Which of the following are indicators of a chemical change? Select all that apply. color change temperature change precipitate formation gas formation cutting a solid into smaller pieces

To calculate the molality of a 48.0% glycerol solution, take 48.0% of a 100g sample as glycerol (48.0g), find the moles of glycerol, and then divide by the mass of water in kilograms. The resulting molality of the solution is 10.02 mol/kg.

To calculate the molality of a glycerol solution that is 48.0% glycerol by mass with a density of 1.120 g/ml, we can follow these steps:

Determine the mass of glycerol and water in a given volume of the solution.

Convert the mass of glycerol to moles using its molar mass.

Calculate the molality using the definition that molality is moles of solute per kilogram of solvent (water).

Let's assume we have 100 grams of this solution to make the calculation straightforward. Since the solution is 48.0% glycerol by mass, we have 48.0 g of glycerol and 52.0 g of water. The molar mass of glycerol, C₃H₈O₃, is approximately 92.09 g/mol. Therefore, the moles of glycerol are calculated as:

48.0 g C₃H₈O₃ / 92.09 g/mol = 0.521 moles C₃H₈O₃

The mass of water needs to be in kilograms for the molality calculation:

52.0 g water * 1 kg/1000 g = 0.052 kg water

Finally, the molality of the glycerol solution can be calculated as:

0.521 moles C₃H₈O₃ / 0.052 kg water = 10.02 m

Now, to express the molality in the standard unit of mol/kg, we use the previously calculated values. Thus, the molality of the solution would be 10.02 mol/kg.

Carboxylic acid is an organic compound that has COOH as the functional group.

Functional group is defined as a substituent or group of toms or an atom which causes chemical reactions.Each functional group will react similarly regardless to the parent carbon chain to which it is attached.This helps in prediction of chemical reactions.

The reactivity of functional group can be enhanced by making modifications in the functional group .Atoms present in functional groups are linked to each other by means of covalent bonds.They are named along with organic compounds according to IUPAC nomenclature.

Functional group inter conversion is also possible by retro -synthesis.In some cases , functional groups can be charged molecules.

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Answer is: chlorine and sodium.

Molten sodium chloride is separeted::
2NaCl(l) → 2Na(l) + Cl₂(g), 
but first ionic bonds in this salt are separeted because of heat: 
NaCl(l) → Na⁺(l) + Cl⁻(l).

Reaction of reduction at cathode(-): Na⁺(l) + e⁻ → Na⁰(l) /×2.

2Na⁺(l) + 2e⁻ → 2Na(l)

Reaction of oxidation at anode(+): 2Cl⁻(l) → Cl₂(g) + 2e⁻.

The anode is positive and the cathode is negative.

In electrolysis of molten sodium chloride, sodium metal is produced at the negatively charged cathode and chlorine gas is produced at the positively charged anode.

The process of producing sodium via the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride involves a Downs cell. In this setup, sodium ions migrate to the negatively charged cathode, pick up electrons, and are reduced to sodium metal. Chloride ions, meanwhile, migrate to the positively charged anode, lose electrons, and undergo oxidation to form chlorine gas. Therefore, at the cathode, the product is sodium metal and at the anode it is chlorine gas.

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Final answer:

To find the number of atoms in 0.10 mol of PtCl₂(NH₃)₂, calculate the total atoms per molecule (11 atoms) and multiply by Avogadro's number and the moles given, resulting in 6.622 x 10²² atoms.

Explanation:

The subject of the question is determining the number of atoms in a given quantity of a compound, in this case, the compound is PtCl₂(NH₃)₂. To calculate the number of atoms in 0.10 mol of PtCl₂(NH₃)₂, we have to first identify the number of each type of atom within one molecule of the compound. There is 1 platinum (Pt) atom, 2 chlorine (Cl) atoms, and 2 ammonia (NH₃) molecules, which equates to 2 nitrogen (N) atoms and 6 hydrogen (H) atoms. In total, one molecule of the compound contains 1 + 2 + 2 + 6 = 11 atoms.

To find the total number of atoms in 0.10 mol, you multiply the number of atoms in one molecule by Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mole), which provides the number of atoms in one mole. Therefore, 0.10 mol of this compound will contain (11 atoms/molecule) x (6.022 x 10²³ atoms/mole) x 0.10 mol = 6.622 x 10²² atoms.

V = n·R·T / p.
V(N₂) = 1.55 mol · 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K · 273 K / 1.00 atm.
V(O₂) = 34.72 L.

