Which of the following changes will always be true for a spontaneous reaction? (3 points)

+ delta G
+ delta S
- delta G
- delta H

Protons and neutrons are held together rather closely in the center of the atom. Together they make up the nucleus, which accounts for nearly all of the mass of the atom.

Electrons move rapidly around the nucleus and constitute almost the entire volume of the atom. Although quantum mechanics are necessary to explain the motion of an electron about the nucleus, we can say that the distribution of electrons about an atom is such that the atom has a spherical shape.

Ans: D) 7930 g

Given:

Moles of H2SO4 = 60.0 mol

NH3 in excess

To determine:

The amount in grams of (NH4)2SO4 produced

Explanation:

The chemical reaction is as follows:

2NH3 + H2SO4 → (NH4)2SO4

Since, NH3 is in excess, H2SO4 will be the limiting reagent and will influence the amount of product formed

Based on the reaction stoichiometry:

1 mole of H2SO4 forms 1 mole of (NH4)2SO4

Therefore, 60.0 mol of H2SO4 will produce 60.0 mol of (NH4)2SO4

Now:

[tex]moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass} \\[/tex]

molar mass (NH4)2SO4 = 132.14 g/mol

[tex]mass of (NH4)2SO4 = moles * molar mass\\\\= 60.0 mol * 132.14 g/mol = 7928.4 g[/tex]

Answer : The correct option is, Chemical change.

Explanation :

Physical change : It is a change in which there is no new compound or substance is formed. In this, changes occurs only in the phase.  This change is reversible in nature.

For example : Water boiled  : It is a physical change because in this process only phase changes from liquid state to gaseous state.

Chemical change : It is a change in which a new or different compound or substance is formed and releases some amount of energy. There is no changes occurs in the phase. This change is irreversible in nature.

For example : Marshmallows browned  : It is a chemical change due to the burning of sugar. In the sugar burning process, sugar react with oxygen to give carbon dioxide and water as a product.

As per question, when the substances are different from the starting substances, chemical change has occurred.

Hence, the correct option is, Chemical change.

At equilibrium, the pH of the solution is 3.48; [H2A] = 0.0496 and [A2-] = 8.2 × 10^-9 M

H2A <----> H+ + HA- ;Ka1 = 2.2 × 10^-6

Ka1 = 2.2x10^-6 = [H+][HA-]/[H2A]

At equilibrium:

Substituting in the equation of Ka1

2.2 × 10^-6 = X^2/0.050 - X

X^2 = 1.1 × 10^-7

X = 3.31 × 10^-4

Since Ka1 <<< Ka2 and [H+] = X

[H+] = 3.31 × 10^-4

pH = - log 3.31 × 10^-4

pH = 3.48

[H2A] = 0.05 - 3.31 × 10^-4

[H2A] = 0.0496

HA- <------> H+ + A- Ka2 = 8.2 × 10^-9

Ka2 = 8.2 × 10^-9 = [H+][A2-]/[HA-]

HA- ------> H+ + A2-

3.31 × 10^-4 3.31 × 10^-4 0 Initial

-y +y +y Change

{3.31 ×10^-4 -y} {3.31 x10^-4+y} {+y} Equilibrium

Assuming y is very small:

Substituting in the equation of Ka2

8.2 × 10^-9 = (3.31x10^-4) × y /3.31 ×10^-4

y = 8.2 × 10^-9

Since [A2-] = y

[A2-] = 8.2 × 10^-9 M

Therefore, at equilibrium, the pH of the solution is 3.48; [H2A] = 0.0496 and [A2-] = 8.2 × 10^-9 M

Learn more about pH and equilibrium concentration of acid-base conjugates of weak acid at: https://brainly.com/question/8962960

Answer:

nitrite ion is NO2- and nitrate ion is NO3-

Explanation:

The nitrite ion has two oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom while nitrate ion has three oxygen atoms and one nitrogen atom. They are both univalent negative anions that form compounds with metallic cations as shown below;

Na+ + NO3- ⇒ NaNO3 (sodium nitrate)

Na+ + NO2- ⇒ NaNO2 (sodium nitrite)

Ca2+ + NO3- ⇒ Ca(NO3)2 (calcium nitrate)

Ca2+ + NO2- ⇒ Ca(NO2)2 (calcium nitrite)

You can deduce from the above ionic equations that nitrate ion is NO3- while nitrite ion is NO2-.

