Answer:
1938
Explanation:
Veterans Day originated as "Armistice Day" on Nov. 11, 1919, the first anniversary of the end of World War 1. Congress passed a resolution in 1926 for an annual observance, and Nov. 11 became a national holiday beginning in 1938.
Veterans Day was first celebrated as a national holiday on November 11, 1954, expanding the commemoration from the original Armistice Day to honor all U.S. military veterans.
Veterans Day was first celebrated as a national holiday in the United States on November 11, 1954. Before that, the day was known as Armistice Day, commemorating the end of World War I. The transition to Veterans Day was made to honor all U.S. veterans, not just those who served in World War I. The significance of the day is to recognize and honor the courage and sacrifice of those who served in the military, and it stands as a reminder of the cost of war.
What was different about the revival of the Ku Klux Klan in the 1920s?
ANSWER FROM EDGE:
The Klan targeted non-blacks, including Jews, Catholics, and immigrants.
The Klan promoted patriotism and fundamentalism.
The Klan advocated white supremacy.
The Klan attacked the elite, urbanites, and intellectuals.
The Klan denounced the social trends of the era, like bootlegging and movies.
The correct answer is A: The Klan targeted non-blacks, including Jews, Catholics, and immigrants.
Further Explanation:
It was during the revival in the 1920s that the Klan recruited more people. They had made a comeback after the Jim Crow laws had essentially disbanded the Klan years earlier.
However, this time they came back and targeted more than the African American people, they went after the religions that did not suit their ideologies such as Catholics and Jewish people. IN addition to the religious people, they also went after the immigrants.
It was during this time, that the Klan had more than 4 million members. In 1925, the Klan had a large march in Washington D.C. In addition to the new members, they also had a lot of political power in many Southern states. It was also during the late 1920's when many things started coming out about the Klan and they lost members due to sexual scandals and internal battles over power.
Learn more about the KKK at https://brainly.com/question/456908
#LearnwithBrainly
Answer:
It was during the revival in the 1920s that the Klan recruited more people. They had made a comeback after the Jim Crow laws had essentially disbanded the Klan years earlier.However, this time they came back and targeted more than the African American people, they went after the religions that did not suit their ideologies such as Catholics and Jewish people. IN addition to the religious people, they also went after the immigrants.It was also during the late 1920's when many things started coming out about the Klan and they lost members due to sexual scandals and internal battles over power
Which of the following best describes Roosevelt's beliefs about U.S. foreign policy in Latin America?
A. American interests were best focused on domestic policies.
B. The U.S. had no need to expand its influence in Latin America.
C. The U.S. had no need to interfere in Central and South America.
D. American interests benefited the rest of the Western Hemisphere.
Answer:
D
think of candida as a Corgi and Mexico and a Chihuahua and the .U.S. is a pitbull. it is part of the monroe document,if Asia, or Eroup attack them then we will get involved.
Answer:
The correct answer is D. Roosevelt believed that American interests benefited the rest of the Western Hemisphere.
Explanation:
President Theodore Roosevelt's policies and beliefs regarding Latin America were embodied in the Roosevelt Corollary.
The Roosevelt Corollary was a foreign policy postulate, in addition to the Monroe Doctrine, written by President Theodore Roosevelt. Coupled with the Big Stick Policy, the Corollary was the milestone of a period of direct US control over Latin American countries.
According to the Monroe Doctrine, enunciated by James Monroe in 1820, the nations of America should henceforth be exempt from further European colonization. As a consequence of this doctrine, the United States was committed to the independence and integrity of the American nations in the face of the expansionism of the European powers.
The Roosevelt Corollary was expressed in the President's State of the Union Address of 1904. The United States declared itself willing to militarily occupy countries that were experiencing a crisis due to their foreign debt. In the Address, Roosevelt expressed his conviction that a nation that can maintain order and fulfill its obligations need not fear US interference. However, a "civilized nation" such as the United States would have to assume the role of "world police" and be forced to intervene in the event of a weakening of civilized society ties in other countries.
