Answer: 0
Explanation:
The oxidation number for nitrogen in NH3 (ammonia) is -3, determined by setting up the equation x + 3(+1) = 0, where x represents the oxidation number of nitrogen.
Explanation:The oxidation number for NH3 (ammonia) can be found by considering the usual oxidation states of nitrogen and hydrogen. Hydrogen typically has an oxidation number of +1, except when it forms hydride compounds with metals. Since ammonia consists of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms, and since each hydrogen has an oxidation number of +1, the total oxidation number contributed by the hydrogen atoms is +3 (3 x +1).
To find the oxidation number of nitrogen in NH3, let the oxidation number be represented as x. The sum of the oxidation numbers in a neutral compound is zero. Therefore, if we have x as the oxidation number of nitrogen and +3 from the hydrogen atoms, we can set up the equation x + 3(+1) = 0 to solve for x. Simplifying, we get x = -3. Thus, the oxidation number of nitrogen in NH3 is -3.
Following this approach, we can understand how oxidation numbers reflect the degree of electron transfer between atoms in a chemical compound or during a chemical reaction, such as NH3 reacting with O2 to form N2 and H2O. The reaction 4 NH3 + 3 O2 → 2 N2 + 6 H2O illustrates this electron transfer process and the involvement of oxidation states in balancing chemical equations.
Write the formula for the binary compound iron (III) oxide. (a)FeO , (b)Fe(III)O (c),Fe3O2 ,(d)Fe2O3
Final answer:
The correct formula for iron (III) oxide is [tex]Fe_{2}O_{3}[/tex], where the subscript numbers indicate the ratio of iron to oxygen atoms required to balance the charges of the iron cations and oxide anions in the compound.
Explanation:
The formula for the binary compound iron (III) oxide is [tex]Fe_{2}O_{3}[/tex]. This compound is composed of iron and oxygen, where iron has a +3 oxidation state, known as iron (III). The correct formula is obtained by balancing the charges of the iron cations and oxide anions.
To balance the charges, we need two iron (III) cations (each with a charge of +3) to combine with three oxide anions (each with a charge of -2) to achieve electrical neutrality. The formula reflects the smallest whole number ratio of ions. Therefore, for every two iron ions, there are three oxide ions, giving us [tex]Fe_{2}O_{3}[/tex], which makes answer (d) the correct choice.
If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled, what happens to the root‑mean‑square speed of the molecules? Nothing happens to the rms speed. The new rms speed is 4 times the original rms speed. The new rms speed is 2 times the original rms speed. The new rms speed is 1.414 times the original rms speed. The new rms speed is 1/2 the original rms speed.
Answer:
The new rms speed is 1.414 times the original rms speed
Explanation:
The rms speed (root-mean-square speed) of the molecules in a gas can be found by using the formula:
[tex]v=\sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M}}[/tex]
where
R is the gas constant
T is the absoolute temperature (in Kelvin) of the gas
M is the molar mass of the gas (the amount of mass per unit mole)
We can rewrite the equation as
[tex]v\propto \sqrt{T}[/tex] (1)
which means that the rms speed is proportional to the square root of the temperature.
In this problem, we are told that the absolute temperature of the gas is doubled, so the new temperature is
[tex]T'=2T[/tex]
Therefore, according to eq(1), we find that the new rms speed will be:
[tex]v\propto \sqrt{T'} = \sqrt{2T}=\sqrt{2} \sqrt{T}=\sqrt{2}v=1.414v[/tex]
So,
The new rms speed is 1.414 times the original rms speed
If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled ; ( D ) The new rms speed is 1.414 times the original rms speed
The r.m.s speed of molecules in a gas can be calculated using the formula below ;
[tex]v = \sqrt{\frac{3RT}{M} }[/tex]
T = absolute temperature
R = gas constant
M = molar mass
Also ; The rms speed of gas molecules is directly proportional to [tex]\sqrt{T}[/tex]
i.e. v ∝ √T ----- ( 1 )
Given that the absolute temperature ( T ) is doubled the new value of T = 2T
Back to equation ( 1 )
v = √2T = √2 * √T
= 1.414
Hence we can conclude that If the absolute temperature of a gas is doubled The new rms speed is 1.414 times the original rms speed.
