Which of the following describes the strong nuclear force? A. A strong repelling force between protons and electrons B. A strong attractive force between protons and neutrons C. A strong repelling force between protons and neutrons D. A strong attractive force between neutrons and electrons

Answer:

Option c

Explanation:

Atomic number of helium is 2.

Electronic configuration of He = [tex]1s_2[/tex]

First energy shell of an atom is known as K shell. It has only one sub shell 's sub shell'.

K shell or energy level can accommodate maximum of 2 electrons. Helium has 2 electrons and these two electrons are filled in K shell. So, atom of helium has a full energy level.

Elements having full energy level or eight electrons in their valence shell is stable and therefore chemically inactive or inert.

As outer shell of helium is full, so it is chemically inactive.

Answer:

350 mL

Explanation:

Given:

concentration of stock solution of HCl =6.00 M

Volume of stock solution of HCl = 175 mL

concentration of required solution = 2.00 M

total volume of required solution = to be determined

This is problem of dilution. We have to determine the total volume of required solution to be made, from the given stock solution.

We will use

M₁V₁=M₂V₂

Where

M₁=concentration of stock solution

V₁= volume of stock solution

M₂=concentration of required solution

V₂=volume of required solution

Putting values

6X175=2XV₂

V₂=525 mL

so total volume of required solution formed will be 525 mL

We have already 175 mL of solution in it. The water need is difference of these two volume.

water added = 525-175= 350 mL

Positron emission = emission of a positron and a neutrino when a proton is convert into a neutron. The total number of particles in the nucleus doesn't change, -1 proton +1 neutron

It's a spontaneous reaction for some nucleus.

eg:

Positron = e+

Neutrino=ve

O-15 --> N-15 + e+ +ve

Electron capture= A nucleus absorb an electron while a proton is convert in a neutron and emit a neutrino. The total number of particles in the nucleus doesn't change, -1 proton +1 neutron

eg:

Al-26 +e- --> Mg-26 + ve

Electron capture and positron emission are two mechanisms to explain the decay of some unstable isotopes. Electron capture is usually observed when the energy difference between the initial and final state is low. Mainly because of the larger amount of kinetic energy need for the expulsion two particles with the positron emission mechanism.

sorry i'm late:

16 (how to get answer is shown below on second photo):

When the pressure is decreased from [tex]100.0 kPa[/tex] to [tex]90.0 kPa[/tex] at constant temperature, the volume of the gas in the balloon increases to [tex]3.67 L[/tex].

To solve this problem, we can use Boyle's Law, which states that for a given mass of gas at constant temperature, the volume of the gas is inversely proportional to its pressure. Mathematically, this can be expressed as:

[tex]\[ P_1V_1 = P_2V_2 \][/tex]

where [tex]\( P_1 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( V_1 \)[/tex] are the initial pressure and volume, and [tex]\( P_2 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( V_2 \)[/tex] are the final pressure and volume, respectively.

Given:

Initial volume [tex]\( V_1 = 3.3 \) L[/tex]

Initial pressure [tex]\( P_1 = 100.0 \) kPa[/tex]

Final pressure [tex]\( P_2 = 90.0 \) kPa[/tex]

Temperature is constant

We want to find the final volume [tex]\( V_2 \)[/tex]. Rearranging Boyle's Law to solve for [tex]\( V_2 \)[/tex], we get:

[tex]\[ V_2 = \frac{P_1V_1}{P_2} \][/tex]

Substituting the given values:

[tex]\[ V_2 = \frac{100.0 \text{ kPa} \times 3.3 \text{ L}}{90.0 \text{ kPa}} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ V_2 = \frac{330}{90} \text{ L} \][/tex]

[tex]\[ V_2 = 3.67 \text{ L} \][/tex]

Answer:

A: Chemical

B: Mechanical

C: Heat

D: Light

E: Electrical

Explanation:

A: The energy in food is known as chemical energy. Chemical energy is the energy which is stored in the molecular bonds of the compounds (eg. glucose). Hence, when food is digested, many molecules are broken down to their most basic components.

