Answer:
The constant gas in the atmosphere is oxygen
Explanation:
Oxygen is what allows the maintenance of life in this planet, therefore, it is the constant and needed gas in the atmosphere. Ozone is present and should be present in the highest layers of the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is also present in the atmosphere due to the carbon cycle. Nitrogen oxide should not be in the atmosphere. The reason why carbon dioxide, ozone and nitrogen oxide are constantly found in the atmosphere is due to air pollution.
EXPLAIN HOW METAMORPHISM CAN ALTER A ROCK CHEMICALLY AS OPPOSED
TO MINEROLOGICALLLY.
Answer:
The rocks are comprised of cracks and fractures in between the sediments and mineral grains that have the capacity to store fluid in them. This fluid is generally the water that contains various types of dissolved ions. These fluids in the rocks are very much important because the chemical reactions that take place include the change in mineral from one type to another new type. This can highly increase the amount of dissolved ions that are dissolved and transported by the water. This alteration of rock that occurs chemically due to these fluid refers to the process which is commonly known as the metasomatism. Whereas, the rock alters mineralogically due to the increasing temperature and pressure condition, that changes the grade of rocks.
This is how metamorphism alters the rock chemically in comparison to mineralogically.
1) A fold-thrust belt is associated with
Subduction
Continental Rifting
Oceanic Rifting
A transform fault
Answer:
A) Subduction
Explanation:
A) Subduction
Fold and thrust belts are form due to compressional stresses and are formed typically along a convergent plate boundary during continent-continent collision as well as in the sediments of the passive margin of the subducting plate. Subduction is the tectonic process at the covergent margins by which the slabs of oceanic lithosphere descend into mentle.
Why is the Centrifugal Force excluded from the full Equations of Motion?
A. It is the result of an imbalance of forces already included in the equation.
B. Its inclusion leads to imaginary numbers as a result.
C. It applied only to the Northern Hemisphere.
D. It has a value of zero in this frame of reference.
Answer:
Centrifugal force is a force caused due to the inertia of the earth, its directed away from the centre from the axis passing through the coordinates of the rotation. Thus is a result of an imbalance of forces already included in the equation
Explanation:
As it's not a real force its due to the tendency of the objects of the circular path to leave the path in a straight line. As finally, the tangent velocity remains constant hence the path perpendicular to object running from the center. For an equation of motion, uniform acceleration has to be taken place, is described in terms of displacement and velocity the instead the centripetal force keeps the object together, as the centripetal force is guided by gravity and two-body problems apply to the spinning of less angular speeds.what is the ducting play involved in the formation of the volcanoes of the Philippine islands
Answer:
Subducting forces played a crucial role in formation of the islands.
Explanation:
These are known as the formation of Archipelago. Many thousands of islands that constitute the philippine island are an Icelandic arc and volcanic in origin. That is supposed to have been formed after the subduction of plates that collided together such as the Eurasian plate, Philippine Sea, and the Indo Australian plate. Being made up of 7,000 island groups. countries situated around the pacific ring of fire. Consist of 11 small islands while the rest are large islands that cover 90% of the surface area of the philippine plate and Luzon alone covers about 40,541 square miles. The original Icelandic arcs are known to have been colloidal earlier with the Sundaland forming a series of Archipelago. Melting of molten lava in the earth's crust leads to the formation of a series of chains that are seen today as the philippine islands.In which of the below cases would winds be closest to geostrophic balance?
A. In meridional flow at the surface near the Equator.
B. At the surface in the eyewall of a hurricane.
C. In zonal flow at the surface near the Equator.
D. In zonal flow, just above the PBL, near 50°N
Answer:
C. In zonal flow at the surface near the Equator
Explanation:
As these winds have a problem with the Coriolis force that is the rotation of the earth on its axis. Occurring in mid-latitudes aloft the air currents. This balance does not occur near the surface since the friction force is significant. The geostrophic winds develop in a well-defined layer of air i.e either hot or cold. In a geostrophic flow of water bodies instead of the winds moving from high to low pressure, due to the rotation of the earth. The major current sin the ocean like Gulf stream and Kuroshio, and Agulhas current are all approximation and examples of geostrophic current.1. What are the plates that are bounded in part by the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
2. What are the plates bounded in part by the East Pacific Rise.
3. Which plate is totally surrounded by a convergent boundary?
4. Which plate is almost totally surrounded by a spreading or divergent plate boundary?
5. Which plate does not contain significant areas of continental landmasses?
Answer and Explanation:
1. The plates that the Mid-Atlantic Ridge bounds are:
a) African Plate
b) Eurasian Plate
c) North American Plate
d) South American Plate
2. The plates that the East Pacific Rise in part are:
a) Antarctic Plate.
b) North American Plate,
c) Rivera Plate
d) Cocos Plate
e) Nazca Plate
f) Pacific Plate
3. Pacific Plate, arranged underneath the Pacific Ocean, is engaged with the procedure of subduction up and down the limit of the Pacific Ocean bowl, so the Pacific Plate is completely encompassed by a convergent limit.
