Answer:
The functions of the kidneys are:
Regulate water, inorganic ion, and acid-base balance.Remove metabolic waste products from the blood and excrete them in the urine.Remove foreign chemicals from the blood and excrete them in the urine.Perform gluconeogenesis.Secrete hormones.The kidneys filter blood, remove waste, maintain blood pressure, balance electrolytes, and stimulate red blood cell production but do not produce non-renal hormones like insulin.
The main functions of the kidneys are to filter the blood, remove wastes, and regulate vital substances in the body. The kidneys work to maintain blood pressure, balance electrolytes, and stimulate the production of red blood cells through the secretion of erythropoietin. However, what is not a function of the kidneys is the production of hormones that control non-renal functions such as insulin, which regulates glucose levels in the body.
Some diseases can impact the kidney's ability to perform these functions effectively, leading to the need for medical interventions like dialysis. Dialysis is a procedure that mimics the kidneys' filtering function when they are no longer capable of doing this sufficiently on their own.
There are 40 individuals in population 1, all with genotype A1A1, and there are 25 individuals in population 2, all with genotype A2A2. Assume that these populations are located far from each other and that their environmental conditions are very similar. Based on the information given here, the observed genetic variation is most likely an example of:
a. genetic drift.
b. gene flow.
c. disruptive selection.
d. discrete variation.
e. directional selection.
Answer:
Genetic drift
Explanation:
Genetic drift can also be referred to as allelic drift, it refers to the variation in allelic frequencies within a particular population over a period of time. It can also be referred to as the random fluctuations in the number of genotypes within a population. Genetic drift is not influenced by the environment and is usually more pronounced in a small population of organisms.
For example, a population of birds can consist of green feathers and blue feathers with the green feathers as the dominant allele, but as a result of random fluctuations, the offspring may all be with green feathers and hence could eliminate or reduce the allele responsible for blue feathers over time.
Widows peak is dominant to no widows peak. Determine the genotype and phenotype ratios for a homozygous dominant female and a homozygous recessive male
Answer:
All children will have genotype Ww and phenotype widow's peak.
Explanation:
Widow's peak (W) is dominant over no widow's peak (w). So,
WW, Ww = widow's peak
ww = no widow's peak
Female = homozygous dominant = WW
Male = homozygous recessive = ww
WW X ww :
W W
w Ww Ww
w Ww Ww
All the children will have genotype Ww and phenotype widow's peak.
A homozygous dominant female (WW) and a homozygous recessive male (ww) will have offspring with a genotype ratio of 1:0:0 (WW:Ww:ww) and a phenotype ratio of 1:0 (widow's peak:no widow's peak). This is because the dominant trait (widow's peak) will be expressed in all offspring.
Explanation:In this scenario, widow's peak is the dominant trait, which is symbolized by 'W', while no widow's peak is the recessive trait, symbolized by 'w'. For the homozygous dominant female, the genotype will be 'WW' and her phenotype will display a widow's peak. Conversely, a homozygous recessive male will carry the 'ww' genotype and his phenotype will display no widow's peak.
When these two mate, all offspring will carry one allele from each parent. All genotypes will therefore be 'Ww', yielding a genotype ratio of 1:0:0 (WW:Ww:ww). The phenotype ratio will be 1:0 (widow's peak:no widow's peak), because the dominant trait of widow's peak will be expressed in all offspring, while the recessive trait, no widow's peak, will not appear.
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The food web above represents feeding relationships in a biological community near a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Hydrothermal vents are geysers on the seafloor that gush super-heated, mineral-rich water. The seawater surrounding hydrothermal vents typically contains carbon dioxide (CO2), molecular hydrogen (H2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and methane (CH4). Sunlight, however, fails to reach the seafloor where deep-sea hydrothermal vents are located.
As part of an investigation, researchers collected living specimens from an area near a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. Mussels in the collection were found to be dependent on molecular hydrogen in seawater. Also, the researchers discovered multiple species of bacteria living in the gills of the mussels. Mussels use gills for filter-feeding and gas exchange with the surrounding seawater. On the basis of their experimental results, the researchers hypothesized that some bacteria living in the gills of the mussels are capable of chemosynthesis. Which of the following best explains how biological communities near deep-sea hydrothermal vents can exist in a habitat lacking sunlight?
Answer: the bacteria in the habitat are the primary producer that relies on chemosynthesis (ability of organisms to produce their own food by anabolism of chemicals). Due to the the presence of h2S (hydrogen sulphide), the organisms are most probably Sulphur bacteria, liberating hydrogen as by products. This ability means that the bacteria can flourish without sunlight. The mussel are the secondary filter that feeds on the flourishing bacteria population. This build up to form a community whose primary energy source is from the minerals liberated by the vent and hence doesn't require sunlight.
