Answer:
The wave length is [tex]3.885\times10^{-13}\ m[/tex]
Explanation:
Given that,
Energy = 10 Mev
We need to calculate the wavelength
Using formula of debroglie wave length
[tex]\lambda=\dfrac{h}{\sqrt{2mE}}[/tex]
Where, h = Planck constant
E = energy
m = mass
Put the value into the formula
[tex]\lambda =\dfrac{6.634\times10^{-34}}{\sqrt{2\times9.11\times10^{-31}\times10\times10^{6}\times1.6\times10^{-19}}}[/tex]
[tex]\lambda=3.885\times10^{-13}\ m[/tex]
Hence, The wave length is [tex]3.885\times10^{-13}\ m[/tex]
If a 2 x 10^-4C test charge is given 6.5J of energy, determine the electric potential difference.
Answer:
The electric potential difference is 32500 volt.
Explanation:
Given that,
Charge[tex]q=2\times10^{-4}C[/tex]
Energy = 6.5 J
We need to calculate the electric potential difference
Potential difference :
Potential difference is equal to the energy divide by charge.
Using formula of potential difference
[tex]V=\dfrac{E}{Q}[/tex]
[tex]V=\dfrac{6.5}{2\times10^{-4}}[/tex]
[tex]V=32500\ volt[/tex]
Hence, The electric potential difference is 32500 volt.
The electric potential difference is 32,500 volts.
Explanation:To determine the electric potential difference, we can use the formula:
V = ΔE / q
where V is the electric potential difference, ΔE is the energy and q is the test charge. In this case, the energy given is 6.5J and the test charge is 2 x 10-4C. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
V = 6.5J / (2 x 10-4C)
V = 32,500V
Therefore, the electric potential difference is 32,500 volts.
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A superconducting solenoid is to be designed to have an interior field of 7.171 T with a maximum current of 1000 A. The permeability of free space is 1.25664 × 10−6 T · m/A. How many windings are required on a 1- meter solenoid length?
Answer:
5706.5
Explanation:
B = 7.171 T, i = 1000 A, μ0 = 1.25664 x 10^-6 T m/A, l = 1 m
Let the number of turns be N.
The magnetic field due to a current carrying solenoid is given by
B = μ0 x N x i / l
B x l / (μ0 x i) = N
N = 7.171 x 1 / (1.25664 x 10^-6 x 1000)
N = 5706.5
To design a superconducting solenoid that generates an interior field of 7.171 T with a maximum current of 1000 A, approximately 5709 turns per meter are required on a 1-meter length of the solenoid.
Explanation:To determine the number of windings required on a 1-meter solenoid to achieve a magnetic field of 7.171 T with a maximum current of 1000 A, we can use the formula for the magnetic field inside a solenoid, which is given by:
B = μ_0 * n * I
Where:
B is the magnetic field inside the solenoidμ_0 is the permeability of free space (μ_0 = 1.25664 × 10⁻⁶ T · m/A)n is the number of turns per meterI is the current through the solenoidRearranging the formula to solve for n, we get:
n = B / (μ_0 * I)
Substituting the given values:
n = 7.171 T / (1.25664 × 10⁻⁶ T · m/A × 1000 A)
Now, calculating the value:
n = 7.171 / (1.25664 × 10⁻⁶ × 1000)
n = 7.171 / (1.25664 × 10⁻³)
n = 5708.57 turns per meter
To achieve the desired magnetic field, the solenoid must have approximately 5709 turns per meter to accommodate the rounding to the nearest whole number, since we can't have a fraction of a turn.
A tennis ball is thrown from a 25 m tall building with a zero initial velocity. At the same moment, another ball is thrown from the ground vertically upward with an initial velocity of 17 m/s. At which height will the two balls meet?
Answer:
The two balls meet in 1.47 sec.
Explanation:
Given that,
Height = 25 m
Initial velocity of ball= 0
Initial velocity of another ball = 17 m/s
We need to calculate the ball
Using equation of motion
[tex]s=ut+\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2+h[/tex]
Where, u = initial velocity
h = height
g = acceleration due to gravity
Put the value in the equation
For first ball
[tex]s_{1}=0-\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2+25[/tex]....(I)
For second ball
[tex]s_{2}=17t-\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2+0[/tex]....(II)
From equation (I) and (II)
[tex]-\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2+25=17t-\dfrac{1}{2}gt^2+0[/tex]
[tex]t=\dfrac{25}{17}[/tex]
[tex]t=1.47\ sec[/tex]
Hence, The two balls meet in 1.47 sec.
The two balls will meet at a height of approximately 16.465 meters above the ground.
To find the height at which the two balls meet, we need to consider their respective equations of motion and solve for the height when they intersect.
