Tree resin (along with other gum and latex fluids) plays an extremely important function in trees by rapidly sealing over wounds used as introductory pathways by invading insects and fungal disease agents. Organisms that try to enter a tree via a wound can be flushed out, can become stuck and trapped in the seal and can be overcome by the resin's toxicity. It is also thought that resins have high antiseptic qualities that prevent decay and that they also lower the amount of water lost from the plant's tissues. In any event, consistent resin flow is essential to the continued health of most conifers.
If you have regularly handled or touched the bark or cones of pine, spruce or larch, you know about the fragrant "sticky" resin they copiously ooze. That resin is contained in ducts or blisters that run through the bark and wood and diminish in size and number as they enter roots and needles. Hemlocks, true cedars, and firs have resin mainly restricted to the bark.
Wound trauma to a tree can stimulate the production of "traumatic resin canals" that help in containing the injury and help in healing any resulting infection. Resin-laden blisters contained in the conifer secrete the light liquid, which immediately loses oils to evaporation and forms a heavy solid scab. It is interesting to note that this reaction to trauma by a tree is used in the manufacturing process of certain commercial resins and essential oils by stimulating resin flow by inflicting a purposeful injury or bark irritation (see tapping below).
The production of resin is very common in nature, but only a few plant families can be considered of commercial importance to resin collectors. These important resin producing plants include the Anacardiaceae (gum mastic), Burseraceae (incense tree), Hammamelidaceae (witch-hazel), Leguminosae, and Pinaceae (pine, spruce, fir, true cedar).
LISA
Biography
Editorial
All of this is nothing, however, against Enrique's
longing for his mother, who left him behind
eleven years ago. Although his efforts to survive
often force her out of his mind, at times he thinks
of her with a loneliness that is overwhelming. He
remembers when she would call Honduras from
the United States, the concern.
-Enrique's Journey,
Sonia Nazario
Use the drop-down menus to choose whether each
statement describes the biography, the editorial, or
both
The passage presents the idea that lives are in
danger
The text uses third-person point of view to express
feelings
The text presents an opinion about the topic of
immigration
Answer:
The passage presents the idea that lives are in danger.
✔ both
The text uses third-person point of view to express feelings.
✔ the biography
The text presents an opinion about the topic of immigration.
✔ the editorial
Explanation:
The first statement describes both an editorial and a biography. The second statement describes the biography. The third statement describes the editorial.
A biography is simply an account of a person’s life. It can be about a living person, a person who lived hundreds of years ago, a person who is world-renowned, a forgotten hero, or a group of people.
An editorial, a leading article, or a leader is an article that is written by the editor-in-chief of a newspaper (or magazine). The article is usually not signed. Editorials are often referred to as “opinions”.
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The growth factor Superchick stimulates the proliferation of cultured chicken cells. The receptor that binds Superchick is a receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), and many chicken tumor cell lines have mutations in the gene that encodes this receptor. For the following types of mutation, what would be the affect if any on cell proliferation?
(a) a mutation that prevents dimerization of the receptor
(b) a mutation that destroys the kinase activity of the receptor
(c) a mutation that inactivates the protein tyrosine phosphatase that normally removes the phosphates from tyrosines on the activated receptor
(d) a mutation that prevents the binding of the normal extracellular signal to the receptor
Answer:
Option C, a mutation that inactivates the protein tyrosine phosphatase that normally removes the phosphates from tyrosines on the activated receptor
Explanation:
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP) causes dephosphorylation of protein due to which the pathways for signal transmission get terminated, growth of cell also get inhibited along with cell proliferation, and differentiation. Cell proliferation is a mechanism by which the number of cells increases in an organism. Also this mechanism keeps a balance between the cell divisions and cell loss.
Since this growth factor Superchick is stimulating the proliferation of cultured chicken cells by inhibiting the functioning of Protein tyrosine phosphatases due to which cell growth is not terminated and more cultured mutated cells are originating
Hence, option C is correct
Any change in the normal nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid is called a
Answer:
mutation
Explanation:
I'm not sure, but it can be.