B: Energy that can be used to "do work" is known as mechanical energy. Mechanical energy is energy (usually kinetic and potential energy) which is used to produce a force to an object, and in this conversion, the object then does work (eg. A body of water being used to push a turbine to create electricity).

C: The kinetic energy in atoms/molecules while vibrating is known as heat. Heat energy can be measured as the temperature of a certain substance, but it is actually the sum of all the kinetic energy of every single molecule/atom

D: The energy given off by the sun which allows us to view our surroundings is known as light energy. Light energy enters our eyes and is converted to an electrical impulse that our brain interprets as colour.

E: When electrons move from atom to atom, this is known as electrical energy. This energy is usually found as a property of metals, where they have a "sea" of localised electrons that can allow for the conduction of electricity  

When 4.86g of butane reacts with excess oxygen, 7.53g of water is produced. This calculation is based on stoichiometry principles and the balanced chemical equation of the reaction.

The subject of this question is Chemistry and it pertains to the reaction of butane (C4H10) with oxygen (O2) to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O). The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is 2C4H10 + 13O2 -> 8CO2 + 10H2O. The mass of water produced can be calculated through stoichiometry, which is the method of calculating the quantitative/weight relations of reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Given the weight of butane is 4.86g, we first need to convert this to moles. The molar mass of butane is calculated by adding the molar masses of Carbon (C=12.01g/mol) x 4 and Hydrogen (H=1.01g/mol) x 10. This equals approximately 58.12g/mol. Therefore, the number of moles of butane we have is 4.86g / 58.12g/mol = 0.0836 moles.

From the balanced equation, we can see that two moles of butane produce ten moles of water. Therefore, 0.0836 moles of butane would produce 0.0836 x 10/2 = 0.418 moles of water. To convert this to mass, we multiply by the molar mass of water, which is 18.01g/mol. Hence, 0.418 moles x 18.01g/mol = 7.53g of water.

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The reaction of 4.86 g of butane with excess oxygen produces approximately 7.53 g of water. This is determined using the molar mass of butane, the balanced chemical equation, and stoichiometry.

The chemical reaction of butane (C₄H₁₀) with oxygen (O₂) to produce carbon dioxide (CO₂) and water (H₂O) is given by the balanced equation 2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ -> 8CO₂ + 10H₂O. In this reaction, 2 moles of butane produce 10 moles of water. The molar mass of butane is 58.12g/mole. Thus, 4.86 g of butane is 4.86 g / 58.12 g/mole = 0.0836 moles.

By stoichiometry, 0.0836 moles of butane would produce 0.0836 moles x (10 moles of water / 2 moles of butane) = 0.418 moles of water. As the molar mass of water is approximately 18.02 g/mole, the mass-produced would be 0.418 moles x 18.02 g/mole = 7.53 g. Thus, 4.86 g of butane reacts with excess oxygen to produce approximately 7.53 g of water.

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Deforestation disrupts the carbon cycle by reducing the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and releasing stored carbon through burning wood and fossil fuels. This contributes to climate change.

Deforestation can cause a disruption to the carbon cycle in several ways. Firstly, trees and plants remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store it in their structure through photosynthesis. When forests are cleared, this process is reduced, leading to increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Additionally, the burning of wood and fossil fuels during deforestation releases stored carbon back into the atmosphere. These disruptions to the carbon cycle contribute to climate change and an imbalance in the Earth's temperature regulation.

Keywords: deforestation, carbon cycle, climate change, carbon dioxide, photosynthesis

The molarity of the solution is determined by dividing the number of moles of solute by the volume of the solution in liters, resulting in a molarity of 13.0 M for the sodium nitrate (NaNO3) solution.

To calculate the molarity of the NaNO3 solution, we will use the formula of molarity, which is the number of moles of solute divided by the volume of the solution in liters. The student has provided that there are 3.25 moles of NaNO3 in 250 mL of solution.

To use the formula, we must convert the volume from milliliters to liters. Since 1000 mL equals 1 L, we divide the volume provided by 1000.