Credit Mobilier, Teapot Dome, and Watergate are all examples of ________.
A. scandals that damaged the reputations of various presidents.
B. efforts that failed to regulate government spending.
C. congressional attempts to limit presidential power.
D. foreign policies designed to contain communism.
Answer:
A. scandals that damaged the reputations of various presidents.
Explanation:
All of the above are examples of major scandals that happened while certain presidents were in office.
Credit Mobilier was in 1867, Teapot Dome 1921-1923, Watergate 1972.
The most talked-about scandal would be the Watergate since it was a major letdown at the time and the most recent one.
7.11: Changing Worlds Unit Test
(Answer the three questions below correctly as soon as possible and you will get 40 points.)
1.) Explain how the Aztec religion played a role in the demise of the Aztecs.
2.) Explain how the Incan Empire was able to maintain a large and diverse empire.
3.) Describe 2 ways in which the Aztecs and Incas were similar. Describe 2 ways in which they were different.
Answer:
1. A very important moment of the Aztec civilization was their religion: they worshiped the Sun god and offered human sacrifice to him.
This is supposed to be one of the reasons they did not kill all the Spanish soldiers - they planned on sacrificing them. This turned out to be a fatal decision since the Spaniards later managed to conquer them.
Another belief is that they thought the Spaniards were their gods.
2. The Incan Empire relied mostly on their infrastructure. They had good engineers and architects who built roads and canals in order to retain control over newly conquered lands.
Their laws were also very strict and everybody needed to work in order to contribute to the community. For the Incas, work was a way of taxing their people.
3. One of the similarities of these two civilizations was their religion. Both Aztecs and the Incas practiced human sacrifice. They worshiped many gods but the most important one was without any doubt the Sun god.
Also related to religion, the Incas and the Aztecs built temples. These temples' architecture was similar to the Egyptian pyramids, only what they did was overbuild, meaning they used ancient temples as base for new temples, so they did not destroy but build on top, in order to build even greater temples.
On the other hand, the Aztecs and the Incas were very different. The Incas excelled in engineering and building, while the Aztecs were artisans who created luxurious jewelry and headdresses.
There is another thing that is government related. While the Incas worried about maintaining power over the conquered peoples, the Aztecs missed out on that and they had these peoples turn against them and fight them when the conquistadors arrived.
Read more on Brainly.com - https://brainly.com/question/13974127#readmore
Explanation:
hehe
The Aztec's religion involving human sacrifice and belief in prophecies contributed to their downfall. The Incan Empire maintained its diverse empire through efficient systems and road networks. Both Aztecs and Incas were similar in advancements, religion and leadership structure, but differed in geographical location, language, and form of government.
Explanation:1.) The Aztec religion played a significant part in their demise as it involved human sacrifices, which alienated other tribes and resulted in many enemies. Furthermore, Aztecs believed in prophecies and when the Spanish conquerors arrived, some thought it fulfilled a prophecy, causing internal divisions which made the conquest easier.
2.) The Incan Empire was able to maintain a large and diverse empire through efficient administrative systems and road networks. The Incas implemented taxation in the form of labor, which contributed to the building and maintaining of infrastructure. They also used a system of relay runners, to quickly pass information around the empire.
3.) The Aztecs and Incas were similar in that both were advanced in engineering as demonstrated by their impressive city structures and infrastructure. Both also had complex religious practices, and strong leadership. However, they differed in geographical location (Aztecs in Mexico and Incas in Andes) and language (Nahuatl for Aztecs and Quechua for Incas). Moreover, Incas had a more centralized administrative and government structure compared to the city-state system of the Aztecs.
Learn more about Aztecs and Incas here:https://brainly.com/question/2084529
#SPJ6
______ is the organized, collective fighting involving at least one political unit that seeks political or economic control over a territory or other important resource against another political unit or social group.
Answer:
The answer is war.
Explanation:
War involves collective fighting and it aims at territorial expansion, economic dominace or control over a resource. Ther can also be wars of survival.
Who first proposed that armistice day be renamed veterans day?
