What research finding counters criminologists who claim that only low-iq criminals get caught?

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Answer 1
There is little difference in the IQ scores of self-reported and official criminals.
The only relationship between IQ and crimes could only be found in the type of crimes that they conducted.
High-Iq criminals tend to be involved in white collars crimes (such as inside tradings or falsifying research) while low-iq criminals tend to caught on crimes in a smaller scale.

Related Questions

What percentage of 5- to 11-year-old children in the united states have asthma?

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10% of children 5-11 years of age have asthma

Some developmentalists have proposed stage theories to describe the changes they observe in growing children. by stage, they mean:

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A major difference between the psychoanalytic stage theories (freud and erikson) and the more cognitive or experimental stage theories (piaget and kohlberg) is

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Final answer:

The fundamental difference between psychoanalytic and cognitive stage theories lies in their approaches to psychological development. While psychoanalytic theories place emphasis on unconscious processes and resolution of conflicts, cognitive theories focus on intellectual progression through thinking, reasoning, and understanding.

Explanation:

A major difference between the psychoanalytic stage theories of Freud and Erikson and the more cognitive or experimental stage theories of Piaget and Kohlberg lies in their focus and approach to psychological development. The psychoanalytic theories put emphasis on the influence of unconscious processes and the resolution of psychosexual or psychosocial conflicts at different stages of development. Freud's work focuses on how childhood experiences and unconscious desires influence behavior, while Erikson's theory is more about social and environmental factors.

In contrast, cognitive theories like those of Piaget and Kohlberg are more focused on the systematic progression of thinking, reasoning, and understanding. Piaget's stages of cognitive development explain how a child's mentality changes as they age, while Kohlberg's theory is based on the understanding of moral reasoning.

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How can we analyze the possible social benefits or consequences to society by the militarization of the police using our sociological imagination? How can we relate this discussion to current world events

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1. We can analyze the possible social benefits or consequences by creating a standard that deemed as 'desirable' social situation and measures the situation before and after the militarization.
If after the militarization our society got closer to the desirable outcome, we would say that the militarization produces a social benefit.

2. We could take a look at the example of American military occupation in Iraq.
Initially, we intended for the militarization to create a democratic country in iraq after we remove the dictator from power.
But it only resulted in a vacuum that attract many radical groups to came in to control the country. In this case, we can conclude that the militarization produce more consequences than benefit.

Some of the social benefits of police militarization is that it has reduces crime. The main argument that favors police militarization is that law enforcement agencies are facing increasingly and highly sophisticated threats from criminal elements.

For example, in 2007 there was a shoot-out in North Hollywood, the two criminals in this incident put on body armor and other sophisticated weapons while the law enforcement agency deployed for the operation didn't have such weapons in their disposal.

LAPD policemen needed to check local gun stores to return fires and protect themselves.  In the aftermath, eleven officers were injured. One of the gun men was killed. Following the incident, there was a demand that the law enforcement agency must be equipped in order to face similar occurrence in the future.

Militarization of the police simply refers to the use of both equipment and tactics of the military by the law enforcement personnel.  These military equipment uses in the militarization of the police include assault rifles, sniper rifles, special weapons and tactics (SWAT teams), submachine guns, flashband grenades, mindsets, and armored personal carrier.

Police militarization also means adopting the military culture in dealing with societal issues. The pattern of the military, its tenets, and models is used by the civilian police. However, there are certain potential dangers of police militarization in the society.

The militarization of the police has reduces public trust for the law enforcement agency, although some community continues to regard their law enforcement agency but since early 2000s, the public trust and confidence in law enforcement agency as an institution has significantly declined.

The majority of American in 2016 national survey stated that believe the use of military equipment and tactics by the police is going too far. In the survey report, American also reiterates that police should obtain a warrant before embarking on any search assignment such as conducting a search on vehicles or home or phone calls monitoring.  

KEYWORDS:

law enforcement agencymilitarization of the police police militarization

When using _____, a person applies a known solution to a similar problem to the current problem. means-ends analysis creativity analogical problem solving insight?

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The correct answer is analogical.

Analogical reasoning refers to the cognitive process, wherein the process of transferring information from a specific subject/individual, from the source to another individual towards the target. It is also used to differentiate and use known data to present problems.

When michael starts high school, he joins the basketball team. he begins to look to his teammates and nba players for cues on how to act on the court, in school and even in his community. michael's basketball team is serving as michael's _____. out-group reference group aggregate secondary group?

