During replication, the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesised DNA strand is determined by the template strand of the parent DNA. From the 5' end to the 3' end, DNA is synthesized.
What is DNA replication?DNA replication is a process in which a copy of the DNA is synthesised from the parent DNA. In the DNA synthesis, both strands are separated by the helicase enzyme.
This enzyme unwinds the double strand of DNA and converts it into a single strand. The single strand is taken as a template by the DNA polymerase. The DNA polymerase synthesises the new DNA by adding the nucleotide from 5' to 3'.
The 3' OH of the existing nucleotide is attached to the 5' phosphate of the upcoming nucleotide by making a phosphodiester bond. Adenine pairs with thymine, and guanine makes a pair with the cytosine base during DNA replication. These are nitrogenous bases.
Hence, the existing nucleotide bases of parent DNA strands make new strands complementary.
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______ are structures that allow for one-way blood flow through the heart.
The permanent cessation (stopping) of menstrual cycle is known as
At a hydrothermal vent, _____.
seawater seeps into the ocean floor through cracks in the crust
seawater seeps out of the ocean floor through cracks in the crust
bacteria and other organisms die due to lack of nutrients
The average threshold for human hearing is the tick of a watch from ______ under very quiet conditions.
What do fungi and arthropods have in common?
a.both groups are commonly coenocytic.
b.the haploid state is dominant in both groups.
c.both groups are predominantly saprobic in nutrition.
d.the protective coats of both groups are made of chitin.
e.both groups have cell walls?
Fungi and arthropods both share the characteristic of having chitin in their protective layers; fungi in their cell walls, and arthropods in their exoskeletons.
Explanation:The commonality between fungi and arthropods is chitin in their protective layers. While both fungi and arthropods are diverse groups with characteristics unique to each, they share the trait of having structures composed of chitin. Fungi have chitin in their cell walls, which provides rigidity and structural support. This is analogous to arthropods, which have an exoskeleton also made of chitin, a tough carbohydrate that lends them their characteristic rigidity and protection.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is 'd. the protective coats of both groups are made of chitin.' This is a distinctive feature they share, compared to other characteristics where they differ, such as their predominant nutrition form or the dominance of the haploid state in their life cycles.
A patient who has been diagnosed with tuberculosis states, "i am not taking my medication, because i cannot afford it." which ethical practices does the nurse demonstrate by implementing a social service consult to assist the patient in obtaining the medication needed for treatment? select all that apply.
The peak of synaptic overproduction in the _____ takes place at around one year of age.
The bottleneck effect is used to describe an event where a population decreases. One example involves the northern elephant seal. They have a reduced genetic variation due to a population bottleneck humans inflicted on them in the 1890s. Hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has since rebounded to over 30,000, but they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely hunted. Which phrase best explains this change if gene frequency?
A warning sign of the female athlete triad includes:
He human gene egfr located on chromosome 7 is a proto-oncogene that codes for a growth factor cell surface receptor. the binding of growth factors to this receptor can lead to cell proliferation. hypothesize what potential impact a mutated egfr allele will have on a cell. give one possible impact and explain your answer
A mutated EGFR gene may cause the up-regulation of the growth factor receptors. This causes an abnormally high levels growth factor response to occur even when growth factors have not bound the receptor causing the epidermal cells to proliferate. This unregulated growth causes cancer such as adenocarcinoma.
The mutated EGFR allele leads to development of cancer.
Further Explanation:
Proto-oncogenes are the genes that induces normal cells to become cancerous if they are mutated which is dominant in nature.
The mutated proto-oncogene becomes oncogene when mutated. Most of the time proto-oncogene encodes proteins which stimulates the cell to divide, inhibit cell differentiation and prevents cell death and these processes is crucial for normal development and maintenance of organs. But oncogenes shows higher cell division, decreased cell differentiation and cell death inhibition which is the characteristics of cancer cell.
EGFR or Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor functions in regulating the epithelial tissue developmental process and homeostasis. In cancer cells EGFR is inappropriately activated in the cancer cell due to point mutations or transcriptional upregulation. EGFR has also been marked as the biomarker of resistance in tumors.
EGFR are involved in canonical EGFR signaling pathway which is ligand and kinase-dependent.
When there is absence of stimulation, the EGFR is normally found to be in auto-inhibited, incompetent state in plasma membrane. Binding of ligand allows the receptor dimerization which further leads to EGFR kinase activation.
EGFR signaling can be disrupted due to EGFR gene amplification or mutations. Mostly the mutations occurs in glioblastoma and lung cancer. These genetic lesion is accompanied by increase in EGFR ligand production.in certain cases genetic changes determines the abnormal trafficking of EGFR that leads to enhanced signaling and tumor development.
