Answer:
Parallax
Explanation:
According to Mark Reid, an astronomer and an astrophysicist at Harvard Smithsonian Center, the Parallax method is the most accurate method to find distance in astronomy as it includes only geometry.
Astronomers determine the distance of heavenly objects in the space by a method known as the trigonometric parallax or the stellar parallax.
To measure a very large distances in space, for example the distance between a star or a planet from Earth, the astronomers uses parallax principle. Here, parallax is defined as a semi-angle made by the inclination between the two sight-lines and the star, and this observation is taken when our Earth is on the opposite sides of Sun.
Hence the answer is --- Parallax method.
Sophie Black works as a computer programmer for a software company. Her boss, Mike Jones, is responsible for developing a new software game for the Wii. After completion of the project, Mike gives all of the team members a free copy of the game without consent from the company. Sophie is a little hesitant and unsure about accepting the game because legally it would be considered ________.
Answer: Pirated Software
Explanation:
Here, in this particular case Sophie is hesitant because the software would be considered as Pirated. Software piracy is referred to as the illegally copying and further production of the software which do not tend to belong to the individual in such a way or manner which contravene the copyright infringement law.
A perceptual set is a a. tendency to fill in gaps to perceive a complete, whole object. b. readiness to perceive an object in an unfairly negative fashion. c. tendency to view objects higher in our field of vision as closer. d. mental predisposition that influences what we perceive. e. conditioned response to a perceived event.
Answer:
d)
Explanation:
In psychology, the term perceptual set refers to the tendency to perceive things in a certain way. This means that we tend to notice only certain aspects of an object or situation while ignoring other details according to our own past experiences or prejudices or expectancies.
Thus, we can conclude that a perceptual set would be d) mental predisposition that influence what we perceive.
Note:
a) Perceptual sets do not refer to the tendency to fill in gaps to perceive a complete object but rather to the fact that we do not perceive the object in its completeness.
b) Perceptual sets do not imply an unfairly negative perception but rather to not perceive things as a whole.
c) Again, perceptual sets don't refer to field of vision.
e) Perceptual sets are not necessarily conditioned responses.
A perceptual set is a d. mental predisposition that influences what we perceive.
Explanation:A perceptual set is a mental predisposition that influences what we perceive. It can involve perceiving objects in certain ways based on beliefs and expectations and filling in missing information to see complete objects. The perceptual set can also lead to unfairly negative perceptions. For example, if we expect to see a certain object in a specific context, we may be more likely to perceive it even if it's not actually there.
Similarly, if we have a negative bias towards a particular object or person, we may perceive them in an unfairly negative fashion. The perceptual set can also influence how we fill in gaps in our perception to perceive a complete, whole object. This process is known as closure, where our brain fills in missing information based on our perceptual set.
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Mrs. Nguyen agrees with the following statement: As I get older, things are better than I thought they d be. Mrs. Nguyen s self-perception __________.
a) is an example of a stereotype threat
b) may help her live a longer life
c) suggests that she is in denial
d) is consistent with the prevailing Western stereotype of late adulthood
Answer: a) is an example of stereotype threat
Explanation:
A stereotype threat is when people might conform to stereotypes about their social groups (in this case, the social group of "older people").
Conforming to this stereotype can be risky, because it might cause certain social groups to "underperform", to perform less than their actual potential. It's good that Mrs. Nguyen has formed her own opinion about getting older and she hasn't submitted to the general perception of about "getting older".
Neologisms and disorganized speech (where words and word combinations sound communicative, but the listener is left with little or no understanding of the point the speaker is trying to make) are a part of what clinicians call:
Answer:
Word salad
Explanation:
Word salad describes a situation in which a person tries to communicate but the words seem to be random and unrelated so what comes out is an incoherent phrase, neologisms and disorganized speech. People with dementia schizophrenia are more likely to show this symptom. Most of the times the person is not aware that he or she is not making sense.
