What happens during crossing over?
Crossing over is the process during which a homologus chromosome change their sequence . Crossing over occur to increase the genetic diversity. It is very important because due to this gentic varatation increase. In a first divisions of meiosis crossing over occur and sister chromatids are formed when chormosme are replicated into two stands .
Final answer:
Crossing-over is an event during prophase I of meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, leading to genetic variety in gametes. This exchange, or recombination, increases genetic diversity, which is vital for evolution and individual uniqueness.
Explanation:
During prophase I of meiosis, a crucial process called crossing-over takes place. Homologous chromosomes pair up gene-for-gene, forming a structure known as a tetrad, which consists of four chromatids. During this pairing, the non-sister chromatids come into proximity and exchange segments of genetic material. This breakage and rejoining of DNA segments results in the chromatids acquiring unique combinations of alleles, thereby increasing genetic diversity in the resultant gametes. This genetic shuffle, also called recombination, happens multiple times and can affect any part of the chromosome, leading to numerous genetic variations.
Large molecules, such as glucose, that cannot cross the lipid bilayer can still move across the membrane through a type of passive transport called?
The transition from fall to winter could be considered an environmental change. Which kind of change is winter?
short-term, because it lasts less than a year
long-term, because it lasts more than a year
short-term, because it causes changes to the DNA of a species
long-term, because it does not cause changes to the DNA of a species
The transition from fall to winter could be considered an environmental change. Which kind of change is winter?
It should be considered a short-term change because it lasts less than a year.
Environmental changes are changes or disturbances in the environment most often caused by human influences and natural ecological processes.
Answer: short-term, because it lasts less than a year
Explanation:
A short term change is a kind of environmental change which occur over a short period of time. It exerts influence over the environment and over the living beings for short time. A short term change include seasonal variation, drought, smog, pollution, flood and volcanic eruption. The effects caused by these changes can be recovered in an short time.
The transition from fall to winter could be considered as short term environmental change. This is due to the fact that it is the example of seasonal variation. The winter season remains for short term that is less than a year.
Which word describes the amount of matter an object contains? altitude, density, mass,pressure
The Correct Answer to the following question is Mass. Mass measures the amount of matter in a substance or an object.
Considering the definition of mass, the correct answer is the third option: the mass describes the amount of matter an object contains.
Definition of massMass is a measure that indicates the amount of matter that a body has and is one of the physical and fundamental properties of matter.
A body corresponds to a portion of matter that can be in a solid, liquid or gaseous state, which can be made up of materials of the same or different nature.
The unit of measurement of the International System is the kilogram (kg) and the instrument to measure the mass of a body is the balance.
Answer in this caseIn sumary, the correct answer is the third option: the mass describes the amount of matter an object contains.
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Why is a dominant allele called dominant
A person possessing one dominant allele and one recessive allele for a gene is said to be heterozygous for that trait because the alleles are different. ... A genetic trait may be of homozygous dominant or recessive or heterozygous.
The correct answer is option A which is, "it dominates the phenotype".
Explanation:There are two types of alleles in the gene pair of one trait.
One is known as dominant allele while other is recessive allele.
One allele is dominant over the recessive and when both alleles come together, the dominant allele will describe the phenotype.
But not always, as in case if both alleles are recessive then recessive allele will describe the phenotype.
Hence the most relating statement is option A.
Where are the reproductive parts of an angiosperm located?
Ans.
Angiosperms are vascular, flowering plants that produce seeds, enclosed in ovaries. Reproductive structures of angiosperms are present in flowers, which include male reproductive structures (stamens) and female reproductive structures (carpels).
Stamen includes anther (where pollen grains are produced) and filament, while carpel includes stigma, style, and ovary (where eggs are produced).
Thus, the correct answer is 'flowers.'
Review the information from the link, Inside Ted's Head, then answer the questions provided. Click on the image that shows the structures of the brain and explore the functions, then answer the questions. What is the function of the medulla oblongata?
the inner region of an organ or tissue, especially when it is distinguishable from the outer region or cortex (as in a kidney, an adrenal gland, or hair).
The medulla oblongata helps regulate breathing, heart and blood vessel function, digestion, sneezing, and swallowing. This part of the brain is a center for respiration and circulation.
this is the correct answer
Are species always able to adapt successfully to a new or changing environment in this way?
Species are not always capable of adapting to new environments, and failure to adapt can lead to extinction. Evolution is not progressive but enables species to fit their niche and reproduce effectively. Rapid environmental changes or introduction to non-native habitats can severely challenge a species' ability to adapt.
