Answer:
The amount of ionization in solution.
Explanation:
Strong acids ionize fully in solution to release a large number of hydrogen ions responsible for the acidic properties. On the contrary weak acids ionize partially in solution.
In strong acids less energy is required to break the hydrogen- anion bonds.
Answer:
the amount of ionization that occurs in solution
Explanation:
An acid is a substance that interacts with water to produce excess hydroxonium ions, H₃0⁺ in an aqueous solution.
The ionization of acids in solution determines the strength of the acid.
A strong acid is one that ionizes almost completely in solutions and a weak acid is one that ionizes slightly and sets up an equilibrium.
HCl + H₂0 → H₃0⁺ + Cl⁻ this is the ionization of strong acid
CH₃COOH + H₂O ⇄ H₃0⁺ + CH₃COO⁻ ionization of a weak acid
A NiCd battery uses nickel and cadmium to produce a potential difference. Using these equations, answer the following questions. I. 2NiO(OH) (s) + 2H 2O (l) + 2 e - → 2Ni(OH) 2 (s) + 2 OH¯ (aq) II. Cd (s) + 2OH¯ (aq) → Cd(OH) 2 (s) + 2e¯ III. Cd (s) + 2NiO(OH) (s) + 2 H 2O (l) → 2 Ni(OH) 2 (s) + Cd(OH) 2 (s) Which equation represents the whole chemical reaction within the galvanic cell? I II III I and II
Answer : The correct chemical reaction within the galvanic cell is,
(3) [tex]Cd(s)+2NiO(OH)(s)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2Ni(OH)_2(s)+Cd(OH)_2(s)[/tex]
Explanation :
Galvanic cell : It is defined as a device which is used for the conversion of the chemical energy produces in a redox reaction into the electrical energy. It is also known as the electrochemical cell.
The redox reaction occurs between the nickel and cadmium.
In the galvanic cell, the oxidation occurs at an anode which is a negative electrode and the reduction occurs at the cathode which is a positive electrode.
The balanced two-half reactions will be,
Oxidation half reaction : [tex]Cd(s)+2OH^-(aq)\rightarrow Cd(OH)_2(aq)+2e^-[/tex]
Reduction half reaction : [tex]NiO(OH)(aq)+H_2O(l)+e^-\rightarrow Ni(OH)_2(aq)+OH^-(aq)[/tex]
Thus the overall reaction will be,
[tex]Cd(s)+2NiO(OH)(s)+2H_2O(l)\rightarrow 2Ni(OH)_2(s)+Cd(OH)_2(s)[/tex]
Using the phase diagram for CO2, what phase is carbon dioxide in at -60C and 1 atm pressure? A. Solid B. Gas C. At the melting point D. Liquid
Answer:
B. Gas.
Explanation:
Kindly, see the attached image of CO₂ phase diagram.Extrapolating the T from - 60.0°C and P from 1.0 atm, you will find that CO₂ is in the gas phase.So, the right choice is: B. Gas.Using the phase diagram for CO2, at -60°C and 1 atm pressure, carbon dioxide is in the solid phase. This phase is also known as dry ice.
Explanation:I understand you're asking about the phase of CO2 at specific conditions using a phase diagram. A phase diagram is a graphical representation of the state of a substance at different temperatures and pressures. In the case of CO2 at -60°C and 1 atm pressure, we refer to its phase diagram. According to the CO2 phase diagram, at -60°C and 1 atm pressure, CO2 is in the solid phase, so the correct answer is A. Solid. This phase of CO2 is also known as dry ice.
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Determination of the tertiary structure of a membrane protein finds that the outer surface is composed primarily of hydrophobic residues. Which conclusion is most likely from this observation?
Answer:
The hydrophobic residues functions as a binding agent for the protein to the membrane
Explanation:
The membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that consists primarily of fatty acetyl groups. The protein has hydrophobic side chains that interacts with those fatty acetyl groups, forming a bond that will basically have the the protein anchored to the phospholipid bilayer membrane.
What is the maximum number of electrons that can be contained in the first level
Your answer is:
The first level (or shell) can hold up to 2 electrons.
Hope this helps! C:
A 0.8870 g sample of a mixture of NaCl and KCl is dissolved in water, and the solution is then treated with an excess of AgNO3 to yield 2.142 g of AgCl. Calculate the percent by mass of each compound in the mixture
Answer : The percent by mass of NaCl and KCl are, 92.22 % and 7.78 % respectively.
Explanation :
As we know that when a mixture of NaCl and KCl react with excess [tex]AgNO_3[/tex] then the silver ion react with the chloride ion in both NaCl and KCl to form silver chloride.
Let the mass of NaCl be, 'x' grams and the mass of KCl will be, (0.8870 - x) grams.
The molar mass of NaCl and KCl are, 58.5 and 74.5 g/mole respectively.
First we have to calculate the moles of NaCl and KCl.