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The answer is reference group. Individuals whose outlooks, conduct, principles, sentiments, favorites, and standards are used by a person as the foundation for his or her judgment. One does not have to be an associate of a reference group to be harmfully or definitely prejudiced by its individualities. So in the problem, when he looks for cues on how to act as a basketball player this shows he made them as a basis on how to act.

Which of the following reforms allows voters to choose candidates that will eventually run in general elections?

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I believe the answer is: direct primary 
direct primary  refers to an election in which the voters could participate in determining party's candidate to run for Office.
The only people that have the right to vote in direct primaries are only a registered members of that political party

What innovation led to the increased production in American factories in the early 1800s

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To be so real it was probably gun powder

Answer:

WHAT ARE THE CHOICES

Explanation:

Has the death of the watch been greatly exaggerated apple gets into the game slideshare

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Yes, it has been exaggerated.
The death of apps referring to the situation where businesses obtain less and less visitors from their apps as more competitors able to penetrate the app store.
But the fact is, in last year alone, Apple still obtain about $ 70 Billion in gross revenue from the appstore alone.So the 'death of apps' wouldn't be seen anytime soon.

The subject refers to the technological evolution of devices like Apple Watch countering the idea of watch obsolescence. It also discusses Apple's ethical practices, specifically planned obsolescence, and the company's response to consumer lawsuits over iPhone slow-downs.

The query posed refers to the technological evolution of personal devices, most notably watches and mobile phones, and how companies like Apple have influenced perceptions of obsolescence in technology. The Apple Watch is one such device that has refuted the notion of the 'death' of the watch by incorporating advanced features that extend its functionality well beyond timekeeping. Furthermore, the discussion of Apple's practices regarding intentional slow-downs of older iPhone models highlights ethical considerations in the tech industry, particularly in relation to planned obsolescence.Apple's marketing strategies, including product advertisements, push their agenda by framing their devices as essential, cutting-edge, and life-enhancing tools. The reference to a $500 million settlement following the class-action lawsuit implies a consumer backlash to these tactics, prompting Apple to agree to more ethical and transparent business practices. Such contemporary issues capture the complex interaction between technological advancement, marketing, consumer behavior, and ethics.

The popular idea that terminally ill and bereaved people go through predictable stages, such as denial, anger, and so forth:

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The popular idea that terminally ill and bereaved people go through predictable stages, such as denial, anger, and so forth "is not supposed by research studies".

The five stages of dying are;denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance.These stages start when the patient is first known of a terminal ailment. While Kubler-Ross trusted this to be general, there is a considerable amount of space for singular variety. Not every person experiences each stage and the order of the stages might be distinctive for every individual.
This idea is not supported by research studies.

Research studies have found that Kubler-Ross's theory that grieving individuals go thorough predictable stages of grief has not been corroborated by further research. Instead research on grief and bereavement has found that different individuals cope with death differently, and might experience some of Kubler-Ross's stages (denial, anger, etc.), but not in a fixed order. 

Maria has excellent study habits. she seems to know just what to review and how long to spend on each part of every course. maria is applying what type of knowledge?

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She is applying Conditional Knowledge. This type of knowledge is described as knowing "when" and "why" we must use declarative and procedural knowledge that is stored in long-term memory. Knowing how to use this knowledge is essential to have healthy study habits.

Herbert hoover's response to the great depression can best be summarized as

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Initially, a voluntarist approach to both recovery and relief, but then an unprecedented series of active government measures.
At first, Herbert Hoover tried to let the free market/private sectors to settle the economic problems themselves. But since their actions did not come to fruition, Hoover decided to made several government programs to help the economy.

Final answer:

Herbert Hoover's response to the Great Depression was marked by his ideological belief in minimal government intervention, leading to limited and largely ineffective federal relief efforts.

Explanation:

President Herbert Hoover's response to the Great Depression can be characterized by his belief in American individualism and a philosophy of limited government intervention. Despite the worsening economic situation, Hoover initially resisted government action, emphasizing volunteerism and self-reliance. He believed that direct government aid was akin to handouts. Eventually, Hoover established the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) and pushed for public works and tax cuts, yet his actions were seen as insufficient to address the magnitude of the crisis. The limited scope of federal relief and investment, owing to Hoover's ideological convictions, meant that much of America felt little impact from these measures.

How do you think lenin's early life affected his later political ideas?

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Vladímir Ilich Ulyanov, whose alias is Lenin, was born as the 4th child in a stable family economically, his father had a state office which gave high status to the family.