Final answer:

The molality of a solution containing 75.2 grams of AgClO₄ in 885 grams of benzene is approximately 0.41 m, following calculations based on molar mass and the definition of molality.

Explanation:

To find the molality of a solution that contains 75.2 grams of AgClO₄ in 885 grams of benzene, one must first calculate the number of moles of AgClO₄ present.

The molar mass of AgClO₄ (Ag=107.87, Cl=35.45, O=16.00) is approximately 207.87 g/mol. Therefore, the moles of AgClO₄ are 75.2 g / 207.87 g/mol = 0.362 moles.

Since molality (m) is defined as moles of solute per kilogram of solvent, and the mass of benzene is given in grams, we must convert this to kilograms (885 g = 0.885 kg).

Thus, molality = 0.362 moles / 0.885 kg = 0.409 m, which rounds off to approximately 0.41 m, option A).

The molality of a solution with 75.2 grams of AgClO4 in 885 grams of benzene is calculated to be approximately 0.383 m. The answer closest to the calculation is 0.41 m, which is choice A.

Calculating Molality

To find the molality of a solution containing 75.2 grams of AgClO4 in 885 grams of benzene, we need to use the formula:

First, calculate the number of moles of AgClO4 by using its molar mass:

Molar mass of AgClO4 = 143.321 (Ag) + 35.453 (Cl) + 4*(15.999 (O)) = 221.722 g/mol

Moles of AgClO4 = 75.2 g / 221.722 g/mol = 0.339 moles

Next, convert the mass of the benzene solvent into kilograms:

885 g = 0.885 kg

Now, divide the moles of AgClO4 by the kilograms of benzene:

Molality = 0.339 moles / 0.885 kg = 0.383 m

Looking at the answer choices, the closest value is 0.41 m, which is choice A. Therefore, the correct answer to the student's question is A.) 0.41 m.

Answer:

Liquid

Explanation:

Solids have definite shape and definite volume. Since, they have a definite shape, they do not take the shape of the container they are kept in.

Liquids do not have a definite shape but have a definite volume. So, they take the shape of the container they are kept in. You can pour them into a bottle, a glass, or even a polybag. They will take the shape of the container they are kept in.

Gasses neither have a definite shape or a definite volume. So, they also take the shape of the container they are kept in but they do not have a definite volume either.

Therefore, the answer is "Liquid".

Answer- Answer for this is nucleus.

Explanation- Reaction called fission reaction is done to split the atom. When an atom splits due to this reaction a lot of energy is generated from the nucleus of the atom.

The nucleus contains protons and neutrons and when the atom is bombarded with particles the electrons, neutrons, and protons present in an atom split and the nucleus of the atom produces a large amount of energy that is in the form of heat. Some more particles are formed during this process which needs to be disposed properly.

Answer:

nucleus

Explanation:

The balanced chemical reaction between [tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] and [tex]{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}[/tex] is

[tex]\boxed{{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left( {aq} \right) + 2{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) \to 2{\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left( s\right)}[/tex]

Further Explanation:

The chemical reaction that contains an equal number of atoms of the different elements in the reactant as well as in the product side is known as a balanced chemical reaction. The chemical equation is required to be balanced to follow the Law of the conservation of mass.

The steps to balance a chemical reaction are as follows:

Step 1: Complete the reaction and write the unbalanced symbol equation.

In this reaction, [tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] reacts with [tex]{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}[/tex] to form [tex]{\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] and [tex]{\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex]. The unbalanced chemical equation is as follows:

[tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) \to {\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left(s\right)[/tex]

Step 2: Then we write the number of atoms of all the different elements that are present in a chemical reaction in the reactant side and product side separately.

• On reactant side,

Number of sodium atoms is 2.

Number of carbon atoms is 1.

Number of oxygen atom is 6.

Number of silver atom is 1.

Number of nitrogen atom is 1.

• On product side,

Number of sodium atom is 1.

Number of carbon atoms is 1.

Number of oxygen atom is 6.

