where does thyroxine come from and what does it do?

             Sample-C is the hydrogen.

            Data Given:

                                Volume  = 5 cm³

                                Mass of Sample-C  =  0.00045 g

                                Reference Density  =  0.00009 g/cm³

            Formula Used;

                                Density  =  Mass / Volume

                                Density  =  0.00045 g / 5 cm³

                                Density  =  0.00009 g/cm³

Answer: I can cofirm that it is C.

Explanation:

interphase is the correct answer

In the case of the muscular cramps, the muscle contraction starts with the generation of the action potentials from the brain. The action potential causes the release of the calcium ions movement out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (storage site of calcium). The calcium released in this process causes the contraction of the myofibrils with the help of the ATP molecules. Meanwhile, the calcium is pumped back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum through the fast calcium pumps.  

The contraction of one muscle cell generate the action potential in neighboring muscle cells. When the generation of the action potential is stopped, the sarcoplasmic reticulum relaxes as well as the muscle is relaxed. The fast calcium pump is powered by a sodium gradient, and the calcium influx is a result of fast outflux of the sodium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

In case, the sodium ion is less, the calcium pumps cannot be powered, the calcium ion would remain in myofibril, as a result, the muscle would be contracted for a longer time and this result in cramps. The muscle in this case, would be relaxed by the ATP instead of sodium gradient. So, it can be concluded that the muscle cramps are caused when the muscles are not able to relax properly.  

Option B is correct.

B. How ecologically sensitive the area is, and how the activity would impact the benthic organisms.

Being the marine biologist It will be my first concern to see and bind its impact on marine life and benthic organisms. It will find that how ecologically sensitive this area is and how it is going to affect the activity of marine life. Because marine life is my priority being the marine biologist.

Assessing ecological sensitivity and impacts on benthic organisms are crucial for evaluating sand and gravel mining's environmental impact.

As a marine biologist assessing the impact of sand and gravel mining on marine ecosystems, the following information would be crucial:

B. How ecologically sensitive the area is, and how the activity would impact the benthic organisms

Understanding the ecological sensitivity of the mining area is essential for evaluating the potential environmental impact. Areas with high biodiversity, sensitive habitats like coral reefs or seagrass beds, or protected marine reserves require special consideration. Assessing the potential impact on benthic organisms, such as marine life living on or near the ocean floor, is critical as they are directly affected by mining activities. Disturbance to benthic habitats can lead to habitat loss, alteration of sediment composition, disruption of feeding and breeding grounds, and loss of biodiversity.

Additionally, evaluating the long-term effects of mining on benthic communities and ecosystem health is necessary to develop sustainable management practices and mitigate negative impacts. Monitoring changes in benthic species composition, abundance, and overall ecosystem health is essential for informed decision-making and conservation efforts.

Final answer:

Cold-water species like trout and organisms in their food chain would decrease if stream temperatures increased, due to less dissolved oxygen and changes in flow regimes from human activities.

Explanation:

The species populations that would decrease if the temperature of a stream increased are primarily those of cold-water organisms, such as trout, and the species within the food chains they depend on. An increase in stream temperature can lead to decreased levels of dissolved oxygen, which is critical for the survival of many aquatic species. Additionally, species that are adapted to seasonal changes in flow might also decline due to alterations in flow regimes caused by human activity such as damming. The examples provided illustrate how various species are sensitive to temperature changes and resultant habitat modifications, signaling a broader impact of climate change on freshwater ecosystems.

Each cell expresses, or turns on, only a fraction of its genes. The rest of the genes are repressed, or turned off.

The turned on genes are then first transcribed into messenger RNA by the process of Transcription.

Then the mRNA is Translated into protein by the process called Translation.

This is how the specific genes are expressed.

Graphs are valuable because they show relationships, differences, and variations in data.

The most important value of a graph is to show relationships between different variables or quantities. Graphs can visually represent how one variable changes in relation to another, allowing us to understand patterns and trends. They can also highlight differences or comparisons between different groups or categories. Additionally, graphs can illustrate variations in data, such as the spread or distribution of values.

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The carbon dioxide in the breathed out air is a by-product of the process of cell respiration. In respiration, a molecule of carbohydrate is converted into a CO2, H20, and energy which is released in form of ATP.

All plants belonging to kingdom Plantae and plant-like organism like photosynthesizing bacteria need CO2 to survive. They use carbon dioxide in food making process, photosynthesis.