[tex]\text{Moles of }NaCl=\frac{\text{Mass of }NaCl}{\text{Molar mass of }NaCl}=\frac{xg}{58.5g/mole}=\frac{x}{58.5}moles[/tex]
[tex]\text{Moles of }KCl=\frac{\text{Mass of }KCl}{\text{Molar mass of }KCl}=\frac{(0.8870-x)g}{74.5g/mole}=\frac{(0.8870-x)}{74.5}moles[/tex]
As, each mole of NaCl and KCl gives one mole of chloride ions.
So, moles of chloride ions in NaCl = [tex]\frac{x}{58.5}moles[/tex]
Moles of chloride ions in KCl = [tex]\frac{(0.8870-x)}{74.5}moles[/tex]
The total moles of chloride ions = [tex]\frac{x}{58.5}moles+\frac{(0.8870-x)}{74.5}moles[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the moles of AgCl.
As we know that, this amount of chloride ion is same as the amount chloride ion present in the AgCl precipitate. That means,
Moles of AgCl = Moles of chloride ion = [tex]\frac{x}{58.5}moles+\frac{(0.8870-x)}{74.5}moles[/tex]
Now we have to calculate the moles of AgCl.
The molar mass of AgCl = 143.32 g/mole
[tex]\text{Moles of }AgCl=\frac{\text{Mass of }AgCl}{\text{Molar mass of }AgCl}=\frac{2.142g}{143.32g/mole}=0.0149moles[/tex]
Now we have to determine the value of 'x'.
Moles of AgCl = [tex]\frac{x}{58.5}moles+\frac{(0.8870-x)}{74.5}moles[/tex]
0.0149 mole = [tex]\frac{x}{58.5}moles+\frac{(0.8870-x)}{74.5}moles[/tex]
By solving the term, we get the value of 'x'.
[tex]x=0.818g[/tex]
The mass of NaCl = x = 0.818 g
The mass of KCl = (0.8870 - x) = 0.8870 - 0.818 = 0.069 g
Now we have to calculate the mass percent of NaCl and KCl.
[tex]\text{Mass percent of }NaCl=\frac{\text{Mass of }NaCl}{\text{Total mass of mixture}}\times 100=\frac{0.818g}{0.8870g}\times 100=92.22\%[/tex]
[tex]\text{Mass percent of }KCl=\frac{\text{Mass of }KCl}{\text{Total mass of mixture}}\times 100=\frac{0.069g}{0.8870g}\times 100=7.78\%[/tex]
Therefore, the percent by mass of NaCl and KCl are, 92.22 % and 7.78 % respectively.
The percentages of NaCl and KCl in the chemical mixture are 97.97% and 125.53% respectively, but these percentages raise issues with the experimental results as KCl exceeds 100%. Conversion from grams to moles and vice versa is essential in this calculation.
Explanation:To answer your question, let's start by figuring out the amount of NaCl and KCl in the mixture. When mixed with AgNO3, both these compounds yield AgCl. The given mass of AgCl is 2.142 g, which we can convert into moles using its molar mass (143.32 g/mol), yielding 0.0149 mol of AgCl.
The molar amounts of NaCl and KCl in the original mixture are also equal to this value because each NaCl or KCl molecule yields one AgCl molecule. Now, let's convert these molar amounts back into grams using the molar masses of NaCl (58.44 g/mol) and KCl (74.56 g/mol), yielding 0.869 g of NaCl and 1.113 g of KCl.
However, these do not add up to the original sample weight (0.887g). This can be due to experimental errors or purity issues. Nevertheless, to calculate the percentage mass of each compound in the mixture, you can use the formula: (observed mass / total mass) * 100%, hence, the percentages are: (0.869 g / 0.8870 g) * 100% = 97.97% NaCl and (1.113 g / 0.8870 g) * 100% = 125.53% KCl.
Yet, these results seem incorrect due to the KCl percentage being higher than 100%, suggesting a need for a re-check of experimental results or re-calculation.
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Of the following elements, which could be classified as a metalloid (semimetal)? Select all that apply.
(A) Mg
(B) Ti
(C) Ge
(D) Si
(E) Rn
(F) Au
(G) Bi
(H) At
(I) Br
(J) B
(K) Eu
Answer:
(C) Ge
(D) Si
(H) At
(J) B
Hope this helps!
A scientist has isolated a fatty acid that has 26 carbons bonded together. All of the carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds. The only other elements in the compound are hydrogen and oxygen. Based on this information, the compound is a (an) ________ fatty acid.
Answer:
Saturated
Explanation:
A fatty acid is a derivative of alkanoic acids containing the carbonyl group. Many of the higher carboxylic acids are obtained from natural fats and oils.
A saturated fatty acid has no double bond in the hydrocarbon chains. Unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds in the hydrocarbon chains.
Final answer:
The compound isolated by the scientist, which has 26 carbon atoms connected by single bonds, is identified as a saturated fatty acid.
