What is the meaning of the following suffix:
a. -oma
b. -phagia
c. -phasia
d. -logy
e. -algia
f. -phobia

Answer:

(A). Cyanosis.

Explanation:

Cyanosis can be defined as a condition, in which skin and mucous membrane turns into blueish in color. This abnormal blueness of skin is caused by low level of oxygen in blood cells due to problems in lungs, heart, or airway.

Some other causes for cyanosis include low temperature, high altitude, and low blood pressure. Treatment for cyanosis involves various drugs and methods that restore the normal blood flow to the body parts affected.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A).

Answer:

The answer is A promote an increase in blood pressure

Explanation:

Aldosterone is a mineralocorticoid hormone produced in the renal cortex and acts by retaining sodium and eliminating potassium which leads to an increase in blood pressure.

Answer:

The layers of the epidermis depending on the region of the skin will be composed of the following layers from the outermost to the innermost:

- cornea layer (outermost layer)

- translucent layer

- granular layer

- spiny layer

- basal layer (innermost layer, contains melanocytes)

Answer:

stratum corneum

stratum lucidum (only found in palms and soles)

stratum granulosum

stratum spinosum

stratum Basale

Explanation:

i like to remember it "Cornell graduates spin basil" because the first part of the word sounds like the fist part of the epidermal layer.  

Answer:

c. Nose -> Pharynx -> Larynx -> Primary Bronchi -> Trachea -> Secondary Bronchi -> Tertiary Bronchi -> Alveoli -> Bronchioles

Explanation:

The respiratory system's primary function is to obtain oxygen for use, and eliminate carbon dioxide.

The correct path of air as it enters the respiratory system is Nose -> Pharynx -> Larynx -> Trachea -> Primary Bronchi -> Secondary Bronchi -> Tertiary Bronchi -> Bronchioles -> Alveoli.

The correct answer is option b. Air enters the respiratory system through the nose, from where it then moves to the pharynx (throat). It then travels to the larynx (voice box), proceeds to the trachea (windpipe), and then into the bronchi. The bronchi have multiple branches, with primary bronchi being the first division, followed by secondary bronchi, and then tertiary bronchi. The air continues its pathway to the bronchioles, which end at tiny sacs called the alveoli, where gas exchange occurs.

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Answer:

The answer is C: Notify the health care provides (HCP).

Explanation:

Fat embolism originates when fat thrombi travels through the bloodstream, causing obstruction in different vital organs of the body, such as heart, lung, brain; Depending on the symptoms presented by the patient, and the severity of their condition, this will be the immediate management of this. You may need intravenous fluids and oxygen. Being therefore a priority, inform the treating physician of the patient's condition, so that he can take the appropriate medical behavior since depending on the place where the obstruction produced by the thrombus is located, this is going to be the medical management.

Answer:

The correct option is d. All of the above contribute to the pinal gland being called the body's timekeeper.

Explanation:

The pineal gland is a reddish-grey pine-cone shape gland present in the brain. It is responsible for the production of melatonin. The melatonin is a hormone which controls the body's sleep cycle and the circadian rhythm.

The melatonin production is stimulated by darkness. Therefore, the melatonin levels are low during the days and increases at night. This helps in regulating the body's sleep cycle and the circadian rhythm.

Thus, the pineal gland is referred to as the body's timekeeper.

The pineal gland is called the body's 'timekeeper' due to its role in regulating melatonin levels based on light levels, thereby controlling the body's internal clock and sleep cycle.

The pineal gland is often referred to as the body's 'timekeeper' due to its role in regulating various biological processes related to time. This small, pinecone-shaped gland is primarily responsible for the production of the hormone melatonin. Melatonin levels typically increase during the night and decrease during the day, which in turn regulates our internal clock and sleep cycle.

The pineal gland adjusts its output of melatonin using information about the changing light levels in the environment. Therefore, all the options given - (a), (b), and (c) - contribute to why the pineal gland is called the body's 'timekeeper'.