Answer:Some organisms rely on energy captured from inorganic compounds to drive basic biological processes.
Explanation:
The method of protecting an embryo from dehydration is due to the evolution of the _______
Which process would most likely cause the most dramatic weathering?
A. rain and runoff
B. snow and melting
C. rain and evaporation
D. freezing and thawing
Answer:
hi! your answer should be (D.) freezing and thawing
Answer:
(D.) freezing and thawing
Explanation:
Which is the best example of physical weathering? *
A) The cracking of rock caused by the freezing and thawing of water
B) The transportation of sediment in a stream
C) The reaction of limestone with acid rainwater
D) The formation of a sandbar along the side of a stream
Answer:
Which is the best example of physical weathering?
The cracking of rock caused by the freezing and thawing of water
Explanation:
The cracking of rock caused by the freezing and thawing of water is the best example of physical weathering
Which statement best describes
the streams on either side of the
Great Divide?
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Edge 2021
As Marie rounded the corner, she saw that people were already boarding her bus. Worried that she would miss her ride to campus, she sprinted to the bus stop. In what order were skeletal muscles recruited during her sprint?
Explanation:
There are three types of skeletal muscles in the body
Slow oxidative muscles have a high supply of oxygen and use aerobic respiration, contain a high supply of myoglobin; use triglycerides as the main supply of fuel and fatigue very slowly, have a low contractile velocity and break down ATP slowlyThey have a small muscle fiber diameter and therefore produce a low contractile forceSlow oxidative muscles are used mainly in long-distance activities such as running a marathonThey are found in places in the body that require a great deal of support, such as back and upper legsFast oxidative muscles use aerobic respiration and contain a high amount of oxygen, myoglobin and mitochondria, but they break down ATP quickly and therefore contract quicklyThey have a medium diameter, which means that that the contraction force is greater than in slow oxidative musclesThe main fuel source is glycogenFast oxidative muscles fatigue a bit more quickly then slow oxidative and are used in middle distance events, such as running or swimming Fast glycolytic fibers primarily use anaerobic glycolysis as their ATP sourceThey have a large diameter and possess large volumes of glycogen which is used in glycolysis to generate ATP quicklyFast glycolytic fibers fatigue quickly, permitting them to only be used for short periodsSo,during sprint skeletal muscles follow the order as: There are three types of skeletal muscles in the body
Final answer:
During Marie's sprint, her skeletal muscle recruitment starts with motor neuron activation, first engaging slow-twitch fibers and then rapidly recruiting fast-twitch fibers for explosive power, sustained by ATP from anaerobic respiration.
Explanation:
During Marie's sprint to the bus stop, the skeletal muscles in her legs were recruited in a specific order to facilitate fast and powerful movement. Initially, her brain sent a signal through her motor neurons to engage the muscles. The process begins with the recruitment of type II fibers, which are fast-twitch muscle fibers. These fibers are responsible for the explosive strength needed for a sprint and are activated when quick, forceful contractions are necessary.
Recruitment of muscle fibers follows the size principle, starting with the smaller slow-twitch fibers (type I) which are engaged during lower intensity, endurance activities as they are more fatigue-resistant. However, as the demand for force increases quickly, like when Marie needed to sprint, the larger fast-twitch fibers are recruited. This would include, in the legs, muscles such as the quadriceps, hamstrings, gastrocnemius, and gluteus maximus.
Marie's skeletal muscle recruitment would have followed this sequence: motor neuron activation, activation of type I fibers, followed by the rapid recruitment of type II fibers. Throughout her sprint, muscle contraction would be sustained by ATP produced via anaerobic respiration due to the high-intensity nature of the activity.
which of the following processes results in adaption
1)natural selection
2)genetic drift
3)nonrandom mating
4)migration
5)mutation
Answer:
1. Natural Selection
Explanation:
Explain how the musculoskeletal system maintains homeostasis.
Answer:
Skeletal muscles generate heat. Muscle contraction requires energy and produces heat as a byproduct of metabolism.
Explanation:
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If you removed mutualistic ants from acacia trees, there would be Group of answer choices more atmospheric nitrogen available to acacia. less atmospheric nitrogen available to acacia. fewer herbivorous insects on the acacia. more herbivorous insects on the acacia. Next
Removing mutualistic ants from acacia trees would result in more herbivorous insects on the acacia as the ants protect the trees by attacking leaf-eating organisms. Hence, the last option is correct.