For the tennis ball thrown from the building:
[tex]\[ h_1(t) = 25 - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 \][/tex]
For the ball thrown from the ground:
[tex]\[ h_2(t) = 17t - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 \][/tex]
To find the time when they meet, we'll set:
[tex]\[ 25 - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 = 17t - \frac{1}{2} g t^2 \]\[ 25 = 17t \]\[ t = \frac{25}{17} \][/tex]
Now, substitute this value of \( t \) into either equation to find the height at which they meet:
[tex]\[ h_1\left(\frac{25}{17}\right) = 25 - \frac{1}{2} g \left(\frac{25}{17}\right)^2 \]\[ h_1\left(\frac{25}{17}\right) = 25 - \frac{1}{2} g \times \frac{625}{289} \]\[ h_1\left(\frac{25}{17}\right) = 25 - \frac{1}{2} \times 9.8 \times \frac{625}{289} \]\[ h_1\left(\frac{25}{17}\right) = 25 - \frac{1}{2} \times 17.07 \]\[ h_1\left(\frac{25}{17}\right) = 25 - 8.535 \]\[ h_1\left(\frac{25}{17}\right) = 16.465 \][/tex]
An adventurous archeologist (m = 80.5 kg) tries to cross a river by swinging from a vine. The vine is 11.0 m long, and his speed at the bottom of the swing is 7.80 m/s. The archeologist doesn't know that the vine has a breaking strength of 1,000 N. Does he make it safely across the river without falling in?
Answer:
He made it, he across safely the river without falling ing.
Explanation:
Vt= 7.8 m/s
r= 11m
m= 80.5 kg
Vt= ω * r
ω= 0.71 rad/s
ac= ω² * r
ac= 5.54 m/s²
F= m * ac
F= 445.97 N < 1,000 N
What is the volumetric flow rate if water is flowing at 3m/s through a 10cm diameter pipe?
Answer:
Volumetric flow rate = 0.024 m³/s
Explanation:
Volumetric flow rate = Discharge = Q
We have expression for discharge, Q = Area ( A) x Velocity (v)
Velocity , v = 3 m/s
[tex]\texttt{Area, A}=\frac{\pi d^2}{4}=\frac{\pi \times (10\times 10^{-2})^2}{4}=7.85\times 10^{-3}m^2[/tex]
Substituting
Discharge, Q =Av = 7.85 x 10⁻³ x 3 = 0.024 m³/s
Volumetric flow rate = 0.024 m³/s
In the pair of supply and demand equations below, where x represents the quantity demanded in units of a thousand and p the unit price in dollars, find the equilibrium quantity and the equilibrium price. p = −x2 − 3x + 80 and p = 7x + 5
In this exercise we have to use the knowledge of finance to calculate the equilibrium value and the quantity, so we have:
Equilibrium quantity = 5Equilibrium price = 40Organizing the information given in the statement we have:
p = -x²-3x+80p = 7x+5So equating the two given equations we have:
[tex]-x^2 - 3x + 80 = 7x+5\\x^2 +3x + 7x + 5 - 80 = 0\\x^2 + 10x - 75 = 0\\x^2- 5x + 15x -75 = 0\\x(x-5) + 15(x-5) = 0[/tex]
So we can see that the roots will be x = 5 and x = -15 since the quantity cannot be in negative therefore, the equilibrium quantity will be = 5 So replace that value at:
[tex]p = -(5)^2-3(5) + 80 = 40\\p = 7(5) + 5 = 40[/tex]
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A rock is dropped from the top of a tower. When it is 40 meters above the ground velocity of 17 m/s. When its velocity is 24 m/s, how far is it above the ground? Select one: O a. 29.4 meters o b. 25.4 meters o c. 33.3 meters d. 10.7 meters O e. 147 meters
Answer:
Option B is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Let us consider 40 meter above ground as origin.
Initial velocity = 17 m/s
Final velocity = 24 m/s
Acceleration = 9.81 m/s
We have equation of motion v² = u² + 2as
Substituting
24² = 17² + 2 x 9.81 x s
s = 14.63 m
Distance traveled by rock = 14.63 m down.
Height of rock from ground = 40 - 14.63 = 25.37 m = 25.4 m
Option B is the correct answer.
Two resistors, the first 12 ? and the second 6 2, are connected in parallel to a 48 V battery What is the power dissipated by each resistor? A) P1 144 W, P2-288 W B) P1-162 W, P2-324 W C) P1-180 W, P2-360 W D) P1-192 W, P2 384 W
Answer:
P₁ = 192 W and P₂ = 384 W
Explanation:
It is given that,
Resistor 1, [tex]R_1=12\ \Omega[/tex]
Resistor 2, [tex]R_1=6\ \Omega[/tex]
Voltage, V = 48 V
Power dissipated by resistor 1 is given by :
[tex]P_1=\dfrac{V^2}{R_1}[/tex]
[tex]P_1=\dfrac{(48)^2}{12}[/tex]
P₁ = 192 watts
Power dissipated by resistor 2 is given by :
[tex]P_2=\dfrac{V^2}{R_1}[/tex]
[tex]P_2=\dfrac{(48)^2}{6}[/tex]
P₂ = 384 watts
So, the power dissipated by both the resistors is 192 watts and 384 watts respectively. Hence, this is the required solution.
In a ballistic pendulum experiment, a small marble is fired into a cup attached to the end of a pendulum. If the mass of the marble is 0.0265 kg and the mass of the pendulum is 0.250 kg, how high will the pendulum swing if the marble has an initial speed of 5.05 m/s? Assume that the mass of the pendulum is concentrated at its end so that linear momentum is conserved during this collision.