Explanation:
Based on the information given, the compound isolated by the scientist is a saturated fatty acid. The fact that the 26 carbon atoms in the chain are connected by single bonds, and there are no double bonds present, is the key characteristic that defines it as a saturated fatty acid. In these types of compounds, each carbon atom in the hydrocarbon chain is bonded to as many hydrogen atoms as possible, which means that adjacent carbon atoms share only single bonds. As a result, they contain a maximum number of hydrogen atoms, and no carbon-to-carbon double bonds exist within the fatty acid chain. An example of a common saturated fatty acid is stearic acid.
A forensic chemist is given a white powder for analysis. She dissolves 0.50 g of the substance in 8.0 g of benzene. The solution freezes at 3.9°C. Can the chemist conclude that the compound is cocaine (C17H21N04)? What assumptions are made in the analysis? The freezing point of benzene is 5.5°C.
Final answer:
The molar mass of the solute is 1.6 g/mol. However, the identity of the compound cannot be concluded based solely on this information. Further analysis and testing are required.
Explanation:
The freezing point of a solution is lowered by the addition of a solute. In this question, the freezing point depression constant of benzene is given as 5.12 K kg/mol. We are given that the freezing point of pure benzene is 5.5 °C and that the freezing point of the solution with the solute is 3.9 °C. By using the formula for freezing point depression, we can calculate the molar mass of the solute as follows:
ΔTf = Kf * m
where ΔTf is the change in freezing point, Kf is the freezing point depression constant, and m is the molality of the solution.
Given that ΔTf = 5.5 °C - 3.9°C = 1.6 °C and that the molality is calculated by dividing the moles of solute by the mass of the solvent (benzene), we can rearrange the formula to find the molar mass of the solute:
m = ΔTf / Kf
m = 1.6 °C / 5.12 K kg/mol = 0.3125 mol/kg
To find the molar mass, we can use the equation:
molar mass = (mass of solute) / (moles of solute)
Given that the mass of solute is 0.50 g and we have calculated the molality of the solute as 0.3125 mol/kg, we can calculate the molar mass as follows:
molar mass = (0.50 g) / (0.3125 mol/kg) = 1.6 g/mol
Therefore, the molar mass of the solute is 1.6 g/mol. However, we cannot conclude that the compound is cocaine (C17H21N04) based solely on this information. To determine the identity of the compound, further analysis and testing are required.
The calculated molar mass of the solute is 200 g/mol, indicating it may not be cocaine (C17H21NO4), which has a molar mass of approximately 303.35 g/mol.
The chemist cannot conclusively conclude that the compound is cocaine (C17H21NO4) based solely on the freezing point depression observed. To determine if the substance is cocaine, further analysis would be required. However, the freezing point depression can provide some information about the molecular weight of the solute.
The freezing point depression, [tex]\(\Delta T_f\)[/tex], is given by the equation:
[tex]\[\Delta T_f = i \cdot K_f \cdot m\][/tex]
where:
- [tex]\(i\)[/tex] is the van't Hoff factor, which is the number of moles of solute particles per mole of solute (for non-electrolytes, [tex]\(i = 1\)[/tex]).
- [tex]\(K_f\)[/tex] is the cryoscopic constant for the solvent (for benzene, [tex]\(K_f = 5.12\)[/tex] °C·kg/mol).
- [tex]\(m\)[/tex] is the molality of the solution, which is the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.
First, we calculate the freezing point depression:
[tex]\[\Delta T_f = T_{f, \text{pure}} - T_{f, \text{solution}} = 5.5^\circ C - 3.9^\circ C = 1.6^\circ C\][/tex]
Next, we calculate the molality of the solution. Assuming the substance is a non-electrolyte (which may not be true for cocaine, as it can ionize), the van't Hoff factor [tex]\(i\)[/tex] would be 1. The mass of the benzene solvent is 8.0 g, which is 0.0080 kg. We have 0.50 g of the solute, but we need to know its molar mass to find the molality.
Let's assume the molar mass of the solute is [tex]\(M\)[/tex] g/mol. The number of moles of the solute is:
[tex]\[\text{moles of solute} = \frac{\text{mass of solute}}{\text{molar mass of solute}} = \frac{0.50 \text{ g}}{M \text{ g/mol}}\][/tex]
The molality [tex]\(m\)[/tex] is:
[tex]\[m = \frac{\text{moles of solute}}{\text{mass of solvent in kg}} = \frac{0.50 \text{ g}/M \text{ g/mol}}{0.0080 \text{ kg}}\][/tex]
Now we can use the freezing point depression equation to solve for[tex]\(M\)[/tex]:
[tex]\[1.6^\circ C = 1 \cdot 5.12 \cdot \frac{0.50/M}{0.0080}\] \[M = \frac{1 \cdot 5.12 \cdot 0.50}{1.6 \cdot 0.0080}\] \[M = \frac{2.56}{0.0128}\] \[M = 200 \text{ g/mol}\][/tex]
The calculated molar mass of the solute is 200 g/mol, which is close to the molar mass of cocaine (C17H21NO4), which is approximately 303.35 g/mol. However, the calculated molar mass is significantly lower than that of cocaine, suggesting that the substance may not be cocaine or that the solute has a higher molar mass than calculated due to ionization (if it is an electrolyte).
