What effect does the clock rate of a computer have on the execution speed of an instruction?

Answer:

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdbool.h>

bool isEven(int x);

main()

{

int n;

bool v;

printf("Enter an integer: \n");

scanf("%d", &n);

v = isEven(n);

if(v==true)

 printf("\n The integer is even");

else

 printf("\n The integer is odd");

}

bool isEven(int x)

{

if(x%2==0)

 return true;

else

 return false;

}

Explanation:

if the integer is divided by 2 then the integer is even

else the integer is odd.

Answer:

A.) True

Explanation:

Inserting a new value in the middle of a singly lnked list requires changing the pinter of the list node that follows the new node.

Answer:

TRUE

Explanation:

A parameter is a variable in a method definition and an argument is the value to this variable that gets passed to the function.

public void CalculateAdd(int i, int j)

{

    Console.WriteLine(i+j);

}

In the above defined  function, i and j are parameters .

We pass arguments when the function is called.

CalculateAdd(10,20);

10 and 20 are arguments which are passed to the above function to calculate addition operation.

If a function has no parameters, then it is legal to have no arguments.

For example,

public void PrintMessage()

{

   Console.WriteLine("Hello");

}

The above function has no parameters. So, you can call the function without passing any arguments to it as shown below.

PrintMessage();

Answer:

Inserted

Explanation:

Triggers can be created in operational systems to keep track of recently inserted records.

Answer:

TRUE

Explanation:

The while loop is used to run the block of statement again and again until condition is TRUE. if condition false program terminate the loop and execute the next of while statement.

syntax:

initialize;

while(condition)

{

 statement;

  increment/decrement;

)

when condition is TRUE, the block of statement execute again and again.

A while loop in programming has a condition and contents (block of statements). As long as the condition holds true, the loop keeps repeating the contents. The loop stops when the condition turns false.

The while loop in programming has two key components. These are a condition that the system checks before each loop, and some content (statements or blocks of statements) that get executed as long as the condition holds true. The sentence would be completed as 'repeated as long as the expression is true' because the while loop continues until the condition becomes false.

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Answer:

a)Firmware Computers and Virtual Computers

Firmware Computers-A type of computer program that offers low-level device-specific hardware control.Once installed, the firmware is generally altered rarely and only by the manufacturer's updates. Firmware loss can often lead to the loss of function of a hardware device depending completely on the scenario.

Virtual Computers-The most common purpose of the software is to describe a program/piece of data to be changed, viewed or otherwise interacted by the user most often.A software or firmware upgrade allows a continuous change — generally a feature enhancement, performance enhancement, or error correction

b) Early binding and Late Binding

Early binding-The compiler matches the function call at compile time in early binding with the right function definition. It can be called as Compile-time Binding/Static Binding. The compiler defaults to the feature definition called during the moment of compilation. So, because of early binding, all the feature calls you've studied up to now.

Late binding-The compiler matches the function call at run-time with the right function definition in the event of late binding. It is also referred to as Run-time Binding.

The compiler defines the object type at run-time in late binding and then checks the function definition with the function call.

c) BNF and EBNF

BNF(Backus – Naur form)-It is used to officially describe a language's grammar, so there is no discrepancy or ambiguity about what is permitted and what is not. In reality, BNF is so unambiguous that there is a lot of mathematical theory around this kind of grammar, and you can effectively build a parser mechanically for a language with a BNF grammar.

EBNF(Extended Backus–Naur form)-It is used to convey a grammar that is context-free. EBNF is used to describe formally a formal language such as a language for computer programming. This is extension metasyntax notation of the fundamental Backus – Naur form (BNF).

Answer:

jfff

Explanation:

Answer:

Embedded system is defined as, it is the combination of between hardware and software which performed various specific tasks. It is a dedicated functions which contain large electrical and mechanical components. Basically it is the real time computing constraint.

Example: Printers, washing machine and automobiles.

Characteristics of embedded system are:

Answer:  b. actuator

Explanation:

We know that a RW head ( or also known as read/write head) is a component of device which is usually appeared on the hard drive which is used to read and write data by the hard drive's disk . When data required to be read or write, the read/write arm is regulated by actuator.

[An actuator is a part of a device that is mainly responsible for moving and controlling a mechanism or system.]

Hence, All the read/write heads a hard disk are controlled by an actuator .

Answer:

The image of the life cycle of program is attached please refer it.