Answer:
0.012 m
Explanation:
m = mass of the marble = 0.0265 kg
M = mass of the pendulum = 0.250 kg
v = initial velocity of the marble before collision = 5.05 m/s
V = final velocity of marble-pendulum combination after the collision = ?
using conservation of momentum
m v = (m + M) V
(0.0265) (5.05) = (0.0265 + 0.250) V
V = 0.484 m/s
h = height gained by the marble-pendulum combination
Using conservation of energy
Potential energy gained by the combination = Kinetic energy of the combination just after collision
(m + M) gh = (0.5) (m + M) V²
gh = (0.5) V²
(9.8) h = (0.5) (0.484)²
h = 0.012 m
Using the concept of inelastic collison and principle of conservation of momentum, the height of swing made by the pendulum would be 0.012 meters
Collison is inelastic :
m1v1 = (m1 + m2)vv = final velocity after the collision(0.0265 × 5.05) = (0.0265 + 0.250)v
0.133825 = 0.2765v
v = (0.133825 ÷ 0.2765)
v = 0.484 m/s
Final velocity after collision = 0.484 m/s
Assuming linear momentum is conserved :
Kinetic energy = Potential Energy0.5mv² = mgh
Mass cancels out
0.5v² = gh
0.5(0.484)² = 9.8h
9.8h = 0.1171
h = (0.1171) ÷ 9.8
h = 0.0119
Therefore, height of the swing made by the pendulum would be 0.012 meters.
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A falling baseball has an acceleration of magnitude 2.1 m/s2. What is its acceleration in feet per second squared?
Answer:
6.889 ft/s^2
Explanation:
1 m = 3.28 feet
So, 2.1 m/s^2 = 2.1 × 3.28 ft/s^2
= 6.889 ft/s^2
In his explanation of the threshold frequency in the photoelectric effect, Einstein reasoned that the absorbed photon must have a minimum energy to dislodge an electron from the metal surface. This energy is called the work function (φ) of the metal. Many calculators use photocells to provide their energy. Find the maximum wavelength needed to remove an electron from silver (φ = 7.59 × 10 −19 J).
Answer:
[tex]\lambda = 260.9nm[/tex]
Explanation:
As we know that work function is defined as the minimum energy of photons required to produce the photo electric effect
so here we have
[tex]\phi = \frac{hc}[\lambda}[/tex]
now we know that
[tex]h = 6.63\times 10^{-34}[/tex]
[tex]c = 3\times 10^8 m/s[/tex]
[tex]\lambda[/tex] = wavelength of photons
now from above formula
[tex]7.59 \times 10^{-19} = \frac{(6.36 \times 10^{-34})(3\times 10^8)}{\lambda}[/tex]
[tex]\lambda = \frac{(6.36 \times 10^{-34})(3\times 10^8)}{7.59 \times 10^{-19}}[/tex]
[tex]\lambda = 260.9nm[/tex]
A 10-g bullet moving horizontally with a speed of 1.8 km/s strikes and passes through a 5.0-kg block initially at rest on a horizontal frictionless surface. The bullet emerges from the block with a speed of 1.0 km/s. What is the kinetic energy of the block immediately after the bullet emerges? a. 8.0.J 6.4 J 5.3 J 9.4 J 10 J e.
Answer:
6.4 J
Explanation:
m = mass of the bullet = 10 g = 0.010 kg
v = initial velocity of bullet before collision = 1.8 km/s = 1800 m/s
v' = final velocity of the bullet after collision = 1 km/s = 1000 m/s
M = mass of the block = 5 kg
V = initial velocity of block before collision = 0 m/s
V' = final velocity of the block after collision = ?
Using conservation of momentum
mv + MV = mv' + MV'
(0.010) (1800) + (5) (0) = (0.010) (1000) + (5) V'
V' = 1.6 m/s
Kinetic energy of the block after the collision is given as
KE = (0.5) M V'²
KE = (0.5) (5) (1.6)²
KE = 6.4 J
Final answer:
Using the conservation of momentum, and given that the bullet exits the wooden block with a lower speed, we calculate the block's final speed to be 7.5 m/s after the bullet exits.
Explanation:
To solve this problem, we need to apply the law of conservation of momentum. The law states that if no external forces act on a system, the total momentum of the system remains constant, even though individual objects within the system might change velocities. In this case, the system is made up of the bullet and the wooden block. Before the collision, the block is at rest, so its initial momentum is 0. The bullet’s initial momentum is its mass times its velocity (momentum = mass × velocity). After the collision, the bullet exits the block with a lower speed, indicating that some of its momentum has been transferred to the block.
Step 1: Calculate the initial momentum of the bullet:
Initial momentum of the bullet = mass of bullet × initial velocity of bullet
= 0.05 kg × 500 m/s
= 25 kg·m/s
Step 2: Calculate the final momentum of the bullet:
Final momentum of the bullet = mass of bullet × final velocity of bullet
= 0.05 kg × 200 m/s
= 10 kg·m/s
Step 3: Calculate the change in momentum of the bullet:
Change in momentum = Initial momentum - Final momentum
Change in momentum = 25 kg·m/s - 10 kg·m/s
= 15 kg·m/s
Step 4: Calculate the final momentum of the block:
Since the block was initially at rest, its final momentum is equal to the change in momentum of the bullet (due to conservation of momentum). Therefore, the final momentum of the block is 15 kg·m/s.