4. Antarctic Plate is gotten together with plates like Pacific Plate, Indo-Australian Plate, African Plate to its north by a long chain of mid-maritime edges, so the Antarctic Plate is completely encompassed by a divergent plate limit.
5. The plate without significant landmass areas of the continent are:
a) African plate
b) North American plate
c) South American plate
d) Eurasian plate.
How do geologists determine where glaciers may have been in the past? What tools are required? What pieces of evidence are crucial to determine something like the existence of snowball earth?
Answer:
There exists continental ans valley glaciers who ages have determined on the basis of rock types and carbon datings
Explanation:
Glaciers were formed some 34 million years ago, in which first small glaciers were seen in Antarctica and that was 20 million years ago as the glaciers froze on to rocks and southern ice sheets were formed. The snowball earth existed from 2.4 to 2.1 billion years ago, at that time Huronian glaciation i.e oldest ice age was built on earth having unicellular mass. As in the earlier phase, the snowball was completely frozen and 250 million years after the big volcanic activity that spread the carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and created the greenhouse gases. Evidence can be taken from the quaternary period of glaciation some 2.58 million years ago. As the ice sheets have gone through the multiple periods of growth and retreat as in the interglacial period the ice melted and retreated. Roughly about 41,000 million years ago the tilting of axis of the earth had a major effect on the ice sheets around the globe.Why is the Far East considered as a land of contrasts and "untouched" resources? Explain.(please post at least 100 words)
Answer:
Far east is geographical term that refers to east asia including north east asia. Being rich in cultural and geographic realms of these countries have
Explanation:
Far east land is a land of the rising sun the Japanese coast and along with the eastern Siberia and Indonesian islands these lands belong to the variety of biodiverse resources in the world. Plus they have long traced the history of natural resources and abundance and most of these are untraced or undiscovered by man. For example the marina trench its proper depth still unknown to man. Parts of Russia and China and other nearby states have an untouched resource found in underwater reserves that harbor exotic species and possible changes of fresh marine life forms making far east as most of the valuable resource on earth.describe different types of volcanoes, how do they form? can volcanoes change the climate if so how? can volcanic eruptions be predicted why?
Answer:
There are mainly 4 types of volcanoes.
Explanation:
1. Cinder cones: They are a bowl-shaped crater, build from particle or blobs of congealed lava that is ejected from a single gas vent, as the air is broken into small fragments that are solidified and falls as cinders.
2. Composite volcanoes: stratovolcano or composite cone are those that form a steep-sided, symmetrical cone of large dimensions built around by lavas. Some examples are Mount Shasta in California, Mount Hood in Oregon.
3. Lava domes: There internal structure is defined by bulbous masses of lava, that are too vicious.
4. Shield volcanoes: These are built entirely by fluid lava, and flow p[ours in all directions.
A volcano can change its surrounding weather patterns but not the climate of a place as a climatic zone is composed of stable and static atmosphere like that of poles, tropics, and temperate lands, etc.
Not all volcanic eruptions can be predicted successfully as they are also triggered by an earthquake and the active or dominant type of volcano can be identified based on its previous eruption patterns.
With what is foliation most associated with?
A. evaporites
B. micaceous minerals
C. metamorphic rocks
D. shear zones
subduction zone
Answer:
C. metamorphic rock
Explanation:
As foliation in geology refers to the repetitive wearing of metamorphic, each layer s thin as a sheet of paper rocks caused due to the shearing forces in different sections of rocks. Usually occurs in mudrocks, slate, schist, and gneiss. They are oriented to small flakes of clay in slates. Usually y the impact of some physical forces affecting the growth of rocks. Often foliation is lined to diagenetic metamorphism. Igneous rocks get foliated by the crystals in convection by the larger magma chambers due to ultramafic intrusions. Foliation this in general sense ends to curve around ridges such as those of granites having often fine observations on outcrops.5. What objects did Galileo discover with his telescope that clearly didn't go around the Earth?