Assumptions made in this analysis include:
1. The solute is a non-electrolyte, which means it does not dissociate into ions in solution. If the solute is an electrolyte, the van't Hoff factor [tex]\(i\)[/tex]would be greater than 1, affecting the calculation of the molar mass.
2. The cryoscopic constant for benzene is accurate and applicable under the conditions of the experiment.
3. The freezing point of the pure solvent (benzene) is accurately known and measured.
4. The solution is ideal, meaning intermolecular forces between solvent and solute molecules are similar to those between solvent molecules themselves.
5. There are no other impurities in the solvent or solute that could affect the freezing point.
Given the discrepancy between the calculated molar mass and the known molar mass of cocaine, additional analytical techniques such as mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy, or nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy would be necessary to confirm the identity of the white powder as cocaine.
Triglycerides look like the letter "E" because they contain the following components
a. Four fatty acid chains, a glycerol and a phosphate group
b. Two fatty acid chains, a simple sugar and a nitrogenous base
c. Three fatty acid chains and a 'backbone' of glycerol
d. Three 6-carbon rings attached to one 5-carbon ring ("3 bedrooms and a bath")
Answer:
c. Three fatty acid chains and a 'backbone' of glycerol
Explanation:
A triglyceride is ester which is derived from glycerol and three (may be different or same) fatty acids. The name is thus derived as tri ( 3 fatty acids) - and glyceride (glycerol backbone). Triglycerides are main constituents of the body fat in human body and other vertebrates.
Triglycerides are the tri-esters which consist of glycerol attached to 3 molecules of fatty acid. Alcohols consists of hydroxyl group. Organic acids consists of carboxyl group. Alcohols and organic acids join to form esters. The molecule of glycerol has 3 hydroxyl groups which are bonded to three fatty acid molecules via ester bonds.
An NaOH solution contains 3.6 mol of NaOH, and its concentration is 0.804 M. What is its volume?
Select one:
a. 4.48
b. 2.89
c. 179
d. 116.01
Answer:
A. 4.48
Explanation:
3.6/0.804 = 4.48
Answer:
a. 4.48 L is the Answer
Explanation:
Molarity (M), Molality (m), Normality (N), Mass %, Parts per million(ppm), billion(ppb), thousands(ppt) are some of the terms we use to represent the concentration of the solution that is to represent the amount of solute present in a solvent.
Molarity is moles of solute present in 1L of the solution. The formula to find Molarity is
[tex]Molarity = \frac {(moles solute)}{(volume of solution in L)}[/tex] and its unit is mol/L
Rearranging the formula
We get
Moles = Molarity × Volume
or
[tex]volume= \frac {moles}{Molarity}[/tex]
Plugging in the values
[tex]volume=\frac {3.6mol}{0.804M}[/tex]
[tex]=\frac {3.6mol}{(0.804 mol/L)}=4.48 L[/tex]
(Answer)
How many moles of aluminum will be required to produce 0.45 moles of copper metal?
Answer:
0.3 moles of aluminum
Explanation:
The reaction of Aluminium with copper sulfate reacts to give aluminium sulfate and copper metal ,
The balanced chemical reaction is as follows -
2Al + 2 CuSO4 ----> Al2(SO4)3 + 3CuFrom the above balanced equation ,considering the stoichiometry , 3 mole of Copper is produced , by using 2 moles of Aluminium,using unitary method ,hence, 1 mole of copper is produced , by using 2/3 moles of Aluminum ,(from the question , 0.45 moles of copper )Therefore , 0.45 mole of copper is produced , by using 2/3 * 0.45 mole Aluminium,Solving, 2/3 * 0.45 mole = 0.3 molHence, 0.3 moles of aluminum will be required to produce, 0.45 moles of copper metal.To produce 0.45 moles of copper metal, 0.30 moles of aluminum are required.
To determine how many moles of aluminum (Al) are needed to produce 0.45 moles of copper (Cu) metal, we need to refer to the balanced chemical reaction between aluminum and copper (II) chloride (CuCl₂).
The balanced equation is:
2 Al + 3 CuCl₂ → 2 AlCl₃ + 3 Cu
This means that 2 moles of aluminum produce 3 moles of copper. We can set up a ratio to find out how many moles of aluminum are needed to produce 0.45 moles of copper:
(2 moles Al / 3 moles Cu) = (x moles Al / 0.45 moles Cu)
Solving for x,
x = (2/3) x 0.45 = 0.30 moles of Al
Therefore, 0.30 moles of aluminum will be required to produce 0.45 moles of copper metal.
A sample of an ideal gas at 1.00 atm1.00 atm and a volume of 1.81 L1.81 L was placed in a weighted balloon and dropped into the ocean. As the sample descended, the water pressure compressed the balloon and reduced its volume. When the pressure had increased to 40.0 atm,40.0 atm, what was the volume of the sample? Assume that the temperature was held constant.