Hence it is proved from above statistics that breath has more carbon dioxide than air.

There are two sources of CO2 in the air. Which are the following:

Answer:

Although CO2 is generally known as a dangerous and nocious gas, the truth is that without it, life would not be possible, both in plants and animals. CO2 plays a vital part in animals in the breathing pattern and too low amounts of it may also bring problems. Given this background, the answers to your questions, would be:

1. CO2 is one of the results of energy production in organisms. Usually, when an organism produces ATP, the energy molecule, it will consume certain chemicals (oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, and others) that when they react, end up generating certain products: water and CO2. This CO2 is then expelled by the lungs, at least in animals and humans. Plants, however, during daylight, use this gas for food production, and in nightime switch their systems to expel CO2. This is why sleeping with a plant can be dangerous.

2. Bacteria are capable of using CO2 and from it generating pure oxygen, water and other products. Also, plants, in general, especially photosynthetic ones, need CO2 for their energy production processes. Algae, is also capable of using CO2, and thus oxygenating the oceans. Finally, there are fungi also capable of using CO2 and producing oxygen and water.

3. As of 2019, the amount of CO2 present in our air was of 413.0 parts per million, an all-time high. In human breath, the amount of CO2 released is of 500 lt per person, and in total, per year, people in the world can release about 2500 million tons, about 7% of the total amount released into the atmosphere.

4. Animal breathing, as well as certain activities like burning coal, wood, animal and human waste, waste management, are all examples of activities outside of breathing, that cause CO2. Plant decay, and animal carcass decay will also release CO2 into the atmosphere.

5. Probably the biggest effect that excessive CO2 dissolved in water, bringing up acidity in it, has, is, the production of acid rain. This has also proven devastating for crop growth, and agricultural production, as well as animal raising. The second is the production of further greenhouse effects. As the water evaporates, releasing more CO2 into the atmosphere, the situation becomes even graver with time. Today, we are witnessing rainfall that damages entire fields because of its higher acidity, and changes in atmosoheric conditions due to this excessive CO2.

Answer:

may produce seeds - plants only

are heterotrophic - fungi only

may have aseptate hyphae - fungi only

can absorb nutrients from soil - plants only

may have rhizomes - plants only

can photosynthesize - plants only

have cell walls - both plants and fungi

Explanation:

Fungi and plants are two distinct groups of eukaryotic organisms. They possess different structures and characteristics and also have one or few in common. The characteristics in the question will be used to explain which organisms between fungi and plants it belongs to:

- Some plants reproduce sexually by fusion of their gametes. Production of seeds is a unique process that only plants have. Plants are the only organisms that propagate via seeds. Fungi do not produce seeds.

- Heterotrophs are organisms that are incapable of producing their own food, hence, they rely on other organisms for food source. This is a characteristics of fungi only because plants are autotophic organisms and hence can synthesize their own food via the process of photosynthesis.

- Hyphae is a long filamentous structure that collectively forms the mycelium in Fungi. It can be septate (have walls) or aseptate (without walls). It is unique to only Fungi species and plants do not possess this feature.

- Plants absorb water and nutrients from the soil via their roots. Fungi cannot absorb directly from the soil. They absorb from Plant and animal matter around them.

- Rhizomes are horizontal underground stems that forms roots and shoots from its node. It is a feature of some plants like onions, ginger etc. Fungi do not have or produce Rhizomes.

- Photosynthesis is the process whereby food is synthesized using energy from the sun. It is unique to autotrophic organisms like plants, that possess pigments like Chlorophyll which they use to trap light energy from the sun. Fungi is an heterotroph and hence cannot photosynthesize.

- Fungi and plants both have cell walls in their cells. The cell walls of fungi and plants are made up of chitin and cellulose respectively. Hence, cell wall is a feature of both organisms.

Answer:

While changes to vessel lanes and speeds may have been beneficial to right whales, additional actions are needed to prevent population declines.

Explanation:

As you can see from the graph, both those things were beneficial, but around 2009 you can see that the population began going down again. This means that the effects were obviously good, but that more actions should be taken in order to ensure that the right whales thrive even more since for the first time in 20 years they began going back down.

Answer:

The correct answer would be oxygen.

Cellular respiration is the process of producing energy in the form of ATP by oxidation of the food (particularly carbohydrate or glucose).

Oxygen is one of the most important component required for complete oxidation of the glucose.

It is the final acceptor of the electron in the electron transport chain. It gets reduced to water.