Answer:
answered
Explanation:
Galileo after discovering and observing the brightest planet of the solar system Venus, and its phases and then observing The moon and the Sun, confirmed that it was the Earth(planets) that revolved around the Sun and not the other way round.
Galileo used "spyglass" a device used to look into distant object and made it closer and larger to our eyes.
3. What happens and what results from an Earth's precession?
Answer:
Explanation:
The earth rotates on its own axis. When the rotational axis of the earth changes, it leads to precession. Earth's precession is a common phenomenon that has been observed by astronomers for a long time. The effect of changing axis of rotation would be the amount of solar radiation that would be received at any point on the earth.
Which of the Jovian planets experiences a dramatic seasonal change?
a. Jupiter
b. Saturn
c. Uranus
d. Neptune
Answer:
A. Jupiter.
Explanation:
As Jupiter has the largest planetary atmosphere its lacks a clear boundary and gradually transitions to the liquid interior of the planet. Having their temperature gradient. The jovian atmosphere has a large range of active phenomena including the band instabilities and anticyclones, and cyclones and storms and lightning. These cyclones are large red, or brown such as the Great red spot of Jupiter. Hence, Jupiter has the most powerful type of storms being accompanied by the convection in the atmosphere as the striking of lightning from the clouds in 10 times more stronger than on earth. Jupiter also consists of upper clouds, located in the low-pressure range are made of ammonia ice. Auroras are a permanent feature of the Jupiter's atmosphere based on the exiting models temperature predictions of the atmosphere are no higher than 400k. Strong jets have been observed at the equator of the by the deep models. Temperature and winds are found to rise from the equator to the poles, thus confined within zones. As a comparison to the anticyclones, the jovian cyclones tend to be small dark and irregular.What would happen to shipping companies if the Gulf Stream stopped?
Answer:
Explanation:
The Gulf Stream can be define as the stream of water originates in the gulf of mexico and stretches to the Florida. It consists of warm water. It provides the protective warm shield of water over the Europe.
If the Gulf stream stopped the environment of the colder polar region will become more severe. This will result in crash of marine diversity along the US east coast. This can result in destruction of the food chains, situations of starvation for population depending upon fish food, and misery.
Question 22 1 pts Vertical mixing only occurs in which sphere? a) Stratosphere b) Troposphere c) Mesosphere d) Exosphere
Answer:
Vertical mixing only occurs in b) Troposphere
Explanation:
The troposphere is the sphere that is characterized by vertical mixing of air masses and air currents. As a result of the turbulence created in top layers of air. Here the uneven heating and cooling of land and oceans create convection currents to rise upwards and create up and downward movement of with environmental lapse rate and averages 6.5 ºC/km. This helps to push the troposphere boundary upward. The planetary boundary of motion creates such type of layer of air that moves through the poles and rising air stop at the tropopause as its the region or zone of mixing of air currents as all convective activity stops here.It is impossible to determine the "absolute" ages of sedimentary rocks because none of the grains in these rocks contain radioactive elements.
true or false?
Answer:
False
Explanation:
The given statement is false,the Aging of sedimentary rocks can be easily done with direct dating of the Volcanic Ash layers. Moreover, sedimentary are layered the older layers are at the bottom and the younger layer are at the top. Although sedimentary rocks do not contain radio active element but their absolute age can be determine by direct dating of the Volcanic Ash layers.
1. Which of the following explains why Earth has seasons?
A. The Earth moves slightly closer towards and further away from the Sun throughout the year
B. The Earth is tilted relative to the ecliptic
C. The Earth is mostly covered in water
Answer:
B. The Earth is tilted relative to the ecliptic
Explanation:
Its due to the earth has an axial tilt of 23.5 degrees which is an inclined motion, relative to the orbital plane of rotation. This is the angle of obliquity of the earth from its center. For this reason, the earth has solstice in summer, winter, vernal and equinoxes and owning to the fact that the continents in the north have winter in the Northern hemisphere and continents in the south have summer. Without this tilt, the earth would have climatic extremes. Day and night time of the earth are also influenced by the same rotational motion.If light travels 1% times faster in air than in water, what is the n of water? Show your work.
Answer:
n=1,0101
Explanation:
considering n as the refractive index, then you can assume that the decrease of the speed, is because of the density of the medium where it's travelling, so we can translate this as :
[tex]n=\frac{c}{v}[/tex]
if your initial speed is C=100%V , then if it's decrease 1%, you have that V=99%.V (final Velocity)
[tex]n=\frac{c}{v}[/tex][tex]n=\frac{100V}{99V}[/tex][tex]n=\frac{100}{99}[/tex][tex]n=1,0101[/tex]I hope it helps you..