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In which compound have electrons been transferred to an oxygen atom
a NO2
b N2O
c Na2O
d CO2
Answer:
Na2O
Explanation:
This is because a bond between a metal and a non-metal has occured.
Final answer:
In Na₂O, two sodium atoms transfer one electron each to the oxygen atom, forming a neutral ionic compound with a ratio of two sodium ions to one oxide ion.
Explanation:
Among the options given, the compound in which electrons have been transferred to an oxygen atom is Na₂O. In Na₂O, two sodium (Na) atoms each donate one electron to the oxygen (O) atom. This transfer of electrons is what forms the ionic bond in Na₂O. Each sodium atom becomes positively charged (Na+), and the oxygen atom gains two electrons to become negatively charged (O₂-). This results in the formation of a neutral ionic compound with a ratio of two sodium ions to one oxide ion.
I have 20 electrons and 4 energy levels. *
Answer:
Ca, also known as Calcium
Explanation:
Get a periodic table. In the top left hand corner are of each element's box is a number. This is how many protons are present. Protons are equal to electrons, therefore calcium has 20 electrons. It is in group 2A period 4 if that helps.
Question 1
1
What happens when a beam of light hits an object?
The light passes through it.
O All the light is absorbed
O A shadow forms.
O All the light is reflected.
Question 2
Final answer:
The correct answer when a beam of light hits an object is that the light can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted, depending on the material's properties. It is not exclusive to one single outcome.
Explanation:
When a beam of light hits an object, several outcomes are possible depending on the properties of the material: it can be reflected, absorbed, or transmitted. Reflection occurs when light waves bounce off an object, like seeing your reflection in a glass window. Absorbance happens when a material takes in the energy of a light wave, which may later be re-emitted in some cases, such as with phosphorescence. Lastly, transmission is when light passes through a material, like sunlight through a clear glass. So, when a beam of light hits an object, the correct answer is that all the light is not necessarily absorbed, reflected, or transmitted exclusively; it can be a combination of these interactions.
For the equation P4 (s ) + 5 O2 (g ) → P4 O10 (s ) , if 3 mol of phosphorous react with 10 mol of oxygen, the theoretical yield of phosphorous (V) oxide will be
Answer:
Theoretical yield of P4O10 is 568g
Explanation:
Step 1:
The balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:
P4(s) + 5O2(g) → P4O10(s )
Step 2:
Determination of the limiting reactant.
From the balanced equation above, 1 mole of P reacted with 5 moles of O2.
Therefore, 3 moles of P will react with = 3 x 5 = 15 moles of O2.
We can see that a higher amount of O2 than what was given is needed to react with 3 moles of P. Therefore, O2 is the limiting reactant.
Step 3:
Determination of the theoretical yield of P4O10.
In this case the limiting reactant is used as it will produce the maximum yield of the reaction. The limiting reactant is O2. The theoretical yield of P4O10 is obtained as follow:
From the balanced equation above, 5 moles of O2 produced 1 mole P4O10.
Therefore, 10 moles of O2 will produce = (10 x 1) /5 = 2 moles of P4O10.
Next, we'll convert 2 moles of P4O10 to grams to obtain the desired result. This is illustrated below:
Number of mole of P4O10 = 2 moles
Molar Mass of P4O10 = (31x4) + (16x10 = 124 + 160 = 284g
Mass of P4O10 =?
Mass = mole x molar Mass
Mass of P4O10 = 2 x 284
Mass of P4O10 = 568g
Therefore, the theoretical yield of P4O10 is 568g.
Final answer:
The theoretical yield of phosphorus(V) oxide when 3 moles of phosphorus react with 10 moles of oxygen is 2 moles, with oxygen being the limiting reactant based on the stoichiometry of the reaction.