AThe textbook suggests that people with PTSD have a more sensitive emotion-processing limbic system than other people do. Based on this information, the function of the _____ may be different among people with PTSD than among other people.
Answer:
The correct answer is: amygdala
Explanation:
The amygdala is part of the subcortical brain structures of the lymbic system, which function is to decode the emotional value of sensory information. Hippocampus, amygdala and the medial prefrontal cortex play an important role in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) since they are implicated in stress response. Traumatic stress is associated with changes in this brain areas. For instance, it has been observed that the amygdala function increases in patients with PTSD.
Schachter and Singer conducted two experiments in which two groups of participants were injected with epinephrine. One group was told of the arousal effects of the drug before the experiment began and the other group of participants was not told of the arousal effects of the drug. Later, participants observed a confederate displaying euphoric behavior in the first experiment and angry behavior in the second experiment. The results of both experiments supported Schachter and Singer’s theory of emotion in which ________.
Answer:
Emotions are the interpretation of the interaction physiological arousal and the cognitive label, we apply to explain the arousal.
Explanation:
The two-factor theory was proposed by Schachter and Singer. In this theory, there are two key factors physical arousal and cognitive label. In this theory when a person feels the experience of emotions, it includes the physiological arose with the cognitive level of emotions.
In this theory, the physical arousal plays first role. The theorist suggests that physical arousal was the same for several of the emotions. Thus physical arousal was alone responsible for emotion.
For instance, when I saw a strange person at night coming towards me my heart will be pounding fastly and I started trembling along with. Both the physical arousal and heart-pounding occur together due to my emotions fear and I get frightened.
George uses the DSM, and believes that it provides a very accurate means of diagnosing mental health disorders in his clients. In other words, George has faith in the ________ of the DSM.
Answer:
Validity
Explanation:
Validity is basically about to measure what it expects to measure or what it claims to measure. To know whether the test is valid or not applied the test on the population accurately and interpreted it. The psychological research and clinical research both are very important for treatment. Many diagnostic tools are very important to measure the criteria of the symptoms in a disorder. Thus validity is very important for it.
There are several types of validity:
Construct validity Criterion validity Concurrent validity External validity internal validityPeople often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forgetting what they went to retrieve when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. What does this common experience best illustrate the principle of?
a. the self-reference effect.
b. levels of processing theory.
c. encoding specificity.
d. maintenance rehearsal.
Encoding specificity is the common experience and the best illustrate.
Option C
Explanation:This principle recognizes that the ability to recall can be made easier by matching the context or the occurrences when the memory was formed. Using the stored memory requires memory retrieval techniques that depend on encoding patterns.
These patterns vary since the same retrieval techniques may not be used to recall similar information or occurrences. Encoding cues that are employed in the case of someone forgetting something in the room include recreating the scene by going back to where one started and maybe hold/touch the same item as before.
The __________________ feature on Twitter is a great way to surface trending content, because it lets you save multiple searches using relevant keywords, hashtags, applicable sentiment.
Answer:
Advanced search.
Explanation:
The advanced search on Twitter lets you save multiple searches, whether you wan't to search and save for people, trending news, a particular word, etc. It's a good way to surface the social media.
The 'saved searches' feature on T-witter allows users to save keyword, hashtag, and sentiment-based searches to easily revisit trending topics or discussions. It is an effective tool for tracking trends and comprehensive exploration.
Explanation:The saved searches feature on T-witter is a great way to surface trending content. This particular feature facilitates the ability to save multiple searches using relevant keywords, hashtags, and even sentiment, providing you a quick and efficient tool to keep track of trends and discussions in your area of interest.
For instance, if you're exploring trends about 'environmental awareness', you can save searches for '#GreenNewDeal', '#ClimateChange', 'Sustainable living' and so forth. The sentiments like 'positive' or 'negative' can be used to filter the kind of tweets you want to see in your search.