By applying Boyle's Law to the given conditions, the volume of the ideal gas compresses to 0.04525 L when the pressure increases to 40.0 atm, assuming constant temperature.
Explanation:The problem involves calculating the volume of a sample of ideal gas under constant temperature when the pressure changes. This scenario is perfectly described by Boyle's Law, which states that the product of the initial pressure and volume is equal to the product of the final pressure and volume, given by the formula P1V1 = P2V2, where P is pressure and V is volume. In this problem, the initial pressure (P1) is 1.00 atm, the initial volume (V1) is 1.81 L, and the final pressure (P2) is 40.0 atm. Our goal is to find the final volume (V2).
Applying Boyle's Law:
1.00 atm × 1.81 L = 40.0 atm × V2
To find V2, we rearrange the formula to solve for V2:
V2 = (1.00 atm × 1.81 L) / 40.0 atm
This gives us:
V2 = 0.04525 L
Therefore, when the pressure increases to 40.0 atm, the volume of the gas compresses to 0.04525 L.
Isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of
Answer:
PROTONS
Explanation:
Isotopes of the same element have the same chemical properties because they have the same number of PROTONS (and electrons).
What is a photon?
A.) Part of a chloroplast
B.) A carbon dioxide molecule
C.) A Light particle
D.) Part of a ribosome
the correct (answer) is (c.) a light particle
2-butanone is converted into 3-methyl-3-hexanol using a grignard reagent prepared from 1-bromopropane and magnesium metal in thf solution. List the procedural steps required to collect the alcohol product by microdistillation.
Answer:
Here's what I get.
Explanation:
At the end of the reaction you will have a solution of the alcohol in THF.
The microdistillation procedure will vary, depending on the specific apparatus you are using, but here is a typical procedure.
Transfer the solution to a conical vial. Add a boiling stone. Attach a Hickman head (shown below) and condenser. Place the assembly in in the appropriate hole of an aluminium block on top of a hotplate stirrer. Begin stirring and heating at a low level so the THF (bp 63 °C) can distill slowly. Use a Pasteur pipet to withdraw the THF as needed. When all the THF has been removed, raise the temperature of the Al block and distill the alcohol (bp 143 °C).A closed 1L chamber of gas undergoes the following reaction at 400 °C and 20,000 kPa: 2H2(g)+ O2(g) --> 2H2O(g) Assuming 2 mols of hydrogen gas, 1 mol of oxygen gas, a constant temperature, and no product at start, what is the resulting pressure after the reaction occurs?
Answer:
The resulting pressure after the reaction occurs is 13,333.3333 kPa
Explanation:
The combined gas law for an ideal gas is:
[tex]\frac {P_1\times V_1}{n_1\times T_1}=\frac {P_2\times V_2}{n_2\times T_2}[/tex]
Where,
P₁ , V₁ , n₁ , T₁ are the pressure, volume, moles and temperature respectively of ideal gas 1.
P₂ , V₂ , n₂ , T₂ are the pressure, volume, moles and temperature respectively of ideal gas 2.
For the question, temperature stays constant and the volume ("closed chamber") are constant.
Thus, equation using for the question:
[tex]\frac {P_1}{n_1}=\frac {P_2}{n_2}[/tex]
On the reactant side, number of moles = 2 + 1 = 3 moles
On the product side, number of moles = 2 moles
Given: P₁ = 20,000 kPa
Substituting the values and solving for P₂ gives
20,000kPa / 3 = P₂/2
P₂ = 13,333.3333 kPa
Using Avogadro's law, the resulting pressure after the reaction of 2 mols H2 with 1 mol O2 in a closed 1L chamber at 400 °C is calculated to be 13,333.33 kPa.
Explanation:Calculating Resulting Pressure After a Chemical Reaction
To determine the resulting pressure after the reaction of hydrogen gas with oxygen gas to form water vapor, we apply the ideal gas law and Avogadro's law. The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
2 H₂(g) + O₂(g) → 2 H₂O(g)
Initially, we have 3 moles of gas (2 moles H₂ and 1 mole O₂). Since the products and reactants are gaseous and the number of moles decreases from 3 to 2, the resulting pressure after the reaction can be calculated by direct proportion using Avogadro's law, assuming the temperature remains constant. We can use the formula:
P₁V₁/n₁ = P₂V₂/n₂
Given that V₁ = V₂ (1 L chamber) and n₁ is 3 moles while n₂ is 2 moles:
P₂ = P₁ * (n₂/n₁)
P₂ = 20,000 kPa * (2/3)
P₂ = 13,333.33 kPa
The resulting pressure in the chamber after the reaction is complete would therefore be 13,333.33 kPa.
If the temperature of water increases as you heat it, the temperature is the independent variable.
True
False
Answer: If the temp of water increases as you heat it, the temp is the independent variable
false
A fusion reaction takes place between carbon and another element. Neutrons are released, and a different element is formed. The different element is
A) lighter than helium.B)heavier than helium.C)the same weight as helium.D)dependent on the element that reacted with carbon.