Step 5: Calculate the final velocity of the block:
Using the final momentum and the mass of the block, we can find the final velocity:
Final velocity of the block = Final momentum of block / mass of block
= 15 kg·m/s / 2 kg
= 7.5 m/s
Thus, the speed of the block after the bullet has come out the other side is 7.5 m/s.
A vertical straight wire carrying an upward 28-A current exerts an attractive force per unit length of 7.83 X 10 N/m on a second parallel wire 7.0 cm away. What current (magnitude and direction) flows in the second wire?
Answer:
[tex]i_2 = 978750 A[/tex]
Since the force between wires is attraction type of force so current must be flowing in upward direction
Explanation:
Force per unit length between two current carrying wires is given by the formula
[tex]F = \frac{\mu_0 i_1 i_2}{2 \pi d}[/tex]
here we know that
[tex]F = 7.83 \times 10 N/m[/tex]
[tex]d = 7.0 cm = 0.07 m[/tex]
[tex]i_1 = 28 A[/tex]
now we will have
[tex]F = \frac{4\pi \times 10^{-7} (28.0)(i_2)}{2\pi (0.07)}[/tex]
[tex]7.83 \times 10 = \frac{2\times 10^{-7} (28 A)(i_2)}{0.07}[/tex]
[tex]i_2 = 978750 A[/tex]
Since the force between wires is attraction type of force so current must be flowing in upward direction
A diver can reduce her moment of inertia by a factor of about 3.5 when changing from the straight position to the tuck position. If she makes two rotations in 1.5 seconds when in the tuck position, what is her angular speed (rad/sec) when in the straight position?
Answer:
29.3 rad/s
Explanation:
Moment of inertia in straight position, I1 = I
He takes 2 rotations in 1.5 second
So, Time period, T = 1.5 / 2 = 0.75 second
w1 = 2 x 3.14 / T = 2 x 3.14 / 0.75 = 8.37 rad/s
Moment of inertia in tucked position, I2 = I / 3.5
Let the new angular speed is w2.
By the use of conservation of angular momentum, if no external torque is applied, then angular momentum is constant.
L1 = L2
I1 w1 = I2 w2
I x 8.37 = I / 3.5 x w2
w2 = 29.3 rad/s
To find the angular speed of the diver in the straight position, we can use the conservation of angular momentum. The moment of inertia decreases by a factor of 3.5 when changing from the tuck position to the straight position. By applying the conservation of angular momentum equation, we can calculate the angular speed in the straight position.
Explanation:To find the angular speed of the diver in the straight position, we can use the conservation of angular momentum. According to the conservation of angular momentum, the product of the initial moment of inertia and initial angular speed is equal to the product of the final moment of inertia and final angular speed.
Let's assume the initial angular speed in the tuck position is denoted by w' and the final angular speed in the straight position is denoted by w. We are given that the moment of inertia decreases by a factor of 3.5 when changing from the tuck position to the straight position. Therefore, the final moment of inertia (I) is 3.5 times greater than the initial moment of inertia (I').
The conservation of angular momentum equation can be written as:
I' * w' = I * w
Since the moment of inertia decreases by a factor of 3.5 when changing from the tuck position to the straight position, we have:
w = w' * (I' / I)
Using the given values, we can calculate the angular speed in the straight position.
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A solenoid has 332 turns and a length of 14 cm. If a current of 0.88 A produces a magnetic flux density of 0.28 T in the core of the solenoid, what is the relative permeability of the core material?
Answer:
106.83
Explanation:
N = 332, l = 14 cm = 0.14 m, i = 0.88 A, B = 0.28 T
Let ur be the relative permeability
B = u0 x ur x n x i
0.28 = 4 x 3.14 x 10^-7 x ur x 332 x 0.88 / 0.14 ( n = N / l)
ur = 106.83
A ball is thrown straight up. Taking the drag force of air into account, does it take longer for the ball to travel to the top of its motion or for it to fall back down again?
Taking the drag force of air into account, it takes longer for the ball to travel to the top of its motion compared to the time it takes to fall back down.
Explanation:When a ball is thrown straight up, the drag force of air acts against its motion. As the ball ascends, the drag force opposes its upward velocity, causing a reduction in the net force acting on the ball. This results in a slower upward acceleration and a longer time to reach the top of its motion.
On the descent, the gravitational force aids the motion, overcoming the drag force. The downward velocity increases, and the time taken to fall back down is less than the time taken to ascend.
In the absence of air resistance, the ascent and descent times would be equal. However, with air resistance considered, the ascent time is prolonged, impacting the overall motion of the ball.
A pendulum clock was moved from a location where g = 9.8135 m/s 2 to another location where g = 9.7943 m/s 2 . During the move, the length of the clock’s pendulum did not change; nevertheless, the clock lost accuracy. Assuming the clock was perfectly accurate at its previous location, how many seconds a day does it lose at the new location?
Answer:
The pendulum clock does it loses 83.0304 seconds a day at the new location.
Explanation:
T1= 1 s
T2= ?
g1= 9.8135 m/s
g2= 9.7943 m/s
L=?