Answer:
The answer is: Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Explanation:
In 1954, the holiday's name was officially changed by the congress from Armistice Day to Veteran's Day.
The President signed the legislation on June 1, 1954.
World War II veteran Raymond Weeks first proposed renaming Armistice Day to Veterans Day in 1945, in order to honor all veterans. He organized the first national celebration in 1947, and the name change officially became law in 1954.
Explanation:The proposal to rename Armistice Day to Veterans Day was put forward by WWII veteran Raymond Weeks in 1945. The concept was to expand the day to honor all veterans, not just those from WWI. Weeks led the first national celebration commemorating Veterans Day in 1947, even before it was officially named so. President Eisenhower signed a bill into law in 1954 officially changing Armistice Day to Veterans Day thanks to Weeks' unrelenting efforts. Thus, Raymond Weeks is recognized as the "Father of Veterans Day".
Learn more about Renaming of Armistice Day here:https://brainly.com/question/34153528
#SPJ11
Within three months after the election of 1860: Stephen Douglas left the Democratic Party. the Whig party collapsed. Lincoln decided to express no words of reconciliation. seven southern states had left the Union.
Answer:
Within three months after the election of 1860 seven southern states had left the Union.
Explanation:
The presidential election of 1860 led to the outbreak of Civil War. The country was divided throughout the 1850s on state rights and slavery in the new territories. In 1860, this ultimately caused a split in the dominant Democratic Party into southern and northern factions. This led to the election victory of the Republican Party candidate Abraham Lincoln without any support from the southern states.
The immediate result of Lincoln’s victory was the declaration of South Carolina, and then other southern states, to withdraw from the United States. The withdrawal statement was declared illegal by both President James Buchanan, who was still in office, and President-elect Abraham Lincoln.
In a 2009 interview, while defending his foreign policies, President Barack Obama objected to comparisons between the war in Afghanistan and the war in Vietnam. Obama’s attempt to avoid a comparison to Vietnam is not unique, as many Americans now view the Vietnam War as a mistake. Is this opinion supported by historical realities? For your essay, develop an argument evaluating this contemporary view of the Vietnam War. In doing so, respond to the following questions: Why has the Vietnam War come to be viewed in a negative light? Is this negative view warranted? In your answer, consider topics such as: why the United States got involved in the war, the experience of fighting in the war, the reasons that the U.S. withdrew, and the effects of that withdrawal. Use examples from your studies as evidence to support your answer.
gosh I need help please
Answer:
As President Obama announced he's sending more troops to ... on critics who made comparisons between the current situation and the war in Vietnam. nations that recognizes the legitimacy of our action," Obama said during his U.S. and coalition forces have been fighting in Afghanistan for more than
2,300 of them American
Explanation:
hope this helps have a wonderful and blessed day
The US was involved in the Vietnam War as it did not want to cross Vietnam into Communism by sending troops to the nation.
What were the stages of US involvement in Vietnam war?Eisenhower sent American military advisers to South Vietnam to train state troops.Kennedy sent 3,000 military advisers, helicopters, and American pilots to South Vietnam.Johnson urged Congress to pass the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution and send more American troops to Vietnam.The Tet Offensive pressured the majority of Americans to oppose the war.Nixon announced the Vietnamization plan, withdrawing US troops without appearing defeated.Thus, these were the reasons behind US involvement in the Vietnam War.
Learn more about the Vietnam War here:
https://brainly.com/question/893844
#SPJ2
In 1099 the Crusaders: attacked the Muslim homeland at Mecca. were defeated by Islamic forces in Egypt. were led by Richard the Lionhearted and Frederick Barbarossa. attacked Jewish settlements in Cologne and Speyer. seized Jerusalem, slaughtering many Muslim, Christian, and Jewish residents of the city.
Answer:
Seized Jerusalem, slaughtering many Muslim, Christian, and Jewish residents of the city.