An ESP’s efficiency is increased from 96% to 98% total mass removal. What is the percent change in mass of emissions?
Answer:
Percent change in mass = 2.08%.
Explanation:
given data:
initial mass removal is 96%
final mass removal is 985
therefore, percentage removal of mass is
percentage removal of mass is [tex] = (98-96)% = 2%.[/tex]
percentage removal of mass is 2%
Now, Percent change in mass of emissions can be calculated as
Percent change in mass = [tex]\frac{2}{96} \times 100[/tex]
Percent change in mass = 2.08%.
The ratio of brightness of two stars can be determined by a
constant of 2.512 raised to the power of the magnitude difference.
The formula is b1/b2=2.512(m2-m1) where b1 and b2
represent the brightness and m1 and m2 refer to the magnitudes of
the stars being compared. One star has a magnitude (m1) of 1.6, and
another star has a magnitude (m2) of 0.4. What is the ratio of
brightness of these two stars?
Answer: 0.33
Explanation:
The ratio of brightness of two stars is given by:
[tex]\frac{b_1}{b_2}=2.512^{(m_{2}-m_{1})}[/tex]
Where:
[tex]b_1[/tex] is the brightness of star 1
[tex]b_2[/tex] is the brightness of star 2
[tex]m_{1}=1.6[/tex] is the magnitude of star 1
[tex]m_{2}=0.4[/tex] is the magnitude of star 2
[tex]\frac{b_1}{b_2}=2.512^{(0.4-1.6)}[/tex]
[tex]\frac{b_1}{b_2}=2.512^{(-1.2)}[/tex]
Finally:
[tex]\frac{b_1}{b_2}=0.33[/tex] This is the ratio of brightness
Discuss the Shinkansen Railway disaster and its effective management in terms of the Disaster Management Cycle.
Answer and Explanation:
Shinkansen this a bullet train are very high speed trains in Japan. The disaster was nearly saved to occur with legitimate and successful administration. On 11 December, a split was found in a train which was around 14 cm long. It is said that had it been 17 cm, the train could have been crashed and along these lines the calamity didn't happen just by 3 cm.
It was a five hour journey meanwhile a intern who was selling something seen an odd smell and conversed with the conductor about it. At long last it was explored and they additionally saw a bizarre sound at a station while boarding. at the point when the architects explored, they chose to proceed with the voyage saying everything is ordinary. At last the train halted at Nagoya station where the break was watched obviously. It additionally had sensors that could identify it
In spite of the fact that they halted before the break could turn out to be huge, if wrecking had happened, it could have caused gigantic devastation. Till now, the makers asserted that slug trains have zero percent plausibility to confront any mishap however this episode opened the eyes of all.
Consider a sample of water from a stream found to have an initial DO of 10.0 mg/L. It is placed directly into a BOD bottle and incubated for 5 days at 20C. After 5 days, the DO is found to be 5.0 mg/L. What is the BOD5 for this sample (mg/L)?
Answer:
The BOD5 for this sample is 5 mg/L
Explanation:
The BOD5 takes into consideration the difference between the initial DO and the final DO divided by the fraction of the sample tested in a 300 mL BOD flask. The problem states that the sample was directly placed in a BOD bottle so we assume that the volume used was 300 mL of the water sample. The fraction of water is 1 (300/300).
[tex]BOD5=\frac{DOi-DOf}{fraction}[/tex]
BOD5 = (10-5)/1
BOD 5 = 5 mg/L
Why is the earth considered a dynamic planet? What are its three concentric layers and there properties?
Answer:
Yes, earth is a dynamic planet and the three concentric layer are core, mantel and crust.
Explanation:
Earth is a dynamic planet as it changes regularly, and this dynamism is a product of the earth rotation on its axis and a regular flow of energy from the internal to the external surface of the earth. Earth being formed about more than 4.5 billion years ago. The formation has created various layers of within the earth so dynamic that they need to be understood by modelling the earth. Earth is itself a form of geoid and is composed of rare earth and various other life-supporting elements that are not found on other planets to date. Earth's three concentric layers namely Core, Mantle, and Crust are all wrapped around layers of rocks that have transition layers separated by some discontinuity zones. The crust has a composition of lighter silicic rocks, composed of both continental and oceanic rocks of different ages, similarly, the mantel is composed of molten rocks that in their due course of time have solidified to form the upper and lower mantle. There thickness changes with varying depths. The core is made up of rock that has heavy metals like nickel and iron and also divided into the inner and outer core with varying densities of 9900 to 12,200.What are some of the difficulties associated with translating the findings of environmental science into public policy ?
