Which data table describes the Sun? A. Composition mostly frozen nitrogen Mass 258.9 × 1018 kg B. Composition mostly hydrogen and helium gas Mass 1.989 × 1030 kg C. Composition fine dust, metals and minerals, and volcanic rock Mass 6.4 × 1023 kg D. Composition central iron core surrounded by rock, similar to Earth Mass 4.9 × 1024 kg

Answer:

This is because of the first Newton's law:

If an object is at rest or at moving with constant velocity, it will remain doing that untill a force is applied on the object.

Now, if the car is still, and then it speeds, the box will want to keep the movement that it was doing before, so it will slide in the seat until the box gets the same speed as the car (this can happen when the box hits the back of the seat, and the back of the seat "pushes" the box)

Now, the same happens when the car stops, now the box has a velocity and when the car stops the box will keep moving forward, because there is no force that stops the box.

Answer:

There is an arrow up for the air resistance and an arrow down for gravity. The arrow up is shorter than the arrow down.

Explanation:

So in the free-body diagram you have to draw all the forces that are acting over some body.

In this case when the skydiver is falling down there are only 2 forces acting on him, the gravitational force and the air resistance, therefore in the free-body diagram should be 2 arrows, now we have to determinate the direction of this arrows, so like the gravitational force is pulling the skydiver down (towards to earth) the arrow for this one should be down, and for the air resistance as it's trying to stop skydiver's fall it's direction it's upwards. now for the length of the arrows we have to look in which direction is the skydiver speeding up, in the question it says that the skydiver is speeding up down so the bigger arrow should be downwards too.

Work done on the crate is given by

[tex]W = Fd cos\theta[/tex]

here we have

[tex]F = 142 N[/tex]

[tex]d = 6.1 m[/tex]

[tex]\theta = 37 degree[/tex]

now we have

[tex]W = Fdcos37[/tex]

[tex]W = 142 * 6.1 * cos37[/tex]

[tex]W = 691.8 J[/tex]

So it require 691.8 J work to slide the block across horizontal floor

Answer:

Deceleration of the car is 2[tex]\frac{m}{s^{2} }[/tex].

Explanation:

Given:

initial speed = 12 m/s

final speed = 8 m/s

time = 2 s

To find:

acceleration = ?

Formula used:

According to first kinematic equation:

v = u + a t

Where, v = final speed

u = initial speed

t = time

a = acceleration

Solution:

According to first kinematic equation:

v = u + a t

Where, v = final speed

u = initial speed

t = time

a = acceleration

8 = 12 + 2 a

-4 = 2 a

a = -2 [tex]\frac{m}{s^{2} }[/tex]

The negative sign implies that it is deceleration. Thus, deceleration of the car is 2[tex]\frac{m}{s^{2} }[/tex].

Answer:

Acceleration value of car = -2 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]

Explanation:

 We have equation of motion, v = u + at, where v is the final velocity, u is the initial velocity, a is the acceleration and t is the time taken.

Here a car is traveling at 12 m/s, so initial velocity = 12 m/s

After 2 seconds the speed drops to 8 m/s, so final velocity = 8 m/s

Time taken = 2 seconds

Substituting

        8 = 12 + a * 2

         2a = -4

         a = -2 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]

 Acceleration value of car = -2 [tex]m/s^2[/tex]

kinetic energy is what causes objects to move, and the absence of kinetic energy causes energy to stay still. It is also important to remember that energy is neither created or destroyed, and is constantly being reused.

Before coming into a conclusion, first we have to understand Einstein's mass energy equivalence theory.

As per this theory ,mass and energy are inter convertible.This theory is mathematically written as-

E=mc^2. Where m is the mass and c is the velocity.

So, when some amount of mass is lost, equivalent amount of energy is produced as per this theory.

As per law of conservation of energy, the total energy of the universe is always constant.Energy is neither created nor destroyed.It only changes from one form to another.

In case of sun,the energy is produced due to fusion reaction.In this type of reaction there will be mass defect .Due to this loss of mass, equivalent amount of energy is produced which comes into earth in the form of radiations.