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP (approx 38).

Animals living on land gets their oxygen from the air they breathe in and animals living in the water extract dissolved oxygen from the surrounding water.

Fishes have specialized structures called gills which help them in extracting maximum amount of dissolved oxygen from the water.

Final answer:

The carrying capacity was reached when the population size became stable, which was at either 116 or 120 individuals according to the context provided. However, the specific year cannot be determined without additional data.

Explanation:

The population reached the carrying capacity when its growth leveled off and became stable at a certain number of individuals. Based on the provided information, we can interpret that the carrying capacity is reached when the population stabilizes at 116 or 120 individuals, depending on the specific scenario given. Since no explicit year is provided in the question, it cannot be determined exactly when the population reached its carrying capacity without additional data showing the timeline of population growth

oak tree DNA is much longer than that in human and the number of chromosomes also differ

Answer:

Nucleotide arrangement

Explanation:

There are obvious differences between humans, oak trees and frogs, but at the molecular level- the cells of all eukaryotes including plants and animals contains DNA in the same shape (double-helical).

All DNA molecule consists of two long polynucleotide chains composed of four types of nucleotide subunits (A, G, C, T). Each of these chains is known as DNA strand. The difference between species lies in the arrangement of the nucleotide bases in the DNA of respective organisms.

The sequence of nucleotides determines which proteins will be synthesized. The way the nucleotides (Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine) are arranged determines the information they encode, this information ultimately determines whether the organism will produce scales(frogs), leaves (oak plant) or legs (humans).

I believe the answer is "pathogens".

"White blood cells protect against pathogens and aid in blood clotting when injuries are sustained."

Ans.

White blood cells (WBCs) or leukocytes are immune cells that are associated with protection of body against foreign invaders (pathogens) and infectious diseases. These cells include neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, B cells, T cell, and NK cells.

These cells migrate to the site of injury to prevent infection and entry of pathogens from broken skin. The B cells generate specific antibodies for particular pathogens and help in killing pathogens with the help of other immune cells, such as T cells.

Thus, the correct word to be filled in the blank is 'pathogen.'

The most probable future changes in the global climate are:

- Global warming;

If the levels of CO2 and methane increase enough in the atmosphere to be able to intensify the Greenhouse effect, than some portion of the ice on the planet will melt because of the rising temperatures, thus lifting up the sea level, creating more unpredictable weather with larger and stronger storms, but also making the mainland much drier. This would be a scenario if the continents are arranged like they are now, but if there isn't a sufficient mass of land on and around the poles, than all of the ice will melt and the sea levels will rise so much that the planet will come in the ''water planet'' scenario, and it will have wet tropical climate pretty much everywhere on the planet.

- Ice Age;

If there's a disruption in the warm ocean streams and some of them disappear, or the levels of nitrogen or oxygen increase in the atmosphere, the Earth will start to cool off, thus coming to a situation of an Ice Age. In this kind of situation, there will be large ice sheets on and around the poles that are stretching much further towards the lower latitudes, as well as mountains all over the world that are covered in snow and shaped by glaciers.

i need that one too please

The correct answer is option Memorization.

The memorization of the data help the scientist to recall all the facts and the theories, which are related to the experiments. In case, a scientist remembers all the things, the analyzing the data would be easier, as he can relate the data without referring to many sources. Hence, memorization would be very helpful in making connections across the data.  

Creativity is the most beneficial skill for scientists interpreting experimental results, as it allows for the synthesis of information and development of innovative solutions.

When interpreting the results of an experiment, creativity is a crucial skill for scientists. It encompasses the ability to synthesize diverse pieces of information, develop original thinking, and devise innovative solutions to problems. Such inventive thinking skills fall within the domain of critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. Creativity leads to the generation of new insights and approaches, potentially contributing to scientific breakthroughs.

While time management and memorization are significant, they are more procedural skills that relate to efficiency and knowledge retention, respectively. Inflexibility could hinder a scientist's ability to adapt to new data or perspectives, which is crucial in a dynamic and often unpredictable field like research. Therefore, out of the options provided, creativity stands out as the most beneficial to a scientist engaged in interpreting experimental results.

Most stars in the solar neighborhood are fainter and cooler than the Sun. There are also a handful of stars which are red and very bright (called red supergiants) and a few stars that are hot, but very faint (called white dwarfs).

Stars that are very hot but not very bright are called white dwarfs.

The stars that are very hot but not very bright are called white dwarfs.