Number of silver atoms is 2.

Number of nitrogen atom is 1.

Step 3: Initially, we try to balance the number of other atoms of elements except for carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen by multiplying with some number on any side. But nitrogen atoms on both sides of the equation are already equal. To balance the number of sodium and silver atoms, multiply [tex]{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] and [tex]{\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}[/tex] by 2. So the equation is,

 [tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left( {aq} \right) + \boxed2{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) \to \boxed2{\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left(s\right)[/tex]

Step 4: After this, we balance the number of atoms of carbon and then hydrogen atom followed by oxygen atoms. But these are already balanced. Now the reaction is,

[tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left( {aq} \right) + 2{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) \to 2{\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left(s\right)[/tex]  

Step 5: So the balanced chemical equation is given as follows:

 [tex]{\text{N}}{{\text{a}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left( {aq} \right) + 2{\text{AgN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) \to 2{\text{NaN}}{{\text{O}}_3}\left( {aq} \right) + {\text{A}}{{\text{g}}_{\text{2}}}{\text{C}}{{\text{O}}_{\text{3}}}\left(s\right)[/tex]

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1. Balanced chemical equation: https://brainly.com/question/1405182

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Answer details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Chemical reaction and equation

Keywords: balanced chemical reaction, reactant side, product side, AgNO3, NaNO3, Ag2CO3, Na2CO3, nitrogen atom, sodium atoms, oxygen atoms, carbon atoms, silver atoms.

Answer:

lys-arg-cys

Explanation:

Answer:

A. It would cause an expansion

Explanation:

Study Island told me the answer ;)

An increase in total expenditures affect the nation's economy as It would cause an expansion. Hence , Option (A) is correct.

Total Expenditure is the sum of the price paid for one or more products or services multiplied by the amount of each item purchased.

Expansion of total expenditure is that extends the capacity of an existing asset to provide benefits to new users at the same standard as is provided to existing beneficiaries.

Therefore, An increase in total expenditures affect the nation's economy as It would cause an expansion. Hence , Option (A) is correct.

Learn more about Total Expansion here ;

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To calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction, detailed information about the reaction and the concentrations of all species at equilibrium is essential, which is not fully provided in the question.

The question at hand requires calculating the value of the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a given chemical reaction. However, from the information provided, it looks like there might be a mix-up or missing data. For calculating Kc, information about the reaction itself and the concentrations of all reactants and products at equilibrium is essential. Without knowing the specific reaction or having the concentrations of other species besides O2, it's impossible to directly calculate Kc. In a typical calculation, if the reaction were known, and assuming O2 participates in the reaction, its concentration along with those of other species involved would be used in the formula for Kc, which usually follows the form: Kc = [Products]coefficients / [Reactants]coefficients. Precision in these values is crucial for determining the reaction's dynamic equilibrium accurately.

Final answer:

When 47.5 moles of NH₃ are produced in the given reaction, 23.75 moles of CaCO₃ are produced; when calculating the mass, it equates to 2375 grams of CaCO₃, which is approximately option 6, 2380 g, after rounding.

Explanation:

To calculate how much CaCO₃ is produced if 47.5 moles of NH₃ are produced, we need to use the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation: CaCN₂ + 3 H₂O → CaCO₃ + 2 NH₃.

According to the equation, the production of 2 moles of NH₃ corresponds to the production of 1 mole of CaCO₃. To find the amount of CaCO₃ produced from 47.5 moles of NH₃, we perform the following steps:

Therefore, the amount of CaCO₃ produced is 2375 grams, which corresponds to option 6, 2380 g (rounded to the nearest ten due to significant figures).

Final answer:

A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more solute than can normally be dissolved at a given temperature. When a seed crystal is added, the excess solute in the supersaturated solution can recrystallize.

Explanation:

A supersaturated solution is a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of solute that is capable of being dissolved at a given temperature. When a seed crystal is added to the solution, a supersaturated solution can recrystallize.

Answer:

D. The World Trade Organization

Explanation:

The purpose of the World Trade Organization is to establish a common institutional framework to regulate trade relations between its various Members, to establish a mechanism for the peaceful settlement of trade disputes on the basis of the trade agreements currently in force and to create an environment negotiation of new trade agreements between Members.

