You traced a molecule of urea from the renal artery out of the body. how would the steps of this tracing differ if the urea were recycled

Answers

Answer 1
Blood entering glomerulus carries urea molecule, and the molecules are filtered through Bowman's capsule and then it enters the proximal convoluted tubules. The half of incoming urea is being reabsorbed and it enters the loop of Henle's. Urea is being secreted in thin limbs of a loop from the medulla into the lumen of the tubules increasing urea concentration to hundred percent.
From loop, the urea enters to distal convolated tubules (DCT) being hundred percent. In distal convoluted tubules, thirty percent is reabsorbed to cortex while the remaining seventy percent enters to collecting tubules. Fifty percent is being reabsorbed in the medulla. Fifteen percent is excreted as urine, the five percent is reabsorbed by vasa recta and arteries which are associated with nephron.
The urea recycling traps most of the urea in the medulla and it creates high osmolarity which helps in water reabsorption.

Related Questions

the organ shown is a part of the _ system

Answers

If its a heart its circulatory, lungs respiratory, kidneys excretory, brain nervous, stomach digestive,  hormones endocrine, skin integumentary, lymph nodes lymphatic,  bone skeletal, muscle muscular, thymus immune system.

But if you can show a pic i could try to answer it more specifically.

the answer is C-cardiovascular

Retinol, cholecalciferol, tocopherol, and phylloquinone are all names of what? water-soluble vitamins fat-soluble vitamins antioxidants

Answers

The correct answer is fat-soluble vitamins.

The fat-soluble vitamins are soluble in lipids and usually absorbed as fat globules (chylomicrons). They are absorbed via the lymphatic system of the small intestines and then transported into the blood circulation within the body.

Vitamin A (retinol) has an important role in maintaining healthy vision.

Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) is important for bone health and development and it is produced naturally in the human body when the skin is exposed to the sun.

 Vitamin E (tocopherol) is an antioxidant that can help the body destroy free radicals.

 Vitamin K (phylloquinone) has a role in forming the blood clots.

Please list from greatest to smallest

Answers

An organism is a complex structure made out of smaller integrating parts.
So, the greatest level of integration is the organism.
The lower level is the level of organs.
Even smaller is the level of tissue and in the end
we have the cells, the smallest functioning units of the body.

The smallest units in an organism are the cells. There many different types of cells. We can take a muscle cell as an example.

Each type of cell integrates with other cells of this type and makes a tissue. Therefore, muscle cells integrate into a muscle tissue.

Afterward, tissue forms different organs. Muscle tissue can form the skeletal muscle, the heart, etc.

Finally, all of the organs form a functioning organism.

We know that vinyl chloride is a carcinogen. parents fear that their children will get cancer from playing with toys made from pvc. do you agree or disagree?

Answers

i do not agree, only because there have been so many children to play with toys like that, and they have been perfectly fine, so its like a one out of million chance.

What is the steady state of contraction created by smooth muscle

Answers

vasoconstriction? I'm not entirely sure

Final answer:

The steady state of contraction in smooth muscle is known as muscle tone, maintained with minimal energy thanks to latch-bridges. Factors like the autonomic nervous system and stretching can influence these contractions. Smooth muscle is categorized into single-unit and multiunit types, with single-unit being more common in organ walls.

Explanation:

The steady state of contraction created by smooth muscle is referred to as muscle "tone". This muscle tone is a low-level contraction that can be maintained for long periods with little energy expenditure. Smooth muscle achieves this through the use of latch-bridges, a type of cross-bridge that can remain attached between myosin heads and actin filaments without the continuous need for ATP.

Smooth muscle contraction can be induced or modulated by various factors, such as neural stimulation by the autonomic nervous system (ANS), hormones, local factors, and physical stretching of the muscle fibers. The stress-relaxation response is characteristic of visceral smooth muscle, allowing organs such as the stomach and bladder to stretch and contract efficiently without premature emptying.

This muscle type can be categorized as single-unit and multiunit. Single-unit smooth muscle contains gap junctions that synchronize contractions, making the muscle contract as a single unit. This type is mostly found in the walls of viscera. On the other hand, multiunit smooth muscle cells lack gap junctions and their contractions are not synchronized, allowing for fine control and are found in structures such as the large airways to the lungs and the large arteries.

how are proteins built using the information provided by a molecule of RNA ?