There is no evidence that he had any interest in politics during his childhood, however, during adolescence, his older brother, Aleksandr Ulyanov, died shot by the government, he was accused of conspiring against Sar Alexander III. Many historians believe that it was the death of his brother that prompted him to take an interest in politics.

 I hope this information can help you.

The execution of his brother caused Lenin to question and rejection to the government.

Vladimir Lenin was a Russian communist revolutionary and leader of the Bolshevik Party who became prominent during the Russian Revolution of 1917.

He was born in 1870 into a middle-class family in Ulyanovsk, Russia. As a teenager, he was politically radicalized following the execution of his older brother in 1887 for plotting to assassinate Czar Alexander III.

Alphonse watches the way his brother shelves the driveway in order to clear a spot for their grandmother's car. alphonse then goes outside, takes another shovel, and starts shoveling the snow off of the walkaway from the driveway to the front door. phone uses the same technique as his brother. this demonstatres learning through

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I believe this demonstrate learning through non-verbal sensory (seeing) and learning through imitation.
This type of learning is conducted by relying on the vision to obtain information on a certain knowledge, and the act of repeating what we see in order to implement it.

Which of the following statements is false? One may be genetically predisposed to gain weight. Humans have an innate preference for sweet and salty foods. Eating preferences across cultures are the same. Eating preferences can develop through conditioning.

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Hello!

True statements:
a. One may be genetically predisposed to gain weight.
b. Humans have an innate preference for sweet and salty foods.
d. Eating preferences can develop through conditioning.

False statement:
c. Eating preferences across cultures are the same.

I believe the answer is: c. Eating preferences across cultures are the same.

Eating preferences is heavily affected by things such as religion, resources availity, and general knowledge. For example, in united states beef may be regarded as one of the most popular choice of meat. In India on the other hands,  it is very unlikely that you see public restaurants serving beef since its regarded as a sacred animal in their culture.

Given what you know about George Washington, why do you think he rarely used the veto power?

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George Washington probably didn't want to silence the voices of those he was serving. Considering history the British were crass and tyrannous and didn't hear the voices of their people whereas George Washington wanted to put all ideas on the
table.

Washington seldom exercised his veto authority, perhaps because Congress's legislation already reflected his views because of its esteem for G. Washington.

George Washington and his use of veto power:

Long before he became a leader, Washington possessed a number of qualities that naturally contributed to his leadership style. He was renowned for his perseverance, tenacity, meticulousness, strong sense of accountability, and unwavering moral principles. People were drawn to him and trusted him more because of all these qualities.

On April 5, 1792, President George Washington used his veto for the first time to reject a previous apportionment law on the grounds that it was unconstitutional. In a letter to the House outlining his veto reasons, Washington raised two complaints.

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A decision criterion defines what is relevant in a decision.

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Smart and hard. I have no clue.

This is the process used in many U.S. states that allows citizens to introduce ideas for new laws to the state legislature.

A. Initiative

B. Referendum

C. Ordinance

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The process used in a lot of states in the US for citizens to introduce ideas for new laws for the state legislature is Initiative. initiative – a law or constitutional amendment introduced by citizens through a petition process either to the legislature or directly to the voters.
The referendum is when a process by which voters may petition to demand a popular vote on a new law passed by the legislature.

The process used in many U.S. states that allows citizens to introduce ideas for new laws to the state legislature is Initiative. Therefore, correct answer is A.

Generally, an initiative (also known as a citizen's initiative) This method allows a government to choose whether to enact a law or hold a public vote based on a petition signed by a certain number of registered voters.

Direct initiative - It is an initiative measure that is directly placed on the ballot and is subject to the approval or rejection of voters. Legislators are not consulted before submitting the measure.

Indirect initiative - After sufficient signatures have been collected from the voting population, a legislature votes on an indirect initiative. The measure is usually only submitted to a subsequent popular vote if the legislature amends it.

The initiative process involves citizens introducing laws or constitutional amendments either to the legislature or directly to the voters through petition processes.

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Though Congress passed legislation to restrict immigration in the early 1920s, one border was left relatively open. Which border was this, and why?

A)The Canadian border was left open because Canada and the United States had recently signed a treaty to restore peace in the North American region.
B)The East Coast was left open because of business agreements with Eastern European countries, which brought money to the United States.
C)The Mexican border was left open because labor coming from Mexico was particularly cheap, and many agricultural workers were needed.
D)The West Coast was left open because Asian immigrants had recently been allowed to enter the United States following a long period of exclusion.