Explanation:No, species are not always able to adapt successfully to a new or changing environment. The history of evolution is replete with examples of species that were unable to adapt and ultimately became extinct. Mesozoic Era dinosaurs are a classic case; despite their dominance at one time, they could not survive a significant shift in their environment. In the process of evolution, adaptations arise due to genetic variation and environmental pressures, but these adaptations are not indicative of progress in a linear sense. Evolution is not goal oriented; it does not strive to make creatures faster, stronger, or smarter. Instead, adaptations are simply traits that enhance an organism's ability to reproduce within its particular ecological niche. When environmental conditions change, those individual organisms with genetic variations that confer an advantage in the new conditions are more likely to thrive and reproduce. However, if the rate of environmental change outpaces the ability of a species to adapt, or if there is insufficient genetic variability within a species to facilitate adaptation, that species may be at risk of extinction. This was famously described in the Red Queen hypothesis, which postulates that organisms must constantly adapt and evolve not just for reproductive advantage, but to survive against ever-evolving opposing organisms in an environment that is always changing.
A complication in modern times is that human activity has vastly accelerated environmental changes and introduced exotic species to new environments at an unprecedented rate. Some of these species become invasive, outcompeting native species and altering ecosystems. Adaptation or extinction in such rapidly changing circumstances is a stark reality for many species. Finally, when species are removed from their natural habitat and placed into one with significantly different conditions—such as a different climate or exposure to different predators and food sources—their existing adaptations may be maladaptive, leading to poorer health or potential extinction.
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu.
The tentacles of an octopus and the limbs of a lizard perform the same function but have a different evolutionary lineage. Therefore, they are_________ .
The front legs of a cat and the arms of a human share a bone structure that suggests a common evolutionary lineage. Therefore, these skeletal structures are__________ .
The Answers: Vestigial, Analogus, Homologus
Your answers are:
1. Analogous
2. Homologous
If you'd like to know why:
Your clue for the first one is "same function," and "Have different evolutionary lineage." Analogous structures are structures that are similar when comparing animals that are completely unrelated. They are similar in structure because they have similar function.
On the other hand, the second one, homologous structures, they are structures that are similar, when comparing animals that are related, down the line of ancestry.
Vestigial structures, the one not selected, are structures that are found in different animals but differ in size due to evolution, because they are no longer used by certain organisms.
Answer:
1. Analogous
2. Homologous
Explanation:
ASAP!!! 20 points Select the correct answer from the drop down menu. The second drop down choices are the same as the first.
Explain why a bullfrog is an animal!
Cells can conduct many task, including which of the following
Final answer:
Cells are capable of performing various tasks, such as transporting materials and powering motion. Different cell types have specific shapes and characteristics to fulfill their functions, such as nerve cells carrying messages and sperm cells swimming.
Explanation:
Cells are capable of performing many tasks, including:
Transporting materialsPowering the beating motion of cilia or flagellaContracting muscle fibers to create movementReproductionComplex moleculesCells with different functions often have different shapes and characteristics that help them perform their specific jobs. For example, nerve cells have long extensions to carry messages, while sperm cells have a tail to swim through fluids. Additionally, cells perform metabolic activities, respond to stimuli, and contribute to cell organization and biogenesis.
2. Which statement is TRUE for a chemical change?
A. of the substance is not changing.
B.Mass is conserved
C.The substances always changes from solid to liquid.
The true statement for a chemical change is that mass is conserved, in accordance with the law of conservation of mass, meaning the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.
Explanation:In the context of a chemical change, the true statement is that mass is conserved. According to the law of conservation of mass, matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. This means that the total mass of the reactants must equal the total mass of the products formed during the reaction. For instance, if magnesium metal reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide, and the reaction is carried out in a sealed vessel, the total mass before and after the reaction stays the same, illustrating that mass is conserved.
Rough-skinned newts and common garter snakes are in an "evolutionary arms race." In this phenomenon, two species continually evolve adaptations against one another to increase their own chance of survival. Rough-skinned newts produce tetrodotoxin, a type of poison, as a defense mechanism. Most common garter snakes have some resistance to the toxin. In areas where common garter snakes and rough-skinned newts coexist, rough-skinned newts express very high levels of tetrodotoxin, and common garter snakes have evolved a very high degree of resistance to tetrodotoxin. Based on this information, what is the most likely relationship between common garter snakes and rough-skinned newts?
A.
obligate parasitism
B.
predator and prey
C.
facultative mutualism
D.
commensalism
I got it correct!!!!!!!