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When we see others engage in behavior, we tend to overemphasize internal characteristics in explaining why they behaved in the way they did. In contrast, when we engage in behavior, we emphasize situational characteristics to explain why we behaved how we did. This is known as what:__________
Answer:
fundamental attribution error
Explanation:
The fundamental attribution error is known as the tendency to explain the behavior of others based on stable personality dispositions and to underestimate the importance of the situation. Not only does it provide a distorted image of the human being, but it leads to a wrong diagnosis of the motivations of the behavior.
Answer:
The Fundemental Attribution Error.
Explanation:
A P E X
You teach supervision seminars for ABC Company. As you lecture, you are communicating using words, gestures, and facial expressions. You are actively engaged in which step of the communication process?
a. decoding.
b. feedback.
c. encoding.
d. receiving.
Answer:
The answer is c. encoding.
Explanation:
Enconding refers to transforming thoughts into a message, which must be sent through a medium (in th example, words, gestures and facial expressions).
It is the audience who then must decode the messages. In other words, they must interpret the meaning by associating all the different inputs. The ideas are finally transformed into thoughts --the same process, only backwards.
____ is the regulatory process of establishing standards that will achieve organizational goals, comparing actual performance to those standards, and then, if necessary, taking corrective action to restore performance to those standards.
Answer: Control
Explanation:
Control is technique in organization and management field that is used for detection of errors and then corrective measures are taken so that desired goals of an organization can be achieved.
Control introduces standards for functioning of organization and checks that all processes work according to that standard.Comparison between actual performance and standard performance is also measured using control
Juanita is trying to convince the owner of a jewelry store to hire her. She argues that she could help the shop sell an additional three rings per day for a profit of $20 each. If the facts are not in dispute, but the owner does not hire her, then
Answer:
Explanation:In this case, the shopkeeper will do his own loss. That is not a good approach by the shopkeeper. He should go with this girl in order to increase the profit.
You enroll in a freshman Introduction to Sociology course at your college, and the classes are held in a large auditorium with stadium seating that holds over a hundred students, with a single instructor behind a lectern. This illustrates which characteristic of a bureaucracy?
Answer:
Impersonality
Explanation:
Impersonality or Impersonal bureaucracy refers to the treatment of all equally without any difference or discrimination. In this case, the students are all provided with similar seating arrangement and similar level of instruction is provided. Therefore, it illustrates the impersonality characteristic of bureaucracy which treats everyone equally without any differences.
Lisa put five quarters into the parking meter every time she goes downtown. However, when asked, Lisa cannot say if the head on a quarter is facing left or right. This may be an example of ________.
Answer:
encoding failure
Explanation:
The codification is linked to the ability to remember, it is a concept introduced by Gestalt psychology. Since Lisa didn't pay attention in the first instance, she had an encoding failure.
The coding is what makes it possible to convert the perceived items into constructs that can be stored and subsequently evoked.
Which person is LEAST likely to be in a group with the other three?
a. Ben: age fifty, married, politically conservative accountant
b. Sam: age forty-seven, single, ultra-conservative lawyer
c. Sally: age forty-eight, married, politically conservative manager
d. Lauren: age twenty-five, single, liberal waitress
Answer:
D: Lauren, because she's liberal and single.
Keisha and Laura are sitting side by side and playing with toys. They are sharing their toys but otherwise they are not interacting with each other. Instead, each child is doing her own activity. Which of Parten’s stages of play are these children demonstrating?
Answer:
The answer is parallell play (fourth stage).
Explanation:
In this stage, children play next to each other but don't interact directly. There isn't any kind of social experience, but it might serve as a practice for further interactions. In other words, children in this stage are practicing skills to engage in the future.
You are going water skiing for Christmas break. You are going to the Galápagos. You visit the birthplace of Pancho Villa. You go to Volcán Poás. You visit the Palacio Real where the kings and queens of the country once lived.
A. Argentina.
B. Costa Rica.
C. Spain.
D. Mexico.
E. Ecuador.
What about it though?