Volume in liters = Volume in mL / 1000 = 250 mL / 1000 = 0.250 L

Now, using the molarity formula:

Molarity (M) = Moles of solute / Volume of solution in liters = 3.25 moles / 0.250 L

M = 13.0 M

An increased ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 in glacial ice indicates warming temperatures as oxygen-18 is a heavier isotope and precipitates less readily in cold conditions.

The ratio of oxygen-18 to oxygen-16 in glacial ice is often used as an indicator of past climatic conditions. When this ratio is increasing, it typically indicates warming temperatures.

This is because oxygen-18 is a heavier isotope that precipitates less readily in cold conditions

Therefore, a higher ratio of oxygen-18 suggests that it was warm enough for more of this heavier isotope to precipitate. So, the correct answer is b. warming temperatures.

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Final answer:

The correct statement is that reacting one mole of oxygen (O2) releases 445 kJ of energy during the exothermic reaction of CH4 with O2.

Explanation:

The correct statement about the reaction CH4 (g) + 2O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + 2H2O(l) ΔH = -890 kJ is that reacting one mole of oxygen (O2) releases 445 kJ of energy. The reaction is exothermic, meaning it releases energy. The ΔH value of -890 kJ means that for every mole of methane (CH4) that reacts, 890 kJ of energy is released. Considering the stoichiometry of the reaction, where 2 moles of oxygen react per mole of methane, half of the total energy release (which is 890 kJ) would be associated with 1 mole of oxygen, thereby releasing 445 kJ.

Answer:

The correct answer is swarm behavior.

Explanation:

Swarming or swarm behavior is a collective behavior demonstrated by entities, mainly the animals of same size that accumulate together, specifically moving in masses or migrating in some direction or milling about the same spot. As a term, swarming is applicable mainly to insects, however, it can also be applied to any other animal or entity, which demonstrates swarm behavior.

DNA contains ribose sugar, and RNA contains deoxyribose sugar instead. Therefore, the correct option is option A.

The complex molecular structures deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) consequently ribonucleic acid (RNA) regulate all genetic traits of cells, and hence of species. DNA, which makes up the genetic material of all free-living species, is the ultimate life-plan. In addition to being the genetic makeup of some viruses, RNA employs DNA to code out the molecular makeup of proteins made in cells.

The two structures differ chemically in a number of ways. The "backbone" of DNA, or deoxyribose, is a sugar, like the acronym deoxyribonucleic acid suggests. The sugar ribose, which is slightly different, is present in ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA contains ribose sugar, and RNA contains deoxyribose sugar instead.

Therefore, the correct option is option A.

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Final answer:

To calculate the total change in mass for the fusion of two deuterium atoms into helium, we use Einstein's equation E = Δmc^2, which results in a mass change of approximately 4.258 × 10^-29 kg.

Explanation:

When two atoms of 2H deuterium fuse to form one atom of 4He helium, the energy evolved is 3.83 × 10^-12 joules. To find the total change in mass (Δm) for this reaction, we use Einstein's equation E = Δmc^2, where E is the energy released, c is the speed of light in a vacuum (approximately 3 × 10^8 m/s), and Δm is the change in mass. By rearranging the equation to Δm = E/c^2 and substituting the given values, we get Δm = (3.83 × 10^-12 joules) / (9 × 10^16 m^2/s^2) which results in a change in mass of approximately 4.258 × 10^-29 kg.

Final answer:

Night-vision goggles use infrared radiation to create visible images in low light or total darkness by detecting the thermal energy emitted by objects, which is more intense in the infrared spectrum.

Explanation:

Night-vision goggles work by detecting infrared radiation when it's dark outside. This technology relies on the thermal energy emitted by objects, which is more intense in the infrared spectrum and is not visible to the human eye. Unlike visible light, infrared radiation can be detected in low-light conditions or even in total darkness, allowing night-vision devices to create a visible image for the user.

Infrared radiation is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Your eyes cannot see infrared radiation, but it can be felt as warmth on the skin. For example, reptiles can detect infrared radiation emitted by their prey, even though it's outside the human visual spectrum. Night-vision technology harnesses this invisible radiation to provide visibility in the absence of light.

The correct answer to the question is therefore D. Infrared radiation.