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Answer:

d. Both a and b are correct

Explanation:

Blood is pumped into aorta and pulmonary arteries vessels during ventricular systole.

Blood is pumped into which of these vessels during ventricular systole?

a. aorta

b. pulmonary arteries

c. pulmonary vein

d. Both a and b are correct

Answer:

The finding that suggests to the nurse that the lesion is in the right cerebral hemisphere is the Left-sided facial droop

Explanation:

At the level of the spinal bulb there is a point that is known as the decussation of the pyramid, where 80% of the axons that come from the right side of the brain intersect to the left side, and those that come from the left side, intersect to the right side, so the movements of one side of the body are controlled by the opposite side of the brain.

Answer and Explanation:

calcium is not required in the process of glycerinated method because glycerination process intrrupt the troponin- tropomyosin complex due to this interruption the bindings are exposed. So the glycerin makes the membrane suitable for the small molecules including ATP. Addition of ATP is highly required by the glycerinated muscle so that the myosin head actually binds the binding site so the ATP can easily available so we do not  need  the calcium for glycerinated muscle contraction

Calcium is not required in glycerinated muscle contraction because the process of glycerination removes most cellular components, including ions like calcium. Glycerinated muscles enable the study of muscle contraction in a controlled environment by bypassing the natural ionic regulation mechanisms, relying instead on the addition of ATP and other necessary ions.

The question "Why is calcium not required in the process of glycerinated muscle contraction?" touches on an important aspect of muscle physiology concerning glycerinated muscle fibers. Glycerinated muscle fibers are muscle cells that have been treated with glycerol, a process which extracts much of their cellular components, including many ions and soluble proteins, leaving behind the basic structures necessary for contraction, such as actin, myosin, and the regulatory proteins troponin and tropomyosin. In a normal living muscle, the contraction process is heavily dependent on calcium ions (Ca2+), which bind to troponin, leading to a series of events that result in muscle contraction.

However, in glycerinated muscles, the standard internal regulation and signaling mechanisms are disrupted due to the extraction process. This means that while the basic contractile machinery remains, the role of calcium in initiating contraction is bypassed. Instead of relying on internal calcium ions to trigger contraction, the process is directly initiated by the addition of ATP and other necessary ions in an experimental setup. This allows researchers to study muscle contraction in a simplified and controlled environment, where the complexity of ionic regulation can be minimized or specifically controlled.

Answer: B. Pathogens.

Explanation: The word pathogens refers to external agents that are hosted in live organisms (humans, animals or vegetals), and has the property of affecting the host causing diseases or damages visible or not. Saying this, the microorganisms described in the question are pathogens.

Option A. Incorrect. Tumors are described as an abnormal growth of any group of cells of an organism.

Option C. Incorrect. Interferon is a protein released by cells of the immune system when it is time to defend the body against microorganisms.

Option D. Incorrect. Immunoglobulins are proteins created specifically for attacking an antigen (something harmful for the body). They are also part of the immune system.

Answer:

B

Explanation:

Answer:

C.   rising blood pressure

Explanation:

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The renal capsule is the tough and fibrous layer which surrounds the kidney. It is covered by a layer of peri-renal fat which is known as adipose capsule of the kidney.

This structure helps to hold the kidney in their respective position inside the human body. Fatty layer also helps in the protection of kidney from the external injury, trauma and any other damage.

Hence, the correct answer is option C

The fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys is important because it stabilizes the kidneys' position by keeping them in their normal place in the body.

The fatty tissue that surrounds the kidneys, also known as perirenal fat, plays a significant role in maintaining the anatomical position of the kidneys. This is critical because the kidneys must adhere to their correct location most effectively to carry out their vital functions, which include filtration of blood and removal of toxins from the body.

So, the correct answer to your question is option (c): 'The fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys is important because it stabilizes the position of the kidneys by holding them in their normal position'.