Answer:E - Ecuador
Explanation: Ecuador is a country situated in the west coast of South America, it is a Spanish speaking country with various places of attraction like the Galápagos which is an archipelago of volcanic islands. It has various other places of tourist attraction.
Shortly after she gets to her new college 2,500 miles from home, Tomasa goes to the school's activity fair to find some groups to join. She immediately signs up to audition for two different musical clubs, which are her interest. Her desire to join these groups may help to satisfy her need to _______.
Tomasa desire to join these groups may help to satisfy her need to belong.
Explanation:Tomasa can satisfy her need to belong by joining these groups. Need to belong also called self belonging. It is the emotional need that the human posses. It is the need of humans to get accepted in the society like in schools, society, college and office. It influences the behavior of humans.
This need comprises factors like self comparison, self presentation socially. In social psychology it comes under intrinsic motivation which help an individual even more confident when he/she is socially accepted.
Final answer:
Tomasa's eagerness to join musical clubs at college likely addresses her need for affiliation and identity within her new environment.
Explanation:
Tomasa's desire to join musical clubs at her new college may help to satisfy her need to affiliate with others and find a sense of belonging. The natural inclination to seek out reference groups provides a way for individuals to meet identity needs by finding like-minded people or those they admire, especially in a new environment such as a college campus. By engaging with groups that reflect her interests, Tomasa is likely responding to her sociological need to fit in and establish her identity within her new community.
The eruption of ________ has been called the greatest eruption in historic times, killing about 10,000 people outright by pyroclastic flows and another 117,000 indirectly through famine and disease.
Answer:
The correct answer is: Mount Tambora in 1815
Explanation:
Mount Tambora is an Indonesian volcanic mountain located in Sumbawa island, Indonesia, which explosion in April, 1815 is considered the largest and most destructive volcanic eruption recorded in history, which combined blast, pyroclastic flows and subsequent tsunamis killed at least 10,000 islanders directly. Famine and disease followed since crops couldn't grow, killing at least 100,000 people.
Zach accepted a position at a low-wage, part-time job. It wasn't what he wanted to do for the rest of his life, but he knew that he would achieve his ideal job at some point in his life. What aspect of emerging adulthood is Zach experiencing?
The correct answer would be, Multiple possibilities.
He knew that he would achieve his ideal job at some point in his life. Zach is experiencing Multiple possibilities.
Explanation:
Emerging Adulthood is a phase in a person's life which starts at the end of the adolescence and lasts till early adulthood. In this emerging adulthood, there are many transitions a person goes through.
People usually finish their studies and join some career. In this phase of life, people must have to take many life lasting impacted decisions.
So when Zach joined a position at a low wage, he knew that he would be able to achieve his ideal job, and this is what he does not want to do for the rest of his life. This is actually experiencing the multiple possibilities. Zach has joined the position for the time being, and he knows that he would have Multiple possibilities in the future what he can grab.
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Dominique is a recently divorced woman in her 30s who experienced some intimate partner violence during her previous marriage. According to research, what might Dominique's experiences with future intimate relationships be like after experiencing intimate partner violence?
A. Research does not show it impacting future relationships so we cannot predict what will happen.
B. After experiencing abuse, her odds of establishing a long-term stable relationship are lower.
C. It is highly likely she will experience the same type of abuse again in her next relationship.
D. After experiencing abuse, her odds of establishing a long-term stable relationship are higher.
Research does not show it impacting future relationships so we cannot predict what will happen.
Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Abuse in a relationship will result in emotional abuse. It can be verbal assault, control over partner, isolation, degradation, and dominance. It affects the person emotionally, psychologically and physically. It will completely affect the well-being of a person. As time goes by the severity of the abuse can also increase.
The effect of emotional abuse can be reduced with time and the help of matured experts who is strong with the social support network. If not the fear of chances of being victimized again increases while thinking about the relationships in the future. In the case of Dominique, we cannot predict the future of her.