Any change in the normal nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid is called a - mutation.
Amino acids are composed of two functional groups the amnio group, and the carboxyl group. They join together to make a polypeptide chain resulting in the formation of a protein.
In a living cell, DNA is composed of four bases adenine (A), thymine(T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C), while in RNA, the T is replaced by uracil (U).DNA is transcribed to mRNA, and three bases in mRNA together form a codon.One amino acid is formed from one codon - for instance bases A, U, G form a codon AUG and encode methionine (amino acid).Therefore, if any change occurs in the normal base sequence of the DNA is considered as mutation (Point mutation)The mutation will be carried to its mRNA, leading to defective amnio acids.Sickle cell hemoglobin is one such exampleThus, any change in the normal nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid is called a - mutation.
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If you had a sample organism and wanted to measure its rate of cellular respiration, which of the following methods would provide useful information? Study the equation for cellular respiration to have a clear sense of what is consumed and what is produced before answering the question?
Explanation:
Aerobic cellular respiration is the process by which the cells of a living being separate nourishment and transform it into the energy they have to play out their essential functionsThe most importance of aerobic respiration in living things can't be belittled Without this process, no living thing would survive Oxygen is a critical component of Aerobic respiration in many animalsThe motivation behind the oxygen is so significant is on the grounds that it assumes a critical job in the mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cellThe mitochondria has two layers. On the inward layer, 4 gatherings of protein structure the Electron Transport ChainHow does the loss of bicarbonate due to diarrhea increase the protons in the blood?
Answer:
Increase of protons (H+) in the blood causes acidosis. These effects decrease hemoglobin’s affinity for oxygen and weakens its capacity to bind and increasing the haemoglobin dissociation.
Loss of bicarbonate stores by diarrhoea or tubular renal waste results in a state of metabolic acidosis leads increased concentration of plasma chloride and decreased concentration of plasma bicarbonate. Decrease in plasma bicarbonate leads to increase in H+ ions causing acidosis.
Which systems work together so oxygen can be distributed to the cells of your body? How do these two systems work together to accomplish this task?
Answer: The human respiratory and circulatory systems
Explanation: The human respiratory and circulatory systems work together to supply the body with oxygen and get rid of waste carbon dioxide. While the former deals with air and the latter with blood, they work together seamlessly by coordinating the functions of the many parts of each system.
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Answer:
The respiratory and circulatory systems work together to bring oxygen to the cells in the body. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the air to the lungs, where the oxygen is transferred to the blood. The circulatory system transports the blood, which delivers oxygen to the cells in the body.
Explanation:
Sample Answer
Describe the role of Cyanobacteria in charging Earth's early atmosphere
Cyanobacteria, through photosynthesis, played a crucial role in transforming Earth's early anoxic atmosphere by producing oxygen. This led to the Great Oxygenation Event, which allowed for the evolution of aerobic organisms and ultimately paved the way for the diversity of life that we see today.
Explanation:Role of Cyanobacteria in Earth's Early AtmosphereThe role of cyanobacteria, often referred to as blue-green algae, was instrumental in transforming Earth's anoxic early atmosphere. These organisms are known for their ability to perform photosynthesis, a process that results in the production of oxygen. Initially, Earth's atmosphere had no molecular oxygen, and anaerobic organisms were the only forms of life able to survive. Cyanobacteria evolved from early phototrophs, and their emergence around 2.5 billion years ago sparked a significant change known as the Great Oxygenation Event.
Through their photosynthetic activities, cyanobacteria began releasing substantial amounts of oxygen into the atmosphere. This not only changed the atmospheric composition but also led to the first-known mass extinction, as many anaerobic organisms could not withstand the presence of oxygen. However, this event also paved the way for the evolution of aerobic life forms, including multicellular organisms, and the development of more efficient oxygen-utilizing catabolic pathways. The oxygenation also contributed to the formation of the ozone layer, which protects living organisms from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
Furthermore, the rise of cyanobacteria and the subsequent oxygenation of the atmosphere is thought to have been a driving force behind the evolution and increased colonization of land by more complex life forms. Hence, cyanobacteria played a crucial role in shaping Earth's atmosphere and the direction of evolutionary history on the planet.