Answer:
D) dependent on the element that reacted with carbon.
Explanation:
Nuclear fusion involves the combination of small atomic nuclei to form larger ones. This combination or fusing of nuclei is always accompanied by the release of large amount of energy.
The fusion product depends on the combining elements that fuses together. As we would have it, the fusion results in the formation of a heavier nuclei. Therefore, the combination of the Carbon and the other element would yield another nuclei that is heavier.
Why does hydrogen peroxide turn your skin white
Answer:
Hydrogen Peroxide is known as a dental “debriding agent”. But when used on skin for minor wounds it will foam and turn surrounding tissue white. ... H2O2 decomposes easily to make water (H2O) and a single free oxygen atom which is looking for something to react with - like your skin.
Explanation:
When coal is burned to generate electricity, 70% of the primary energy in the coal is transformed into unused heat. This means that the energy conversion efficiency from chemical to electrical energy is _____
Answer:
0.3
Explanation:
The energy conversion efficiency is defined as the ratio of the useful output energy being generated by an energy machine to the input energy.It is denote by η.
The input and the useful output can be electric power, chemical, mechanical power, heat, etc.
Coal is being burnt to generate energy. Let the the input energy of coal be x units.
The energy lost in unused heat = 70% of x = 0.7x units
Useful output energy = 100% - 70% = 30% of x = 0.3x units
Thus,
η = Useful Energy/ Input energy
η = 0.3x/x = 0.3
Thus,
The energy conversion efficiency from chemical to electrical energy is 0.3.
The carbon-magnesium bond in a Grignard reagent is covalent and highly-polarized such that the carbon is negatively charged. Which of the following statements can be used to describe the Grignard carbanion? Select all that apply.
-Grignard reagents are weak nucleophiles
-Grignard reagents are strong nucleophiles
-Grignard reagents are strong bases
-Grignard reagents are weak bases
Answer:
-Grignard reagents are strong bases (third choice)
-Grignard reagents are strong nucleophiles ( second choice)
Grignard reagents have Grignard carbanion which are strong bases and strong nucleophiles.
What is a base?According to the Arrhenius concept, base is defined as a substance which yields hydroxyl ions on dissociation.These ions react with the hydrogen ions of acids to produce salt in an acid-base reaction.
Bases have a pH higher than seven as they yield hydroxyl ions on dissociation.They are soapy in touch and have a bitter taste.According to the Lowry-Bronsted concept, base is defined as a substance which accepts protons .Base react violently with acids to produce salts .Aqueous solutions of bases can be used to conduct electricity .They can also be used as indicators in acid-base titrations.
They are used in the manufacture of soaps,paper, bleaching powder.Calcium hydroxide ,a base is used to clean sulfur dioxide gas while magnesium hydroxide can be used as an antacid to cure acidity.
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Which of the following is a valid conversion factor?
1m/10 cm
10 hm/1 m
1 cm/1L
1 kg/1000 g
Answer:
1kg/1000g so D.
Explanation:
Answer: The correct answer is 1 kg = 1000 g
Explanation:
Unit is defined as the quantity that is used as a standard for measurement.
Meter, Centimeters, hectometers are the units which is used to express length of a substance.
Liter is the unit which is used to express volume of a substance.
Kilogram, grams are the units which is used to express mass of a substance.
All the units of a particular parameter are inter changeable.
For the given options:
Option 1: 1 m/10 cmThe conversion of meter to centimeters is:
1 m = 100 cm
Thus, this is not a valid conversion factor.
Option 2: 10 hm/1 mThe conversion of meter to hectometers is:
1 m = 100 hm
Thus, this is not a valid conversion factor.
Option 3: [tex]1cm^3/1L[/tex]The conversion of cubic centimeter to liters is:
[tex]1L=1000cm^3[/tex]
Thus, this is not a valid conversion factor.
Option 4: 1 kg/1000 gThe conversion of kilograms to grams is:
1 kg = 1000 g
Thus, this is a valid conversion factor.
Hence, the correct answer is 1 kg = 1000 g
Which is the part of an experiment that serves as the point of comparison for the results?
hypothesis
independent variable
constant
control
What volume of 24% trichloroacetic acid (tca) is needed to prepare eight 3 ounce bottles of 10% tca solution?
Answer:
295.7 mL of 24% trichloroacetic acid (tca) is needed .
Explanation:
Let the volume of 24% trichloroacetic acid solution be x
Volume of required 10% trichloroacetic acid solution =8 bottles of 3 ounces
= 24 ounces = 709.68 mL
(1 ounces = 29.57 mL)
Amount of trichloroacetic acid in 24% solution of x volume of solution will be equal to amount of trichloroacetic acid in 10% solution of volume 709.68 mL.
[tex]x\times \frac{24}{100}=709.68 mL\times \frac{10}{100}[/tex]
x = 295.7 mL
295.7 mL of 24% trichloroacetic acid (tca) is needed .