Dominique's odds of establishing a long-term stable relationship are generally lower after experiencing intimate partner violence, due to the lasting psychological effects and potential barriers to forming healthy relationships.
Explanation:According to research, after experiencing intimate partner violence (IPV), Dominique's odds of establishing a long-term stable relationship are generally lower. This outcome is due in part to the complex and lasting impacts that abuse can have on an individual's mental health and their ability to trust future partners. Experiences such as IPV can lead to an increased risk of substance abuse, and mental health issues like depression or anxiety, and may affect future relationship patterns.
Furthermore, empirical evidence suggests that IPV often takes a long-term psychological toll on victims, affecting their sense of self-worth and creating potential barriers to forming healthy, solid relationships. It is also important to note that while there is a chance of a repeat of the same type of abuse in future relationships, it's not a foregone conclusion; survivors of IPV can seek therapy and support that might enable better outcomes in future intimate relationships.
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Dr. Hines is interested in studying how indoor lighting can influence people's moods during the winter. A sample of 100 households is selected. Fifty of the homes are randomly assigned to the bright-light condition where Dr. Hones replaces all the lights with 100-watt bulbs. In the other 50 houses, all the lights are changed to 60-watt bulbs. After two months, Dr. Hines measures the level of depression for the people living in the houses. In this example, the level of depression is the ____ variable
Answer:
Dependent variable
Explanation:
Variable is used in experimental studies. Variable could be anything such as age, gender, material, chemical, gene, intelligence, motivation, etc.
There are many types of variables
Independent variableDependent variable: The dependent variable is those variables that could not manipulate in the experiment. These variables show the manipulation of the independent variable. These variables become stable.
Discrete variable Orgasmic varying;e Extraneous variableThus here in the above statement, depression is a dependent variable that could not be manipulated by the experimenter.
Vivian and Steve met at work. At first they were just friends, but over time, they found themselves falling in love - or as Vivian tells her friends, "Steve just grew on me!" According to research in interpersonal attraction in interpersonal attraction, the most likely explanation for their attraction is
a. mere exposure.
b. personal attractiveness.
c. fate.
d. reciprocity of liking.
Answer:
Mere exposure
Explanation:
Mere exposure effect is a tendency that prefers merely because something is familiar with the subject. for example, any song, movie, clothes, etc. This is also called the familiarity principle.
For instance, if you are a caveman and you want to eat fruit. So you find out two fruit one is familiar and the other is not. So the caveman will eat the familiar fruit first rather than the second fruit.
This occurs naturally. It can be positive or negative. This procedure is also found in animals too. Thus in Vivian and Steve's case, both are effected by mere exposure effect.
During meetings, Renata has a tendency to go through the motions of working on the tasks at hand. However, she actually allows all of the other members do the work, though she’s more than happy to take an equal share of the credit for the completed work. Renata appears to be a(n) ______ in terms of the types of problem members in a meeting.
Answer:
Social loafing
Explanation:
Social loafing -
It is the method , in which the people tries not to exert any effort for a specific work or task .
This type of situation arises mostly when people are working in a group and have a specified task , can lead to the issue of social loafing .
Same situation is seen in the case of Renata , who appears to be a social loafing .
A research study was done and the researcher knew which participants were in the experimental group, and which were in the control group. The participants did not know what group they were in. In psychological research, this study is_______.
Answer:
This is a blinded experiment.
Explanation:
In this type of study, none of the participants know about the variables that might affect the results, until the end. This is usually done to avoid a placebo effect. It is considered to be an important tool in several scientific areas, especially in medicine and psychology.
There is a type of study where not even the researchers know about the dependent variables. This is called a double-blind study.
Lynda and Jake are in high school and have been good friends for a couple of years, taking the same classes and "hanging out with the same group of friends." However, they have never dated since neither feels any "passion" for the other. They also know that their friendship may weaken next year since they will be attending colleges that are far apart, although they will try to keep in contact through the Internet. According to Robert Sternberg, which type of love do Lynda and Jake possess?