L= (T1/2π)² * g1=
L= 0.24857m
T2= 2π * √(L/g2)
T2= 1.000961 s
ΔT= T2 - T1
ΔT = 0.000961 s
seconds lost a day = 24 * 3600 * ΔT
seconds lost a day= 24 * 3600 * 0.000961 s
seconds lost a day= 83.0304 s
A pendulum clock loses accuracy when it is moved from one location to another due to changes in the acceleration due to gravity. The period of a pendulum is dependent on its length and the acceleration due to gravity. To calculate how many seconds a day the clock loses at the new location, we can subtract the new period from the original period and convert it to seconds.
Explanation:A pendulum clock loses accuracy when it is moved from one location to another due to changes in the acceleration due to gravity, not changes in the length of the pendulum. In this case, the clock was moved from a location where g = 9.8135 m/s2 to a new location where g = 9.7943 m/s2. The clock loses accuracy because the period of a pendulum is dependent on its length and the acceleration due to gravity.
The period of a pendulum can be calculated using the equation: T = 2π√(L/g), where T is the period, L is the length of the pendulum, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
So, to calculate how many seconds a day the clock loses at the new location, we can subtract the new period from the original period and convert it to seconds. Since the original period is 2.00000 s, we have:
ΔT = Toriginal - Tnew
ΔT = 2.00000 s - Tnew
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A point charge Q is located a distance d away from the center of a very long charged wire. The wire has length L >> d and total charge q. What force does the wire experience?
Answer:
[tex]F = \frac{Qq}{2\pi \epsilon_0 L d}[/tex]
Explanation:
As we know that if a charge q is distributed uniformly on the line then its linear charge density is given by
[tex]\lambda = \frac{q}{L}[/tex]
now the electric field due to long line charge at a distance d from it is given as
[tex]E = \frac{2k\lambda}{d}[/tex]
[tex]E = \frac{q}{2\pi \epsilon_0 d}[/tex]
now the force on the other charge in this electric field is given as
[tex]F = QE[/tex]
[tex]F = \frac{Qq}{2\pi \epsilon_0 L d}[/tex]
A particle with an initial velocity of 50 m slows at a constant acceleration to 20 ms-1 over a distance of 105 m. How long does it take for the particle to slow down? (a) 2 s (c) 3 s (b)4 s (d)5 s
Answer:
Time taken, t = 3 s
Explanation:
It is given that,
Initial velocity of the particle, u = 50 m/s
Final velocity, v = 20 m/s
Distance covered, s = 105 m
Firstly we will find the acceleration of the particle. It can be calculated using third equation of motion as :
[tex]v^2-u^2=2as[/tex]
[tex]a=\dfrac{v^2-u^2}{2s}[/tex]
[tex]a=\dfrac{(20\ m/s)^2-(50\ m/s)^2}{2\times 105\ m}[/tex]
[tex]a=-10\ m/s^2[/tex]
So, the particle is decelerating at the rate of 10 m/s². Let t is the time taken for the particle to slow down. Using first equation of motion as :
[tex]t=\dfrac{v-u}{a}[/tex]
[tex]t=\dfrac{20\ m/s-50\ m/s}{-10\ m/s^2}[/tex]
t = 3 s
So, the time taken for the particle to slow down is 3 s. Hence, this is the required solution.
Be sure to answer all parts. Indicate the number of protons, neutrons and electrons in each of these species: (a) 13 N 7 (b) 35 S 16 (c) 63 Cu 29 (d) 89 Sr 38 How many protons are in each isotope? How many neutrons are in each isotope? How many electrons are in each isotope?
Answer:
(a) No. of protons = atomic number = 7
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 7
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 6
(b) No. of protons = atomic number = 16
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 16
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 19
(c) No. of protons = atomic number = 29
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 29
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 34
(d) No. of protons = atomic number = 38
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 38
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 51
Explanation:
No. of protons = No. of electrons = atomic number
No. of neutrons = Mass no. - atomic no.
(a) 13 N 7
Here atomic number is 7, mass number is 13
No. of protons = atomic number = 7
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 7
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 13 - 7 = 6
(b) 35 S 16
Here atomic number is 16, mass number is 35
No. of protons = atomic number = 16
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 16
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 35 - 16 = 19
(c) 63 Cu 29
Here atomic number is 29, mass number is 63
No. of protons = atomic number = 29
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 29
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 63 - 29 = 34
(d) 89 Sr 38
Here atomic number is 38, mass number is 89
No. of protons = atomic number = 38
No. of electrons = no. of protons = 38
No. of neutrons = mass no. - atomic no. = 89 - 38 = 51
Final answer:
The isotopes ¹N⁷, ³⁵S¹⁶, ⁶³Cu₂₉, and ₈₉Sr₃₈ have 7, 16, 29, and 38 protons, respectively, with neutrons calculated by subtracting the number of protons from the mass number. Lastly, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom.
Explanation:
The number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for each isotope can be determined using the atomic number, mass number, and charge. The atomic number represents the number of protons (and also the number of electrons in a neutral atom), the mass number represents the sum of protons and neutrons, and the charge indicates how many electrons have been lost or gained.