More herbivorous insects on the acacia is seen because the ants have a symbiotic relationship with the acacia trees where they provide protection against herbivores. The acacia trees offer shelter and food to the ants, while the ants defend the trees by stinging and attacking leaf-eating organisms. In such a mutualistic relationship, the removal of one partner often results in negative consequences for the other, in this case, an increase in herbivorous insects that would otherwise be kept at bay by the ants.
In order to perform this experiment what two experimental factors were kept constant
This is an internal support structure of an animal that gives the body structure and shape?
Answer:
skeleton
Explanation:
Answer:
Endoskeleton the answer above is corrects but not specific.
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What are the types of symmetry?
A) proto- and deutero-
B) bilateral and radial
C) psuedo- and true
D) endo- and ecto-
Answer:
the answer is B
Answer:
bilateral and radial
In the Congo, 4% of newborns have sickle-cell disease, a recessive trait. In a population of 1000 individuals, how many would you expect to be homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive (SS, Ss, ss)?
Answer:
Homozygous dominant would be 480.
Heterozygous would be 480.
Homozygous recessive would be 40.
Explanation:
In order to find how many would have the disease (homozygous recessive) you would have to multiply the population by the percentage affected (4% or .04). Then subtract 40 from 1000 and get 960. Then you divide that by 2 and get 480.
There are approximately 1 million ants for every how many people on the planet?
A brown fruit fly was crossed with a black fruit fly as shown below. What is the probability of a resulting offspring being black?
A.
100%
B.
75%
C.
25%
D.
50%
Answer:
B 75%
Explanation:
What happens to the nitrogen when organisms die?
Final answer:
When organisms die, the nitrogen in their bodies is released through decomposition and can be recycled back into the environment through various processes.
Explanation:
When organisms die, the nitrogen in their bodies is released through the process of decomposition. Decomposers, such as bacteria and fungi, break down the organic compounds in dead organisms and release nitrogen in the form of ammonium ions into the soil. This ammonium can then be absorbed by plant roots or converted into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria in the soil. Ultimately, this nitrogen can be recycled back into the atmosphere through the process of denitrification, where bacteria convert nitrates back into nitrogen gas.
Can anyone pls do this if you did 8th-grade science enginuity lab report
Answer:
do what exactly? ask a question if you need help
Male peacocks have tail feathers that make up 60% of their body length. During the mating season they fan their tails and shake these feathers in front of females. Females evaluate the tail-shaking behavior as part of selecting their mate. Which behavior is most likely to have been the original behavior that, through natural selection, resulted in this mate choice behavior of tail shaking?
1. head movement to make eye contact
2. involuntary muscle contraction such as shivering
3. sound production with the larynx flight
4. grooming feathers with the beak
Based on the article, which statement accurately describes garlic mustard and trillium in the forest?
( 1 ) Trillium and garlic mustard are both native plats.
( 2 )Trillium is a native plant, and garlic mustard is an invasive plant.
( 3 )Trillium is an invasive plant, and garlic mustard is a native plant.
( 4 )Trillium and garlic mustard are both invasive plants.
The answer is number ( 2 ).
Answer:
For the answer is 2, or for people who don't know what number are it is b.
Explanation:
Trillium is a native plant, and garlic mustard is an invasive plant.
What is Trillium?Trillium is a genus of herbaceous perennial flowering plants native to temperate regions of North America and Asia. The plants are commonly known as trilliums or wake robins, and are well known for their distinctive three-petaled flowers, which are typically white, pink, or red in color.
Trilliums typically grow in wooded areas and are often found in large colonies. They are important components of temperate forest ecosystems, providing food and habitat for a variety of animals, including insects, birds, and small mammals. Trilliums are also highly valued by wildflower enthusiasts and are widely cultivated for their attractive flowers and foliage.
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Which organelle has the same function as the digestive system?
There is a type of algae that lives in the cells of corals. These algae process carbon through photosynthesis and pass it on to corals in the form of glucose
These algae process carbon through photosynthesis and pass it on to corals in the form of glucose, a sugar that provides the energy corals need
If global warming continues, corals will continue to expel the algae from their cells to avoid poisonous build up. This will cause corals to die. Without corals, the algae are not protected and cannot perform photosynthesis. This will cause the algae to die as well.