The correct answer would be, Liking.
According to Robert Sternberg, The type of love that Lynda and Jake possess is Liking.
Explanation:
Robert Sternberg is a renowned psychologist. He presented his Triangular theory of love in 1985.
According to Robert Sternberg's theory of love triangle, there could be one of the three things in a relationship between couples. The love triangle consists of the following edges:
Romantic LoveCompassionate LoveLikingSo what between Lynda and Jake, according to Robert Sternberg theory of love, is Liking. They both are not passionate for each other, they are not committed either. So they have only liking between them.
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Sahara lives with her maternal grandmother. Sahara's father is incarcerated, and her mother is an active addict living on the streets. This example illustrates a type of family called a(n) _____ family.
Answer:
skipped-generation
Explanation:
the parents are missing
Final answer:
The situation describes an extended family structure where Sahara is being raised by her maternal grandmother due to her parents' unavailability. These multigenerational households are relatively common and involve grandparents or relatives providing caregiving in the absence of biological parents.
Explanation:
The scenario described shows that Sahara, a young girl, is living in a household with her maternal grandmother, with absent parents due to incarceration and addiction. This family arrangement is known as an extended family, which is a type of family structure where a child is raised by relatives other than their biological or adoptive parents. In Sahara's case, the extended family member is her grandmother. The scenario highlights a situation where intergenerational relationships are key, and the support provided by extended family members is crucial in the absence of the parents.
As stipulated by researchers and observers, multigenerational family systems are becoming more common. Such family structures often have three generations living together, where grandparents play a supportive role in raising grandchildren and may also provide care to their own aging relatives within the same household. Additionally, the concept of family structures encompasses various household arrangements defined by legal or blood relationships and typically includes at least one child under 18 years of age.
At one time Jimmy was scared of dogs because he was bitten by one. With subsequent repeated exposure to tame dogs in safe settings, however, his fear of dogs has gradually faded. Jimmy's diminishing fear of dogs best illustrates______.
Answer:
Extinction
Explanation:
In classical conditioning, the term extinction refers to the disappearance of a previously learned behavior.
Extinction usually happens when the behavior stops being reinforced or the individual goes through a process of 'unlearning' the behavior by starting making new associations until the original behavior does not longer appears.
In this example, Jimmy got bitten by one dog and he started being scared of dogs, thus, this is a learned behavior that he has. However, he was exposed to dogs in safe settings and his fear has faded now: Jimmy went through a process in which he 'unlearned' the behavior of fear and now this fear has faded.
Therefore we can conclude that this is an example of Extinction.
Which is not considered a strategy for commiting information to one's long-term memory? Group of answer choices a) Link the information to other information you already have stored. b) Mentally group similar individual items into buckets. c) Try to recall information amongst distractions. d) Break information down into manageable chunks.
"Try to recall information among distractions" is not taken a strategy for "committing information" to "one's long-term memory".
Option: C
Explanation:
Humans store information in two parts one is short-term memory called as temporary store and long-term memory which is known as relatively permanent store. To fetch out information from one's long term memory being in distracted situation can never result good but distributing information into manageable small chits, linking information with stored ideas, categorizing information etc such things can be approximately productive to conclude the need of information.
The strategy that is not considered a strategy for committing information to long-term memory is to try to recall information amongst distractions. Linking information to other information, mentally grouping similar items, and breaking information into manageable chunks are effective strategies for committing information to long-term memory.
Explanation:The strategy that is not considered a strategy for committing information to long-term memory is c) Try to recall information amongst distractions.
Recalling information amongst distractions actually hinders the process of encoding and consolidating information into long-term memory. Distractions can interfere with attention and focus, which are crucial for effective encoding and consolidation.
On the other hand, the other strategies mentioned, such as linking the information to other information already stored, mentally grouping similar items into buckets, and breaking information down into manageable chunks, are all effective strategies for committing information to long-term memory.