1. Requirement:- When there is a problem the there is need of program.

2. Analysis:- In this phase all the requirements are collected.

3. Design:- It is an important phase in the program life cycle .The design of problem is generated.

4. Coding:- In this phase the program is coded as per the design.

5. Testing:- In this phase the testing of the program is done to make sure that the program is working properly.

6. Deployment:- In this phase the program comes into the use.

Answer:

I would go for a width of 8.27 inches

Explanation:

The width of your PDF file depends on the project you are working on as well as your use case. Putting that aside, you are always better off making the dimensions of your PDF the same as the dimensions of A4 printing paper, which is 8.27 inches or 21 centimeters (2480 pixels). This is because A4 is the most common printing paper used and will make organization and printing less of a hassle.

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Answer:

Create an integer array which holds five integers

Explanation:

I have written a simple program using c# as a programming language.

Here's  the  program:

using System;

public class Test

{

   public static void Main()

   {

       int[] numbers = new int[5];

       Console.WriteLine("enter 5 numbers");

       for (int i=0; i<=4; i++)

       {

          numbers[i]= Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

       }

       foreach(int k in numbers)

       {

           Console.WriteLine(k+ "\n");

       }

       Console.WriteLine("----------------------------");

       Console.WriteLine("In reverse");  

       for(int j=4; j>=0; j--)

       {

           Console.WriteLine(numbers[j] + "\n");

       }

       Console.ReadLine();

   }      

}

Explanation of Program:

I have created an array named "numbers"  and assigned 5 as it's fixed size.

I prompted the user to enter numbers up to 5. I read those input numbers using Console.ReadLine() and converted to integers as return type of  Console.ReadLine() is string. I have stored all inputs from user into an array  while reading as below:

    numbers[i]= Convert.ToInt32(Console.ReadLine());

Next step is to print them. We can do it easily using foreach loop where it pulls out elements from an array until it reaches  end of an array and print them on console.

If I need to print them from first to last, the condition is,

    for (int i=0; i<=4; i++)  

as it needs to start from first element

If I need to print them from last to first, the condition is,

    or(int j=4; j>=0; j--)  

as it needs to start from last element

The application that can hold five integers in an array and display the integer from first to last and last to first is as follows;

integers = [15, 17, 8, 10, 6]

print(integers)

x = integers[::-1]

print(x)

The code is written in python.

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Answer:

b. the same data type

Explanation:

Any number of variables can be declared in a statement as long as the variables have the same data type. For example:

1) int a,b,c,d,e;

Here each of the declared variables a,b,c,d,e have the type int.

2) char p,q,r,s,t,u,v,w;

In this case variables p to w all have the type char.

3) float x,y,z;

x,y and z are all of type float.

Answer:

D.

Explanation:

a. is about delivering material only to who is entitled to it

b. is about encrypting and decrypting with two different keys

c. is about proving the integrity of a document (that it hasn't been changed).

d. is a cryptographic hash in combination with private key, so that provides both document integrity and non-repudiation

Answer:

A. (x < 15 || x > 2)

Explanation:

The operator '||' is used for OR operation. it is used in between the conditions and give the result as Boolean (TRUE or FALSE).

There are four possible result:

First condition TRUE, second condition TRUE then result will be TRUE.

First condition TRUE, second condition FALSE then result will be TRUE.

First condition FALSE, second condition TRUE then result will be TRUE.

First condition FALSE, second condition FALSE then result will be FALSE.

In the question:

Option A: (x < 15 || x > 2)

x will be in between the 2 and 15, if it less than 15 and greater than 2. So, the expression follow the condition.

Option B: (2 2) && (x<=15)

it not the correct way to write the condition,  (2 2) is not allowed.

Option D:  (22)

it also not true. it show the value 22.

Therefore, the correct option is A.

Answer:

The prefix form of increment operator is ++a, for the variable a.

The postfix form of increment operator is a++, for the variable a.

Explanation:

Let a = 6.

++a + 5 = 12.

but

a++ + 5 =11.

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

A method can not be made final until whole class is madefinal.

Answer:

Total number of characters in "short text" is 10.

Total number of distinct characters is 8.

Explanation:

List of characters in "short text":

s,h,o,r,t, ,t,e,x,t - 10

Set of distinct characters is:

s,h,o,r,t, ,e,x - 8

The length can be determined programmatically in Java using String.length() api.To determine distinct characters, individual characters can be added to a Set and then the set size can be computed.