Answer and Explanation:
Some of the fundamental challenges related with deciphering the discoveries of ecological science into open approach are as follows:
1. The discoveries frequently arrives in a language that may be inconceivable to the greater part of the open strategy creators.
2. Connecting the activity/learning hole requires enormous changes of the interfacing components among arrangement and science or rather among science and society all in all.
3. There is an enormous requirement for an extraordinary number of individuals who make science strategies, who reserve science and furthermore do the examination work and discoveries.
Which of the following statements is true?
1.The Middle Ages cover a period included between the end of the Roman Empire and Renaissance (Modern Age)
2.The Middle Ages cover a period included between the beginning of the Byzantine Empire and the Renaissance (Modern Age)
3.The Middle Ages cover a period included between the Romanesque style and the Gothic style
4.The Middle Ages cover a period included between the fall of the Babylonian Empire and the beginning of the Roman Empire
Statements 1 and 3
b.
Statement 1 only
c.
None of these statements are true
d.
All statements are true
Answer:
b) Statement 1 only
Explanation:
The right answer is: b) The Middle Ages cover a period included between the end of the Roman Empire and Renaissance (Modern Age).
The Middle Ages is a historic period that happened during the 5th to 15th centuries. The event that marks its beginning is the fall of the Western Roman Empire.
As all periods of history, the Middle Ages is a consequence to the period before it. Once the Roman Empire fell, power was decentralized and kingdoms emerged all over Europe. This period is also called the "dark ages" because there was a big shift in cultural development influenced by power and religion.
The Middle Ages are divided in three sub-periods: Early Middle Ages, High Middle Ages and Late Middle Ages. During the Late Middle Ages, life began to change again: wars, famine and pandemics stroke, and intellectuals started reacting against the religion impositions. This is how Renaissance emerged.
Renaissance means "reborn", this name represents how mankind turned back to humanism. After centuries of "being in the dark"; classical Greek and Roman philosophy was "reborn". This period was a natural predecesor to the "age of reason", the Enlightenment.
Final answer:
The statement that is true regarding the Middle Ages is that it covers the period between the end of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance, making statement 1 the only correct choice. The Middle Ages spanned from the 5th to the 15th centuries, being a significant period of transition in Western history.
Explanation:
Which of the following statements is true regarding the period the Middle Ages covers? The correct answer is Statement 1 only, which states that the Middle Ages cover a period included between the end of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance (Modern Age). The Middle Ages, or Medieval period, spanned from the 5th until the 15th centuries, initiating with the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and concluded by the onset of the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery. This era is recognized as the middle period in the traditional division of Western history into Classical, Medieval, and Modern periods.
Historically, this timeframe is divided into the Early Middle Ages, the High Middle Ages, and the Late Middle Ages, showing a complex societal transition towards what was later identified by the Renaissance scholars as a reawakening of classical learning and cultural achievements. Therefore, other statements which incorrectly bound the Middle Ages either with architectural styles (Romanesque and Gothic) or incorrect historical periods (the Byzantine Empire's beginning, the fall of the Babylonian Empire) do not accurately describe the true chronological span of the Middle Ages.
A particle called the pi-meson is made from an up quark and an antidown quark. What is the charge of this particle?
The pi-meson, composed of an up quark and an antidown quark, carries an overall electric charge of +1 because the charges of its constituent quarks sum to +1.
Explanation:A pi-meson is composed of an up quark and an antidown quark. Quarks are subatomic particles that each carry a fractional electric charge. Specifically, an up quark carries a charge of +2/3, while an antidown quark - being the antiparticle of a down quark - carries a charge of +1/3.
The total charge of a particle is the sum of the charges of its constituent parts. Therefore, to find the charge of the pi-meson, simply add together the charges of the up quark and the antidown quark.
In the case of the pi-meson (up quark, antidown quark), the total charge is (+2/3) + (+1/3) = +1. Thus, a pi-meson has an electric charge of +1.
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An Fm radio station broadcasts at 85 megahertz(MHz) What is the energy of each photon in Joule? Use h=6.6 x 10 to the 34th Js for the Planckconstant
Final answer:
Each photon from an FM radio station broadcasting at 85 MHz has an energy of approximately 5.61 × 10^-26 joules, calculated using Planck's constant and the frequency of the photon.