Explanation:
The question involves the reaction between phosphorus (P) and oxygen (O₂) to form phosphorus(V) oxide (P₄O₁₀). According to the balanced chemical equation, P₄ (s) + 5 O₂ (g) → P₄O₁₀ (s), 1 mole of phosphorus reacts with 5 moles of oxygen to produce 1 mole of phosphorus(V) oxide. To calculate the theoretical yield of phosphorus(V) oxide, we first determine the limiting reactant, which is the reactant that will be completely consumed first and thus limits the amount of product formed.
In this scenario, 3 moles of phosphorus are reacted with 10 moles of oxygen. Since phosphorus requires 5 moles of oxygen for every mole of phosphorus, 3 moles of phosphorus would require 15 moles of oxygen for a complete reaction. However, only 10 moles of oxygen are available, making oxygen the limiting reactant. Therefore, the theoretical yield of phosphorus(V) oxide would be based on the amount of oxygen available.
Since 5 moles of oxygen react with 1 mole of phosphorus to produce 1 mole of phosphorus(V) oxide, 10 moles of oxygen would react with 2 moles of phosphorus to produce 2 moles of phosphorus(V) oxide. Therefore, the theoretical yield of phosphorus(V) oxide using 10 moles of oxygen is 2 moles of phosphorus(V) oxide.
Lithium has two stable isotopes with masses of 6.01512 amu and 7.01600 amu. The average molar mass of Li is 6.941 amu. What is the percent abundance of each isotope? Show all calculations and report to the correct number of sig figs.
Answer : The percent abundance of Li isotope-1 and Li isotope-2 is, 6.94 % and 93.1 % respectively.
Explanation :
Average atomic mass of an element is defined as the sum of masses of each isotope each multiplied by their natural fractional abundance.
Formula used to calculate average atomic mass follows:
[tex]\text{Average atomic mass }=\sum_{i=1}^n\text{(Atomic mass of an isotopes)}_i\times \text{(Fractional abundance})_i[/tex] .....(1)
Let the fractional abundance of Li isotope-1 be 'x' and the fractional abundance of Li isotope-2 will be '100-x'
For Li isotope-1 :
Mass of Li isotope-1 = 6.01512 amu
Fractional abundance of Li isotope-1 = x
For Li isotope-2 :
Mass of Li isotope-2 = 7.01600 amu
Fractional abundance of Li isotope-2 = 100-x
Average atomic mass of Li = 6.941 amu
Putting values in equation 1, we get:
[tex]6.941=[(6.01512\times x)+(7.01600\times (100-x))][/tex]
By solving the term 'x', we get:
[tex]x=694.048[/tex]
Percent abundance of Li isotope-1 = [tex]\frac{694.048}{100}=6.94\%[/tex]
Percent abundance of Li isotope-2 = 100 - x = 100-6.94 = 93.1 %
The relative abundance of the isotopes are 7.5% and 92.5%.
The relative atomic mass of an atom is the sum of the products of the relative atomic masses of its isotopes and their respective percentage abundance. We have been told in the question that the relative atomic mass of Li is 6.941 amu. Let the percentage abundance be x and 1-x
6.941 = 6.01512x + 7.01600(1 - x)
6.941 = 6.01512x + 7.01600 - 7.01600x
6.941 - 7.01600 = -1.00088x
-0.075 = -1.00088x
x = -0.075/-1.00088
x = 0.075
Hence, the other isotope is 1 - 0.075 = 0.925
Therefore, the relative abundance of the isotopes is 7.5% and 92.5%
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Which of the following best describes how chemical changes differ from physical changes?
A. Physical changes produce no new substances and chemical changes do.
B. Physical changes always involve the formation of a gas while chemical changes may not.
C. Physical changes can occur inside or outside the substance; chemical changes always occur outside.
D. Physical changes involve a change of state; chemical changes involve a change of shape.
Answer:
A is the answer.
Explanation:
Physical changes do not change the substance's composition but just the outside qualities. However, chemical changes change the composition of the substance and it's chemical properties.
Answer:
A
Explanation:
Can anyone help with this question?
Answer:
b
Explanation:
what is an example of chemical weathering
1. acid rain falls on rocks
2. chemicals from plants on rocks
3. water reacting with minerals on rock
4. All
Sodium Sulfide chemical formula
Answer:
Na2S
Explanation:Just took the test
The chemical formula for the compound formed between sodium and sulfide is Na2S. Sodium has a positive charge and sulfide has a negative charge, which balance when combined in the proportions indicated by the formula.