B. Predator and prey
Answer:
The correct answer would be B. predator and prey.
Predator and prey is a type of natural relationship in which one organism kills and consume the other organism.
For example, a lion is a predator which kills and consume deer (prey).
During the course of evolution, prey evolves various adaptations to overcome predation and increases its survival rate.
In addition, a predator also evolves to increase its success rate in predation.
Similarly, rough-skinned newts (prey) evolve to produce poison as a defense mechanism and greater snakes (predator) evolve resistance against that poison to increase its survival rates.
cells that move organs and body parts?
Both smooth muscle cells and skeletal cells move organs and body parts.
Cells that move organs and body parts are skeletal and smooth muscle cells.
What are Organs?Organs may be defined as the overall collection of tissues that structurally construct a functional unit that is specialized to perform a particular function within the body of an organism. Some examples of organs may include the heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach, etc.
Skeletal muscle cells are responsible for the movement of humans and enable them to perform daily physical activities. Such types of cells also play an essential role in respiration, and maintenance of body posture and balance.
Smooth muscle cells perform a variety of functions along with the movement of organs. These types of cells assist in digestion, nutrient collection, electrolyte balance, etc.
Therefore, skeletal and smooth muscle cells are the cells that move organs and body parts.
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Which statement best describes how biodiversity supports the sustainability of an ecosystem? Biodiversity allows laws to be passed in order to protect species. Biodiversity prevents habitats from being destroyed by people. Maintaining diversity allows species to use up the resources in an ecosystem. Maintaining diversity ensures that species can continue to depend on one another.
Answer:
Maintaining diversity ensures that species can continue to depend on one another.
Explanation:
its the real answer
Answer:
D edge 2022
Explanation:
3
Which experiment would most likely contain experimental bias?
A.
A lab performs a test by giving bacterial colonies the same amount of different antibiotics and growing them under the same conditions.
B.
A company that makes pain relief medication tests the effectiveness of their own medicine compared to that of three other brands.
C.
A student tests the attraction of bees to flowers by placing four different flowers in the same location and counting how many bees visit each.
D.
A chemistry class performs an experiment in which each reaction has the same amount of starting material and begins at the same
id say the correct answer would be
B) A company that makes pain relief medication tests the effectiveness of their own medicine compared to that of three other brands
Answer: B. A company that makes pain relief medication tests the effectiveness of their own medicine compared to that of three other brands.
Explanation:
An experimental bias can be define as a phenomena in which the experimenter chooses subjects which are likely to generate a desire result, instead of normal processes of science. B. A company that makes pain relief medication tests the effectiveness of their own medicine compared to that of three other brands. is the correct option because in this the company will only test the own brand to know the effectiveness of their own product so that changes can be made in it's composition.
How do abiotic and biotic factors work together to influence population size? Explain.
Abiotic and biotic factors interact to influence population size through resource availability, competition, predation, and migration patterns.
Explanation:Abiotic and biotic factors work together to influence population size through their interactions in the ecosystem. Abiotic factors, such as temperature, rainfall, and soil quality, directly affect the availability of resources for organisms. Biotic factors, such as competition for resources and predation, also impact the population size by influencing birth rates, death rates, and migration patterns.
For example, a decrease in rainfall (abiotic factor) can lead to a decrease in plant growth (biotic factor), which then affects the population of herbivores relying on those plants.
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In what way are plants in a sunny medow and sulfur bacteria in a deep sea vent alike ?
The answer is that both produce carbohydrates and water.
Plants to do it in a process called photosynthesis, and they produce oxygen as well and sulfur bacteria do it in a process called chemo-synthesis, and they produce sulfur apart from carbohydrates and water.
they both produce
carbohydrates and water
In the illustration which site would you expect to find balistic magma eruptions without volcanoes?
Ballistic magma eruptions without volcanoes are likely to be found at divergent plate boundaries, specifically at mid-ocean ridges, where the crust is thin and magma can surface without needing to burst through a volcano.
Explanation:In the provided illustration, ballistic magma eruptions without the presence of volcanoes would most likely be found at divergent plate boundaries, specifically at mid-ocean ridges. These are places where the crust is thin and magma can easily make it to the surface without having to burst through a volcano.
It's important to note that ballistic eruptions - which involve the forceful ejection of rocks and particles - are typically associated with explosive volcanic activity. However, they can occur at these tectonic cracks where magma is under less pressure and can escape more easily.