Here the law of conservation of energy is not violated .Before the fusion reaction,the energy was trapped inside the atoms .When the reaction was initiated, correspondingly same amount of energy is produced due to mass defect ,but the total energy is always constant.

Hence,it is also in accordance with the law of conservation of energy.

Hence,the correct answer to the question is D i.e all the energy that reaches Earth from the Sun was originally contained within the Sun’s atoms.

Given:

Time taken: 3.5 hrs

Speed: 120mi/HR

Now we know that

distance = speed x time

Substituting the given values in the above formula we get

Distance= 120mi/hr x 3 hrs

Distance = 360 mi= 579.36 Km

The speed is the distance covered by an object at a particular time. The distance between the Platform 9 and Hogwarts is 360 miles.

The speed is the distance covered by an object at a particular time. Therefore, it is the ratio of distance and time.

Speed = Distance Covered / Time taken

Given that it takes 3.5 hours for the Hogwarts Express, moving at a speed of 120 mi/hr, to make it from Platform 9 to Hogwarts. Therefore, we can write the given quantities as,

Speed of the Hogwarts Express = 120 miles per hour

Time taken = 3 hours

Now, the distance between the Platform 9 and Hogwarts can be written as,

Speed = Distance / Time

120 miles per hour = Distance / 3 hours

Distance = 120 miles per hour × 3 hours

Distance = 360 miles

Hence, the distance between the Platform 9 and Hogwarts is 360 miles.

Learn more about Speed here:

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Acceleration =  speed / time

speed = v= 30m    time = t 9s

a  = v/ t

  30m/ 9s

= 3.4ms⁻¹

The hockey puck is decelerating at an approximate rate of 0.37 m/s² based on the given distance covered and time taken for the puck to come to a stop.

In this case the hockey puck covered a distance of 30 m and came to rest in 9 seconds. This is a clear case of constant deceleration which can be calculated using the formula for constant acceleration: a = (v - u) / t. Here, t = time = 9 s, u = initial velocity (which we don't know), and v = final velocity = 0 m/s (since the puck comes to rest). The only unknown here is the initial velocity. However, since we know the total distance travelled by the puck (d = 30 m) and the time taken we can utilise the second equation of motion: d = ut + 0.5at². By substituting the known values and simplifying, we arrive at the equation 30 = 9u indicating that u = 3.33 m/s (approx).

With the initial velocity determined as 3.33 m/s, we can calculate acceleration, i.e., deceleration as a = (v - u) / t = (0 - 3.33) / 9, which comes out as -0.37 m/s². The negative sign indicates deceleration (or slowing down). So the constant deceleration of the hockey puck is approximately 0.37 m/s² in magnitude.

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Answer: The correct option is 3.5m/s.

Explanation: In the question, conservation of energy is taking place which means that the energy is getting transferred from one form to another form.

Here, elastic potential energy of the spring is getting converted to the kinetic energy of the block.

Mathematically,

[tex]\frac{1}{2}kx^2=\frac{1}{2}mv^2[/tex]

where, k = spring constant = 56N/m

x = compression of extension of spring = 0.75m

m = Mass of the block = 2.5kg

v = velocity of the block = ? m/s

Putting values in above equation, we get:

[tex]\frac{1}{2}\times 56\times (0.75)^2=\frac{1}{2}\times 2.5\times v^2\\\\v=3.54m/s[/tex]

Hence, the block will move at a speed of 3.5m/s

The velocity of the block after the spring is released is approximately 13 m/s.

To find the velocity of the block after the spring is released, we can use the principle of conservation of mechanical energy. The potential energy stored in the spring will be converted into the kinetic energy of the block as it moves.

The potential energy (U) stored in a spring is given by the equation:

[tex]\[ U = \frac{1}{2} k x^2 \][/tex]

where k is the spring constant and x is the compression of the spring.

 For this problem:

[tex]\[ k = 56 \, \text{N/m} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ x = 0.75 \, \text{m} \][/tex]

So the potential energy stored in the spring is:

[tex]\[ U = \frac{1}{2} (56 \, \text{N/m}) (0.75 \, \text{m})^2 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ U = \frac{1}{2} (56 \, \text{N/m}) (0.5625 \, \text{m}^2) \][/tex]

[tex]\[ U = 15.4 \, \text{J} \][/tex]

This potential energy will be converted into the kinetic energy (K) of the block, which is given by:

[tex]\[ K = \frac{1}{2} m v^2 \][/tex]

where m  is the mass of the block and  v  is its velocity.