Answer: d) Avoid a neutral or buffered opening

Explanation: A newsletter is a piece of a report that is having knowledge about the activities of the business ,organizations,their members and owner etc.When the news letter contains contains a disappointing news it should not not have a buffered or neutral opening .The start of the news letter should not be impartial or prejudiced to make bad opening. Therefore, option(d)is the correct option.

Answer:

Peer-to-peer networking is a distributed application where computers are get connected to each other and share resources. Peer-to-peer connection can also be an ad-hoc connection as couple of computers connected and sharing files and information with each other. The main advantages of this network is that it is less expensive and easy to set up. Wireless and wired both networks can be configured as peer-to-peer networking.

Answer:

F

Explanation:

they are initialized to 0 by default.static variables are shared variables

Answer: Control Break

Answer:

The number of unique combinations stored in the register totally dependent upon the number of bits the register can hold.

Explanation:

Suppose if the register is 2-bit.Then it can have (2²) 4 unique combinations of the bits and those combinations are 00,01,10,11.For a 3 bit register there are (2³) or 8 unique combinations those are 000,001,010,011,100,101,110,111.So for a n-bit register there can be 2ⁿ unique combinations there.

Answer:

a.

++score = score + 1

Explanation:

First you have to understand the increment operator;

There are three possible ways to increment the value of variable by 1.

1.  post increment

syntax:

name++

it using in expression first then increase the value by 1.

2. Pre increment

syntax:

++name

it increase the value by 1 before it using in expression.

3. simple method

name = name +1

In the question,

option 1: ++score = score + 1

it increase the value of score by 2 because their are two increment is used first for (score + 1) and second ++score.

Therefore, the correct option is a.

Answer:

Future of Reliability and Security in Software Engineering:

Software reliability refers to a system which is failure-free operations and it is related to many aspects of software and testing process. It is very important as it is directly affects the system reliability. Testing is a best method to measure software reliability. Software can be accessed using reliability information.

As, software reliability, security are tightly coupled with each other and software security problem becoming more severe with the development of the internet. Many software application have security measurement against malicious attacks, so the future of security testing improves the software flaws.

Answer:

#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

  int arr[]={3,-9,9,33,-4,-5, 100,4,-23};

  int pos;

  int n=sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);

  for(int i=0;i<n;i++){

      if(arr[i]>=0){

          pos++;

      }

  }

  cout<<"Number of positive integers is "<<pos<<endl;

  return 0;

}

Explanation:

create the main function in the c++ programming and declare the array with the element. Then, store the size of array by using the formula:

int n=sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]);

after that, take a for loop for traversing the array and then check condition for positive element using if statement,

condition is array element greater than or equal to zero.

if condition true then increment the count by 1.

this process happen until the condition true

and finally print the count.

Answer:

Network layer

Explanation:

Network layer is used when devices from different network involves communication.So,network layer is not required if devices communicate in a same network.

The network layer is concerned with the selection of network paths.

The network layer is the layer in OSI Model. This layer provides data routing paths for communication. Data is transferred on nodes via packets in an order controlled by the network layer.

This layer includes hardware devices such as bridges, firewalls ,routers and switches, but it effectively generates a logical image of the most effective communication path and implements it with a physical medium.

Answer:

JAVA program for the given question is as below.

public class MyProgram {

   public static void main(String args[]) {    

     int len = 5;

     int[] scores = new int[len];      

     scores[0] = 7;

     scores[1] = 10;

     scores[2] = 11;

     scores[3] = 9;

     scores[4] = 10;      

     System.out.print("This program sets each element to the sum of itself and the next element except the last element.");

     System.out.println();      

     System.out.println("The initial elements are ");

     for(int i=0; i<len; i++)

     {

         System.out.print(scores[i]+" ");

     }      

     // new line is inserted    

     System.out.println();  

     System.out.println("The elements after addition are ");

     for(int i=0; i<len; i++)

     {

// addition is not done for last element

         if(i != len-1)

               scores[i] = scores[i] + scores[i+1];                

       // elements of array printed backwards beginning from last element

       System.out.print(scores[i]+" ");

     }      

   }

}

OUTPUT

The elements of array are  

7 10 11 9 10  

The elements of array backwards are  

10 9 11 10 7  

Explanation:

This program uses for loop to display and add up the array elements.