Explanation:
The First Crusade had begun after the call of Pope Urban II during the Clermont Council to conquer the Holy Land from the Muslims. The siege of Jerusalem was a siege that took place between June 7 and July 15, 1099, during the First Crusade. The Crusaders managed to penetrate and conquer the holy city of Jerusalem that was in the hands of the Fatimid caliphate of Egypt. Once the Crusaders got into the city they began to carry out a massacre in which almost all the inhabitants of Jerusalem died. The massacre lasted during the afternoon, night and morning of the next day. Muslims, Jews, and even some Christians were massacred in an outbreak of indiscriminate violence. Many Muslims sought refuge in the mosque of Al-Aqsa where, according to a famous story by Gesta Francorum, "the carnage was so great that our men walked with blood at the height of their ankles..."
Which group in nineteenth-century america would likely be the most receptive audience for what to the slave is the fourth of july?""
Answer:
Abolitionists
Explanation:
These are people that were involved in a movement to end slavery.
Answer:
D: abolitionists
Edg 2020
The chart shows immigration to the United States between 1840 and 1920.
(Picture)
Which conclusion does the chart support?
America experienced a major population increase and did not want to disrupt its ethnic diversity by going to war.
America experienced a major population decrease and could not afford to get involved in a war overseas.
America experienced a major population increase and did not want to disrupt this growth by going to war.
America experienced a major population decrease in 1910 and could not afford to lose more people in a war overseas.
Answer:
we could not Afford to go to war, this was during the depression
The correct answer is A) America experienced a major population increase and did not want to disrupt its ethnic diversity by going to war.
The conclusion that the chart support is "America experienced a major population increase and did not want to disrupt its ethnic diversity by going to war."
The context of immigration in the US in those was that many ethnic groups arrived in the country as immigrants. People from Europe and Asia flooded the country and some had to fight in World War 1, although the foreign policy of President Woodrow Wilson was of neutrality. Eventually, the US had to enter World War 1 on April 6, 1917, after the sinking of the Lusitania ship by the German navy.
What did the city of Great Zimbabwe become known for?
A. Wars
B. Stone architecture
C. Diamonds
D. Irrigation systems
Answer: stone architecture
Explanation:
the city had grown strong, and was well known as an important religious and trading center.
dissolved the power of the monarchy, empowered Parliament, and established individual liberties for British subjects document that organized and united the colonies during the Revolutionary War provided the earliest form of government for a group of colonists set a precedent for the westward expansion of America how the colonies declared freedom from British governance
The English bill of rights is the one that can dissolved the power of theonarchy, can empower the parliament and finally stablish the individual liberties for the British subjects.
Why did people in most European nations believe that the war that started in August 1914 would end quickly? European nations were suffering from a severe economic depression. There had been drought and famine in many European nations in the preceding decade. Civilians were not allowed to remain in the armed forces for longer than one year. Each nation believed it had superior military forces and strategies.
People in most European nations believe that the war that started in August 1914 would end quickly because each nation believed it had superior military forces and strategies.
Answer: Option D
Explanation:
World War I which broke out in 1914 between the central powers and the allies almost lasted for 4 years and caused great destruction in terms of life and property. But originally when it started most of the European nations believed that it will be very short lived and would get over in very short period of time.
Their believed was depended on the trust that they had on their country's military forces and its strategies. People in Europe were confident of the victory of their nations and believed that within few months this war will be over.
Answer:
superior military forces
Explanation:
What can an increase in the power of the ku klux klan during the 1920s be attributed to?
Answer:
The correct answer is an ascent in nativism and the Great Migration Explanation:
The old and the new came into sharp clash during the 1920s. While numerous Americans commended the rise of present day innovations and less prohibitive social standards, others firmly questioned the social changes of the 1920s.
PS:
(If this answers your question can you please vote me Brainliest? Thank you )
The pioneering research of Lewis Latimer and Thomas Edison, who became known for his invention of the light bulb, accelerated the development of the first power plant, which opened in New York City in 1882.