The mass of the block m is 2.5 kg, so we have:

[tex]\[ \frac{1}{2} m v^2 = U \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \frac{1}{2} (2.5 \, \text{kg}) v^2 = 15.4 \, \text{J} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ (1.25 \, \text{kg}) v^2 = 15.4 \, \text{J} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v^2 = \frac{15.4 \, \text{J}}{1.25 \, \text{kg}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v^2 = 12.32 \, \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v = \sqrt{12.32 \, \text{m}^2/\text{s}^2} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ v \ = 13 \, \text{m/s} \][/tex]

Time period of simple pendulum is given by formula

[tex]T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{L}{g}}[/tex]

here

L = length of pendulum

g = acceleration due to gravity

now as per formula we can see that time period is directly proportional to the square root of the length.

So in order to increase the time period we can increase its length

so correct answer would be

b. by making the string longer

Answer:

by making the string longer

Explanation:

Well! see the car experiences 300 N force to the right from the engine.

It also experiences 150N force to left due to friction and air resistance

Now, we know it is the net force which will decide the car will move in which direction

We have net force=300-150=150N

which is towards right

So that means car will accelerate in right direction.

Hope it helps!!

Hola aquí va la respuesta!!

What will happen if a car experiences a 300 N force to the right from the engine and a separate 150 N force due to friction and air resistance to the left? Show your work to support your position.

If his velocity is constant, then there is zero net force on him . . . any force acting on him is exactly canceled by an equal force in the opposite direction.

In the case of a sky-diver, the force of gravity on him (his weight, downward) is exactly canceled by the force of air resistance upward.

The net force on him is zero.  If the net force on him were not zero, then his velocity  wouldn't be constant. He would be accelerated in the direction of the net force.

here in this type of collision we can use momentum conservation

[tex]P_{1i} + P_{2i} = P_{1f} + P_{2f}[/tex]

here we know that

[tex]m_1 = 122 kg[/tex]

[tex]v_{1i} = 13 m/s[/tex]

[tex]v_{2i} = -17 m/s[/tex]

[tex]v_{1f} = v_{2f} = - 3.5 m/s[/tex]

now by above equation of momentum conservation

[tex]122* 13 + m_2*(-17) = 122*(-3.5) + m_2*(-3.5)[/tex]

[tex]1586  - 17*m_2 = - 427 - 3.5* m_2[/tex]

[tex]1586 + 427 = (17 - 3.5)*m_2[/tex]

[tex]2013 = 13.5*m_2[/tex]

[tex]m_2 = \frac{2013}{13.5}[/tex]

[tex]m_2 = 149 kg[/tex]

so mass of the player 2 will be approx 149 kg

Wave is a disturbance or energy that propagate through medium from one point to other point

So basically it is a flowing energy that flows into the medium and hence medium particles start oscillating about their mean position to and fro.

This motion of medium particles or this to and fro motion is about their mean position and this will always be cyclic or periodic motion

This means the disturbance or energy continuously flow through the medium such that it will change the position of medium particle and this will be cyclic in order

For an example

[tex]y = A sin(\omega t + kx + \phi)[/tex]

so here above equation of wave is a travelling wave in which displacement of medium particle from its mean position is given by "y"

Now we can see that this disturbance depends upon the sine function and it will repeat its same position after every 2 pi time interval as it is cyclic function for this value

Due to this phenomenon of repeatation of its same position we can say that it is disturbance of wave is cyclic.

A cyclic or periodic wave is a repeating disturbance characterized by crests and troughs, with a wavelength defining the distance between successive crests. The wave's period is the time for a complete oscillation, and its frequency is the number of cycles per unit time.