(a) ¹N⁷: 7 protons, 6 neutrons, 7 electrons(b) ³⁵S¹⁶: 16 protons, 19 neutrons, 16 electrons(c) ⁶³Cu₂₉: 29 protons, 34 neutrons, 29 electrons(d) ₈₉Sr₃₈: 38 protons, 51 neutrons, 38 electronsEach isotope comprises an equal number of protons and electrons in their neutral states. Neutrons are the difference between the mass number and the number of protons.
A small object of mass 3.66g and charge-19 uC is suspended motionless above the ground when immersed in a uniform electric field perpendicular to the ground. What ares the magnitude and direction of the electric field? magnitude N/C direction
Explanation:
It is given that,
Mass of the object, m = 3.66 kg
Charge, q = -19 μC = -19 × 10⁻⁶ C
It is suspended motionless above the ground when immersed in a uniform electric field perpendicular to the ground such that,
[tex]F_g=F_e[/tex]
[tex]F_g\ and\ F_e[/tex] are gravitational and electrostatic forces respectively
[tex]mg=qE[/tex]
[tex]E=\dfrac{mg}{q}[/tex]
[tex]E=\dfrac{3.66\ kg\times 9.8\ m/s^2}{-19\times 10^{-6}\ C}[/tex]
E = −1887789.47 N/C
[tex]E=-1.89\times 10^6\ N/C[/tex]
Negative sign shows that the electric field is in the opposite direction of the electric force. Since, the weight of the object is in downward direction and its electric force (which is balancing its weight) is in upward direction. So, we can say that the electric field is in downward direction.
Suppose all the mass of the Earth were compacted into a small spherical ball. Part A What radius must the sphere have so that the acceleration due to gravity at the Earth's new surface was equal to the acceleration due to gravity at the surface of the Moon?
Answer:
0.4 times the radius of moon
Explanation:
gravity on moon is equal to the one sixth of gravity on earth.
g' = g / 6
where, g' is the gravity on moon and g be the gravity on earth.
As the earth shrinks, the mass of earth remains same.
The acceleration due to gravity is inversely proportional to the square of radius of planet.
g' ∝ 1/R'² .....(1)
Where, R' is the radius of moon.
g ∝ 1/R² ..... (2)
Where, R be the radius of earth.
Divide equation (1) by (2)
g / g' = R'² / R²
Put g' = g / 6
6 = R'² / R²
2.5 = R' / R
R = R' / 2.5 = 0.4 R'
Thus, the radius of earth should be 0.4 times the radius of moon.
A parachutist bails out and freely falls 50 m. Then the parachute opens, and thereafter she deceler- ates at 2.0 m/s2. She reaches the ground with a speed of 3.0 m/s. (a) How long is the parachutist in the air? (b) At what height does the fall begin?
Answer:
a)The parachutist in the air for 12.63 seconds.
b)The parachutist falls from a height of 293 meter.
Explanation:
Vertical motion of parachutist:
Initial speed, u = 0m/s
Acceleration, a = 9.81 m/s²
Displacement, s = 50 m
We have equation of motion, v² = u² + 2as
Substituting
v² = 0² + 2 x 9.81 x 50
v = 31.32 m/s
Time taken for this
31.32 = 0 + 9.81 x t
t = 3.19 s
After 50m we have
Initial speed, u = 31.32m/s
Acceleration, a = -2 m/s²
Final speed , v = 3 m/s
We have equation of motion, v² = u² + 2as
Substituting
3² = 31.32² - 2 x 2 x s
s = 243 m
Time taken for this
3 = 31.32 - 2 x t
t = 9.44 s
a) Total time = 3.19 + 9.44 = 12.63 s
The parachutist in the air for 12.63 seconds.
b) Total height = 50 + 243 = 293 m
The parachutist falls from a height of 293 meter.
A uniform steel plate has an area of 0.819 m2. When subjected to a temperature difference between its sides, a heat current* of 31700 W is found to flow through it. What is the temperature gradient? What is the temperature difference when the plate is 0.0475 m thick? The thermal conductivity of steel is 50.2 W/(m·K).
Answer:
ΔT / Δx = 771 K/m
ΔT = 771 x 0.0475 = 36.62 k
Explanation:
P = 31700 W, A = 0.819 m^2, Δx = 0.0475 m, K = 50.2 W /m k
Use the formula of conduction of heat
H / t = K A x ΔT / Δx
So, ΔT / Δx = P / K A
ΔT / Δx = 31700 / (50.2 x 0.819)
ΔT / Δx = 771 K/m
Now
ΔT = 771 x 0.0475 = 36.62 k
In the Olympic shotput event, an athlete throws the shot with an initial speed of 13.0 m/s at a 47.0° angle from the horizontal. The shot leaves her hand at a height of 1.80 m above the ground. How far does the shot travel?