A. of Lewis Latimer and Thomas Edison, who became known for his invention of the light bulb,
B. of Lewis Latimer and Thomas Edison, known for his invention of the light bulb,
C. of Thomas Edison, known for his invention of the light bulb, and Lewis Latimer
D. of Lewis Latimer and Thomas Edison became known for his invention of the light bulb and
E. that was conducted by Thomas Edison, who became known for his invention of the light bulb, and Lewis Latimer
Answer:
C. of Thomas Edison, known for his invention of the light bulb, and Lewis Latimer
Explanation:
This way of writing the phrase clears the ambiguity of whose invention it is.
Answer:
C.) of Thomas Edison, known for his invention of the light bulb, and Lewis Latimer
Explanation:
i also had this question, got it right :)
President washington signed into law the judiciary act of 1789. Name this law
Answer:
An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States
Explanation:
Judiciary Act of 1789, titled "An Act to Establish the Judicial Courts of the United States," President George Washington signed into law on September 24, 1789. The Judiciary Act of 1789 recognizes the structure of the federal court system.
Answer:
Feb 1791
Explanation:
This meeting of the allied leaders was held in the summer of 1945 in eastern germany following the nazi surrender
Answer:
It was the Postdam Conference held in Postdam, occupied Germany, between July 17 and August 2, 1945. British prime minister Winston Churchil (replaced on July 26 by Clement Attlee), Soviet paramount leader Joseph Stalin and US president Harry Truman met. Their goal was to negotiate the terms and conditions of postwar Europe. The future borders of Europe was one of the main topics discussed.
Explanation:
Given the example of Serbia’s independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1885, do ethnicities seeking their own nations have other methods to address their concerns beyond resorting to terrorism? Explain.
Answer:
Affirmatively, ethnic groups seeking independence as free nations have other methods to achieve their goal, without incurring terrorist actions.
Although sadly we have plenty of examples of terrorist actions committed with the aim of forcing the independence of a certain ethnic group (ETA in favor of the independence of the Basque Country in Spain; or the terrorist actions of the Kurds in the Middle East), there are many other ethnicities who have sought their independence through peaceful means.
An example of this is Catalunia, which since 2012 has been trying to separate peacefully from Spain, even declaring its independence in 2017 after a popular referendum.
Another example of independence by peaceful means is that obtained by India, in which its population participated in non-violent protests and action measures against Great Britain, without incurring armed confrontations or sporadic attacks.
Though Julius Caesar played a major role in transforming the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire and the Roman people had proclaimed him Rome's dictator for life, he was assassinated by a group of____________.
A. guards
B. insurgents
C. peasants
D. senators
Answer:
The correct answer is D. senators
Explanation:
Julius Caesar (100 BCE - 44 BCE) was a Roman politician who ruled the ancient Roman Republic during its last days and into its transformation into the Roman Empire. Julius Caesar was a very popular politician, widely renowned for his military victories and his political reforms. Already a very powerful politician, in early 44 BCE he was proclaimed dictator perpetuo, or perpetual dictator of the Roman Republic. Already angered by many of his reforms, a group of Roman senators conspired against him, fearing that Caesar's ultimate goal was to establish a monarchy. On March 15, 44 BCE, the conspirating senators ambushed and stabbed Julius Caesar to death.
Ap us history "If any one proposition could command the universal assent of mankind, we might expect it would be this:________
a) that the government of the Union, though limited in its powers, is supreme within its sphere of action.
b) This would seem to result necessarily from its nature.
c) It is the government of all; its powers are delegated by all; it represents all, and acts for all.
d) Though any one State may be willing to control its operations, no State is willing to allow others to control them.
e) The nation, on those subjects on which it can act, must necessarily bind its component parts.…
f) Although, among the enumerated powers of government, we do not find the word ‘bank’ or ‘incorporation,’ we find the great powers to lay and collect taxes; to borrow money; to regulate commerce; to declare and conduct a war; and to raise and support armies and navies…
g) a government, intrusted with such ample powers…must also be instructed with ample means for their execution.…
We are unanimously of opinion, that the law passed by the legislature of Maryland, imposing a tax on the Bank of the United States, is unconstitutional and void." Chief Justice John Marshall, McCullough v. Maryland, 1819
Answer and Explanation:
a) that the government of the Union, though limited in its powers, is supreme within its sphere of action.