When we say that a wave is a cyclic, or periodic, disturbance, we mean it exhibits a specific pattern that repeats itself over time. A wave motion has a series of crests and troughs; moving from one crest through a trough to the next crest constitutes one complete cycle. The wavelength is the horizontal distance between successive wave crests. Waves like those on the water surface can cause objects to experience simple harmonic motion, moving up and down as the wave passes through. The period T of the wave is the time it takes for one complete oscillation, while the frequency f is the number of cycles per unit time, given by the equation f = 1/T. Understanding these properties helps describe a wave's amplitude, frequency, wavelength, speed, and energy—all essential to characterize periodic waves and their effects on the surrounding environment.

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The term that best describes how many waves that pass? It's frequency because how many waves are passed by a given point or time is called the waves frequency. I hope this helped you out on your assignment.

The term frequency (D) best describes the number of waves that pass a point in one second and is measured in hertz (Hz). It is calculated by dividing wave speed by wavelength or by counting the waves that pass a point within a set timeframe.

The term that is best described as the number of waves that pass a point in one second is frequency (D). Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), which are equivalent to cycles per second. To determine the frequency, one must count how many waves pass a marker within a certain timeframe. For example, if three waves pass a point in three seconds, the frequency would be 1 Hz since one wave is passing per second.

The relationship between wave speed, frequency, and wavelength is frequency (f) = wave speed (v) / wavelength (λ). This equation shows that if you know the wave speed and its wavelength, you can calculate the frequency. Conversely, knowing the frequency and wavelength, you can determine the wave speed.

Level of sound is related to intensity by this equation

[tex]L = 10 Log \frac{I}{I_o}[/tex]

given that

L = 85 dB

also we know that

[tex]I_o = 10^{-12} W/m^2[/tex]

now we have

[tex]85 = 10 Log \frac{I}{10^{-12}}[/tex]

By solving above equation

[tex]I = 10^{8.5} * 10^{-12}[/tex]

[tex]I = 3.16 * 10^{-4} W/m^2[/tex]

now above is the intensity due to two firecrackers and if we wish to find the sound level of one firecracker then we will find its half level intensity

[tex]I_1 = \frac{I}{2}[/tex]

[tex]I_1 = 1.58 * 10^{-4}[/tex]

now again by above formula

[tex]L = 10 Log \frac{1.58 * 10^{-4}}{10^{-12}}[/tex]

[tex]L = 82 dB[/tex]

Answer with Explanation:

Atom=Smallest Particle present on earth

Subatomic Particle=Smaller than Atom(Electron +Proton)

Electron = -vely Charged Particle

Proton =+vely Charged Particle

In J.J Thompson Model of Atom , which is called Plum Pudding model ,Electrons and Protons that is Subatomic particles were uniformly Distributed inside the Nucleus of Atom.

But Rutherford Contradicted Thompson by saying that, Protons are fixed inside the nucleus and Electrons are moving in Elliptical path around the nucleus like the planets around the sun.This Model is Known as Planetary Model.

In this experiment, the warmth of the air is an dependent variable.

Answer:

Dependent variable

Explanation:

In an experiment, Independent variable means the one which is being changed to observe changes in the other variable (dependent). The environmental factor which is kept stable is known as constant.

In the given experiment, the material is an independent variable. The warmth of the air is dependent variable because the warmth will depend on the material. All the boxes are kept in same place. This is constant. All the boxes are kept for 1 hour. Time is the control.

Neither would move.

Hope this helps.

Answer:

Student’s(50 kg) gravitational potential energy if the cliff is 80 m high = 39.2 kJ

Explanation:

   Potential energy is given by the expression, PE =mgh, m is the mass, g is the acceleration due to gravity value and h is the height.

 Here mass of student, m = 50 kilogram

           Height of cliff , h = 80 meter

           Acceleration due to gravity = [tex]9.8m/s^2[/tex]

 Potential energy, PE = 50 * 9.8 * 80 = 39200 J

                                    = 39.2 kJ

Student’s(50 kg) gravitational potential energy if the cliff is 80 m high = 39.2 kJ

consider east-west direction along X-axis  and north-south direction along Y-axis

[tex]V_{ra}[/tex] = velocity of migrating robin relative to air = 12 j m/s

(where "j" is unit vector in Y-direction)

[tex]V_{ag}[/tex] = velocity of air relative to ground = 6.3 i m/s

(where "i" is unit vector in X-direction)