Answer:
18.7 m
Explanation:
[tex]v_{o}[/tex] = initial speed of the shot = 13 m/s
θ = angle of launch from the horizontal = 47 deg
Consider the motion along the vertical direction
[tex]v_{oy}[/tex] = initial velocity along vertical direction = 13 Sin47 = 9.5 m/s
[tex]a_{y}[/tex] = acceleration along the vertical direction = - 9.8 m/s²
y = vertical displacement = - 1.80 m
t = time of travel
Using the kinematics equation
[tex]y=v_{oy} t+(0.5)a_{y} t^{2}[/tex]
- 1.80 = (9.5) t + (0.5) (- 9.8) t²
t = 2.11 s
Consider the motion along the horizontal direction
x = horizontal displacement of the shot
[tex]v_{ox}[/tex] = initial velocity along horizontal direction = 13 Cos47 = 8.87 m/s
[tex]a_{x}[/tex] = acceleration along the horizontal direction = 0 m/s²
t = time of travel = 2.11 s
Using the kinematics equation
[tex]x=v_{ox} t+(0.5)a_{x} t^{2}[/tex]
x = (8.87) (2.11) + (0.5) (0) (2.11)²
x = 18.7 m
The horizontal distance traveled by the shotput when launched at a velocity of 13 m/s is 18.7 m.
What is projectile motion?A projectile motion is a curved motion that is projected near the surface of the earth such that it falls under the influence of gravity only.
Given to us
The initial velocity of the shotput, u = 13 m/s
The angle from the horizontal, θ = 47.0°
The height from which shotput was thrown h = 1.80 m
As we know that when the shotput will be thrown it will be in a projectile motion, therefore, the distance that will be covered by the shot put will be the range of the projectile motion,
[tex]R = \dfrac{u\ cos\theta}{g} [u\cdot sin\theta + \sqrt{u^2sin^2\theta+2gh}][/tex]
Substitute the values,
[tex]R = \dfrac{13\ cos47^o}{9.81} [13\cdot sin47 + \sqrt{13^2(sin47)^2+2(9.81)(1.80)}][/tex]
R = 18.7 m
Hence, the horizontal distance traveled by the shotput when launched at a velocity of 13 m/s is 18.7 m.
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24. Suppose a clay model of a koala bear has a mass of 0.200 kg and slides on ice at a speed of 0.750 m/s. It runs into another clay model, which is initially motionless and has a mass of 0.350 kg. Both being soft clay, they naturally stick together. What is their final velocity?
Answer:
0.273 m/s
Explanation:
Momentum is conserved:
mu = (m + M) v
(0.200 kg) (0.750 m/s) = (0.200 kg + 0.350 kg) v
v = 0.273 m/s
The momentum of the conservation said that the momentum before collision is equal to the momentum before collision.The final velocity will be 0.273 m/sec.
What is law of conservation of momentum?The momentum of the conservation said that the momentum before collision is equal to the momentum before collision.
The given data in the problem is;
m is the mass of clay model before collision= 0.200 Kg
u is the sliding velocity before collision=0.75 m/sec
M is the mass after collision= 0.350 Kg
v is the velocity after collision=?
On applying the law of conservation of momentum we get;
[tex]\rm mu = (m + M) v \\\\\ (0.200 kg) (0.750 m/s) = (0.200 kg + 0.350 kg) v \\\\ v = 0.273 m/s[/tex]
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Convert: Thermal conductivity value of 0.3 Btu/(h ft°F) to W/(m °C). Surface heat transfer coefficient value of 105 Btu/(h ft2 oF) to W/(m20C)
To convert the thermal conductivity value of 0.3 Btu/(h ft°F) to W/(m °C), multiply by 694.7. To convert the surface heat transfer coefficient value of 105 Btu/(h ft2 oF) to W/(m2 °C), multiply by 11,545.
Explanation:To convert the thermal conductivity value of 0.3 Btu/(h ft°F) to W/(m °C), we can use the following conversion factors:
1 Btu = 1055.06 J1 ft = 0.3048 m1 °F = 0.5556 °CUsing these conversion factors, we can convert the thermal conductivity value as follows:
0.3 Btu/(h ft°F) = (0.3 * 1055.06 J)/(h * 0.3048 m * 0.5556 °C) = 694.7 W/(m °C)
Similarly, to convert the surface heat transfer coefficient value of 105 Btu/(h ft2 oF) to W/(m2 °C), we can use the following conversion factors:
1 ft2 = 0.0929 m21 °F = 0.5556 °CUsing these conversion factors, we can convert the surface heat transfer coefficient value as follows:
105 Btu/(h ft2 oF) = (105 * 1055.06 J)/(h * 0.0929 m2 * 0.5556 °C) = 11,545 W/(m2 °C)
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The conversion of the thermal conductivity value yields approximately 0.52 W/(m°C), and the surface heat transfer coefficient conversion yields approximately 596.15 W/(m²°C). Conversion factors for BTU to J, ft to m, and °F to °C are critical in these calculations.