The text above expresses ideas that can be understood if we think of the debates about the relationship between the federal government and the states governments.
What year did Gavrilo princip shoots archduke franz ferdinand in sarajevo
Answer: 1914
Explanation:
For most of the Soviet era, alochol was a tremendous source of revenue for the Soviet state, which exercised a monopoly on alcohol's production and distribution. For example, in 1979 the Soviet state derived a whopping 25.4 billion rubles in indirect taxes from the sale of alcoholic beverages, an amount greater than what was paid in income tax.
Answer: true
Explanation: the alcoholism in that time was the major cause in the soviet society of the high rates of child abuse, self damage, divorces, absenteeism, and accidents on the job. Also it contributed to the rise of mortality rates particularly among Soviet males that was detected in the 1970s. Alcohol was one of the initial catalysts of that time.
What were some of the long-term effects of the Reagan Revolution and the rise of conservatives?
Answer:
Some effects of Reaganomics are:
- a long period of growth that extended even beyond Reagan´s presidency;
- the taming of inflation,
- reduced regulations in US economy;
- the growth of the US federal budget´s deficit due to the significant reduction of income and capital gains taxes ir order to estimulate private investment and job creation.
Explanation:
Answer:
The Reagan Revolution envisioned substantial tax cuts to benefit individuals and businesses.
Through strict spending control, Reagan gradually managed to bring inflation down to about 4% to 6% a year during his term.
The then American president was also in favor of stimulating economic growth through greater production of goods and services - which would be reflected in the increase in job openings.
After reaching 10.6% of the economically active population at the end of 1982, unemployment fell to 5.5% in 1988.
On the other hand, the increase in defense spending, the cut in taxes and other economic factors led to an increase in the public deficit.
Reagan was also a supporter of the government's deregulation and decentralization.
Releasing regulation in various sectors, the then American president received criticism from some analysts, who accused him of making room for public health and safety problems.
Dozens of federal programs were transferred to states and municipalities, in a system of "new federalism", as it was called.
There was also an effort by Reagan to cut spending on social programs.
In his second term, from 1985 to 1989, he decided to focus his efforts on reforming the American tax system.
In 1986, Congress passed a bill reducing the number of taxes and exempting thousands of low-income people from paying taxes.
How does the quote below give motive to settlement affected the early communities in those regions.
“No people can be truly happy, [even] under the greatest enjoyments of civil liberties, if [deprived] of the Freedom of their conscience as to their religious profession and worship.”
– Pennsylvania Charter of Liberties, authored by William Penn in 1701
Answer:
The message conveyed here is that religious freedom is the most important of all human freedoms. If men are impeded from worshipping in the way their conscience dictates, then they can´t be truely free nor happy.
Explanation:
In which presidential campaign did the populists first appear
Answer:
The answer is William Jennings Bryan's campaing.
Explanation:
The Populist party appeared for the first time in the 1890s, as a major Southern and Western United States force. However the party broke after nominating Willian Jennings Bryan to the presidential election in 1896.
which situation is an example of a citizen paticipating in the political process?
Answer:
hi there!
Explanation:
A. A voting citizen in a local election
B. A citizen investigates candidates who run for office
C. A citizen sends an email to the Congress representative on an important issue
Citizen’s participation is a process which provides private individuals an opportunity to influence public decisions and to be a component of the democratic decision-making process.
Nowadays, more and more people take the initiative to make their local neighborhood more livable, for example, helping to maintain playgrounds or green spaces, putting LED luminaries thus saving energy, placing equipment for gymnastics.
As a result, the relationship between society and government is changing. Sometimes the government supports the engagement of the society but sometimes they don’t. Well, it depends on certain conditions
The main objective of this type of people is to improve the quality of life around us. This is called citizen participation. Some things may be more important than we think. For example, we can prevent streets, districts from becoming contaminated and, therefore, we can be examples for our family and friends.