[tex]V_{rg}[/tex] = velocity of migrating robin relative to ground = ?

using the equation

[tex]V_{rg}[/tex] = [tex]V_{ra}[/tex] + [tex]V_{ag}[/tex]

[tex]V_{rg}[/tex] = 12 j + 6.3 i

[tex]V_{rg}[/tex] = 6.3 i + 12 j

magnitude : sqrt((6.3)² + (12)²) = 13.6 m/s

direction : tan⁻¹(12/6.3) = 62.3 deg north of east

Final answer:

Air masses are large bodies of air with uniform conditions formed in specific regions, which travel and influence weather by redistributing energy across the Earth's surface. They contribute to balancing the global climate by moving heat from warmer to cooler areas.

Explanation:

Air masses are vast bodies of air that encompass thousands of square miles, with uniform temperature, humidity, and pressure characteristics. Air masses form in source regions typically characterized by low relief and calm winds which allow for the air to acquire the traits of the Earth's surface beneath it. After a period of about 3 to 5 days, an equilibrium is established between the air mass and the source region, via radiative processes and vertical mixing of heat.

High-pressure regions are ideal for the genesis of air masses as the subsiding air promotes homogeneity. Once formed, air masses travel and as they move, they can modify the weather conditions of the regions they pass over. For instance, a maritime tropical (mT) air mass which originates over a warm ocean, if it passes over a colder current, will get chilled and become more stable, while a continental polar (cP) air mass might become less stable if it moves over a warmer region.

Energy redistribution on Earth's surface is a critical function of air masses. The movement of air masses, driven by winds and air currents, helps in transferring heat from warmer regions of the planet to cooler regions, balancing the global energy budget. Without this process, the world would experience extreme temperatures that could threaten the viability of ecosystems and human societies.

The continual movement and interaction of different air masses lead to the formation of weather fronts, and consequently, climatic events like precipitation and storms. This dynamic behavior contributes significantly to the global climate patterns observed.

Answer:

Battery

Explanation:

A battery has the most potential energy, due to its chemical potential energy.

they can be called polar covalents

Polar molecules are hydrophillic, So you can say hydrophillic (loves water)

Answer:

Total time taken to travel 100 m = 23.82 seconds

In first case the velocity is constant and in the second case velocity is reducing by 0.2 m/s each second, so time taken will be different.

Explanation:

 A go-cart travels the first half of a 100m track with a constant speed of 5.00m/s

Time taken for first half of 100m = Distance velocity = 50/5 = 10 seconds

We have equation of motion [tex]s=ut+\frac{1}{2} at^2[/tex], where s is the displacement, u is the initial velocity, t is the time taken and a is the acceleration.

 For the second half of 100m we have

   s = 50 m, u = 5 m/s, a = [tex]-0.200m/s^2[/tex]

Substituting

  [tex]50=5t-\frac{1}{2} *0.2*t^2\\ \\ 0.1t^2-5t+50=0\\ \\ t^2-50t+500=0[/tex]

 t = 13.82 seconds or t = 36.18 seconds

 So it will take 13.82 seconds to travel second 50m

Total time taken = 10 + 13.82 = 23.82 seconds

In first case the velocity is constant and in the second case velocity is reducing by 0.2 m/s each second, so time taken will be different.

Final answer:

To determine the time it takes for a go-cart to travel a 100m track, we calculate the time for the first 50m traveled at a constant speed of 5.00m/s, which is 10 seconds. Then, for the second 50m, we factor in the deceleration of 0.200m/s^2, realizing the go-cart will not complete the second half of the track.

Explanation:

The question involves calculating the total time taken for a go-cart to complete a 100m track, which is split into two segments. The go-cart travels the first half with a constant speed, and in the second half, it experiences a deceleration due to a mechanical problem.

Step 1: Time for the first half

The go-cart travels the first 50m at a constant speed of 5.00m/s. The time (t) taken to travel this distance can be found using the formula: t = distance/speed. So, for the first 50m, t = 50m / 5.00m/s = 10 seconds.