Explanation:The chemical formula for the ionic compound formed between the sodium cation, Na+, and the sulfide anion, S²-, is Na2S. This is derived from the fact that sodium (Na) has a positive charge and sulfide (S) has a negative charge.
To balance these charges and form a neutral compound, you need two sodium ions for every sulfide ion. Hence the '2' in Na2S.
This indicates there are two sodium ions in the compound.
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How are today's field galaxies different than distant ones?
Answer:
we cant see them since they are delayed by light years
Explanation:
Answer: The reason why galaxies appear so different between our local universe and the distant one is because we are observing galaxies at different stages of their evolution as we look out in space. Telescopes are time machines, albeit ones that run only in reverse, and so the farther out we look with them, the progressively younger universe we see. Furthermore, we do not observe the universe from any special vantage point. So if we make the reasonable assumption that the physical laws we measure in the local cosmos are universal, we can conclude that the galaxies we observe in the early universe are analogous to the predecessors of the local galaxies. Thus, the differences we see between the different populations of galaxies provide direct insights into the nature of galaxy evolutio
Which of the following statements about gases is not correct? A. They have much lower densities than solids or liquids. B. They form homogenous mixtures regardless of the nature of gases. C. They have strong intermolecular forces causing the particles to cling together. D. They have high compressibility. E. They do not possess a shape of their own.
Answer:
C. They have stong intermolecular forces causing the particles to cling together.
Explanation:
Have you ever seen images where gases are all spread out and floating around? Well if you have, this is because the intermolecular forces are weak and are spreak apart. Contrary to this incorrect statement, solids have the stongest intermolecular force and cling together.
Answer:
C. They have stong intermolecular forces causing the particles to cling together.
Explanation:
Can someone pls help me!
Answer:
the third one
Explanation:
they change overtime
Carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO2 (g), Delta.Hf = –393.5 kJ/mol) according to the equation below. Upper C (s) plus 2 upper O subscript 2 (g) right arrow upper C upper O subscript 2 (g). What is the enthalpy change of the reaction? Use Delta H r x n equals the sum of delta H f of all the products minus the sum of delta H f of all the reactants.. –393.5 kJ –196.8 kJ 196.8 kJ 393.5 kJ
Answer:
-393.5 kJ
Explanation:
E2020
The enthalpy of formation (delta Hf) of carbon dioxide from the reaction of carbon and oxygen is –393.5 kJ/mol
What is enthalpy change of a reaction?The enthalpy change the of a reaction is the amount of heat given off or absorbed when reactant molecules react to form products molecules.
Change in enthalpy = energy of bonds formed- energy of bonds broken.Carbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide (CO2 (g), and enthalpy of formation, delta Hf = –393.5 kJ/mol). This means that 393.5 kJ of heat is given off when 1 mole of carbon dioxide is formed from carbon and oxygen.
Therefore, the enthalpy of formation (delta Hf) of carbon dioxide from the reaction of carbon and oxygen is –393.5 kJ/mol
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At what temperature will a balloon have a volume of 6.08 L if the temperature is 41.0 ℃ when its volume is 4.87 L? in kelvin
Answer:
T₂ = 251.6 K
Explanation:
Given data:
Initial temperature = 41°C
Initial volume = 4.87 L
Final volume = 6.08 L
Final temperature = ?
Solution:
Initial temperature = 41°C (41+273.15 = 314.15 K)
The given problem will be solve through the Charles Law.
According to this law, The volume of given amount of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature at constant number of moles and pressure.
Mathematical expression:
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
V₁ = Initial volume
T₁ = Initial temperature
V₂ = Final volume
T₂ = Final temperature
Now we will put the values in formula.
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
T₂ = V₂T₁ /V₁
T₂ = 4.87 L × 314.15 K / 6.08 L
T₂ = 1529.9 L.K / 6.08 L
T₂ = 251.6 K
what acid occurs naturally in the body and performs important regulatory functions
Answer: carbonic acid
PLEASE HELP
A 700.0 mL gas sample at STP is compressed to a volume of 200.0 mL, and the temperature
is increased to 30.0°C. What is the new pressure of the gas in Pa?
