Which of the following is the last step in performing a titration?
a.finding out which pH indicator works
b.determining the concentration of an unknown base
c.finding the number of moles of product produced in a reaction
d.determining the molecular masses of the products in the reaction

The correct answer is option (A). The theoretical yield of hydrogen (H₂) is approximately 1.11 g.

To find the theoretical yield of hydrogen gas (H₂) produced in this reaction, follow these steps:

1. Determine the molar mass of HCl:

- The molar mass of HCl = 1.01 g/mol (for H) + 35.45 g/mol (for Cl) = 36.46 g/mol.

2. Calculate the number of moles of HCl in 40.0 g:

[tex]\text{moles of HCl} = \frac{40.0 \, \text{g}}{36.46 \, \text{g/mol}} = 1.095 \ moles[/tex]

3. Using the stoichiometry of the balanced equation:

For every 2 moles of HCl, 1 mole of H₂ is produced.

Therefore, moles of H₂ produced = [tex]\frac{1.095 \, \text{moles of HCl}}{2} = 0.5475 \ moles \ of \ H_2[/tex].

4. Determine the molar mass of H₂:

- The molar mass of H₂ = 2.016 g/mol.

5. Calculate the theoretical yield of H₂ in grams:

[tex]{mass\ of {H_2}} = 0.5475 \times 2.016 = 1.103824 g[/tex]

6. Round to the nearest gram: - 1.11 g

So, the theoretical yield of hydrogen gas is approximately: A) 1.11 g

The complete question is:

Consider the balanced equation. [tex]2HCl + Mg \rightarrow MgCl_2 + H_2[/tex] if 40.0 g of HCl react with an excess of magnesium metal, what is the theoretical yield of hydrogen?

A) 1.11 g

B) 2.22 g

C) 52.2 g 1

D) 104 g

Answer:

B/ the second option

Explanation:

This is the answer on e2020

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Answer:

b

It's the only one that would oppose to the student

Yes, your answer is correct. Heating an air-filled, sealed can results in stronger and more frequent collisions of air molecules against the wall, leading to an increase in pressure.

When you heat an air-filled, sealed can, the collisions of air molecules against the wall of the can become stronger and more frequent. This is because as the temperature inside the can increases, the air molecules move faster and collide more energetically with the can walls. This increased movement results in a rise in pressure inside the can due to an increased number of collisions and force per collision. This concept is based on the principles of gas pressure and the kinetic molecular theory, which relate temperature, molecular speed, and pressure in a contained gas.

Gas pressure is indeed caused by collisions between gas molecules and the container walls. An increase in temperature causes the molecules to move faster, leading to more collisions with the walls, which translates into an increase in pressure. Furthermore, the concept that gas pressure can be increased by compressing a gas into a smaller volume explains why a canister feels cold when its gas is released: the surrounding air absorbs the energy from the expanding gas.

The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in vacuum is radiation, in gas is convection and in solid is conduction.

There are three modes of heat transfer, they include;

The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in gas is convection. Heat transfer by convection involves that actual movement of the particles of the fluid. The average distance between gas molecules are large which enables fast and easy transfer of heat through the movement of the molecules.

The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in vacuum is radiation. Heat transfer by radiation does not require material medium. Vacuum is the best medium for heat transfer by radiation.

The method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in solid is conduction. Heat transfer by conduction involves the vibration of the solid particle about their mean position.

Thus, we can conclude that the method of heat transfer that will be the fastest in vacuum is radiation, in gas is convection and in solid is conduction.

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Answer:

6 hope this helps

If 23 g of sodium reacts completely with 71 g of chlorine, the limiting reactant is determined, and approximately 59 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) can be produced.

1. Calculate the moles of each reactant:

Sodium: 23 g / 23 g/mol = 1 mol

Chlorine: 71 g / (2 * 35.5 g/mol) = 1 mol

2. Determine the limiting reactant:

In this case, both sodium and chlorine have the same number of moles (1 mol each). Therefore, neither is technically "limiting" the reaction. However, for calculating the theoretical yield (maximum amount of product), we need to consider that one reactant might be completely consumed before the other.