Answers

During translation, the information to build the RNA comes from messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer:

RNA determines the sequence of amino acids in proteins and polypeptides by a two-step process: transcription of DNA produces mRNA in the nucleus, then translation of the mRNA to tRNA takes place in the ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Some ncds, including _____, begin with impaired motor control. alzheimer disease vascular dementia parkinson's disease pick disease

Answers

Some ncds, that includes Parkinson's disease usually begins with impaired motor control. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder, that then leads to progressive deterioration of the motor function because of the loss of dopamine in brain cells. The cause is unknown yet mostly because of geneti or environmental factor.

Some non-communicable diseases (ncds), including Parkinson’s disease, begin with impaired motor control.

Answer: Option C

Explanation:

It is caused mostly due to genetic or environmental factors.  Parkinson’s disease is a neural disorder caused by deterioration of motor function in the brain.  Dopamine cells are lost in the brain cells.

This dopamine in the brain is responsible for the smooth movement. When it is lost due to various factors it causes progressive loss of muscle control. This causes shaking, shivering, trembling of head and limbs.  

If a neutral atom has a mass of 12 amu and an atomic number of 5, determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in the atom. (4 points)

Answers

5 protons, 5 electrons, 7 neutrons

How would a sudden decrease in the rabbit population on an island affect another species there? *

A. The population of eagles would probably increase.
B. The population of ladybugs would probably increase.
C. The population of blue jays would probably decrease.
D. The population of foxes would probably decrease.

Answers

D the population of foxes would decrease.

The correct answer is option D The population of foxes would probably decrease.

A food chain can be defined as a linear sequence of organisms through which the nutrients and energy flow as one organisms feeds on the other. Each level of the food chain is called the trophic level. They show organisms starting from the producers and end with consumers or sometimes with detrivores or decomposers. The producers which use solar energy and prepare their food occupy the first trophic level, followed by the primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary consumers occupying the next trophic level.

In the terrestrial food chain given above, grass → rabbit → fox, the decrease in the any population will effect the other organism at a different trophic level of the food chain. A sudden decrease in the population of rabbits will decrease the population of the foxes at the next trophic level as it is a secondary consumer feeding on the primary consumer which is the rabbit. So, a sudden decrease in the rabbit population will starve the foxes and thus decrease their number in the island.



What was Gregor Mendel’s main contribution to science? A. He cultivated unusual flower species. B. He is considered the father of genetics. C. He researched the best-tasting peas. D. He proposed a theory of blended traits.

Answers

Gregor Mendel is known as the "Father of Genetics" for his contribution to genetic studies. He was experimenting with pea plants and how traits were passed from parent(s) to offspring(s). He found out that some traits were dominant and some were recessive.

Gregor Mendel’s proposed the theory of blended traits which is considered as main contribution to science.

Answer: Option D

Explanation:

He experimented with the seven contrasting traits of the pea plant and came up with theories and laws pertaining to the segregation of characters. He noted that the F2 generation of the pea plant was having traits which were composed of dominant, recessive as well as new trait due to co-dominance.  

_______ is an example of an abiotic factor for a given animal. A. An organism that competes with it B. The air it breathes C. The animal which feeds on it D. A mouse on which it feeds

Answers

Answer:

B. The air it breathes.

Explanation:

An abiotic factor is a factor that is non-living, while a biotic factor is living.

Abiotic example: the air it breathes

Biotic example: the mouse

When two pink flowers (rw) are crossed, there are four equally likely possible outcomes for the genetic makeup of the offspring: red (rr), pink (rw), pink (wr), and white (ww). complete the punnett square. if two pink flowers are crossed, what is the probability that the offspring is?

Answers

You get the following:
RR - red - 0.25
RW- pink - 0.50
WW- white - 0.25

So 50% chance of being pink.
Final answer:

Two pink flowers (rw) crossing can produce offspring with the genotypes rr (red), rw (pink), wr (pink), or ww (white). The probability for red and white offspring is 25% each, while for pink it's 50%.

Explanation:

When two pink flowers (rw) are crossed, the potential genotypes of the offspring could be rr (red), rw (pink), wr (pink), or ww (white). This can be visualized using a Punnett square, a diagram used in biology to predict the outcome of a genetic cross. For two pink flowers, the Punnett square would look like this:

RW | RW-- | --RW | rr-- | --RR | Rw-- | --Rw | Rw

Each square in the Punnett square represents a potential genotype, so the probability for each genotype (rr, rw, wr, ww) is 25% each because there are four squares. Therefore, the chances of the offspring flower being red is 25%, pink is 50% (rw and wr), and white is 25%.

