as a template.
The mRNA usually contains code for the synthesis of proteins but can also synthesize the DNA by the process of reverse transcription. The complementary nucleotide will bind according to the Chargaff rule which states that A will bind T or U and G will bind C.
So, if mRNA strand is- A U C G U A
DNA strand will be- T A G C A T.
Identify the two minerals shown that exhibit fracture as a dominant form of breakage
Among the properties used to identify minerals, we can mention the breaking tendency: cleavage or fracture. The two minerals shown that exhibit fracture as a dominant form of breakage are quartz and olivine.
Many properties of minerals are used to identify them, such as color, density, hardness, among others. In this case, we are talking about their breaking tendency.
How do minerals break?Minerals can cleave or fracture, which depends on how the sides separate and the formed angles.
A type of mineral breaks always in the same, and this is why the breaking tendency is useful to identify them.
CleavageThe mineral breaks in flat smooth planes.Cleavage direction and smoothness of surfaces are significant when identifying.FractureThe mineral break in irregular planes.In these minerals, there is no particular breaking direction.Image analysisAccording to this information, we can analyze the images and look for the answer.
Let us take, for instance, the potassium feldspat option. It shows flat and regular planes. So this is not a fracture, but a cleavage.
On the other side, quartz and olivine, do not seem to show any regular breaking side. The shape of these minerals is not well-defined and does not show any breaking direction.
The two minerals shown that exhibit fracture as a dominant form of breakage are quartz and olivine.
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Latoria is horseback riding when she falls and hits her head. after the accident, she has difficulty performing finely coordinated movements. latoria has most likely damaged her ____.
a. medulla oblongata
b. reticular formation
c. cerebellum
d. locus coeruleus
Final answer:
Latoria has most likely damaged her cerebellum, which is responsible for balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills. The correct answer is option C, "cerebellum."
Explanation:
Latoria is horseback riding when she falls and hits her head, and afterward has difficulty performing finely coordinated movements. Given these symptoms, Latoria has most likely damaged her cerebellum. The cerebellum is the part of the brain responsible for controlling balance, coordination, movement, and motor skills. It receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to manage these functions. The cerebellum can make necessary changes to motor commands, as seen when a person adapts their walking movement in water. When the cerebellum does not work properly due to damage or the effects of alcohol, coordination and balance are significantly impaired.
A student constructs a Venn diagram to compare the organelles in plant and animal cells. Which organelle should be listed under “plant only” in the diagram
Answer:
Explanation:
Organelles present in plant cells and not in animal cells are:
Plastids (chloroplast, chromoplast and leucoplast)
Central vacuole (for storage)
Glyoxysome (present in seeds)
A cellular process called ____________ is responsible for programmed cell death.
What is the most likely consequence of open pit mining on plant life? a. a dramatic reduction in the variety of plant species b. an increase in the number of plant species c. the complete loss of plant life in the area occupied by the surface mine d. a temporary decrease in plant populations
Answer: c. the complete loss of plant life in the area occupied by the surface mine.
Open pit mining is a mining process that involves mining of earth surface, instead of underground layers. It is also, known as strip mining. It is done to extract ore and fossil fuels from the surface of earth. An open pit mining removes the subsurface soil along with vegetation growing on that surface.The mining site exhibits the mining pits, the soil in these pits changes constantly due to erosion. The soil looses it's fertility. This converts the mining site into a barren land.
Therefore, the complete loss of plant life in the area occupied by the surface mine is the most likely consequences of open pit mining on plant life.
The ________ division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands.
The answer is efferent division. The nervous system acts as an input-output system. The afferent nervous system conveys signals to the brain following a stimulus. After processing of the information, the brain sends out a signal in response. This response is carried by the efferent nerve to the requisite organ involved in the response.
Final answer:
The motor division of the nervous system, part of the peripheral nervous system, sends motor commands to muscles and glands, divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems for controlling voluntary and involuntary actions.
Explanation:
The motor division of the nervous system carries motor commands to muscles and glands. This part of the nervous system is crucial for stimulating muscles to contract and glands to secrete hormones. It is part of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and is further divided into two main systems: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.
The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements by acting on skeletal muscles, whereas the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary activities, influencing glands, smooth muscles, and cardiac muscles. It includes further subdivisions like the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems, which are responsible for the body's fight-or-flight response and rest-and-digest activities, respectively.
During the process of cell division when does the nuclear membrane reform?
A. Prophase
B. Interphase
C. Telophase
D. Anaphase
Mitosis is divided into several phases, including prophase, prometaphase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. As the intermediary phase between prophase and metaphase, prometaphase is sometimes considered part of prophase. The disintegration of the nuclear membrane into tiny vesicles signals the end of prophase and the beginning of prometaphase. When the envelope breaks down, the mitotic spindle fibers gain access to the DNA of the cell. The fibers then attach to the chromosomes at their kinetochores and begin moving to polar opposites of the cell.
The nuclear membrane re-forms in the phase of cell division known as telophase, separating the genetic material from the rest of the cell.
Explanation:The nuclear membrane re-forms during the telophase stage of cell division. In this phase, the chromatin that had condensed into chromosomes begins to relax and the nuclear envelope forms around each set of chromosomes to separate the nuclear DNA from the cytoplasm. This maintains a barrier that regulates the flow of substances into and out of the nucleus. Thus, option C: Telophase is the correct choice.