In which direction is air pressure exerted
Answer:
depends
Explanation:
Answer:
Air pressure is exerted in all directions.
the importance of biodiversity in chimps
What type of organism did the enzyme taq polymerase come from?
Answer:
Taq polymerase comes from thermophilic bacterium.Explanation:
Taq polymerase is a heat-stable DNA polymerase , an enzyme, and it comes from the thermophilic bacterium, which inhabits hot springs and hot areas.
It was originally isolated from thermophilic bacterium and was named as Thermus aquaticus (T. aquaticus)
This enzyme is heat stable and do to denature easily.
Taq polymerase is very usefull in PCR. Through PCR we can make large number of DNA from a small sample in a very short time.
Where oxygen is stored once it has diffused from the alveoli into the capillary
Answer:
Gas exchange takes place in the millions of alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelop them. As shown below, inhaled oxygen moves from the alveoli to the blood in the capillaries, and carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries to the air in the alveoli.
The oxygen once after diffusing from the alveoli into the capillary stores in the blood.
Exchange of gases:The movement of oxygen takes place across the paper-thin walls within the air sacs or the alveoli to the tiny blood vessels known as capillaries. This oxygen finally gets store within the blood. The hemoglobin present within the red blood cells then mediates the oxygen all over the body.
On the other hand, the carbon dioxide dissolved in the blood comes out of the capillaries back into the air sacs, and get breathe out. The blood containing fresh oxygen is mediated from the lungs to the heart's left side and get pumped around the body via the arteries.
Thus, oxygen is stored in the blood once it get diffused from the alveoli into the capillary.
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The presence of more than two alternative forms of a given gene would be called ________. a.alternation of generations b.incomplete dominance c.hemizygosity d.codominance e.multiple alleles
the answer is d. multiple alleles
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The presence of more than two alternative forms of a given gene is called multiple alleles. This is seen in the ABO blood group system in humans, which also exemplifies codominance.
Explanation:The presence of more than two alternative forms of a given gene is referred to as multiple alleles. This term generally applies in genetics where, although an individual can have only two alleles for a specific gene (one from each parent), there may exist more than two alleles within a population. A common example of this is the ABO blood group system in humans.
The ABO blood group system exhibits both codominance and multiple alleles. In this system, there are three alleles: IA, IB, and i. Both IA and IB are dominant to i. However, neither one is dominant or recessive to the other. IA and IB are codominant. Hence, a person with an IAIB genotype will have type AB blood.
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11. look at problem 11. what if the mRNA has a frameshift mutation and lost the 3rd C in the second codon, whoa would the new mRNA strand be?
The new mRNA formed is AUG CCC UAU AUG GUA GAG UGU AG
Explanation:
Frameshift mutation is a condition when either a nucleotide is added or deleted and the code is no longer triplet codon. This change causes the shifting of the frame of DNA sequence and the coding of amino acid is affected because mRNA is transcribed according to the mutated DNA sequence.The different amino acid than expected is the outcome.
In the given mRNA strand:
mRNA : AUG CCC CUA UAU GGU AGA GUG UAG
the condition given is if frame shift mutation takes place in 3rd nucleotide in second codon, the third C is lost, the resulting mRNA is:
new mRNA formed is AUG CCC UAU AUG GUA GAG UGU AG
The sequence of amino acid will change and also there will be a loss of amino acid in the polypeptide as only 2 nucleotides in the triplet codon is there.
A species of a large brown bear lived in Siberia about a million years ago. Over time, the northern population became white-colored and acquired heavier fur as it blended into the snowy landscape. The southern population acquired lighter, darker-colored fur as it adapted to forest ecosystems. Eventually, they could no longer reproduce with each other. Which of these terms describes this transition?
a. transmofrification
b. coincidence
c. providence
d. lost in translation
e. speciation
Answer:
e. speciation
Explanation:
The definition of speciation is: the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.
In this scenario, the bears that were once of the same species evolved in order to adapt to their environment. Once they evolved, they could no longer produce with each other, as they are now different species.