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The physiology instructor is talking with the class of nursing students. what would the instructor explain to the students is the connecting link between the nervous system and the endocrine system?

Answers

The connecting link between the endocrine and nervous system is a brain structure called hypothalamus. The hypothalamus is part of the limbic system and is located in the certain of the brain, close to the brain stem. It is a brain structure comprised of many different nuclei and is responsible for regulating many metabolic functions and processes of the autonomic nervous system.

The hypothalamus controls the pituitary glands and the release of hormones from the endocrine system. It is responsible for the regulation of basic needs such as hunger, sleep, thirst, and stress and emotional responses.

_____ is the correct cpt code for a cholecystectomy using a right subcostal incision for exploration of common duct, with choledochoenterostomy.

Answers

 47612

A current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code is a medical code that describes or emphasize precisely on the service a health care provider has performed for a patient. CPT describes medical, surgical, and diagnostic services and it also help to pass uniform information about medical services among health workers and patients.






Final answer:

The correct CPT code for a cholecystectomy using a right subcostal incision for exploration of common duct, with choledochoenterostomy is 47760. This code signifies the cholecystectomy is performed with an exploration of common duct and a choledochoenterostomy.

Explanation:

The CPT (Current Procedural Terminology) code that matches the description of a cholecystectomy via a right subcostal incision for exploration of the common duct with a choledochoenterostomy is 47760. This code signifies that the cholecystectomy is performed with an exploration of the common duct, and a choledochoenterostomy, which refers to the surgical creation of a connection between the common bile duct and a part of the digestive tract.

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A scientist wants to create a florescent ornamental fish. He needs fluorescence similar to that of a firefly. Which of the send processes would help him create this fish?

Answers

A scientist wants to create a florescent ornamental fish. He needs fluorescence similar to that of a firefly. Which of the send processes would help him create this fish?
The correct answer is transformation of the DNA of a fish using a fluoroscent gene from a firefly. In order to do so, he would have to use the gene of the firefly as a reference in order to transform the DNA of a fish.

Which best describes a benefit of using DNA technology in medicine?

Answers

DNA technology contributes to personalized medicine by enabling treatments tailored to an individual's genetics, thereby revolutionizing drug dosing through pharmacogenomics. It facilitates early diagnosis and intervention for hereditary diseases and accelerates the drug discovery process by identifying disease-specific genetic targets.

One of the key benefits of using DNA technology in medicine is the potential for personalized medicine. With the sequence of DNA bases known, it becomes possible to tailor treatments to an individual's genetic makeup. This approach enhances the effectiveness of medications and reduces the risk of adverse drug reactions. For instance, pharmacogenomics, a field born from DNA technology, examines how genetic variations affect an individual's response to drugs, allowing for more precise and effective dosing. Additionally, DNA technology aids in the early diagnosis of hereditary diseases, potentially even before symptoms present, enabling prompt interventions. Another application of such technology is the discovery of novel drugs, which is made more efficient as researchers target specific genes and proteins involved in diseases.

Genomic knowledge is also very helpful for diagnosing various conditions, such as different types of cancer, cystic fibrosis, and Alzheimer's disease among others, by identifying linked mutations. Furthermore, the production of human insulin via recombinant DNA methods and the potential for gene therapy are examples of how DNA technology has already impacted medicine significantly. The Human Genome Project, in particular, has played a pivotal role in various medical advancements by providing comprehensive knowledge of the human genetic code.

Number of chromosomes in gametes when meiosis occurs normally

Answers

Gametes will have half the number of chromosomes as the original cell.

identify one factor that could affect which color trait is selected for in a particular environment

Answers

Natural Selection would be one factor.

The proteins necessary for life are assembled by the ribosomes of cells. These proteins include enzymes, which are proteins that can reduce the activation energy needed for certain chemical reactions. One very important role that enzymes play in eukaryotic cells is to allow energy production to occur by catalyzing the chemical reactions involved in cellular respiration.