Thus, we can conclude that if a country is producing packaging of a commercial product that is taking advantage of the product of other countries, this should be discussed at a meeting of the World Trade Organization.

The molality, millimolality, and milliosmolality of the solutions are calculated. Osmosis will occur between the solutions, with water moving from the glucose solution to the NaCl solution.

To calculate the molality, millimolality, and milliosmolality of the solutions, we will use the formulas:

Molality (m) = moles of solute / mass of solvent in kg

Millimolality (mm) = millimoles of solute / mass of solvent in kg

Milliosmolality (mOsm) = milliosmoles of solute / mass of solvent in kg

For the NaCl solution:

For the glucose solution:

Osmosis will occur between the solutions since there is a difference in solute concentrations. Water molecules will move from the region of lower solute concentration (higher water concentration) to the region of higher solute concentration (lower water concentration). In this case, water will move from the glucose solution to the NaCl solution.

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To make it easier, assume that we have a total of 100 g of aegirine. Hence, we have 10g of Na, 24.2g of Fe, 24.3g of Si and 41.5g of O. Know we will convert each of these masses to moles by using the atomic masses of Na, Fe, Si, and O:

[tex] \frac{10g Na}{23g/mole} = 0.43 mole Na[/tex]

[tex]( \frac{24.2g Fe}{55.9g/mole} ) = 0.43 mole Fe[/tex]

[tex] ( \frac{24.3g Si}{28.1g/mole} ) = 0.86 mole Si[/tex]

[tex] ( \frac{41.5g O}{16g/mole} ) = 2.59 mole O[/tex]

Now, we will divide all the mole numbers by the smallest among them and get the number of atoms in the mineral:

Na = 0.43/0.43 = 1

Fe = 0.43/0.43 = 1

Si = 0.86/0.43 = 2

O = 2.59/0.43 = 6

So, the empirical formula of the compound NaFeSi2O6

Final answer:

approximately 9.69 × 10^23 oxygen atoms in 6.00 g of sodium dichromate.

Explanation:

to calculate the number of moles of Na2Cr2O7 in 6.00 g and then use this information to find the number of oxygen atoms. First, calculate the molar mass of Na2Cr2O7. Sodium (Na) has an atomic mass of about 23.0 g/mol, chromium (Cr) is roughly 52.0 g/mol, and oxygen (O) is 16.0 g/mol. Therefore, the molar mass of Na2Cr2O7 is (2×23.0) + (2×52.0) + (7×16.0) = 262.0 g/mol. To find the moles of Na2Cr2O7 in 6.00 g, use the formula: Moles = mass (g) / molar mass (g/mol), which gives us 6.00 g / 262.0 g/mol = 0.0229 mol.

Since Na2Cr2O7 contains 7 oxygen atoms per formula unit, the total number of oxygen atoms in 6.00 g of Na2Cr2O7 is 0.0229 mol × (7 atoms/mol) × (6.022 × 1023 atoms/mol) = 9.69 × 1023 oxygen atoms.

Answer:

F

Explanation:

edg

Burning a log in a fireplace converts the chemical energy stored in the wood into thermal energy and light, through a process called combustion. Wood stoves and fireplace inserts can offer more efficient and less polluting heating options by releasing fewer particulates.

When you burn a log in your fireplace, you are converting the chemical energy stored in the wood into thermal energy and light. This process is known as combustion, and during combustion, the carbon in wood combines with oxygen in the air to form carbon dioxide. Along with carbon dioxide, water vapor, and other gases, a significant amount of thermal energy is released, which provides heat to your home.

The burning of wood for home heating is a form of energy transformation where the potential energy stored within the wood's molecular bonds is released. Modern wood stoves and fireplace inserts are designed to burn wood efficiently and release fewer particulates, resulting in a more efficient and less polluting way of heating. However, with traditional fireplaces, much of the heat is lost through the chimney, making them less efficient as a heating source.

Furthermore, as the wood burns and breaks down, it leaves behind hot embers that radiate heat. The glow of these embers is an example of blackbody radiation, where the emitted light and heat are directly related to their temperature. This radiant energy contributes to the warming effect of a fire.