What must be transmitted to new dna strands during replication to maintain genetic information?
Answer: Individual sugars from existing DNA strands
Explanation:
DNA is composed of nucleotides, which itself consists of bases, sugar and phosphates. Each individual's DNA has about 3.4 billion nucleotide pairs
inhibition is a mechanism of succession in which Group of answer choices the arrival of one species at a site affects the subsequent colonization of other species. one species decreases the probability that a second species will become established. one species increases the probability that a second species will become established. the probability that a species can become established depends on the presence of another species.
Answer:
option B: one species decreases the probability that a second species will become established
Explanation:
Inhibition as a mechanism of succession occurs when some early species which could also include pioneer species make the site less suitable for the development of other species and do not allow them to become established and grow. When eventually these early species die, other species that were hindered will subsequently grow and become established gradually giving rise to a climax community.
During strictly anaerobic exercise, muscle cells preferentially: a. carboxylate pyruvate to oxaloacetate. b. oxidize pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. c. decarboxylate pyruvate to acetaldehyde. d. reduce pyruvate to lactate. e. none of the above.
Explanation:
(b) Oxidize pyruvate to acetyl-CoA.
The oxidative decarboxylation of Pyruvate to form Acetyl-CoA is the connection among Glycolysis and the Citric acid cycleIt is an irreversible oxidation process in which the carboxyl group is expelled from pyruvate as an atom of CO2 and the two residual carbons become the acetyl group of Acetyl-CoA Pyruvate can be changed over into sugars by means of gluconeogenesis, to unsaturated fats or energy through acetyl-CoA, to the amino acid alanine, and to ethanolWhat is NOT a way in which bacteria are beneficial to humans ?
Answer: Some bacteria are harmful to human body considering it can get you ill by killing cells in you body.
I need the answer to the question
Most of the Blackland Prairie ecoregion of Texas has been converted to farmland and ranches. Between crop harvests, some farmers grow a type of plant called a cover crop, while other farmers leave the fields bare. How do these practices affect the soil of the Blackland Prairie?
A. Planting a cover crop or leaving the ground bare are both practices that will completely prevent soil erosion.
B. Equal amounts of erosion by wind and runoff will occur on farms, regardless of whether cover crops are planted.
C. More erosion by wind and runoff will occur on farms with cover crops than on farms without cover crops.
D. Less erosion by wind and runoff will occur on farms with cover crops than on farms without cover crops.
Answer:
D. Less erosion by wind and runoff will occur on farms with cover crops than on farms without cover crops.
Explanation:
A cover crop is a crop planted to protect the soil from erosion, diseases, etc rather than to produce crop yield.
This type of crop has prevention of soil erosion on the farmland among one of its many functions. Other functions include increasing soil quality, suppress weeds, etc.
Cover crops prevent erosion by reducing the amount of water that is drained off a land because of its deep roots which enables water to be sieved from the ground. Their residue is left on the land to prevent excess water runoff, thereby protecting the land from erosion during heavy rainfall.
Some examples of cover crops are legumes and grasses.
Therefore, farmers in Blackland Prairie that leave their farms bare are more at risk of erosion than farmers that plant cover crops.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Can someone please do this for me will mark brainliest and thanks worth 50 points
Answer:
not so sure but i can try
Explanation:
The presence of a mutualist spider in a certain area improves the survival of an herbaceous shrub by reducing the impact of herbivorous insects. These spiders are preyed on by lizards, and lizards are eaten by birds. An increase in the density of lizards would most likely have a _______ direct effect on spiders and a _______ effect on the plant.
Answer:
An increase in the density of lizards would most likely have a negative direct effect on spiders and a negative indirect effect on the plant.
Explanation:
Many animals modify their environments, apparently to reduce predation risk .Scincid lizards are included or excluded from 21 replicated plots, and spiders therein are classified as exposed or sheltered, depending on whether they are uncovered in their web or hidden in cocoons, leaves/debris, or burrows. Exposed spiders are greatly affected by the presence of predatory scincid lizards, whereas sheltered spiders are not. More specifically, lizards, which forage close to the ground, reduce the abundance of exposed spiders by two-thirds but have no effect on the abundance of sheltered spiders. Sheltered spiders are able to avoid predation and share space with lizards, suggesting that shelter construction is a mechanism for reducing predation risk and has important population consequences.