Learn more:
1. Learn more about cell https://brainly.com/question/1579016
2. Learn more about cell cycle https://brainly.com/question/1600165
3. Learn more about meiosis https://brainly.com/question/94813
Answer Details:
Grade: College biology
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cancer biology
Keywords:
Proto-oncogenes , genes, normal cells, cancerous, dominant, oncogene, proteins, cell, tissues, organs, EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor, homeostasis, resistance, ligand, plasma membrane, signaling, tumor.
Suppose you observed 455 individual cockroaches in the infested apartment after 5 years of exposure to hydramethylnon + glucose bait. if the population had not evolved, how many individuals of each genotype would you expect? round your answers to the nearest whole number. (for help getting started, see hint 1.)
____ 15. which excretory organ eliminates water and some chemical wastes in perspiration?
Final answer:
The skin is the excretory organ responsible for eliminating water and some chemical wastes through perspiration.
Explanation:
The excretory organ that eliminates water and some chemical wastes in perspiration is the skin. The skin contains sweat glands that produce sweat, which is a way for the body to regulate temperature and remove excess water, salts, and a small amount of urea. This role in excretion makes the skin an important part of the excretory system, which also includes other organs such as the kidneys, liver, lungs, and large intestine. Each of these organs contributes to eliminating different types of waste from the body.
When lung tissue retains an excessive amount of fluid, this is called:?
An ecologist is studying the painted turtle population in a small pond. at the beginning of the year, there are 100 individuals. over the course of a year, 40 turtles are born and 60 die. there is no migration. what is the growth rate (r) of the painted turtle population?
Which symptoms should the nurse expect to observe during the physical assessment of an adolescent girl with severe weight loss and disrupted metabolism associated with anorexia nervosa?
a. lowered body temperature and brittle nails
b. tachycardia and tachypnea
c. heat intolerance and high blood pressure
d. dysmenorrhea and oliguria?
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about lawrence kohlberg's theory of moral development. which information provided by the registered nurse regarding postconventional reasoning needs correction?
Which of the following is a possible future milestone in environmental policy?
a.
water pollution policy
b.
implementation of a cap and dividend policy
c.
mandatory environmental assessments
d.
environmental impact statements
The right answer is mandatory environmental assessments.
Environmental assessment refers to the assessment of a place, strategy, plan, program or scheme with respect to its environmental consequences. It, therefore, includes an assessment of the composition and conditions of the biophysical environment (the abiotic part of the environment) and the human and non-human environment (the living).
The characterization of the state and environmental trends is based on in situ observation, but also on retrospective and possibly prospective data. The evaluator also calculates, models or estimates anthropogenic pressures on the environment, as well as the impacts of human-based management processes.
A site, strategy, plan, program, or scheme is assessed in terms of how it will affect the environment as part of an environmental assessment.
What is Environmental policy?As a result, it also evaluates the human and non-human environments as well as the biophysical environment (the abiotic portion of the environment) (the living).
In situ observation, as well as past and maybe future data, are used to characterize the status and environmental trends.
Additionally, the evaluator evaluates, models, or estimates the effects of human-based management procedures as well as anthropogenic pressures on the environment.
Therefore, A site, strategy, plan, program, or scheme is assessed in terms of how it will affect the environment as part of an environmental assessment.
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What is unique about transduction compared to normal bacteriophage infection? what is unique about transduction compared to normal bacteriophage infection? the bacteriophage takes fragments of the cell with it during transduction. the bacteriophage does not erupt from an infected cell during transduction. transduction transfers dna from the chromosome of one cell to another?
Transduction is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria where the bacteriophage takes fragments of the infected cell's DNA and transfers it to another bacterium. This is unique compared to normal bacteriophage infection where the bacteriophage does not take fragments of the cell with it and it erupts from the infected cell.
Explanation:Transduction is a mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria where genes are transferred through viral infection. It is unique compared to normal bacteriophage infection because, during transduction, the bacteriophage takes fragments of the infected cell's DNA and transfers it to another bacterium. This results in the transfer of DNA from the chromosome of one cell to another. In normal bacteriophage infection, the bacteriophage does not take fragments of the cell with it and it erupts from the infected cell.
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What process in prophase 1 of meiosis makes every gamete different
In prophase I of meiosis, two processes occur that make every gamete different: crossover and random assortment of tetrads.
Explanation:In prophase I of meiosis, two processes occur that make every gamete different.