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C) The Mexican Border is corrext

Leah has been amusing her parents with her ability to remember new words, people's names, and the names of her dolls. this type of intentional memory that allows children to recall and declare facts, names, and events is known as _____ memory.

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The type of intentional memory that allows Leah to recall the mentioned things above is explicit memory. The explicit memory or also known as the declarative memory is in need of conscious thought that would be of use to recall things that had occur, this falls on the category of the long term memory.

Behaviorists suggest maladaptive behavior can be a result of

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Behaviorists suggest that maladaptive behavior can be a result of poor learning patterns that manifest and sustain it. When individuals are rewarded for poor behavior, rather than good behavior, they sustain the poor and maladaptive behavior. For instance, if a child keeps crying until his parent gives him a piece of candy, he will eventually learn that by crying and throwing tanturms, his parents will let him have his way

The head of government independently decides that no citizens may criticize the government and must attend a parade in his honor. What type of ruler is he?

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This type of ruler sounds like a dictator. A dictator is an individual with absolute power over a country, making any laws that he/she sees as necessary. This person usually gains their position by force and gets rid of anyone who will try to stop them. A historical example of a dictator would be Adolph Hitler, who used the tactics described above to rise to political power in Germany.

Instructions:Drag the correct tiles to the box. Not all tiles will be used. Identify the goods or animals that Europeans introduced to the Americas. turkeyscornwheathorses

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Answer:

Wheat and Horses

Explanation:

Edmentum said they brought over Wheat and Horses but it never said anything bout Corn or Turkeys

The goods or animals that were introduced to Europe by the Americas

-potatoes-corn-pineapples. Thus, option (a), (b), and (c) is correct.

The Columbian Exchange made it easier for illnesses, animals, and plants to travel from the Americas to Europe and Africa. The economy and ecology of the planet were significantly impacted by the trade of products and animals between the two continents.

European agriculture and food saw enormous changes as a result of the introduction of goods from the Americas, such as potatoes and corn, to Europe. Pineapples were also brought from the Americas to Europe, where they came to represent luxury and prosperity.

Therefore, option (a), (b), and (c) is correct.

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Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was.

Drag the correct tiles to the box. Not all tiles will be used.

Identify the goods or animals that were introduced to Europe by the Americas.

-potatoes

-corn

-pineapples

-hors​es

According to erikson's theory of development, chronic illness can interfere with which stage of development in an 11-year-old child?

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Final answer:

Chronic illness can interfere with the fourth stage of Erikson's psychosocial development, 'industry vs. inferiority,' for an 11-year-old, potentially leading to feelings of inferiority and impacting self-esteem and belief in their abilities.

Explanation:

According to Erikson's theory of development, a chronic illness can interfere with the fourth stage of development known as industry vs. inferiority, important for 11-year-old children. This stage is critical for developing a sense of competence and achievement. When children successfully navigate this stage, they emerge with a sense of industry, feeling confident in their ability to achieve goals.

However, if an 11-year-old child experiences chronic illness, it can present significant challenges to this development. Due to potential limitations in activity and participation, the child may struggle with feelings of inferiority and may have difficulty developing the same competence and confidence as their peers. Consequently, this conflict can impact the child's self-esteem and belief in their abilities, potentially leading to long-term implications for their self-concept and social relationships.

Terracing is a technique that farmers use to __________. A. prevent all severe weather from affecting crops B. grow more than one crop in the same area C. overcome difficult terrain D. grow crops in extremely dry climates

hurry 5 mins left on test

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C , overcome difficult terrain
(Farmers often use this technique on uneven or mountainous terrain)
c should be the answer hope this helps

Why has the americans with disabilities act presented a new challenge to job analysts?

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Because  ADA requires employers to make some reasonable accommodations that would enable people with disabilities to do their essential job duties.
In job analyst point if view,  This may require the organization to alter the job process to cater for the disabled employees (most likely will make the job less demanding) and make it hard for the job analyst to measure the productivity of all employees fairly.

Answer:

It has made hard for the job analysts since the ADA requires “reasonable accommodations” if needed in order to perform “essential functions” of a job. There are some people with disability that need to be accommodated unless the accommodation would cause undue hardship, they still need to perform the essential functions of the job, but they may need a little bit of help in order to perform those functions.