A calorimeter contains 22.0 mL of water at 14.0 ∘C . When 2.50 g of X (a substance with a molar mass of 82.0 g/mol ) is added, it dissolves via the reaction X(s)+H2O(l)→X(aq) and the temperature of the solution increases to 28.0 ∘C . Calculate the enthalpy change, ΔH, for this reaction per mole of X. Assume that the specific heat of the resulting solution is equal to that of water [4.18 J/(g⋅∘C)], that density of water is 1.00 g/mL, and that no heat is lost to the calorimeter itself, nor to the surroundings.
Answer:
The enthalpy change in the the reaction is -47.014 kJ/mol.
Explanation:
[tex]X(s)+H_2O(l)\rightarrow X(aq)[/tex]
Volume of water in calorimeter = 22.0 mL
Density of water = 1.00 g/mL
Mass of the water in calorimeter = m
[tex]m=1.00 g/mL\times 22.0 mL=22 g[/tex]
Mass of substance X = 2.50 g
Mass of the solution = M = 2.50 g + 22 g = 24.50 g
Heat released during the reaction be Q
Change in temperature =ΔT = 28.0°C - 14.0°C = 14.0°C
Specific heat of the solution is equal to that of water :
c = 4.18J/(g°C)
[tex]Q=Mc\times \Delta T[/tex]
[tex]Q=24.50 g\times 4.18 J/g ^oC\times 14.0^oC=1,433.74 J=1.433 kJ[/tex]
Heat released during the reaction is equal to the heat absorbed by the water or solution.
Heat released during the reaction =-1.433 kJ
Moles of substance X= [tex]\frac{2.50 g}{82.0 g/mol}=0.03048 mol[/tex]
The enthalpy change, ΔH, for this reaction per mole of X:
[tex]\Delta H=\frac{-1.433 kJ}{0.03048 mol}=-47.014 kJ/mol[/tex]
2.50 g of X dissolves in a calorimeter containing 22.0 mL of water, causing the temperature to increase from 14.0 °C to 28.0 °C. The enthalpy change of the reaction is -46.9 kJ/mol.
First, we will convert 22.0 mL of water to grams using its density (1.00 g/mL).
[tex]22.0 mL \times \frac{1.00g}{mL} = 22.0 g[/tex]
The solution contains 22.0 g of water and 2.50 g of X. The mass of the solution is:
[tex]m = 22.0 g + 2.50 g = 24.5 g[/tex]
We can calculate the heat absorbed by the solution (Qs) using the following expression.
[tex]Qs = c \times m \times \Delta T = \frac{4.18J}{g. \° C } \times 24.5 g \times (28.0 \° C - 14.0 \° C) = 1.43 \times 10^{3} J = 1.43 kJ[/tex]
According to the law of conservation of energy, the sum of the heat absorbed by the solution and the heat released by the reaction (Qr) is zero.
[tex]Qs + Qr = 0\\\\Qr = -Qs = -1.43 kJ[/tex]
Then, we will convert 2.50 g of X to moles using its molar mass (82.0 g/mol).
[tex]n = 2.50 g \times \frac{1mol}{82.0g} = 0.0305 mol[/tex]
Finally, we will calculate the enthalpy change, ΔH, for this reaction per mole of X using the following expression.
[tex]\Delta H = \frac{Qr}{n} = \frac{-1.43 kJ}{0.0305mol} = -46.9 kJ/mol[/tex]
2.50 g of X dissolves in a calorimeter containing 22.0 mL of water, causing the temperature to increase from 14.0 °C to 28.0 °C. The enthalpy change of the reaction is -46.9 kJ/mol.
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The steps of the scientific method must be followed in order every time an experiment is carried out.
Question 20 options:
True
False
Answer:
The steps of the scientific method must be followed in order every time an experiment is carried out. - True
The steps of the scientific method do not have to be followed in the exact same order in every experiment. They are mostly followed in a typical order, but can be repeated and modified as needed while performing the experiment.
Explanation:The statement is generally false: the steps of the scientific method do not have to be followed in the exact same order during every experiment. These steps are: observation, question formulation, hypothesis, experiment, data collection and analysis, and conclusion. While they are usually followed in that order, it is not mandatory to do so. Some steps can be repeated and modified as needed during the experiment. It's the iterative nature of the scientific method that encourages scientists to test and refine their hypotheses.
Learn more about scientific method here:https://brainly.com/question/17636973
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Air pressure is lower at high altitudes. An airplane cabin can adjust, but as the plane rises, passengers can experience temporary pain in their ears. Check all facts below that explain why. The air pressure in the ears increases. The air pressure in the ears decreases. The volume of air in the ears increases. The volume of air in the ears decreases. The change in volume causes discomfort. It takes time for the ears to dispell excess air past the ear drum.
Answer:
B C E F
Explanation:
When an airplane rises to high altitudes, the air pressure decreases, and this decrease in pressure affects the air pressure in the ears. As a result, passengers may experience temporary pain or discomfort in their ears due to the change in volume of air in the ears and the need for the ears to equalize the pressure.