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Answer:

A. frontal

Explanation:

it controls personality, decision making, and reasoning.

Answer:

(A). high plasma Na+.

Explanation:

Aldosterone is a steroid hormone, synthesized by adrenal gland.  It plays role in homeostatic regulation of sodium ions, potassium ions and blood pressure.

Aldosterone is responsible for increase reabsorption of sodium ions (Na⁺) and secretion of potassium ions (K⁺). Angiotensin II is a hormone that stimulates production of aldosterone

Low Na⁺ level, High plasma K⁺ level, angiotensin II, and high plasma H⁺ stimulates production of aldosterone from cortex of adrenal gland.

Thus, the correct answer is option (A).

Answer:

The answer is C: connective tissue

Explanation:

The basal lamina, is a thin layer of extra cellular tissue that is part of the basal menbrane, which is part together with the reticular lamina; The basal lamina separates many tissues and cell types, such as muscle cells or fat cells from connective tissue. It is made up of fibrous proteins (elastin, collagen)

Answer: The INNATE IMMUNE response is the first line of defense of the body against pathogens or potentially pathogens. It can avoid an infection.

The ADAPTIVE IMMUNE response comes into action when innate immunity does not have the tools to act or when its action has failed.

Explanation:

INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE:

- The response to pathogens is nonspecific, it acts rapidly between minutes to hours.

- Recognizes certain molecular patterns in infectious agents, but its number is limited. This is because it is codified in germline, it means, every cell has it.

- The epitelium and the mucus are physical barriers that helps with the innate immune response.

- The components are: The Complement, Natural Killer cells (NK), neutrophils, macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells.

ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE:

- It is highly specific, and as its name, it could adapted over time. It has memory.

- It recognizes a large number of pathogens, including microorganisms, and other not necessarily infectious. It is codified by gene recombination.

- The response is mediated by Immunoglobulins.

- The components are: T cells, B cells and circulating antibodies.

Answer:

The correct answer is option A- true.

Explanation:

Primary sensory afferentS are a part of the somatosensory neuron pathway which transmits the neurons from the stimulus to the CNS. These neurons are divided into three types: primary, secondary and tertiary afferent neurons.

The primary neurons are the neurons which transmit the stimulus generated impulse form the organ to dorsal root ganglion where they transmit the signals to the secondary neurons. These secondary neurons decussate at the midline medulla through medial lemniscus.

Since it is the secondary neurons which decussate at midline, therefore, the option A- true is the correct answer.

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

Heart is an organ that is responsible for pumping oxygenated blood from heart to various parts of the body.

The deoxygenated blood from various parts of the body comes into heart by veins and then oxygenated blood is transported from the heart to various parts of the body by artery.

The exception is that Pulmonary veins of heart are responsible for the carrying oxygenated blood from lungs back to the left atrium of the heart.

Hence, the correct answer is option C.

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

I show HHA's, was this not an option at all?

Explanation:

I stand corrected if Im wrong. I'll do some further investigation if need be...

Answer:

The answer is C zygote

Explanation:

The zygote is the first cell that is formed after fertilization of the sperm to the ovule, which will subsequently give rise to the fetus.

In fertilization of Egg, a single cell known as Zygote is created.

Explanation:

The process called fertilization happens during the combination of Sperm and an egg which is also called as an oocyte.  

This will result in the generation of a single new cell which is known as Zygote. This zygote has the generic material that is essential for the formation of Human.

The generic material are obtained half from the male and half from the female. A zygote is a diploid cell, formed as a result of fertilization of haploid gametes that are from male and female lines.

☛ Colostrum is different from true milk because it contains less lactose and virtually no FAT, hence answer b is correct.

✎ In a nutshell, human colostrum (in other words - first milk) is a lactiferous gland produced liquid which contains proteins, lactose, anitbodies, iron, sodium, and other components - but a little amount of fat. Colostrum is only produced for a few days after the delivery and is then replaced with true milk.