White dwarfs are stars at the lower-left corner of the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram. They have high surface temperatures, but their overall brightness is low because they have a very small total surface area. This means that each square meter on a white dwarf puts out a lot of energy, making them hot, but their small size results in low overall brightness.

White dwarfs are formed during the late stages of stellar evolution when a star with a low or medium mass, like our Sun, exhausts its nuclear fuel and collapses under its own gravitational pull.

Answer:

The correct answer would be D) C₃H₈ + 5O₂ -> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O

Law of conservation of mass states that matter can neither be created nor it can be destroyed. It can change from one form to another however, the total mass of the matter remains conserved

In a chemical equation it can be infer as the mass of the reactants remains equal to the mass of the products.

Hence, the total number of elements used in a chemical reaction must remain conserve during the chemical reaction.

In the reaction C₃H₈ + 5O₂ -> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O  

3 carbon atoms are there in the reactant as well as product.

Similarly, 8 atoms of hydrogen and 10 atoms of the oxygen remain the same in reactant as well as product.

The answer is D) C3H8 + 5O2 -> 3CO2 + 4H2O

Just had this question

The vocabulary term that describes the first organisms to begin succession is pioneer species.

Pioneer species are hardy species (plants that can withstand the extremes of climate or habitat) which are the first organisms to colonize an already damaged or disturbed ecosystem. Pioneer species include lichen, algae and fungi. These species are the first organisms to begin succession, and they normalize the habitat along with abiotic factors such as temperature, water, sunlight, wind and nutrient availability.

The vocabulary term that describes the first organisms to begin succession is "pioneer species."

Pioneer species are hardy species that are the first to colonize previously disrupted or damaged ecosystems. They are capable of surviving in harsh conditions that would be inhospitable to other species. These organisms initiate the process of ecological succession by creating soil and modifying the environment, which eventually allows for a more diverse set of organisms to inhabit the area. Over time, as the environment changes, these pioneer species may be outcompeted by other species that are better adapted to the new conditions. This gradual replacement of species is a key characteristic of ecological succession, leading to a more complex and stable ecosystem.

Answer:  E.) The population of snakes will increase because of decreased predation by eagles.

A food chain is a linear sequence of transfer of food and energy, when one organism is consumed by another organism in an ecosystem. The energy is distributed among various trophic levels of the food chain. The organisms in the higher trophic levels consume organisms in the lower trophic levels.  

In the given situation, the decline in the eagle population due to human activities and pollution will increase the population of the organisms lying in the lower trophic levels such as stock and snakes which the eagle used to obtain as a source of food.

Answer:

A.) The population of frogs will decrease because of increased predation by snakes. and    E.) The population of snakes will increase because of decreased predation by eagles.

Explanation:

An obligate aerobe, by contrast, cannot make ATP in the absence of oxygen, and obligate anaerobes die in the presence of oxygen.

An obligate aerobe is an organism that requires oxygen to grow. Through cellular respiration, these organisms use oxygen to metabolise substances, like sugars or fats, to obtain energy. In this type of respiration, oxygen serves as the terminal electron acceptor for the electron transport chain.

An Obligate anaerobes are poisoned by oxygen, so they gather at the bottom of the tube where the oxygen concentration is lowest.

An obligate aerobe, by contrast, cannot make ATP in the absence of oxygen, and obligate anaerobes die in the presence of oxygen.

In Germany, the arable land was reported at approximately 34 percent in 2015, on the basis of the World Bank collection of developed indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources.  

The arable land comprises land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization as land under temporary crops, land under market or kitchen gardens, temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, and land temporarily fallow. However, land abandoned due to shifting cultivation is excluded.  

Answer:

the answer to the question is 34.1

Explanation:

PLATO

A.  

The population's birth rate falls below its death rate after a predator is introduced.

B.  

A lack of mating opportunities increases the population's level of emigration.

C.  

An increase in food availability increases the birth rate in the population.

D.  

The population's level of immigration falls below its level of emigration.

Answer: C. An increase in food availability increases the birth rate in the population.

Explanation:

The carrying capacity of an ecosystem can be defined as the maximum size of a population of a species an ecosystem can support on the basis of availability of resources such as food, water, habitat and other requirements.

An increase in food availability increases the birth rate in the population. is the correct option because to increase the population till the carrying capacity there must be surplus supply of food should be available to the population which can support in increase in birth rate so that the population can attain a level at the carrying capacity.