what is rolling friction

To determine the total force exerted on the diver, multiply the pressure (in pascals) by the surface area. The total force is 303,000 newtons.

To calculate the total force exerted by the water on a diver who is 10.0 meters underwater, we need to apply the concept of pressure which is defined as force per unit area. Given the pressure experienced by the diver is 202 kPa and the diver's surface area is 1.50 meters squared, we can use the formula Force = Pressure × Area.

First, we need to convert the pressure from kilopascals to pascals since one kilopascal equals 1,000 pascals:

202 kPa × 1,000 = 202,000 Pa

Then, we multiply the pressure by the diver's surface area to find the total force:

Total Force = 202,000 Pa × 1.50 m² = 303,000 N

Therefore, the water pushes on the diver with a total force of 303,000 newtons.

The action force in this scenario is earth pushes back on the exhaust gases.

The action force in this scenario is option C: earth pushes back on the exhaust gases.

Newton's third law states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In this case, the action force is the exhaust gases pushing downward on the earth as the rocket launches. The reaction force is the earth pushing back on the exhaust gases with an equal force in the opposite direction.

So, while the rocket is traveling upward, the action force is the exhaust gases pushing downward on the earth and the reaction force is the earth pushing back on the exhaust gases.

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Answer:

Giant stars differ from main sequence stars in having greater absolute magnitudes for the same temperatures.

Final answer:

The kinetic energy of the teddy bear at the point of impact is calculated using the conservation of energy principle, which yields 22.883 Joules.

Explanation:

The question asks for the kinetic energy of a 0.70 kg teddy bear at the instant it hits the ground after falling from a window sill 3.35 m high. To solve this, we can use the principle of conservation of energy, specifically that the potential energy of the teddy bear at the height from which it is dropped is fully converted into kinetic energy at the moment it hits the ground.

The formula for kinetic energy (KE) is KE = 1/2 m v^2, where m is mass and v is velocity.

However, since the velocity at the moment of impact is not directly provided, we use the gravitational potential energy formula :

PE = mgh, where g is the acceleration due to gravity 9.8 m/s2 and h is the height to find the energy involved.

Because PE at the height is equal to KE at the ground, KE = mgh. Substituting the given values: KE = 0.70 kg * 9.8 m/s2 * 3.35 m.

Thus, the kinetic energy at the instant the teddy bear hits the ground is 22.883 J (Joules).

Solution: (i) Density (ii) thermal

Liquids at lower temperatures have greater density when compared to liquids at higher temperatures.This is because, at higher temperatures, molecules have greater kinetic energy and hence they are spaced farther apart, when compared to molecules at lower temperatures. Thus, the colder layers of liquids are heavier than the warmer layers, which causes then to move down due to gravity. For the same reason, the hotter layers move upwards through the liquid.

When a liquid is heated, the molecules closest to the heat source have greater energy, their density becomes less and they move upwards. The colder layers sink downwards. The layers of the liquid which were cold initially, get heated and they travel upwards. As the process repeats, convection currents are set up in the liquid.

These currents transfer the thermal energy derived from the source throughout the liquid. The process stops when the entire liquid is at the same temperature.

Thus, convection currents occur in liquids due to temperature and density differences. Convection currents transfer thermal energy throughout a fluid.

Convection currents occur in fluids because of temperature and density differences. Convection currents transfer thermal energy throughout a fluid. They continue until all of the fluid is at the same temperature.

As we know about the relationship between kinetic energy and density. Density is inversely proportional to the temperature while the temperature is directly proportional to kinetic energy showing that kinetic energy is inversely proportional to density.

This is because, at higher temperatures, molecules have greater kinetic energy and the colder layer has less density than the hotter layer due to the density difference under the influence of density the colder layer moves downward resulting in the setup of convective heat transfer.

Due to the movement of molecules and its process repetition and temperature difference convective current transfer takes place and it will continue until the equilibrium process is not achieved.

Hence it shows the relationship between temperature and density. density is inversely proportional to the temperature.

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Geometric shape tools help you draw circles and rectangles. Option B is correct.