A.

So the correct answer is option b. fat.

The first milk is a dark lemon-colored liquid that is secreted by the breast in the first few days of life. Compared to mature milk, mature milk is richer in minerals and protein, but with less sugar and fat. Antibodies can be detected in the first milk. Immunoglobulin A can protect newborns from intestinal pathogens.

The first milk is more than the first milk a baby eats after giving birth. High levels of nutrients and antibodies to fight infections and protect your baby. It provides a powerful and unique immunity that only it can provide.

It develops during pregnancy and lasts for several days after birth. The first milk may be the yellow and viscous, or clear and runny nose. The baby needs a small amount of food, and the mother's first milk is perfect in composition and quantity.

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Answer:

A sensory modality that adapts quickly is touch and smell, whereas pain adapts slowly or not at all.

Sensory modality is the specific type of sensation like touch and smell, it used in detection of a change in the environment. As, sensory modality is the property where one sensation is distinguished from another and individual sensory modality represented the sensation of specific type of stimulus.

Pain adapts slowly or not at all because of the lack of adaptation which is important to survival.

Pacinian corpuscles are rapidly adapting receptors that respond to changes in pressure and vibration, while Merkel cells are slowly adapting receptors that continue to respond to constant light touch stimuli.

A sensory modality that adapts quickly is the Pacinian corpuscle, which is specialized for detecting transient pressure and high-frequency vibration. On the other hand, a sensory modality that adapts slowly, if at all, is the Merkel cell, which is involved in sensing light touch and is found in the fingertips and lips.

The adaptation rate of sensory receptors is crucial for determining their response to stimuli. Rapidly adapting receptors like Pacinian corpuscles quickly respond to changes in stimulus, such as the start or stop of pressure, making them adept at detecting movement and vibration. Conversely, slowly adapting receptors like Merkel cells continue to respond to a constant stimulus, providing detailed information about the shape and pressure applied to the skin.

Answer:

Explanation:

Homeostasis can be define as the tendency of the body to maintain it's environment constant and stable as compared to the changes occurring in the external environment.

a. The cardiovascular system will exchange gases such as carbon dioxide and oxygen with the body and the external environment. The main requirement of the body is the oxygen which is inhaled and the carbon dioxide is the gas which is produced as waste of the metabolic process which is exhaled out.

b. The muscle of the diaphragm contracts which allows the increase in volume of the thoracic cavity. The muscles helps in inhalation and exhalation. The intercostal muscles present between the ribs helps in enlargement of the chest cavity. They contracts the rib cage that helps in inhalation and when the rib cage expands the process results in exhalation. The inhalation process helps in maintaining the oxygen levels and exhalation maintains the carbon dioxide levels. Thus respiratory system maintains the homeostasis.

c. The cardiovascular system is the organ system that allows the circulation of the blood and transports nutrients like oxygen, carbon dioxide, blood cells, hormones, electrolytes and amino aids to and from the cells. Thus helps in maintaining the homeostasis by regulating the demands of the cells for oxygen and nourishment.

d. The lymphatic system is a network of small tubes called as lymph vessels. These vessels transfers the lymph fluid which transfers gases, white blood cells and nutrients throughout the body. Thus lymph system maintains the homeostasis by the fulfilling the demand of oxygen when body experience scarcity of oxygen.

The cardiovascular system absorbs oxygen and removes carbon dioxide in the lungs before transporting these gases to and from body tissues, while the muscular system aids in breathing.

The organ systems listed play crucial roles in the maintenance of homeostasis through the process of gas exchange during respiratory events:

These systems work together to ensure that the body's cells have a constant supply of oxygen and that carbon dioxide is efficiently removed, thus maintaining the balance of the body's internal environment.