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What property of water refers to water's ability to move up the stem of a plant against the force of gravity? Surface tension Cohesion Adhesion Capillary action
Answer:
actually my friend, its capillary action
Explanation:
Capillary action (sometimes capillarity, capillary motion, capillary effect, or wicking) is the ability of a liquid to flow in narrow spaces without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, external forces like gravity. The effect can be seen in the drawing up of liquids between the hairs of a paint-brush, in a thin tube, in porous materials such as paper and plaster, in some non-porous materials such as sand and liquefied carbon fiber, or in a biological cell. It occurs because of intermolecular forces between the liquid and surrounding solid surfaces. If the diameter of the tube is sufficiently small, then the combination of surface tension (which is caused by cohesion within the liquid) and adhesive forces between the liquid and container wall act to propel the liquid.
Capillary action of water refers to water's ability to move up the stem of a plant against the force of gravity.
What do you mean by capillary action?Capillary action is the process of a liquid flowing in a narrow space without the assistance of, or even in opposition to, any external forces like gravity.
Capillary action is important for moving water (and all of the things that are dissolved in it) around. It is defined as the movement of water within the spaces of a porous material due to the forces of adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension.
Examples of capillary action include the uptake of water in paper and plaster (two porous materials), the wicking of paint between the hairs of a paintbrush, and the movement of water through sand.
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A student is applying the scientific method to a study of the effect of temperature on plant growth. Each day he writes down the temperature in plant height measurements and a table in his laboratory notebook. Which step of the scientific method does this describe?
In some cases of head injuries, the cerebrum may be affected. This type of injury could cause a loss of and impaired
Injuries to the cerebrum can lead to a loss of voluntary movement and impaired speech. Damage to this brain region impacts conscious activities, while damage to other areas like the brain stem affects involuntary processes. Rehabilitation can aid recovery, although some disabilities may remain.
When the cerebrum is affected by a head injury, the individual may experience a loss of voluntary movement and impaired speech. The cerebrum is responsible for conscious functions such as problem-solving, speech, and intentional body movements; therefore, damage to this area can lead to difficulties in these areas. Injury to other parts of the brain, like the brain stem, can affect involuntary functions such as breathing regulation and heart rate.
Moreover, depending on where the stroke has occurred or the extent of the injury, one may also experience difficulties in language abilities, sensory perception, and memory, as well as potential personality changes.
Serious brain injuries such as strokes, which can be hemorrhagic or ischemic, often result in immediate and sometimes lasting symptoms that can include paralysis, confusion, and difficulty with speech and memory. Rehabilitation through various therapies can significantly improve functioning, although in many cases some level of disability may remain. It's crucial to accurately assess neurological functions following a brain injury to determine the best course of treatment.
When two adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerize (form a covalent bond between them), what happens to the DNA?
The DNA of every higher organism consists of two strands which are joined together through bonding between nitrogenous bases. We know well that the base of one strand forms hydrogen bond between the base of the other strand to hold the DNA intact. Thymine always pairs with Adenine and Guanine always pairs with Cytosine, this way an intact and normal DNA structure is formed.
However, sometimes the Ultra violet (UV) rays cause serious damage to DNA. When UV rays are absorbed by DNA, where the bases are thymine or cytosine they add energy at that point. This energy causes the formation of covalent bond between adjacent cytosine- cytosine or thymine-thymine bases of same DNA strand (Please see attached figure). This abnormal process is called the formation of Pyrimidine dimers.
What harm they can incur to us?
Our body cells have excellent DNA proofreading mechanisms that correct the errors in DNA. But sometimes when DNA has to replicate, the dimers don’t let the DNA polymerase enzyme to correctly read DNA strand because there are abnormal structures. The enzyme incorporates wrong base, at the position of dimers for example if C-C dimer is present, adenine instead of guanine will be added at that position. This causes the presence of incorrect base in newly synthesized DNA.
This process leads to mutation in the cells which is very common cause of increased risk of cancers nowadays.
Adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerizing (forming a covalent bond) results in distortions in the normal double helix structure of DNA and can disrupt the processes of replication and transcription. This situation can lead to the induction of mutations. A common example is when ultraviolet light induces the bonding of two adjacent thymines.
Explanation:When two adjacent bases in the same strand of DNA dimerize, a situation like thymine dimer can occur, a covalent linkage forms between two adjacent thymine bases on exposure to ultraviolet radiation. This type of dimer formation results in abnormal covalent bonds within the DNA strand and can produce distortions or kinks in the normal double helix structure of DNA, which in turn can interfere with normal DNA processes including replication and transcription.