The length of the array is determined by an integer variable, len.

The len variable is declared and initialized to 5.

int len = 5;

The array of integers is declared and initialized as given.

int[] scores = new int[len];

We take the array elements from the question and initialize them manually.

First, we print array elements in sequence using for loop.

for(int i=0; i<len; i++)

To display in sequence, we begin with first element which lies at index 0. The consecutive elements are displayed by incrementing the value of variable i.

The array element is displayed followed by space.

System.out.print(courseGrades[i]+" ");

Next, we set each array element to the sum of itself and the following element except the last element.

if(i != len-1)

               scores[i] = scores[i] + scores[i+1];

We also display these elements simultaneously.  

The length and elements of the array are initialized manually and can be changed for testing the program.

Answer:

JAVA program for the given question is as below.

public class MyProgram {

   public static void main(String args[]) {    

     int len = 5;

     int[] scores = new int[len];      

     scores[0] = 7;

     scores[1] = 10;

     scores[2] = 11;

     scores[3] = 9;

     scores[4] = 10;      

     System.out.print("This program sets each element to the sum of itself and the next element except the last element.");

     System.out.println();      

     System.out.println("The initial elements are ");

     for(int i=0; i<len; i++)

     {

         System.out.print(scores[i]+" ");

     }      

     // new line is inserted    

     System.out.println();  

     System.out.println("The elements after addition are ");

     for(int i=0; i<len; i++)

     {

// addition is not done for last element

         if(i != len-1)

               scores[i] = scores[i] + scores[i+1];                

       // elements of array printed backwards beginning from last element

       System.out.print(scores[i]+" ");

     }      

   }

}

OUTPUT

The elements of array are  

7 10 11 9 10  

The elements of array backwards are  

10 9 11 10 7  

Explanation:

This program uses for loop to display and add up the array elements.

The length of the array is determined by an integer variable, len.

The len variable is declared and initialized to 5.

int len = 5;

The array of integers is declared and initialized as given.

int[] scores = new int[len];

We take the array elements from the question and initialize them manually.

First, we print array elements in sequence using for loop.

for(int i=0; i<len; i++)

To display in sequence, we begin with first element which lies at index 0. The consecutive elements are displayed by incrementing the value of variable i.

The array element is displayed followed by space.

System.out.print(courseGrades[i]+" ");

Next, we set each array element to the sum of itself and the following element except the last element.

if(i != len-1)

               scores[i] = scores[i] + scores[i+1];

We also display these elements simultaneously.  

The length and elements of the array are initialized manually and can be changed for testing the program.

Answer:

The command to create a compressed archive (archive1.tar.gz) is

[tex]tar\,\,-czvf\,\,archive1.tar.gz\,\,test1\,\,test2\,\,test3[/tex]

Explanation:

The explanation for the above command is

The general command to create a compressed archive is

tar -czvf name-of-archive.tar.gz /path/to/directory-or-files

Here, the terms are as follows:

-c : Creates an archive

-z : Compress the archive with gzip.

-v : This is known as verbose. This is an optional command and it displays the progress on terminal command. Without this the progress is not displayed on terminal command.

-f : Allows to specify the file name of the archive.

Here, if we want to archive multiple files, we provide the command the names of multiple files or directories of the files also can be used.

So, the command [tex]tar\,\,-czvf\,\,archive1.tar.gz\,\,test1\,\,test2\,\,test3[/tex]

creates a compressed archive  - archive1.tar.gz of files test1, test2 and test3.

To create a compressed archive file named archive1.tar.gz containing the files test1, test2, and test3, use the command: tar -cvzf archive1.tar.gz test1 test2 test3.

This command creates and gzips the tarball with verbose output. For This Question use the following command:

tar -cvzf archive1.tar.gz test1 test2 test3

In this command:

Answer:

Test management most commonly refers to the activity of managing the computer software testing process. A test management tool is software used to manage tests (automated or manual) that have been previously specified by a test procedure. It is often associated with automation software.

The Configuration Management is a process of establishing and maintaining a product’s performance, functional and physical attributes with its requirements, design, and functionalities through its life.

In Configuration Management we making sure that these items are managed carefully in entire project & product life cycle. It allows Software Tester to manage their testware and test outputs using same configuration management mechanisms.

yes

Explanation:

isn't really noted but if the sequence is in the given order the ("3at4") could be expressed in a ('0' to '9' )format