Answer:

KCl

Explanation:

Hello,

Potassium chloride is well-known as an ionic compound owing to the shown-below greater-than-1.7 difference between the electronegativities of potassium and chlorine:

[tex]\Delta E=E_{Cl}-E_K=3.16-0.82\\\Delta E=2.34[/tex]

This is by cause of the fact that such compounds that have a difference in the constituent elements' electronegativities greater than 1.7 are considered as ionic.

Best regards.

Answer : The correct answer is oxidation number of Zn changes from 0 to +2.

Oxidation number :

It is number given to an element when it undergoes oxidation by loosing electrons . Oxidation number is equal to number of electrons donated . It is generally represented as charge .

Oxidation number of any element in a compound can be calculated as :

(Total number of positive charge) + (total number of negative charge) = total charge on compound

Where : Total positive charge = No. of atom or polyatomic molecule * positive charge on it

Total negative charge = No. of atom or polyatomic molecule * negative charge on it

Total charge on compound = Charge lying on top of compound .

Following steps can be used to find change in oxidation number of Zn :

Step 1 ) : To find oxidation number of Zn ( reactant side ) :

On reactant side Zn is present in solid state or its elemental state . It is not attached to any other atom , hence it is neutral and isolated atom. So oxidation number on Zn(s) is 0 .

Step 2: To find oxidation number of Zn in ZnSO₄ (aq)

ZnSO₄(aq) is ionic compound compound . It has two ions in it, Zn and SO₄ . Also it is a neutral compound means it has zero charge on it .

SO₄ is sulfate which has -2 charge or oxidation number on it (image attached )and there is one molecule of SO₄ ion . There is one atom of Zn which has unknown charge or oxidation number (x) .

To calculate oxidation number on Zn ion , plug values in above formula :

(No of Zn atom * charge on it ) + (No of SO₄ molecule * charge on it ) = Total charge on ZnSO₄

( 1* charge on Zn ) + ( 1* -2 ) = 0

Charge on Zn + (-2) = 0

Charge on Zn = +2

On reactant side Zn(s) has Zero charge and on product side Zn in ZnSO₄(aq) has +2 charge .

Hence the charge in oxidation number of Zn is from 0 to +2 .

First, the balanced chemical reaction between HCl and K2SO3 is figured out. Then, using the molar mass of HCl, the number of moles are calculated. Finally, using the ideal gas law, the volume of SO2 produced is calculated as around 5.61 litres.

First, we need to figure out the balanced chemical reaction. The reaction of HCl with K2SO3 produces KCl, H2O, and SO2. The balanced reaction equation would look like this: 2HCl + K2SO3 -> 2KCl + H2O + SO2.

Next, we need to find out how many moles of HCl we have. 15.0 grams of HCl is around 0.411 moles (since molar mass of HCl is approximately 36.46 g/mol). According to the balanced reaction, for every 2 moles of HCl, we get 1 mole of SO2. Hence, our 0.411 moles of HCl would produce around 0.205 moles of SO2.

Finally, to find the volume of SO2 produced we can use the ideal gas law: PV=nRT. Given: Pressure(P) = 1.35 atm, Gas constant(R) = 0.0821 L.atm/(mol.K), Temperature(T) = 325K. By substituting these values in the ideal gas law, we get the volume (V) as 5.61 Litres.

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Answer:

The answer to the question you asked, "This tea kettle shows a change in the state of matter of water. Which part of the water cycle represents the same change in state?", is D. Lake water evaporates into the atmosphere.

Explanation:

The process of evaporation refers to the changing state of water from liquid to gaseous (vapor) state.

In the given condition, a tea kettle is placed, where the water evaporates due to the increased amount of heat provided to it. This allows the water to evaporate into the atmosphere forming water vapor.

One of the cases that shows a similar changing state of water is the evaporation of the lake water due to the high absorption of solar energy, that releases water vapor into the atmosphere.

Thus, the correct answer is option (D).

When the Earth experienced a high tide at 6 a.m, the approximate time will the next low tide occur will be C. 12 noon, because the coastline will turn 90 degrees from the moon.

It should be noted that all around the world, the water is rising and falling at a point. When, it rises, it's known a a high tide.

In this case, when it falls, it's know a a slow tide. The low tide occurs on every 12 hours which is 6 hours after the high tides. Therefore, the correct option is C.

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The next low tide will occur at 12 Noon, because the coastline will turn 90 degrees from the moon.

Explanation:

All around the world, along the coastlines, it can be noticed that everyday the water is rising at some points, and then it is retracting at some points. When the water rises it is called a high tide, while when the water is retracting it is called low tide. Both of these tides occur twice every day.