Graphic design is the practice of using words, pictures, and other visual elements to communicate ideas to an audience, often in order to achieve a certain result.

In other words, graphic design serves as a tool for communicating ideas through imagery and design.

For those with imaginative thinking skills who appreciate art, technology, and communication, graphic design is a terrific job.

Every business has a need for design, therefore graphic designers have a lot of opportunities to work on a variety of brand-new, fascinating projects.

You can draw circles and rectangles using geometric form tools.

Hence, option B is correct.

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The average current supplied to the house in one hour can be found by dividing the energy supplied by the voltage. In this case, the average current is 5 Amperes.

To find the average current supplied to the house, we can use the equation: I = Q / t, where I is the current, Q is the charge, and t is the time. In this case, the energy supplied is 18,000,000 J, so we can find the charge using the equation: Q = E / V, where E is the energy and V is the voltage. Given that the time is 1 hour, we can calculate the average current using the equation: I = Q / t.

First, we need to convert the energy from joules to kilowatt-hours: 1 kWh = 3,600,000 J. So, the energy supplied to the house is 5 kWh.

The average current can now be calculated as follows: I = E / V = 5 kWh / 1 hour = 5 A. Therefore, the average current supplied to the house in that hour is 5 Amperes.

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By rearranging the formula for gravitational potential energy, we calculate that the mass of the apple is approximately 0.2041 kg when its potential energy is 6.00 joules at a height of 3.00 meters.

To calculate the mass of the apple using its potential energy (PE) and the height (h) at which it is located, we use the formula for gravitational potential energy:

PE = mgh

where:

Given that PE = 6.00 Joules and h = 3.00 meters, we rearrange the formula to solve for m:

m = PE / (gh)

Substituting in the known values:

m = 6.00 J / (9.8 m/s² * 3.00 m) = 0.2041 kg

Therefore, the mass of the apple is approximately 0.2041 kg.

Answer:

F = v / w

Air: 343m/s  /  2.0 m = 171.5/s

Helium: 1007m/s / 2.0 m = 503.5/s

Carbon Dioxide: 267m/s  /  2.0 m = 133.5 /s

Explanation:

Whale songs in an ocean in sound waves frequencies between 30 Hertz (Hz) and around 8,000 Hz (8 kHZ).

The sound is described in physics as: a pressure wave of vibration that travels through a gas, liquid, or solid medium and is audible.

Moans, groans, grunts, blasts, and shrieks are made by humpback whales. Sound waves make up each section of their song. These sound waves include some high frequency ones. These noises would resemble tall, sharp mountains if you could see them. Low frequency sound waves are also emitted by whales. These waves resemble far-flung hills in their spacing. Without losing energy, these sound waves can travel a great distance through water. Various of these low frequency sounds, according to researchers, can travel more than 10,000 miles in some ocean depths.

Hertz units are used to measure sound frequency. Whales use frequencies between 30 Hertz (Hz) and around 8,000 Hz (8 kHZ). The whales' songs are only partially audible to humans.

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Final answer:

Whale songs in the ocean are sound waves, specifically low-frequency aural signals that can travel vast distances underwater, facilitated by the SOFAR channel. Unfortunately, noise pollution seriously impacts these marine communications.

Explanation:

The whale songs that are transmitted in the ocean are a form of sound waves. These low-frequency sound waves are capable of traveling long distances underwater, allowing whales to communicate over hundreds of kilometers. This is possible due to the unique properties of water, especially in a layer known as the SOFAR channel, where sound speed is the slowest and allows for minimal attenuation of these aural signals.

However, contemporary issues such as noise pollution from ships pose a threat to this natural communication system, substantially reducing the ability of cetaceans to transmit their songs over long distances.

Final answer:

In this scenario, the work done by the external agent can be calculated using the change in volume, and no heat is exchanged during this process.

Explanation:

Work: In the given scenario, since the gas volume doubles at constant temperature, the work done by the external agent can be calculated using the formula W = -PΔV, where P is the pressure and ΔV is the change in volume.