3. Calculate the grams of product based on the limiting reactant (assuming complete consumption of one reactant):

Since both reactants have the same amount, choosing either sodium or chlorine as the limiting reactant will give the same result. Let's assume sodium is completely consumed.

NaCl produced: 1 mol Na x (1 mol NaCl / 1 mol Na) x (23 g NaCl/mol + 35.5 g NaCl/mol) = 58.5 g NaCl

4. Round the answer to the nearest gram:

58.5 g rounded to the nearest gram is 59 g.

Therefore, if 23 g of sodium reacts completely with 71 g of chlorine, we can expect around 59 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) to be produced.

If 23 g of sodium reacts with 71 g of chlorine, based on stoichiometry and the limiting reagent principle, 94 grams of sodium chloride would be the expected product, rounded to the nearest gram.

If 23 g of sodium reacts completely with 71 g of chlorine, the amount of product formed can be determined using stoichiometry based on the balanced chemical equation 2 Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2 NaCl(s).

Based on the molar mass of the reactants and products, we can conclude that 45.98 amu of sodium will react with 70.90 amu of chlorine to produce 275.9 amu of sodium chloride. Converting these amounts to grams, we find that every 22.99 g of sodium reacts with 35.45 g of chlorine to produce 58.45 g of sodium chloride (NaCl).

Given the ratio of sodium to chlorine to sodium chloride is 1:1.545:2.54 in terms of grams, we can calculate that 23 g of sodium will react with 35.54 g (23 g × 1.545) of chlorine to produce a total of 58.54 g (23 g × 2.54) of sodium chloride. Since the question states that we have 71 g of chlorine, sodium is the limiting reagent, and therefore the maximum yield of NaCl will be based on the amount of sodium.

Thus, if 23 g of sodium reacts completely with 71 g of chlorine, 94 grams of sodium chloride (NaCl) would be the expected rounded product to the nearest gram.

Hello!

If 3 grams of reactants were consumed, then C) 3 grams of rust must be produced.

There are two possible chemical reactions between iron and oxygen to form rust:

These two chemical reactions obey the Law of Conservation of Matter, which states that matter is conserved in a chemical reaction.

So, if there are 3 grams of reactants initially, and they react completely, then 3 grams of rust (either Ferrous Oxide or Ferric Oxide) must be produced for the reaction to obey the Law of Conservation of Matter.

Have a nice day!

Answer:

3.3 atm

Explanation:

This is a simple application of Dalton's law of partial pressure which state that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gas is the sum of the individual partial pressure of the component gases.

[tex]P_{total} = P_1 + P_2 + ........ + P_n[/tex]

Hence, the total pressure of the gas mixture becomes:

[tex]P_{total} = P_{methane} + P_{hydrogen} + ........ + P_{nitrogen}[/tex]

                         = 1 + 1.2 + 1.1

                                 = 3.3 atm

The total pressure of the mixture is 3.3 atm

Answer:

C. Nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S)

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, we could differentiate the nonmetals from the metals by understanding they do not have or have very tiny values of properties such as bright, hardness, electric conductivity, heat conductivity and others. Moreover, they are allocated at the right of the periodic table. In such a way, since nitrogen tends to be a gas and sulfur a yellowish powder, they are classified as nonmetals whereas, lithium, barium, palladium, zinc, beryllium and magnesium are considered as metals as they have the aforementioned properties.

Best regards.

We can see here that the nonmetals among the options provided are:

C. Nitrogen (N) and Sulfur (S)

Nonmetals are a group of elements found on the right side of the periodic table. They are characterized by their properties, which are distinct from those of metals.

Nonmetals generally have properties such as being poor conductors of heat and electricity, having lower melting and boiling points, and being more brittle compared to metals. Nitrogen and sulfur are both nonmetals, whereas the other elements listed in the options (lithium, barium, palladium, zinc, beryllium, and magnesium) are metals or metal-like elements.