Crossover: During prophase I, crossover events between the nonsister chromatids of each homologous pair of chromosomes generate recombinant chromatids with new combinations of genes from the mother and father.Random assortment: The random alignment of tetrads on the metaphase plate produces unique combinations of maternal and paternal chromosomes that will make their way into the gametes.Learn more about Prophase I of meiosis here:https://brainly.com/question/31462972
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The region of our solar system between mercury and mars has very few asteroids, while the region between mars and jupiter has many asteroids. based on what you have learned, what is the most likely explanation for the lack of asteroids between mercury and mars?
Which statement describes a species that is at carrying capacity?
I'LL GIVE U BRAINLIEST
Based on early observations, including those in the table below, scientists proposed that the continents were once together but had drifted apart. However, scientists could not identify anything that would make them move. New technology, such as a worldwide network of earthquake detectors, led to new observations. Then scientists proposed that Earth’s surface was divided into tectonic plates that would move as a result of forces linked to earthquakes and the formation of new ocean floor.
How are continental drift and plate tectonics related?
Continental drift was the hypothesis that led to the theory of plate tectonics.
Continental drift was the theory that became the law of plate tectonics.
The theory of continental drift was modified based on the new observations to become the theory of plate tectonics.
The theory of continental drift was proven false, and the law of plate tectonics took its place.
blue jays and robins do not interbreed. assuming that blue jays and robins share the same habitat, describe the possible conditions that keep these bird reproductively isolated. explain your answer.
A caregiver of a toddler has called the poison control nurse to report that the child licked a small amount of petroleum jelly. the caregiver states that the toddler is sitting on the floor, watching a cartoon, and playing with a toy. which information will the poison control nurse provide?
The correct answer is to "dilute with milk and water". The patient should not be induced to vomit to prevent aspiration as this can lead to another condition which is aspiration pneumonia.
What is pneumonia?Pneumonia is a respiratory disease which affects the lungs. Pneumonia is an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs.
The air sacs may fill with fluid or pus (purulent material), causing cough with phlegm or pus, fever, chills, and difficulty breathing. A variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, can cause pneumonia.
Pneumonia can range in seriousness from mild to life-threatening. It is most serious for infants and young children, people older than age 65, and people with health problems or weakened immune systems.
Therefore, The correct answer is to "dilute with milk and water". The patient should not be induced to vomit to prevent aspiration as this can lead to another condition which is aspiration pneumonia.
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The four Galilean moons were discovered in the year 1610, but the next moon of Jupiter to be discovered, Amalthea, was not found until 1892. The distinction that was most responsible for the early discovery of the Galilean moons was their: A. orbital speeds. B. orbital periods. C. average orbital radii. D. diameters.
Final answer:
The early discovery of the Galilean moons was due to their orbital periods, which were observed to be different by Galileo. This discovery challenged the geocentric view and showed that objects could revolve around a planet other than Earth.
Explanation:
The distinction that was most responsible for the early discovery of the Galilean moons was their orbital periods. When Galileo observed these moons with his telescope, he noticed that they had different orbital periods, ranging from just under 2 days to about 17 days. This discovery was significant because it showed that objects could revolve around a planet other than Earth and that there could be centers of motion that are themselves in motion.
Which one of these is characteristic of cancer cells ?
Answer:
The answer is A
undergo apoptosis
Explanation:
I hope this helped
One group of reptiles, exemplified by the fossil archaeopteryx, led to the evolution of ________.
What does the Nucleus contain? What role do its contents play in the cell?
The nucleus significantly contains the genetic material of living organisms. It is responsible for encoding genetic characteristics within the individual. It is also known as the "controlling center of the cell."
What is Nucleus?The nucleus was first discovered by Robert Brown. It possesses a double-layer covering called a nuclear membrane. It contains pores that allow the transfer of material. It also contains chromosomes that are only visible during the time of cell division.
The nucleus contains nucleolus which is rich in protein and RNA. It is also known as the factory of ribosomes and is helpful in protein synthesis. Nucleus also helps in the transfer of genetic information from one generation to another.
Therefore, the nucleus significantly contains the genetic material of living organisms.
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What are the possible offspring outcomes if Parent 1, Tt, crosses with Parent 2, tt?
TT, tt Tt, tt, All tt
The possible outcomes are Tt and tt.
Answer:
The possible outcomes are Tt and tt.
Explanation:
Which of these statements is true for restriction enzymes? each restriction enzyme is able to make a staggered cut at its recognition site. a given restriction enzyme will always recognize the same dna sequence, but it will cut differently depending on the species of origin of the dna. a different restriction enzyme must be used to open the vector dna than to excise the gene sequence to be cloned. any restriction enzyme can cut any piece of dna. restriction enzymes are useful in genetic engineering when they make staggered cuts in dna?