Heat Transfer: As the gas volume doubles at constant temperature, no heat is exchanged during this process. Hence, the heat exchanged is zero.

The answers are a,b and d

Answer: A, B, and D

The minimum amount of energy required to move the satellite from its orbit to a location very far away from Earth is approximately [tex]\( 6.245 \times 10^{11} \, \text{J} \)[/tex]

To move a satellite from a stable orbit around the Earth to a location very far away, such as into deep space, we need to provide enough energy to overcome the gravitational pull of the Earth and to accelerate the satellite to a speed sufficient to escape Earth's gravitational field entirely. This energy required to escape Earth's gravitational field is called the escape velocity.

The escape velocity, [tex]\( v_{\text{escape}} \)[/tex], is given by the formula:

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} = \sqrt{\frac{2GM}{R}} \][/tex]

Where:

- [tex]\( G \)[/tex] is the gravitational constant [tex](\( 6.67430 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{m}^3/\text{kg/s}^2 \))[/tex],

- [tex]\( M \)[/tex] is the mass of the Earth [tex](\( 5.972 \times 10^{24} \, \text{kg} \))[/tex],

- [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is the distance from the center of the Earth to the satellite's initial orbit.

The minimum amount of energy required to move the satellite from its orbit to a location very far away would be the kinetic energy required to achieve this escape velocity.

The kinetic energy [tex]\( KE \)[/tex] required to achieve a velocity [tex]\( v \)[/tex] for an object of mass [tex]\( m \)[/tex] is given by the formula:

[tex]\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 \][/tex]

Therefore, to calculate the minimum energy required, we need to find the escape velocity and then calculate the kinetic energy corresponding to that velocity.

Keep in mind that in real-world scenarios, additional energy may be required to maneuver the satellite and account for factors such as atmospheric drag and gravitational influences from other celestial bodies. However, for the sake of simplicity, we will focus on the minimum energy required to achieve escape velocity from Earth's gravity.

Let's proceed with the calculations using the known values for [tex]\( G \)[/tex], [tex]\( M \)[/tex], and [tex]\( R \)[/tex].

Let's calculate the escape velocity [tex]\( v_{\text{escape}} \)[/tex] first:

Given:

- [tex]\( G = 6.67430 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{m}^3/\text{kg/s}^2 \)[/tex],

- [tex]\( M = 5.972 \times 10^{24} \, \text{kg} \)[/tex],

- [tex]\( R \)[/tex] (distance from the center of the Earth to the satellite's initial orbit).

Assuming the satellite is in a low Earth orbit, where [tex]\( R \)[/tex] is approximately the radius of the Earth, [tex]\( R \approx 6.371 \times 10^6 \, \text{m} \)[/tex].

Let's calculate [tex]\( v_{\text{escape}} \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times 6.67430 \times 10^{-11} \times 5.972 \times 10^{24}}{6.371 \times 10^6}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times 6.67430 \times 5.972}{6.371}} \times 10^{11} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} = \sqrt{\frac{2 \times 39.83416}{6.371}} \times 10^{11} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} = \sqrt{\frac{79.66832}{6.371}} \times 10^{11} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} \approx \sqrt{12.513} \times 10^{11} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v_{\text{escape}} \approx 3.537 \times 10^4 \, \text{m/s} \][/tex]

Now, we'll calculate the kinetic energy [tex]\( KE \)[/tex] required to achieve this velocity using the formula:

[tex]\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} m v_{\text{escape}}^2 \][/tex]

Given that the mass m, of the satellite is not specified, we'll assume a typical satellite mass of [tex]\( 1000 \, \text{kg} \)[/tex] for illustrative purposes.

[tex]\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} \times 1000 \times (3.537 \times 10^4)^2 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ KE = \frac{1}{2} \times 1000 \times 1.249 \times 10^9 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ KE \approx 6.245 \times 10^{11} \, \text{J} \][/tex]

So, the minimum amount of energy required to move the satellite from its orbit to a location very far away from Earth is approximately [tex]\( 6.245 \times 10^{11} \, \text{J} \)[/tex].