People may participate in politics in many ways. They can write their Representative or Senator, or work in for a candidate or political party. They can make presentations to their local school board or city council, or call the police to complain about the neighbor's dog.
Partly because of our federalist system, people have many opportunities to participate in our democracy on federal, state, and local levels. Some forms of participation are more common than others and some citizens participate more than others, but almost everyone has a voice in government.
At the end of China Civil War, the United States refused to accept the Communist People's Republic of China as China's true government. What were the advantages of such a policy? What were the disadvantages? Do you agree with this decision? Why or Why not?
Answer:
Throughout Second World War, the US supported the government of Nationalist leader, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. It kept that support after the restart of the civil war following the Japanese surrender in 1945. Washington kept its backing up to the last months of the life of Chiang´s regime in China. Chiang was a Christian (Time magazine called him "the Christian Warrior of China" and a staunch anti-Communist, great merits to the American eyes. Advantages? American policy makers saw him as an ally that was the best option for American interests in China and Asia, and he was a sure asset in the fight against communism. Disadvantages? That vision did not take into account the real balance of forces and circumstances in China, because the Communists were a powerful player not only in the war but in domestic politics; they enjoyed Soviet support. In 1949, Chiang and the remnants of his army had to run to the shelter of Taiwan. The US policy failed and there was a witch-hunt to find "who lost China" in diplomatic circles. Was there a possibility of a significant rapprochement with the Communists of Mao Zedong? There is no clear answer, but the perspectives of such outcome were rather grim at that time.
Explanation:
What were the causes and results of the thirty years war
Answer:
The Thirty Years' War, which lasted from 1618 to 1648, was a large-scale conflict that involved most European powers. The main causes were the tensions between Catholic and Reformed states, but geo-strategic motives also played an important role.
The war raged mainly in the Holy Roman Empire, the Spanish Netherlands, northern Spain and northern Italy with battles also in Africa and the American continent. There were also sea battles on the Mediterranean Sea and in the Bay of Biscay. Due to the strong geographical spread of the large-scale hostilities, it can be said that this war was the first global conflict or world war.
The conflict began when the Catholic states of Spain and Austria conquered the reformed states in the north of the Holy Roman Empire (Bohemia, the Palatinate, northern Germany and Denmark). Sweden and France actively intervened in to weaken Spain and Austria. The Peace of Westphalia ended the war.
As a direct result of the peace in Westphalia, Germany was divided into dispersed duchies, which, however, nominally belonged to the empire until its dissolution in 1806.
Choose 2 religions (Christian/Buddhist/Hindu/Shinto/Islam) OR 2 denominations (Roman Catholic/Lutheran/Calvinist/Anabaptist/Orthodox; Sunni/Shi’as) and compare and contrast their influence on politics and/or society in Renaissance Era (approx. 1300-1650). Hint: You may need to look in Units 2 and 3 for information about some of these religions/denominations.
Answer:
Catholic Church
From the High Middle Ages until the mid sixteenth century, the Catholic Church was hegemonic in Western and Central Europe. The Pope had great political power, and kings sought his approval.
The influece of the Catholic Church in society was hegemonic too. Most people in the era were poor farmers who worked small plots of land, many of them in servitude, even if feudalism was weakening by the end of this period. Their lives revolved around work and church. However, most of them were illiterate, and could not read the Bible. They were subject to the teachings of the local catholic priests.
The Catholic church had direct political control over a region of central Italy known then as the Papal States. The pope raised armies and levied taxes, just like the king of any other state.
Calvinism
Calvinism originated in Switzerland, in the early to mid sixteenth century. The leader was Jon Calvin, a swiss theologian who opposed many of the aspects of the Catholic Church. He did missionary work in Switzerland and Italy, and a movement around his teachings began to form, especially in Geneve.
Calvinism argued for a strict life guided by the teachings of the bible. As other protestant denominations, it promoted literacy among its members so that each one of them could read the bible, as the bible was considered the only and direct source of theological wisdom.
Calvinism influenced the other denominations in Scotland, the Netherlands, Germany and Scandinavia. It also influenced the Puritans in England.