The majority of Civil War deaths came as a result of
A) disease and infection.
B) fighting on the battlefield.
C) starvation and malnutrition.
D) an outbreak of Spanish Influenza.

Answers

A) disease and infection

The majority of Civil War deaths came as a result of disease and infection. Hence, option A is appropriate.

What is the Civil War?

A civil war in the United States, the American Civil War. The Union and the Confederacy, the latter of which was made up of seceding states, engaged in combat.

The Latin word bellum civile, which means "war of or related to citizens," is where the term "civil war" originates. It was initially used to refer to the Roman civil conflicts of the first century BCE.

The Civil War was won by the North. The main Confederate armies submitted to American forces at Bennett Place and Appomattox Court House in April 1865, ending a four-year war.

In contrast, a civil war sees a nation split into groups that are at war with one another. The American Civil War (1861–1865), in which the northern states battled to keep the U.S. intact and the southern states fought to leave it, is one of the most well-known examples.

Hence, option A is correct.

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At _____ years of age, children realize they need to remember some things, and they try to do so, usually via rehearsal (repeating an item again and again). this is not the most efficient strategy, but repetition can lead to automatization.

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I believe the answer is 5-7 years old.
Up to this point, the ability to store long-term memory has started to develop. This stage is very crucial for most parents because if the children does not receive proper accommodation during this period, it would be very likely that the children will grow up with learning disabilities. 

Each court of appeals normally hears cases in panels consisting of ________ judge

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Each court of appeals normally hears cases in panels consisting of 3 judges. 

According to batson and his colleagues (2002), _____ is appearing moral while avoiding the costs of being so.

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According to your text, moral hypocrisy is the term Batson and his colleagues (2002) used to describe the tendency to appear moral while avoiding the costs of being so.

The Moral Hypocrisy phenomenon suggests that moral people are often the same people who fail to act morally. While people can see the morally right path, it doesn't guarantee that "moral people" will go to such path.
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Which of these rhetorical devices was the author of the declaration using when he repeated "He" followed by a verb over and over again? Zach is filling his dogs bowl with water. Is it reasonable to say that Zach will need about 4 gallons of water? use the proportion to convert millimeters to centimeters. 10mm/1cm=47mm/x When Mendel crossed purebred purple flowering plants (PP) with purebred white flowering plants (pp), what were the flower colors of the resulting offspring? 25 percent white and 75 percent purple 50 percent white and 50 percent purple 100 percent purple 100 percent white Which of the following leaders was a Cambodian visionary who used his charismatic personality to reach dangerous goals? A. Pol Pot B. Josef Stalin C. Mohandas Ghandi D. 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One can distinguish between their belief and job obligation under the following circumstance in which they would feel that they wont be able to provide a good defense for their client because they would not want to defend a client whose admission of guilt is contrary to their clients stated position in court. I believe that one mustnt draw the line between their belief and job obligations because then you would denying people their 8th Amendment Constitutional right which clearly states ... nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. I personally believe that you are violating your client's 6th amendment US Constitutional right which clearly states their unalienable right of having legal representation. According to the Morales law firm in San Francisco, lawyers are morally bound to defend their clients regardless of their innocence or guilt vigorously. Even if the client admits to the guilt, there's no knowing if that person actually committed the crime, they may be trying to protect someone or maybe guilty of a lesser crime. Even if I feel that it may be wrong to defend one in the case where my client is a murderer and my client has admitted to me that he/she has committed the crime. In the American Justice system, one is only accused of a crime until they are proven innocent or guilty. Based on the underlying basis of the system, I would still do my best effort to try and defend this client because I dont have to defend my client by having to insist that he/she is innocent. I can instead go the route of presenting the facts of the case through the best defense possible and leave it up to the jurors and the judge to determine the verdict (innocent or guilty). 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B. upright and smaller than the object.C. inverted and larger than the object. D. inverted and smaller than the object.I dont believe its C or D. If you believe so can you please explain? Pennfoster Test On june 1 a school district levies the property taxes for its fiscal year that will end on june 30. the total amount of the levy is $1,000,000 and 1% is expected to be uncollectible. of the levy, $250,000 is collected in june and another 500,000 is collected in july and and august. what is the maximum amount of property tax revenue associated with the june 1 levy that the school district might report as revenue in the fiscal year ending june 30? An arrow shot into the air is 160t -16^2 feet above the ground t is seconds after it is released. During what period of time is the arrow above 384 feet? How did thomas jefferson react to shays's rebellion? 37.5 x 10 to the negative 6 in scientific notation?