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Final answer:

The balanced equation for the thermal dehydration of barium chloride is [tex]\[ BaCl_2 \cdot 2H_2O \xrightarrow[\text{}]{\text{Heat}} BaCl_2 + 2H_2O \uparrow \][/tex]

Explanation:

The thermal dehydration of barium chloride (BaCl₂) involves the removal of water molecules from its hydrated form. Barium chloride commonly exists as a dihydrate, BaCl₂·2H₂O. The balanced chemical equation for the thermal dehydration of barium chloride dihydrate is:

[tex]\[ BaCl_2 \cdot 2H_2O \xrightarrow[\text{}]{\text{Heat}} BaCl_2 + 2H_2O \uparrow \][/tex]

In this equation, the dihydrate on the left side loses two water molecules upon heating, producing anhydrous barium chloride (BaCl₂) and releasing water vapor. The upward arrow indicates the release of water in the form of steam or water vapor.

This process is a common example of thermal decomposition reactions, where a substance breaks down into simpler components upon exposure to heat. Understanding such reactions is crucial in various chemical and industrial processes, providing insights into the behavior of compounds under specific conditions.

The Ka and Kb reactions for the HSO3- ion in water, acting as an acid and base respectively, are: 1) Ka Reaction: HSO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + SO3 2-(aq), 2) Kb Reaction: HSO3-(aq) + H2O(l) → OH-(aq) + H2SO3(aq).

The HSO3- ion is amphoteric, meaning it can act as both an acid and a base. The ka and kb reactions for this ion in water would be as follows:

In the Ka reaction, the bisulfite ion (HSO3-) donates a hydrogen ion (H+) to water, thereby acting as an acid. The resultant ions are hydronium (H3O+) and sulfite (SO3 2-).

In the Kb reaction, the bisulfite ion (HSO3-) accepts a hydrogen ion (H+) from water, thus acting as a base. The resulting species are hydroxide ion (OH-) and sulfurous acid (H2SO3).

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The balanced reactions for [tex]HSO_{3}^{-}[/tex]⁻ in water are [tex]HSO_{3}[/tex](aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]SO^{2-} _{3}[/tex]⁻(aq) + H₃O⁺(aq) for its Ka, and [tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]⁻(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex](aq) + OH⁻(aq) for its [tex]k_{b}[/tex]. The equilibrium constant expressions for these reactions are written accordingly. This demonstrates [tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex] acting both as an acid and a base.

When  (hydrogen sulfite ion) behaves as an acid in water, it donates a proton (H⁺) to form [tex]SO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex]and H₃O⁺. The balanced equation for this equilibrium reaction is:

[tex]HSO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex](aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]SO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex](aq) + H₃O⁺(aq)

The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction ([tex]k_{a}[/tex]) can be written as:

[tex]k_{a}[/tex] = [[tex]SO_{3} ^{2-}[/tex]⁻][H₃O⁺] / [[tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]]

When [tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex] behaves as a base, it accepts a proton (H⁺) from water to form [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] and OH⁻. The balanced equation for this equilibrium reaction is:

[tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex](aq) + H₂O(l) ⇌ [tex]H_{2} SO_{3}[/tex] (aq) + OH⁻(aq)

The equilibrium constant expression for this reaction ([tex]k_{b}[/tex]) can be written as:

Kb = [[tex]H_{2}SO_{3}[/tex]][[tex]OH_{-}[/tex]] / [[tex]HSO_{3} ^{-}[/tex]]

Elements with similar properties are located in the same column of the periodic table, as these elements have the same number of valence electrons, which determine their chemical properties.

Elements with similar properties are found in the same column of the periodic table. This is due to the fact that elements in the same column (also known as a group) have the same number of electrons in their outermost energy level, also known as valance electrons. These valance electrons determine an element's chemical properties. For example, Group 18 elements, or noble gases, all have a complete set of electrons in their outermost shell, making them extremely stable and unreactive.

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Final answer:

The water has a Ka value, more precisely referred to as ionization constant (Kw), of 1.0 × 10^-14 at 25 °C.