To convert thermal conductivity from BTU/(h ft°F) to W/(m°C):
Given value: 0.3 BTU/(h ft°F).Use conversion factors: 1 BTU = 1055.06 J, 1 ft = 0.3048 m, 1 °F = (5/9) °C.Calculation: 0.3 BTU/(h ft°F) * (1055.06 J/BTU) * (1/3600 s/h) * (1/0.3048 m) * (9/5 °C/°F).Simplify: 0.3 * (1055.06/3600) * (1/0.3048) * (9/5) ≈ 0.52 W/(m°C).To convert surface heat transfer coefficient from BTU/(h ft²°F) to W/(m²°C):
Given value: 105 BTU/(h ft²°F).Use conversion factors: 1 BTU = 1055.06 J, 1 ft = 0.3048 m, 1 °F = (5/9) °C.Calculation: 105 BTU/(h ft²°F) * (1055.06 J/BTU) * (1/3600 s/h) * (1/0.3048² m²) * (9/5 °C/°F).Simplify: 105 * (1055.06/3600) * (1/0.3048²) * (9/5) ≈ 596.15 W/(m²°C).A parallel plate capacitor of area A = 30 cm2 and separation d = 5 mm is charged by a battery of 60-V. If the air between the plates is replaced by a dielectric of κ = 4 with the battery still connected, then what is the ratio of the initial charge on the plates divided by the final charge on the plates?
Answer:
0.25
Explanation:
A = area of each plate = 30 cm² = 30 x 10⁻⁴ m²
d = separation between the plates = 5 mm = 5 x 10⁻³ m
[tex]C_{air}[/tex] = Capacitance of capacitor when there is air between the plates
k = dielectric constant = 4
[tex]C_{dielectric}[/tex] = Capacitance of capacitor when there is dielectric between the plates
Capacitance of capacitor when there is air between the plates is given as
[tex]C_{air} = \frac{\epsilon _{o}A}{d}[/tex] eq-1
Capacitance of capacitor when there is dielectric between the plates is given as
[tex]C_{dielectric} = \frac{k \epsilon _{o}A}{d}[/tex] eq-2
Dividing eq-1 by eq-2
[tex]\frac{C_{air}}{C_{dielectric}}=\frac{\frac{\epsilon _{o}A}{d}}{\frac{k \epsilon _{o}A}{d}}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{C_{air}}{C_{dielectric}}=\frac{1}{k}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{C_{air}}{C_{dielectric}}=\frac{1}{4}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{C_{air}}{C_{dielectric}}=0.25[/tex]
Charge stored in the capacitor when there is air is given as
[tex]Q_{air}=C_{air}V[/tex] eq-3
Charge stored in the capacitor when there is dielectric is given as
[tex]Q_{dielectric}=C_{dielectric}V[/tex] eq-4
Dividing eq-3 by eq-4
[tex]\frac{Q_{air}}{Q_{dielectric}}=\frac{C_{air}V}{C_{dielectric} V}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{Q_{air}}{Q_{dielectric}}=\frac{C_{air}}{C_{dielectric}}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{Q_{air}}{Q_{dielectric}}=0.25[/tex]
If a copper wire has a resistance of 23.7 Ω at a temperature of 20.3 oC, what resistance does it have at 79.0 oC? (Neglect any change in length or cross-sectional area resulting from the change in temperature.)
Answer:
[tex]R_{79} = 28.91 OHM[/tex]
Explanation:
Resistance ca be determine by using following formula
[tex]R = R_{ref}\left [ 1+ \alpha (T - T_{ref}) \right ][/tex]
where
R = Conductor resistance = 23.7Ω
Rref = conductor reistance at reference temperature,
α = temperature coefficient of resistance for material, for copper 40.41*10^{-4}
T = Conductor temperature in Celcius = 20.3°C
Tref = reference temperature at which α is specified.
[tex]23.7 = R_{ref}\left [ 1+ 40.41*10^{-4} (20.3) \right ][/tex][tex]R_{ref} =21.92 OHM[/tex]
now for 79 degree celcius
[tex]R_{79} = R_{ref}\left [ 1+ \alpha (T - T_{ref}) \right ][/tex]
[tex]R_{79} =21.92\left [ 1+ 40.41*10^{-4} (79) \right ][/tex]
[tex]R_{79} = 28.91 OHM[/tex]
A certain part of an aircraft engine has a volume of 1.4 ft^3. (a) Find the weight of the piece when it is made of lead. (b) If the same piece is made of aluminum, what is its weight? Determine how much weight is saved by using aluminum instead of lead.
Final answer:
The weight of the piece when made of lead is 992.6 lb. The weight of the piece when made of aluminum is 236.6 lb. By using aluminum instead of lead, a weight of 756 lb is saved.
Explanation:
(a) Weight of the piece when it is made of lead:
To find the weight of the piece when it is made of lead, we need to know the density of lead. The density of lead is approximately 709 lb/ft³. We can use the formula:
Weight = Density x Volume
Given that the volume of the piece is 1.4 ft³, the weight of the piece when it is made of lead can be calculated as:
Weight = 709 lb/ft³ x 1.4 ft³ = 992.6 lb
(b) Weight of the piece when made of aluminum, and weight saved:
To find the weight of the piece when it is made of aluminum, we need to know the density of aluminum. The density of aluminum is approximately 169 lb/ft³. Using the same formula as before:
Weight = Density x Volume
Given that the volume of the piece is still 1.4 ft³, the weight of the piece when it is made of aluminum can be calculated as:
Weight = 169 lb/ft³ x 1.4 ft³ = 236.6 lb
The weight saved by using aluminum instead of lead can be determined by subtracting the weight of the aluminum piece from the weight of the lead piece:
Weight saved = Weight of lead piece - Weight of aluminum piece
Weight saved = 992.6 lb - 236.6 lb = 756 lb