In this case, we have a high tide occurring at 6 AM, meaning that the other high tide will occur at 6 PM, when the moon circles by 180 degrees from the coastline. The low tide also occurs on every 12 hours, which occurs roughly 6 hours after the high tides, so in this case the low tides will occur at 12 Noon and at 12 Midnight. There are variations among the tides, depending on the relative position of the Earth, Moon, and Sun towards each other, some being:

The reaction of 78.33 g of aluminum with excess water will produce approximately 97.44 L of hydrogen gas at standard temperature and pressure.

The reaction of aluminum with water produces hydrogen gas. To determine the volume of hydrogen that will be produced, you have to use stoichiometry.

Firstly, we need to convert the mass of aluminum to moles of aluminum using its atomic mass (26.98 g/mol). So, 78.33 g Al * (1 mol Al / 26.98 g Al) = ~2.90 moles of Al.

Secondly, we use the balanced chemical reaction for the reaction of aluminum with water, which is 2Al + 6H2O -> 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2. This shows us that for every 2 moles of Al reacted, 3 moles of H2 are produced.

Therefore, if we have 2.90 moles of Al, it would produce (2.90 moles Al * 3 moles H2 / 2 moles Al) = ~4.35 moles of H2.

Finally, at STP conditions, 1 mole of any gas occupies a volume of 22.4 L. Therefore, 4.35 moles of H2 will occupy (4.35 moles H2 * 22.4 L/mol) = 97.44 L of H2.

So, the reaction of 78.33 g of aluminum with excess water will produce approximately 97.44 L of hydrogen gas at STP.

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The pH of a solution with a hydronium ion concentration of 1 × 10-9 M is 9, indicating that the solution is basic.

The pH of a solution is calculated by taking the negative logarithm of the hydronium ion concentration ([H3O+]). In this case, the hydronium ion concentration is given as 1 × 10-9 M. To find the pH of the solution, you would use the following equation:

pH = -log [H3O+]

In this example:

pH = -log(1 × 10-9)

Therefore, the pH is 9.

Since pH values less than 7.0 are acidic, values greater than 7.0 are basic, and a pH of 7.0 is neutral, this solution with a pH of 9 is considered basic.

This layer of the earth lies between the mantle and the solid inner core. It is the only liquid layer, a sea of mostly iron and nickel about 1,400 miles. The lava is mostly made up of iron and nickel. The outer core creates the Earth's magnetic field. The final layer is the inner core, which is 900 miles deep. Scientists believe the inner core is a solid ball of iron and other minerals.

β⁻ emission is an emission of an electron from the parent atom while converting a neutron into a proton. Hence, the formed daughter nucleus has the same number of mass but the atomic number is higher by 1 and number of neutrons is lower by one than the parent atom.

After a β⁻ emission of ¹⁰⁶Ru, the formed daughter nucleus should have 106 as mass number but (44 + 1) = 45 as the atomic number.  

Hence the daughter nucleus is Rh (Rhodium) which has 45 protons (atomic number).

The total charge of the thorium nucleus is 1.44 ×  10⁻¹⁷ C.The net electric charge on an ion is similar to the number of protons in the ion less the number of electrons.

The net electric charge on an ion is equal to the number of protons in the ion less the number of electrons. The electric charge on a proton is equal in magnitude to the charge on an electron.

When an atom has an equal amount of protons and electrons, it also has an equal number of positive and negative electric charges (the protons). The atom is referred to as neutral since its overall electric charge is zero.

Total Charge of Thorium Nucleus

= 90 × Charge of 1 electron

Q = 90 × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ C

Q = 1.44 ×  10⁻¹⁷ C

Thus,  1.44 ×  10⁻¹⁷ C is the total charge of the thorium nucleus is 1.44 ×  10⁻¹⁷ C.

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The volume of SO₂ produced at 325k   is calculated as below

calculate the moles of SO₂ produced  which  is calculated as follows

write the  reacting equation

K₂SO₃ +2 HCl = 2KCl +H₂O+ SO₂

find the moles of HCl used=mass/molar mass = 15g/ 36.5 g/mol =0.411 moles

by use of the mole ratio between HCl to SO₂  which is 2:1 the moles of SO₂ is, therefore, = 0.411 /2 =0.206 moles of SO2

use the ideal gas equation to calculate the volume SO₂

that is V=nRT/P  

where  n=0.206  moles

R(gas constant) = 0.082 L.atm/ mol.k

T=325 K

P=1.35 atm

V=(0.206 moles x  0.082 L.atm/mol.k x325 k)/1.35 atm = 4.07 L of SO₂

Answer:

One atom accepts electrons from another.

Explanation:

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