Explanation:

The water has a Ka value that is actually known as the ionization constant for water, Kw. The Ka value is a specific term generally used for the acid dissociation constant of substances other than water. For water at 25 °C, the product of the concentrations of the hydrogen ions ([H3O+]) and the hydroxide ions ([OH-]) is 1.0 × 10^-14, so Kw is 1.0 × 10^-14. This means that in pure water, or in a neutral aqueous solution, the concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions are both 1.0 × 10^-7 M. Therefore, the correct answer to the question 'water has a Ka value of what?' is 1 × 10^-14.

When the balanced equation for this reaction is:

2Fe + 3H2O → Fe2O3 + 3H2

and according to the formula for vapor pressure:

PV = nRT

when we have P is the vapor pressure H2O = 0.121 atm

and V is the volume of H2O = 4.5 L

and T in Kelvin = 52.5 +273 = 325.5 K

R = 0.08205 atm-L / g mol-K

So we can get H2O

So, with substitution:

n H2O = PV / RT

= (0.121 * 4.5) / (0.08205 * 325.5) = 0.02038 g/mol

n Fe2O3 = 0.02038 * (1Fe2O3 / 3H2O) = 0.00679 g/mol

Note: we get the ratio (1FeO3 / 3H2O) of the balanced equation.

we can get Fe2O3 Mass from this formula:

Mass = number of moles * molecular weight

we have a molecular weight of Fe2O3 = 159.7

= 0.00679 * 159.7 = 1,084 g

So, 1,084 grams will produce Fe2O3

The chemical reaction in the event of chemical change from substances that react (reactants) into substances that result from reactions (products). In chemical reactions, new substances are always produced with new properties. Chemical reactions are written using the element symbol. Let's look at how to express a reaction using symbols.

Material conservation law states that in ordinary chemical reactions no material is lost even though it might change. The number of atoms in reagents must remain the same as those produced, however, they change to form new molecular patterns. If an equation fulfills the conditions, it can be said that the equation is balanced.

Characteristics of Chemical Reactions

When a chemical reaction occurs, there are changes that we can observe. Consider the following characteristics of a chemical reaction.

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Grade: High School

Subject: Chemistry

keywords: The chemical reaction

Answer:  It increased the number of molecular collisions.

Justification:

The collision theory states the reaction is the result of the collisions between the particles (atoms, ions, or molecules).

The increase of the temperature as solid is added is the result of the reaction of solid X when it is placed into the solution.

Since, the main postulate of the collision theory is that the particles have to collide to react, the amount of particles is a decisive factor of the reaction rate. The raise of the temperature when the solid is added is an evidence of this postulate: more particles → more collisions → more reactions → increase in temperature.

Answer:

1) Conservation of Matter states that the reactants have to equal the products.

2) Products and reactants in a balanced chemical reaction have the same number of atoms of each element.

3) Three (3) atoms of carbon would need to be represented.

Explanation:Number of atoms on the left and on the right side of the balanced chemical reaction is the same, for example: Mg + 2HCl → H₂ + MgCl₂. There are two hydrogen atoms, two chlorine atoms and one magnesium atom on both side of chemical reaction.

1. Conservation of Matter states that the reactants have to equal the products.

2. Products and reactants in a balanced chemical reaction have the same number of atoms of each element.

3. If the equation on the board had shown 3 atoms of carbon on the reactants side, then there would need to be 3 atoms of carbon on the products side.

Conservation of Matter is a law of science that states that matter cannot be created or destroyed. This means that the total mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction must equal the total mass of the products.

Atoms are the basic unit of matter. A molecule is a group of atoms that are bonded together.

In a balanced chemical equation, the number of atoms of each element is the same on the reactant side and the product side. This is because the law of conservation of matter must be obeyed.

So, if the equation on the board had shown 3 atoms of carbon on the reactants side, then there would need to be 3 atoms of carbon on the products side in order for the equation to be balanced.

Here is an example of a balanced chemical equation:

2 H₂ + O₂ → 2 H₂O

In this equation, there are 2 hydrogen atoms on the reactant side and 2 hydrogen atoms on the product side. There is also 1 oxygen atom on the reactant side and 1 oxygen atom on the product side. This is a balanced equation because the law of conservation of matter is obeyed.

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