The minimum amount of energy required to move the satellite very far away from earth is approximately 3.124 x 10¹³ Joules.

To find the minimum amount of energy required to move a satellite from its orbit to a location very far away from Earth (essentially to infinity), we need to calculate the difference in gravitational potential energy between its current orbit and a point infinitely far away.

The satellite has a mass m, the Earth has a mass M, and the radius of the Earth is R. The distance of the satellite from the center of the Earth is 2R. The gravitational potential energy U of the satellite in its current orbit is given by:

[tex]U = -\frac{G \cdot M \cdot m}{2R}[/tex]

where G is the gravitational constant (6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ Nm²/kg²).

At a distance infinitely far away, the gravitational potential energy U∞ is zero because the gravitational influence of the Earth becomes negligible:

U∞ = 0

The minimum energy ΔE required to move the satellite from its orbit to infinity is the difference in gravitational potential energy:

[tex]\Delta E = U_\infty - U = 0 - \left(-\frac{G \cdot M \cdot m}{2R}\right) = \frac{G \cdot M \cdot m}{2R}[/tex]

In numerical terms, for a 1000 kg satellite, Earth's mass M = 5.97 × 10²⁴kg, and Earth’s radius R = 6.371 × 10⁶ m, the energy required is:

[tex]\Delta E = \frac{(6.67 \times 10^{-11} \, \text{Nm}^2/\text{kg}^2) \times (5.97 \times 10^{24} \, \text{kg}) \times (1000 \, \text{kg})}{2 \times 6.371 \times 10^{6} \, \text{m}}[/tex]

[tex]&= \frac{(6.67 \times 5.97 \times 1000) \times 10^{-11 + 24 + 3}}{2 \times 6.371 \times 10^{6}} \\[/tex]

[tex]&= \frac{39819.9 \times 10^{16}}{12.742 \times 10^6} \\[/tex]

[tex]&= \frac{39819.9}{12.742} \times 10^{16 - 6} \\[/tex]

[tex]&= 3.124 \times 10^{13} \, \text{Nm}[/tex]

After calculation, the minimum energy required is approximately 3.124 x 10¹³ Joules.

Answer:

Q = m x C x T

C = Q / m x T

C = 3.25 x 10^3 /0.5kg  x  50K = 130 J/kgK

The substance is gold.

Explanation:

Answer:

negative exccalarion

Explanation:

The average translational kinetic energy, or thermal energy, of a molecule can be found using the equation KE = 3/2kT. For one mole of gas at 827K, you multiply the single particle kinetic energy by Avogadro's number. For a single gas molecule at 827K, add its temperature into the equation to find its kinetic energy.

The average translational kinetic energy of a molecule, also known as thermal energy, can be calculated using the equation KE = 3/2kT, where 'k' is the Boltzmann's constant (1.38 x 10^-23 J/K), 'T' is the absolute temperature in Kelvin, and KE is the average kinetic energy.

Now to calculate for one mole of gas at 827 K, multiply the single particle kinetic energy by Avogadro's number since one mole consists of Avogadro's number of particles. Hence, KE of one mole= NA * KE of one particle = 6.022 x 10^23 * KE of one particle. This answers the first part of your question.

In the case of a single gas molecule, using the temperature of 827 K, substitute this into the equation KE = 3/2kT to find the kinetic energy for an individual molecule. Remember the unit for your answer is Joules. This addresses the second part of your question.

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Final answer:

The correct word equation to calculate the acceleration of an object is to subtract the initial velocity from the final velocity and then divide the result by the time.

Explanation:

To calculate the acceleration of an object, you would use the following word equation: Subtract the initial velocity from the final velocity and divide the result by the time. This represents the average acceleration, where acceleration is defined as the change in velocity (∆v) divided by the change in time (∆t).

It is crucial to ensure that all units are consistent, typically using meters for distance and seconds for time. An example of calculating acceleration would be: If an object's initial velocity is 5 m/s, its final velocity is 20 m/s, and the time taken to change velocity is 3 seconds, the acceleration a is (20 - 5) / 3 = 15 / 3 = 5 .