(5 Points)
394 kPa
532 Pa
3.94 x 10^5 Pa
Answer:
P2≈393.609Kpa so I think the answer is 394 kPa
Explanation:
PV=mRT Ideal Gas Law
m and R are constant because they dont change for the problem. That means
PV/T=mR = constant
so P1*V1/T1=P2*V2/T2 and note that the temperatures are in absolute temperatures (Kelvin) because you can't divide by zero.
So P2 = P1*V1*T2/(V2*T1) = 101325 Pa * 700 mL * 303K/(200 mL*273K)
P2 = 393609 Pa
Answer:
3.94 x 10⁵ pascals
Explanation:
combined gas law problem
P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂ => P₂ = P₁(V₂/V₁)(T₁2T₁)
P₁ = 1 atm at STP P₂ = unknown
V₁ = 700 ml V₂ = 200 ml
T₁ = 0°C = 273K T₂ = 30°C = 303K
P₂ = 1atm(700ml/200ml)(303K/273K) = 3.89 atm
3.89 atm = 3.89 atm(1.01 x 10⁵Pa/atm) = 3.94 x 10⁵ pascals
The gas molecules that make up air are in two rooms. The gas molecules in the kitchen are moving faster than the gas molecules in the bedroom. What does this mean?
A.The kitchen is smaller than the bedroom.
B. the temperature is higher in the bedroom.
C. The temperature is higher in the kitchen.
D.The rooms have two different kinds of air.
Answer:
c.) the temperature is higher in the kitchen
Explanation:
What basic equation is used to calculate the ph of a solution
Answer: You can calculate the pH of an acid or base solution given the hydronium ion concentration by using the formula pH = -log [H3O+] or if given the hydroxide ion concentration by the formula [H3O+] = Kw / [OH-], then using the pH = -log [H3O+] formula.
The pH of a solution is calculated using the equation pH = -log[H3O+], which represents the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration. A pH less than 7 indicates an acidic solution, while a pH greater than 7 denotes a basic solution.
The basic equation used to calculate the pH of a solution is the negative, base-10 logarithm of the hydrogen ion (H+) concentration of the solution. This can be formally written as pH = -log[H3O+]. Using this equation, we can determine the acidity or alkalinity of a solution on a scale from 0 to 14.
A solution with a pH of 7 is considered neutral, with those pH less than 7 being acidic and those pH greater than 7 being basic or alkaline. For example, a solution with a pH 4 is ten times more acidic than a solution with a pH 5 since each pH unit represents a tenfold difference in H+ ion concentration.
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To preform Uranium-235 dating on a sample, what must be true?
Option A. The sample contains Uranium-235.
Is uranium-235 used in nuclear bombs?Most of the uranium used in current nuclear weapons is approximately 93.5 percent enriched uranium-235. Nuclear weapons typically contain 93 percent or more plutonium-239, less than 7 percent plutonium-240, and very small quantities of other plutonium isotopes.
Why is only uranium-235 used?Uranium is the fuel most widely used by nuclear plants for nuclear fission. Uranium is considered a nonrenewable energy source, even though it is a common metal found in rocks worldwide. Nuclear power plants use a certain kind of uranium, referred to as U-235, for fuel because its atoms are easily split apart.
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25 POINTS HELP (6th grade question)
Which landform change due to destructive processes is most easily controlled by human intervention?
A) coastal erosion
B) erosion by glaciers
C) volcanic deposition of lava
D) surface movement in earthquakes
Answer:
A
Explanation:
I did the test
The coastal erosion landform change due to destructive processes is most easily controlled by human intervention. Therefore, option A is correct.
What is coastal erosion ?The term coastal erosion is defined as the process by which local sea level increase, strong wave action, and coastal flooding wear down or carry away rocks, soils, and sands along the coast.
Coastal erosion is caused by hydraulic action, abrasion, impact and corrosion by wind and water, and other forces, natural or unnatural. The softer areas filled with sediment eroded from hard areas, and rock formations are eroded away.