While normal DNA structure largely depends on relatively weak hydrogen bonds that connect diverse base pairs (adenine with thymine, and cytocine with guanine), dimerization of two adjacent bases creates a strong covalent bond changing the DNA strand's behavior, interfering with its usual operation and causing possible mutations. An example of this strong dimerization is when ultraviolet light induces dimer formation between two adjacent pyrimidine bases, commonly two thymines, within a nucleotide strand leading potentially to frameshift or point mutations.
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Why would a more diverse habitat be more resilient disease, flooding, and invasion?
Answer:
More diverse habitat follows beta diversity which ensures prevention from wider range of environmental fluctuations. There should be a stabilization in the entire community in terms of invasions, disease events. Species with a limited variety of phenotypes living in a diverse habitat will undergo adaptations in order to cope up with environmental variability.
Trece the path of a drop of venous blood from the small intestine to the left wrist.
Answer:
I am soryy
Explanation:
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What is cell surface area-to-volume ratio, and why is it important in regards to cell size?
The important point is that the surface area to the volume ratio gets smaller as the cell gets larger. Thus, if the cell grows beyond a certain limit, not enough material will be able to cross the membrane fast enough to accommodate the increased cellular volume.
What happens if the hydrogen pumps in photosystems l and ll are not working correctly
The chloroplast will not produce ATP or NADPH.
Hope this helps!
-Payshence
Answer:
The chloroplast will not produce ATP or NADPH.
Explanation:
apex
What is the function of the organelle labeled E in the diagram?
A) controls what goes into and out of the cell
B) gel-like fluid that fills most of the cell
C) controls everything the cell does
D) storage spaces in the cell
The organelle labeled E in the diagram is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It functions in transporting, synthesizing, and storing materials within the cell.
Explanation:The organelle labeled E in the diagram is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)
The ER is a system of channels that are continuous with the nuclear membrane and are composed of the same lipid bilayer material as the cell membrane. It functions in transporting, synthesizing, and storing materials within the cell.
In this diagram, the ER is labeled as E and it is responsible for protein synthesis using its associated ribosomes and sending newly made proteins to the Golgi apparatus for modification and packaging.
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The organelle labeled E in the diagram is endoplasmic reticulum C) controls everything the cell does. Therefore , C) controls everything the cell does is correct.
The ER is a complex network of tubules and sacs that runs throughout the cytoplasm of the cell. It is responsible for a variety of functions, including:
Protein synthesis
The rough ER is responsible for the synthesis of membrane-bound and secretory proteins.
These proteins are synthesized by ribosomes that are attached to the ER membrane.
The ribosomes assemble amino acids into proteins, which are then inserted into the ER lumen.
The proteins are then folded, modified, and packaged into vesicles for transport to the Golgi apparatus.
Lipid synthesis
The smooth ER is responsible for the synthesis of lipids, such as cholesterol and phospholipids.
Lipids are essential components of cell membranes and other cellular structures.
The smooth ER also plays a role in the metabolism of lipids, such as the breakdown of triglycerides and the production of fatty acids.
Carbohydrate metabolism
The smooth ER also plays a role in carbohydrate metabolism, such as the breakdown of glycogen and the production of glucose.
Glycogen is a storage form of glucose that is stored in the liver and muscle cells.
The smooth ER can break down glycogen into glucose when the body needs energy.
The smooth ER can also produce glucose from non-carbohydrate sources, such as amino acids and fatty acids.
Detoxification
The smooth ER contains enzymes that can detoxify harmful substances, such as drugs and toxins.
These enzymes can break down harmful substances into less harmful or non-harmful substances.
The smooth ER also plays a role in the excretion of waste products from the cell.
Transport of molecules
The ER helps to transport molecules throughout the cell and to the cell surface.
The ER can transport proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and other molecules.
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What would happen to the moon and earth if the sun did not exist
The earth would possible freeze and the earth may also leave orbit in the solar system of which could crash into other plants, and if certain planets crash near jupiter or uranus, there would be a temporary sun
Scientists idealized that without the moon, tides would be 1/3 of the size they are now on the earth.
Why tides comes on earth?Tides are very long waves which move across the oceans on earth. They are caused by the gravitational forces pulled on the earth by the moon, and to a lesser extent by the sun. When the highest point in the wave reaches a coast, the coast experiences a high tide.
High tides would be much smaller than they are now, and low tides would be even lower on the earth. This is because the sun would be attracts the tides, not the moon, moreover, the sun has a weaker pull, that would decrease the tides.
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