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Water held within plants returns to the atmosphere as a vapor through a process called _______________.
The correct sequence of parts that carry cardiac impulses is
SA node > AV node > AV bundle (bundle of HIS) > Bundle branches > Purkinje fibers.
The sinoatrial (SA) node, located in the right atrium, produces an electric impulse by contraction. This impulse travels to the atrioventricular (AV) node, located at the partition of the atria. There is a tenth of a second delay in the impulse as the AV node contracts and sends the impulse through the bundle's branches to the ventricles. The bundle branches further divide into Purkinje fibers in the ventricle walls. When the impulse reaches the Purkinje fibers, they make the ventricles walls to contract.
The correct sequence of parts that carry cardiac impulses is SA node, AV node, bundle of HIS, bundle branches, purkinje fibers, ventricular muscle cells.
Sinoatrial node: Located in the right atrium, the SA node initiates the electrical impulses that regulate the heart's rhythm.
Atrioventricular node: Located near the center of the heart, specifically in the atrial septum, the AV node receives the electrical impulses from the SA node.
Bundle of His: After passing through the AV node, the electrical signal travels down the bundle of His, a pathway composed of specialized muscle fibers.
Bundle branches: The bundle of His divides into two main branches called the right bundle branch and the left bundle branch.
Purkinje fibers: The bundle branches further divide into smaller fibers known as Purkinje fibers.
Ventricular muscle cells: The Purkinje fibers stimulate the ventricular muscle cells, causing the ventricles to contract and pump blood out of the heart.
Thus, the electrical impulses originating from the SA node are efficiently transmitted to the atria and then to the ventricles, ensuring coordinated and effective contractions of the heart.
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If one strand of a dna double helix has the sequence agtactg, what will be the sequence of the other strand
What would you expect to see on the eeg record of a person who is engaged in an episode of sleepwalking?
Answer:
The correct answer is evidence of deep sleep (stage 4).
Explanation:
Sleepwalking or somnambulism is the condition found most commonly in the children between the ages 6 and 12. Though it is usually a harmless condition, however, spontaneous occurrences should be helped out with the help of a physician.
In the condition, the person goes from deep sleep to light drowsiness in a general sleep pattern. The individual generally encounters with few rounds of REM and non-REM sleep, or brisk movement of the eye.
What is the ozone layer? Where is it?what purpose does it have ?
Answer:
The ozone layers is a region of Earth's stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun's ultraviolet radiation. he ozone layer is mainly found in the lower portion of the stratosphere from approximately 20 to 30 kilometres (12 to 19 mi) above Earth. It's purpose is to protect us from the sun's ultraviolet rays which I said in the first sentence.
Hope this helps!
Where does a zygote implant after fertilization? Fallopian tube Vagina Uterus Ovary
Answer: Uterus.
Explanation:
The male and female gamete fuse together to produce gamete and the produced gamete is implanted in the uterus.
The growing fetus gets all the nutrition here for the growth of the fetus. The zygote gets attached to the uterine walls and stays there for development.
The growing fetus is delivered after nine moths and they stay in the womb for approximately 9 months.
The palatine tonsils are located between which two structures
At the back of the throat is where the palatine tonsils are located. One of the tonsils is on the right side of the throat while the other tonsil is on the left side of the throat. The major roles of the these tonsils is to protect the body against gastrointestinal and respiratory infections.
Where in the eukaryotic cell does replication transcription rna processing and translation occur?
Which of the following statements is true concerning the National Weather Service's ability to predict aerial flooding?
A. They can give good advance warning of how high flood waters will rise, but NOT when and where floods will occur.
B. They CANNOT give good advance warning of when and where floods will occur, or how high flood waters will rise.
C. They can give good advance warning of when and where floods will occur and how high flood waters will rise.
D. They can give good advance warning of when and where floods will occur, but NOT how high flood waters will rise.
Injuries and deaths from motorcycle collisions are primarily from
the size of the bike makes it a lot harder to see and due to there being little to no protection
Motorcycle crash injuries and fatalities are mostly caused by the riders' lack of protection and susceptibility when compared to the occupants of enclosed vehicles.
Thus, riders on motorcycles have little physical protection, making them vulnerable to direct impact and even ejection following a crash. The possibility of suffering serious injuries rises in the absence of safety equipment like seat belts, airbags, and a protective vehicle frame.
The visibility of motorbikes on the road also makes accidents with other cars more likely. Motorcycles' rapid speeds can play a role in collisions brought on by driving too fast, being careless, or losing control. Motorcycle incidents are more likely to cause significant injuries and fatalities.
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Blood donations to the red cross are considered __________ products.
Blood donations to the Red Cross are considered public goods, which are products or services provided for the entire society's benefit. Such public goods are usually offered by governments or non-profit organizations.
Explanation:Blood donations to the Red Cross are considered public goods. The term refers to products or services that are provided for the benefit of all members of a society. Public goods are usually provided by the government or non-profit organizations such as the Red Cross. When an individual donates blood, that blood is available for anyone who needs it, regardless of whether they have also donated blood. Hence it's a public good - a valuable product that serves the common interest.
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True or false mutations normally produce a beneficial change in an organism after many generations