Human activity can rise rates of coastal recession by interrupting the operation of the sediment cell. The construction of major dams of rivers can detain river sediment behind the dam wall.
Thus, option A is correct.
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Help ASAP!! Based on the chemical reaction shown, the reactants and products are best classified as
NH3+ NaOCl → NaOH + NH2Cl
H3+ NaOCl → NaOH + NH2Cl
Answer:
the first one
Explanation:
as it contains in the product N so its the forst
A gas has pressure of 50.0 mmHG at a temperature of 540K. What will be the temperature if the pressure goes down to 3 mmHG
Answer:
32.4 K
Explanation:
From the given parameters;
Initial pressure P1= 50.0 mmHg
Initial temperature T1= 540K
Final Temperature T2 = ?????
Final pressure P2=3 mmHg
Now using this relationship;
P1/T1 = P2/T2
We have; P1T2= P2T1
Hence;
T2= P2T1/P1
T2= 3 ×540/50.0
T2= 32.4 K
Give the characteristic of a second order reaction having only one reactant. Group of answer choices The rate of the reaction is proportional to the natural logarithm of the concentration of the reactant. The rate of the reaction is not proportional to the concentration of the reactant. The rate of the reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of the reactant. The rate of the reaction is proportional to the square root of the concentration of the reactant. The rate of the reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of the reactant.
Answer:
The rate of the reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of the reactant.
Explanation:
Let us assume a hypothetical reaction in which the rate determining step is the elementary reaction;
2A------> A2
The rate of reaction will be given by:
Rate= k[A]^2
Hence for a second order reaction having only one reactant, the rate of reaction is proportional to the square of the concentration of the reactant. The proportionality constant k, is known as the rate constant of the reaction.
A gas is heated from 263.0 K to 298.0 K and the volume is increased from 24.0 liters to 35.0 liters by moving a large piston within a cylinder. If the original pressure was 1.00 atm, the final pressure be _ atm. Answer in 3 sig figs.
Answer:
The answer to your question is P2 = 0.78 atm
Explanation:
Data
Temperature 1 = T1 = 263°K Temperature 2 = T2 = 298°K
Volume 1 = V1 = 24 L Volume 2 = V2 = 35 L
Pressure 1 = P1 = 1 Pressure 2 = P2 = ?
Process
1.- To solve this problem use the Combined gas law
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
-Solve for P2
P2 = P1V1T2 / T1V2
-Substitution
P2 = (1)(24)(298) / (263)(35)
-Simplification
P2 = 7152 / 9205
-Result
P2 = 0.777
or P2 = 0.78 atm
The final pressure of the gas is 0.686 atm.
To determine the final pressure of the gas, we can use Boyle's Law, which states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the product of the initial pressure and initial volume is equal to the product of the final pressure and final volume. In this case, we can write:
P1V1 = P2V2
Substituting the given values:
(1.00 atm)(24.0 L) = P2(35.0 L)
Solving for P2:
P2 = (1.00 atm)(24.0 L) / (35.0 L) = 0.68571 atm (rounded to 3 sig figs)
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Match the reaction on the top with the corresponding reaction on the left. *
hydrogen gas + oxygen gas → water gas 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) When methane burns, it reacts with oxygen to produce water and carbon dioxide water → hydrogen + oxygen magnesium + oxygen → magnesium oxide
solid sodium + liquid water → aqueous sodium hydroxide + hydrogen gas
2H2(g) + O2(g) → 2H2O(g)
methane + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water
Electrolysis breaks down water to form hydrogen and oxygen gas
A bright light is produced when magnesium reacts with the oxygen in air to form magnesium oxide
Answer:
Matching the reaction on the top with the corresponding reaction on the left:
Explanation:
A) 2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) = 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
is Electrolysis breaks down water to form hydrogen and oxygen gas
B) 2H2(g) + O2(g) = 2H2O(g)
is
A bright light is produced when magnesium reacts with the oxygen in air to form magnesium oxide
place the following in order of increasing ionization energy: I, F, Br, Cl
Answer:
I, Br, Cl, F
Lowest --> Highest
Fluorine has the highest ionization energy due to less electron shielding compared to the other elements in the list.