Step 2: Time for the second half

In the second half, the go-cart slows down at a rate of 0.200m/s2, starting from the initial speed of 5.00m/s. To find the time taken to come to a stop, we use the kinematic equation v2 = u2 + 2as, where v is the final velocity (0 m/s), u is the initial velocity (5.00 m/s), a is the acceleration (-0.200m/s2), and s is the distance (50m). Solving for time, we get the second time period needed to travel the remaining distance.

Due to the deceleration, the final velocity of the go-cart will eventually reach 0 m/s before the end of the 50m stretch, which means we must first solve for the time to stop, and then add the remaining time to travel the leftover distance at 0 m/s, which is not possible, indicating the go-cart won't reach the end of the track due to the deceleration.

[tex] \huge \boxed{\mathbb{QUESTION} \downarrow}[/tex]

What is kinematics?

[tex] \large \boxed{\mathfrak{Answer \: with \: Explanation} \downarrow}[/tex]

force applied due to earth on the apple is given as

[tex]F = ma[/tex]

given that

m = 0.37 kg

a = 9.8 m/s^2

now we have

[tex]F = m*a[/tex]

[tex]F = 0.37* 9.8 = 3.63 N[/tex]

now as per Newton's III law equal and opposite force is applied on earth

so now we can find acceleration of Earth using same equation as we used above

[tex]F = ma[/tex]

here we know that

m = mass of earth

F = 3.63 N

[tex]3.63 = 5.98 * 10^{24} * a[/tex]

[tex]a = \frac{3.63}{5.98 * 10^{24}[/tex]

[tex]a = 6.1 * 10^{-25} m/s^2[/tex]

so acceleration of earth is very small and given by above value

According to Newton's third law, the apple and the Earth exert equal and opposite forces upon each other when the apple is in free-fall. The force that the apple exerts on the Earth is its weight (0.37 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = 3.626 N), and this is the same magnitude of force that the Earth applies on the apple, causing it to accelerate towards the Earth's surface.

Indeed, according to Newton's third law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This principle applies to the scenario of an apple falling towards the earth's surface. When you drop the apple, its weight, or the force due to gravity, accelerates it at 9.8 m/s^2, towards the earth. Conversely, the apple exerts an equivalent force back towards earth. However, due to earth's significantly larger mass, the acceleration it experiences as a result of this force isn't noticeable.

Now, let's clarify the concept of this force exerted by the apple. Weight can be computed as the product of mass and gravity (w=mg). In this case, the mass is 0.37 kg and gravity is 9.8 m/s^2, thus the weight of the apple is 3.626 N. This value represents the force that the apple exerts on Earth when it's in free fall, which is also the force that Earth exerts on the apple, causing it to accelerate downwards.

The magnitudes of these forces are equal, aligning with Newton's third law. Yet, the direction of the forces are opposite. When Earth pulls the apple downwards, the apple simultaneously pulls Earth upwards with the same magnitude of force.

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Given that the mass of the car is M = 439 Kg

We know that the acceleration due to gravity on earth is g = 9.8 m/[tex]s^{2}[/tex]

Weight can be calculated using the formula

W = mg

Plugging in the numbers, we get

W = (439)(9.8) = 4302.2 N

Thus, the weight of the car on earth is 4,302 N.

The same current flows through each part of a series circuit. The total resistance of a series circuit is equal to the sum of individual resistances. Voltage applied to a series circuit is equal to the sum of the individual voltage drops.

In a series circuit, the same amount of current flows through each component or circuit element. The voltage drop across each component in a series circuit could vary. The equivalent resistance of a series circuit is the sum of the resistances of each component.

In a series circuit, the current running through each circuit element or component, whether it's a resistor, capacitor, or inductor, remains the same. This is a fundamental concept in electricity and contrary to a parallel circuit where the voltage across each component is constant.

Let's take an example of resistors in a series circuit. The voltage drop or power dissipation across each resistor could be different. However, if you sum the voltage drops across each resistor, it adds up to the total power source input. This phenomenon can be explained using Ohm's law and the concept of equivalent resistance.

The equivalent resistance in a series circuit is the algebraic sum of individual resistances. Therefore, a key characteristic of a series circuit is that if one component fails, for instance, a bulb burns out, it affects all other components as the current flow is disturbed.

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