3 interesting facts about down syndrome
Answer:
There are three different types
In the U.S, black or African American infants with Down syndrome have a lower chance of surviving beyond their first year of life than other races
There are more than 400,000 people living with Down syndrome in the U.S
Explanation:
Final answer:
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. It is the most common chromosomal disorder and affects approximately 1 in every 700 babies. People with Down syndrome can lead fulfilling lives and make valuable contributions to society.
Explanation:
Down syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21. Some interesting facts about Down syndrome include:
An individual with Down syndrome has 47 total chromosomes, instead of the usual 46.Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal disorder, affecting approximately 1 in every 700 babies born.People with Down syndrome can lead fulfilling lives and make valuable contributions to society with the right support and opportunities.What is a cell feature that distinguishes a colonial organism from a multicellular organism
Answer:
The difference between a multicellular organism and a colonial organism is that the individual organisms that form a colony or biofilm can, if separated, survive on their own, while cells from a multicellular organism (e.g., liver cells) cannot.
Explanation:
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Individual organisms from a colony or biofilm can survive on their own if they are separated, whereas cells from a multicellular organism cannot. This is the distinction between a multicellular organism and a colonial organism.
What is colonial organism?A colony in biology is made up of two or more conspecific individuals that coexist or are related to one another.
There are advantages for both parties to this connection, such as improved defense or the capacity to assault larger prey.
Multiple independent unicellular creatures make up a colony. All multicellular organisms are interdependent.
Cells from a multicellular organism cannot survive on their own if they are separated, in contrast to individual organisms from a colony or biofilm. This distinguishes a colony organism from a multicellular creature.
Thus, this is the difference between a colonial organism and a multicellular organism.
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Chlorophyll molecules are in which part of the chloroplast?
Answer:
thylakoid membrane
Explanation:
The green pigment chlorophyll is located within the thylakoid membrane, and the space between the thylakoid and the chloroplast membranes is called the stroma
Chlorophyll molecules, which are key in photosynthesis, are located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. They absorb light to initiate the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.
Explanation:Chlorophyll molecules are located in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. The thylakoid membrane is a system of interconnected discs where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur. These reactions convert light energy into chemical energy, specifically ATP and NADPH, which are then used in the Calvin cycle in the stroma of the chloroplast to create glucose. The chlorophyll in the thylakoid membrane absorbs light and uses that energy to initiate photosynthesis.
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Which of the following pairs is mismatched? Select one: a. endoderm - bone b. mesoderm - muscle c. ectoderm - skin d. neuroectoderm - nervous system e. neural crest cells - peripheral nervous system, skin pigment, tissues of the face
Answer: a. endoderm-bone
Explanation: In the context of embryonic development, bone tissue may arise from several precursor cell populations, such as the neural crest (some facial bones), lateral mesoderm (bones of the limbs, among others), and paraxial mesoderm (vertebrae and part of the skull). There is no evidence to suggest that any of the bony structures is derived from the endoderm germ layer.
Pepsinogen is produced by __________ and is activated by __________
Answer:
The correct answer is "Chief cells; hydrochloric acid secreted by parietal cells".
Explanation:
Pepsinogen is produced by chief cells in the gastric system. Pepsinogen is a precursor of pepsin, a powerful digestive enzyme that is activated when pepsinogen is exposed to gastric acid in the gastric lumen. This gastric acid is actually hydrochloric acid that is secreted by parietal cells, which are epithelial cells located in the gastric glands.
The rate of osmosis across a cell membrane depends upon which of the following? I: Intracellular solute concentration II: Extracellular solute concentration III: Polarity of solutes IV: Molecular weight of solutes V: The presence of aquaporins
Answer:
aquaporins
Explanation:
aquaporins are channel proteins that allow water to flow through a membrane. The rate of osmosis depends on ratio of intracellular to extracellular concentration as well as the presence of aquaporins in the cell membrane
The rate of osmosis across a cell membrane depends on the following :
Intracellular solute concentration ( I )Extracellular solute concentration ( II )The presence of aquaporins ( V )Osmosis is the diffusion of water or liquid solvents through a semi-permeable membrane. the semi-permeable membrane prevents the passage of solutes during osmosis.
The rate of osmosis depends on the concentration of solute present in the solvent, inside and outside the cell. while the presence of aquaporins also improves the rate of osmosis as it aids the flow of the solvent through the semi-permeable membrane. while
The polarity of solutes does not affect the rate of osmosis as the rate of osmosis is dependent on concentration gradient and not polarity of solutes. the molecular weight of solutes does not have a significant effect on the rate of osmosis as well.
we can conclude that the intercellular, extracellular solute concentration and the presence of aquaporins have significant effect on the rate of osmosis across a cell membrane.
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