How hot will a 2.3 liter balloon have to get to expand to a volume of 7 L? Assume that the initial temperature of the balloon is 25 C?
Answer : The final temperature of balloon will be, 907 K
Explanation :
Charles' Law : It states that volume of the gas is directly proportional to the temperature of the gas at constant pressure and number of moles.
Mathematically,
[tex]\frac{V_1}{T_1}=\frac{V_2}{T_2}[/tex]
where,
[tex]V_1\text{ and }T_1[/tex] are the initial volume and temperature of the gas.
[tex]V_2\text{ and }T_2[/tex] are the final volume and temperature of the gas.
We are given:
[tex]V_1=2.3L\\T_1=25^oC=(25+273)K=298K\\V_2=7L\\T_2=?[/tex]
Putting values in above equation, we get:
[tex]\frac{2.3L}{298K}=\frac{7L}{T_2}\\\\T_2=906.95K\approx 907K[/tex]
Therefore, the final temperature of balloon will be, 907 K
Final answer:
To expand a 2.3 liter balloon to 7 liters at constant pressure, the temperature must be increased to approximately 630.20°C. This calculation is done using Charles's Law by setting up a proportion between initial and final volumes and temperatures and then converting the final temperature from Kelvins to Celsius.
Explanation:
To determine how hot a 2.3 liter balloon will have to get to expand to a volume of 7 liters, we can use Charles's Law. Charles's Law states that at constant pressure, the volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature in Kelvins. First, we convert the initial temperature of 25°C to Kelvins: 298.15 K (since 25 + 273.15 = 298.15). We then set up the proportionality constant using the initial conditions: V1 / T1 = V2 / T2. Substituting in our known values:
2.3 L / 298.15 K = 7 L / T2
Solving for T2 we get:
T2 = (7 L * 298.15 K) / 2.3 L
Calculating this we find T2 is approximately 903.35 K. However, to answer the question, we need to give the final temperature in degrees Celsius. Therefore, we subtract 273.15 from our final temperature in Kelvins: 903.35 K - 273.15 = 630.20°C. This is the temperature to which the balloon must be heated for it to expand to 7 liters.
Why is it useful for the base pairs of dna to be held together by hydrogen bonds and not covalent bonds?
Answer:
Explanation:
hydrogen bond is a bond that is formed as a result of intermolecular forces that exist between hydrogen
and other atoms of electronegative elements such as oxygen and carbon. Since covalent bond is more stronger than hydrogen bond, with this it helps to hold DNA , proteins, molecules together, it brings about the stability of the double helix structure of DNA.
Therefore,it is useful for the base pairs of DNA to be held together by hydrogen bonds and not covalent bonds because Hydrogen bonds are crucial in DNA synthesis. and also it very easy for hydrogen bonds to be broken than covalent bonds. As a result of this, DNA can be easily unwind.
Hydrogen bonds hold DNA bases together because B. hydrogen bonds are easier to break allowing for DNA copying .
Covalent bonds would be too strong, hindering these processes.
Thus, the weaker nature of hydrogen bonds is essential for DNA functionality.Hydrogen bonds hold DNA bases together instead of covalent bonds primarily because hydrogen bonds are easier to break, allowing for DNA copying. Covalent bonds are significantly stronger than hydrogen bonds and would make the process of unzipping the DNA strands for replication and transcription much more difficult. The weaker nature of hydrogen bonds allows the DNA double helix to unzip relatively easily, permitting both strands to function as templates for replication.Furthermore, the cumulative effect of millions of hydrogen bonds holds the DNA strands together sufficiently, while still enabling the necessary biological processes.Thus, the correct answer is B. hydrogen bonds are easier to break allowing for DNA copying.
Correct question is: Why are hydrogen bonds holding DNA bases together instead of covalent bonds?
A. hydrogen bonds are stronger than covalent bonds
B. hydrogen bonds are easier to break allowing for DNA copying
C. enzymes cannot break covalent bonds
D. covalent bonds cannot attach purines and pyrimidines