Answer:a

Explanation:

Because the body will react to it right away

During heightened iron needs, both genes of the GI tract producing more iron absorption proteins and increased absorption of iron from food occur.

Option (d) is correct

During heightened iron needs, both options a and b occur. Option a states that genes of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract produce more proteins that assist with iron absorption. This means that the body increases the production of proteins involved in transporting and absorbing iron from the intestines. Option b states that more iron is absorbed from the foods we consume. This means that the body increases its uptake of iron from the digestive system to meet the heightened iron needs.

These mechanisms are part of the body's response to increased iron requirements, such as during periods of growth, pregnancy, or in cases of iron deficiency.

By increasing the production of iron-binding proteins and enhancing the absorption of iron from the diet, the body aims to meet the increased demand and maintain adequate iron levels for essential physiological functions, such as oxygen transport and enzyme activities. Therefore, both option a and b are correct statements regarding what occurs during heightened iron needs.

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Answer:

The urate crystal has white nodules known as tophi. The precipitation of urate causes renal failure.

Explanation:

Gout may be defined as a condition of inflammatory arthritis due to the deposition of excess uric acid in the blood. Pain, swelling and tenderness are the common symptoms of gout.

Tophi are the white nodules of urate crystal that may get deposit under subcutaneous tissue due to the excess formation of uric acid in gout disease. Severe gout condition may also causes renal failure due to the precipitation of urate in the kidney in an individual.

Thus, the white nodules is tophi. Urate precipitation in kidney causes renal failure.

The transverse plane divides the body into superior and inferior sections; the midsagittal plane divides it into right and left halves; the frontal (coronal) plane into anterior and posterior sections; and any sagittal plane that is not the midsagittal plane (parasagittal plane) divides the body into unequal right and left sections.

The anatomical planes are used to describe how the body is divided into sections. There are several key planes that are used:

Understanding these planes is crucial for accurately describing the locations and orientations of body parts within the three-dimensional space of the body.

Answer:

The orbit is the socket or cavity of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are located. This bony socket is made up of 7 different bones. The seven bones are as follows-

Frontal bone : the bone located in front of the skull in that forms eye socket.

Zygomatic bone : it is cheekbone which articulates with the maxilla, sphenoid bone, and frontal bone.

Maxillary bone : The 2 maxillary bones are joined together at the intermaxillary suture, creating the anterior nasal spine.

Sphenoid bone : is an unpaired bone of the neurocranium.

Ethmoid bone : is a bone in the skull that distinguishes the nasal cavity and the brain. It is situated at the roof of the nasal cavity.

Palatine bone : These are 2 irregular bones of the nasal cavity.  

Lacrimal bone: a small bone forming part of the eye socket.

Answer:

B. False

Explanation:

Nitric oxide is not a powerful vasoconstrictor, it is a vasodilator. It acts on smooth muscle,  phosphorylation of the myosin light chain is reduced , and cytolic calcium and relaxation is decreased.

Answer:

The best answer for the question: Which of the following positions is used during the immediate post-operative recovery of pediatric tonsillectomy, would be, B: lateral, with a slight head-down tilt.

Explanation:

Tonsillectomy, is the surgical procedure through which the tonsils, a lymphatic tissue, very important and central in responses of the immune system to invading infections through the nose and mouth, are removed from a child´s throat, given very specific indications. Because research has shown that there are more possible complications, than benefits to this procedure, it is now done only under very strict conditions and the post-operative nursing care is very strict. One thing the nurse must always be aware of, is the position in which the child is placed; it should be lateral, and with a slight head tilt, so that, if there is bleeding, or release of fluids, they may come out of the throat. Since bleeding is one of the most recurrent complications in post-operative time, this position is very important until the child regains full conciousness.

Answer:

C. Positive

Explanation:

Depolarization occurs when Na channels open, and the inward flow of Na ions increases the concentration of positive cations in the cells. At this moment the potential of the cell is higher than the cell's resting potential.