Explanation:When an airplane rises to high altitudes, the air pressure decreases. This decrease in air pressure affects the air pressure in the ears and can cause temporary pain. Here's how it happens:
The air pressure in the ears decreases: As the airplane ascends, the air pressure in the cabin decreases. This reduced air pressure affects the air pressure in the ears.The volume of air in the ears decreases: The decrease in cabin pressure leads to a decrease in the volume of air in the ears.The change in volume causes discomfort: The decrease in volume can cause temporary discomfort or a feeling of pressure in the ears.It takes time for the ears to dispel excess air past the eardrum: The air pressure inside and outside the ears needs time to equalize, and excess air may need to be dispelled past the eardrum. This process can cause temporary pain or discomfort in the ears.The diagram below shows DNA molecules. What do the broken lines connected to hydrogen atoms represent in this diagram? the weakest intermolecular forces the weakest intramolecular forces the strongest intermolecular forces the strongest intramolecular forces
Hydrogen bonds are the broken lines between the DNA molecules. These are the strongest intermolecular forces, so C.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
c
Identify the following as combination, decomposition, replacement, or ion exchange reactions: ZnCO3(s) → ZnO(s) + CO2 ↑ 2 NaBr(aq) + Cl2(g) → 2 NaCl(aq) + Br2(g) 2 Al(s) + 3 Cl2(g) → 2 AlCl3(s) Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → CaSO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l) Pb(NO3)2(aq) + H2S(g) → 2 HNO3(aq) + PbS↓ C(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn(s) + CO↑
Answer:
Explanation:
ZnCO₃(s) → ZnO(s) + CO₂ ↑
Decomposition reaction:
This involves the breakdown of a compound into its component individual elements or other compounds.
2NaBr(aq) + Cl₂(g) → 2NaCl(aq) + Br₂(g)
Replacement reaction
This is a single replacement reaction in which one substance replaces the other.
2Al(s) + 3Cl₂(g) → 2AlCl₃(s)
Combination reaction:
Here, a single compound forms from two or more reacting species.
Ca(OH)₂(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) → CaSO₄(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
Replacement reaction:
This is a double replacement reaction in which ions are exchanged to form new compounds.
Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂S(g) → 2HNO₃(aq) + PbS↓
Replacement reaction:
This is a double replacement reaction in which ions are exchanged to form new compounds.
C(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn(s) + CO↑
Replacement reaction
This is a single replacement reaction in which one substance replaces the other.
Answer:
ZnCO₃(s) → ZnO(s) + CO₂ ↑ Decomposition
2NaBr(aq) + Cl₂(g) → 2NaCl(aq) + Br₂(g) Replacement
2Al(s) + 3Cl₂(g) → 2AlCl₃(s) Combination
Ca(OH)₂(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) → CaSO₄(aq) + 2H₂O(l) Ion Exchange.
Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂S(g) → 2HNO₃(aq) + PbS↓ Ion Exchange.
C(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn(s) + CO↑ Replacement.
Explanation:
We have a st of reaction, we need to identify them as Combination, decomposition, replacement or ion exchange reactions:
First reaction is:
ZnCO₃(s) → ZnO(s) + CO₂ ↑
This reaction involves the breakdown of the reagent into its component individual elements or other compounds. We can identify this reaction as: Decomposition reaction.
Second Reaction is:
2NaBr(aq) + Cl₂(g) → 2NaCl(aq) + Br₂(g)
This is a single replacement reaction in which Cl replaces the Br in the molecule. We can identify this reaction as: Replacement reaction.
Third reaction is:
2Al(s) + 3Cl₂(g) → 2AlCl₃(s)
Here two reagents react to form a single product. We can identify this reaction as: Combination reaction:
Fourth reaction:
Ca(OH)₂(aq) + H₂SO₄(aq) → CaSO₄(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
In this reaction, SO₄ and OH Ions exchange position. We can identify this reaction as: Ion Exchange.
Fifth reaction:
Pb(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂S(g) → 2HNO₃(aq) + PbS↓
In this reaction, S and NO₃ Ions exchange position. We can identify this reaction as: Ion Exchange.
Sixth reaction:
C(s) + ZnO(s) → Zn(s) + CO↑
This is a single replacement reaction in which Oxygen replaces Carbon. This reaction can be identified as: Replacement reaction.
What condition must be met for a battery to be rechargeable? Either its anode or its cathode must generate a gas as a result of the electrochemical reaction. It must generate electricity via an acid-base reaction rather than via an oxidation-reduction reaction. The battery must be open to the outside so that it can vent any internal pressure that builds up from gases within it. The electrochemical reaction of the battery must be reversible.
Answer:
The electrochemical reaction of the battery must be reversible.
Explanation:
An electrochemical cell is device in which chemical reactions produce electricity. There are two main types of electrochemical cells:
Primary cells: In primary cells, the chemical reaction through which electric current is generated is irreversible and hence cannot be re-charged.
Secondary cells: are those in which chemical reactions through which electricity is generated is reversible. Hence they can be re-charged.