Which feature on microscope did Anton van Leeuwenhoek add that enabled him to magnify organisms about 250 times?
•drop of water
•light from oil lamp
•tubes that extend
•polished lenses
Answer: Polished lenses
Explanation:
I did the quiz
Answer:
polished lenses
I got it right :D
A 22-year-old female was ejected from her car after striking a tree head-on. As you approach her, you note obvious closed deformities to both of her femurs. She is not moving and does not appear to be conscious. You should:A. stabilize her head and perform a primary assessment.B. assess for a carotid pulse and assist her ventilations.C. apply manual stabilization to both of her femurs.D. administer oxygen and perform a rapid assessment.
Answer:
I am thinking it's either A or D
Answer:
A
Explanation:
If she flew out and hit her head then her head would be the main thing to make sure is ok before you try to do anything else the try to take care of her by any other assistance you can give her
When a substance moves across the plasma membrane along a concentration gradient at a rate faster than would be expected by simple diffusion alone but without the expenditure of metabolic energy, the process is best described as:
A. Facilitated diffusion
B. active transport
C. pinocytosis
D. the work of an ion pump
E. Osmosis
Answer:
A. Facilitated diffusionExplanation:
The plasma membrane is an important membrane that is present in the cell and plays an important role in the exchange of the materials across the cell. This membrane is made up of phospholipid bilayers and some other components. Movement of the substances across the membrane takes place by two methods such as an active process in which the energy required and the other is the passive process in which energy is not required.Diffusion, osmosis, and facilitated diffusion are an example of passive diffusion. Facilitated diffusion is such type of passive movement in which the membrane proteins helps in the transport of the substances across the membrane and thus the is faster than other passive processes. In this process no energy is required and movements take place along the concentration gradient.
Molecules are moved over the membrane using one of two methods: an active process that requires energy, or a passive mechanism that does not.
The process is best described as a form of passive diffusion (Facilitated diffusion) option A.
Facilitated diffusion is a sort of passive movement in which specific transmembrane integral proteins aid in the transport of molecules across the membrane.This result in a faster process than other passive processes.There is no need for energy in this particular transport process and movements are made along the concentration gradient.
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BRAINLY please help
Which of these cell types is NOT an immune cell?
A.
leukocyte
B.
phagocyte
C.
lymphocyte
D.
erythrocyte
Answer:
D
Explanation:
A is incorrect because leukocyte is a colorless cell that circulates in the blood and body fluids and is involved in counteracting foreign substances and disease; a white (blood) cell.
B is incorrect because phagocytes are a type of cell within the body capable of engulfing and absorbing bacteria and other small cells and particles.
C is incorrect because lymphocyte are a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system.
D is correct because erythrocyte are a red blood cell that (in humans) is typically a biconcave disc without a nucleus. Erythrocytes contain the pigment hemoglobin, which imparts the red color to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.
The drawer on a wooden jewelry box will not stay closed. A student wants to fix it with a small magnets and a thin iron plate. Can these materials be used to fix the problem?
NEED ANSWER ASAP
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
Iron is Magnetic.
What term means change over time?
Answer:
Evolution
Explanation:
evolution is what happens over a long periods of time
The separation of the sister chromatids occurs in:
la- anaphase I
b- metaphase I
c- anaphase I and anaphase II
d- mitotic anaphase and anaphase II
(jusitfy your answer)
Biological transmission differs from mechanical transmission in that biological transmission
Answer:
Biological transmission involves the reproduction or propagation of agent or pathogens within the arthropods vectors before transmission begins.while mechanical transmission involves just transfer of pathogens/agents from an infected host,to another suspectable host directly(direct mechanical transmission) or when anthropoids transmits pathogens obtained from from a contaminated source.(indirect mechanical transmission).
The two mechanisms represented mode of transmission of diseases.