Explanation:
To find the energy of a photon in joules from an FM radio station broadcasting at 85 MHz, we can use the equation E = hf, where h is Planck's constant and f is the frequency of the photon. Planck's constant (h) is given as 6.6 × 10-34 joule seconds (Js), and the frequency (f) is 85 MHz, which is 85 × 106 hertz (Hz).
In this case, the energy (E) of each photon can be calculated as follows:
E = (6.6 × 10-34 Js) × (85 × 106 Hz)
E = 5.61 × 10-26 joules
Thus, each photon from an FM radio station broadcasting at 85 MHz has an energy of approximately 5.61 × 10-26 joules.
If a 30 °C air parcel rises from sea level to 3000 meters altitude and cools at the dry adiabatic rate, what will be its temperature at 3000 meters? O 10 °C O-10 °C 20 °C
Answer:
[tex]0^\circ C[/tex]
Explanation:
Dry adiabatic lapse rate is defined as:
[tex]\Gamma = 9.8 ^\circ C/km[/tex]
The air rises 3000 m, that is 3 km.
If it cools [tex]9.8 ^\circ C[/tex] each km its temperature drops approximately [tex]30 ^\circ C[/tex]. From 30 to 0.
Q3: Most of the present-day population of Arizona and the Southwest resides in the:
a. Colorado Plateau.
b. Transition Zone.
c. Southern Rocky Mountains.
d. Southern Basin and Range and Río Grande Rift.
Answer:
a. Colorado Plateau
Explanation:
It is home to a population of 2.1 million, who live in this region, the climate of this place is considered as semi-arid and total precipitation of 250 mm. Since prehistoric times this place is home to the little ice age settlers of 18 century. Similarly, other human activities such as grazing and livestock raising and the country have a good deer population. There has been a 13.24% increase in population since 2010, and the country capital Denver is estimated to be more than 35 lakh people. 81% white people, 20.7% Latin American and others 4% black people. Colorado has large African American communities and neighboring areas. The majority of the religion is Christian about 64%, 44% protestant, and 16% roman and 3% catholic. The economy is mostly dependent on agriculture.QUESTION 6 When a plate of oceanic lithosphere meets a plate whose leading edge is continental lithosphere along a convergent plate boundary, what is the result? A volcanic island arc, like the modern Aleutian Islands in Alaska. A mountain belt, like the modern Himalayas. Earthquakes, but no volcanism, like the modern San Andreas Fault in California. A continental volcanic arc, like the modern Andes. QUESTION 7 10 The magnetic field of Earth in the geologic past is Click Save and Submit to save and submit. Click Save AllA to save all answers
Answer:
1- Option (4)
Explanation:
When two plates, namely the continental and oceanic plate strike one another, then the denser oceanic plate gets subducted below the less dense continental plate. Due to this subduction zone is formed marked by the deep-sea trenches. The subducting plate undergoes partial melting due and the magma eventually rises up towards the surface of the over-riding plate, forming the continental volcanic arcs. For example, the San Andes mountain which is formed due to the collision between the North American and the Pacific plate.
The earth's core is comprised of denser, molten and hard rocks, that constantly move due to the earth's rotation. As a result of this, the continuous motion of liquid iron initiates electric currents, which again, in turn, produces the earth's magnetic fields. The rotational speed of the earth is directly proportional to the strength of the magnetic field.
According to the geological evidence, there occurred about 170 magnetic reversals in the past 75-80 million years. In the preceding Matumaya Magnetic Chron, the North Magnetic Pole was oriented towards the Northern Hemisphere.
At present, the strength of the magnetic field of earth is weakening by about 5%. If it continues at this rate then, it may reach zero within some thousands of years.
At a convergent boundary where oceanic lithosphere meets continental lithosphere, a continental volcanic arc is formed, such as the Andes. This is due to the subduction of the oceanic plate beneath the continental plate, creating magma that forms volcanoes.
Explanation:When a plate of oceanic lithosphere meets a plate whose leading edge is continental lithosphere along a convergent plate boundary, the result is the formation of a continental volcanic arc, similar to the modern Andes in South America. This occurs because the denser oceanic plate subducts beneath the continental plate, leading to melting of the subducted crust and the creation of magma. This magma rises to the surface to form volcanoes along the continental margin. Examples of continental volcanic arcs include the Cascade Range of the Pacific Northwest in addition to the Andes Mountains.