Suppose an enzyme that is involved in cellular respiration is assembled by a ribosome. Where will this enzyme need to be transported in order to perform its function?
 A. to the nucleus B. to a chloroplast C. to a vacuole D. to a mitochondrion

Answers

The correct answer is D. to a mitochondrion.
Cellular respiration is a four-stage process where a glucose molecule is gradually broken down into CO2 and H2O and some ATP is produced. The steps are:
1: Glycolysis- It occurs in the cytosol, glucose is Broken down into two molecules of pyruvate, ATP is made, and NAD+ is converted to NADH.
2. Transition Reaction-Pyruvate is shuttled into the mitochondria and converted to Acetyl CoA for further break down pyruvate oxidation).
3. The Krebs Cycle, or Citric Acid Cycle- Occurs at the mitochondrial matrix. The acetyl CoA goes through a cycle of reactions and as a result, ATP, NADH  and FADH2 are produced, CO2 is released.
4.The Electron Transport Chain-Occursin the inner membrane of mitochondria, The NADH and FADH2 which are made in other steps deposit their electrons in the electron transport chain, (becoming NAD and FAD). As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump H+ out of the matrix, forming a gradient for further ATP production (oxidative phosphorilation). 

Final answer:

Enzymes involved in cellular respiration need to be transported D. to a mitochondrion to fulfill their role in ATP production.

Explanation:

An enzyme that is involved in cellular respiration will need to be transported to the mitochondrion to perform its function. This is because the mitochondria are known as the "powerhouses" of eukaryotic cells, responsible for producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the cell's main energy-carrying molecule. Cellular respiration occurs within the mitochondria where substrates are broken down to produce ATP. Proteins synthesized by ribosomes that are destined for the mitochondria are shuttled to these organelles post-translation. Ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum generally produce proteins that are meant for the cell membrane, but some proteins, particularly those involved in cellular respiration, are directed to the mitochondria where they execute their enzymatic functions.

15) Which type of molecule makes up the double layer of a cell membrane? A) carbohydrate B) lipid C) nucleic acid D) protein

Answers

Answer:

B) lipid is the correct answer.

Explanation:

The cell is made up of a bilayer of phospholipids which is a type of lipid.

Phospholipids are the abundant kind of lipid located in the cell membrane.

The lipid double layer is a common component of all cell membranes.

 It is composed of two components, a hydrophilic head, and a hydrophobic tail.

The hydrophilic head is composed of phosphate and glycerol.

The hydrophobic tail is composed of fatty acids.

Thus lipid type of molecule makes up the double layer of a cell membrane.

Answer:

c llipids

Explanation:

What macromolecule makes up the double layer of cell membranes?

What macromolecule makes up the double layer of cell membranes?

Proteins

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Nucleic Acids

occurs when earth shadow falls on the moon

Answers

This is called a lunar eclipse.

Which modern human population exhibits the greatest genetic diversity today?

Answers

Sub-saharan Africans

How many calories in chili cheese fries from doublez?

Answers

A doublez chili cheese fries have 850 calories

The percentage of calories will be added in chili cheese fries from doublez is 850 calories.

What is unhealthy weight gain?

Unhealthy weight gain has been defined as due to wrong eating habits or unusual eating habit the weight of the body has been increased unnecessarily and this will lead to condition of the obesity and the condition has been known as the unhealthy weight gain.

The weight gain of the body which has been achieved by eating unhealthy food and not doing any physical activity has been termed as unhealthy weight gain. Therefore the benefit of a healthy lifestyle best applies to teens are they improved their self esteem.

Vegetarian person play a vital role in the maintainance of the food chain of an ecosystem. Vegetarian person always have low density-lipoprotein cholesterol level, lowers blood pressure and lower rates of hypertension and type 2 diabetes as compared to non-vegetarian person.

Therefore, The percentage of calories will be added in chili cheese fries from doublez is 850 calories.

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How do wetlands abiotically help to protect the water quality of a marine ecosystem? They cause areas to flood into larger water bodies. They cause the water to be filled with tannins. They filter sediments and other material from runoff. They prevent water from being stored in their areas.

Answers

wetlands act as natural water purifies, filtering sediment and absorbing many pollutants in surface waters.

Answer: They filter sediments and other material from runoff.

Explanation:

A piece of land covered by water is known as a wetland. Some examples are marshes, ponds, deltas etc.The wetlands abiotically help them to protect the water quality of the marine ecosystem by filtering the sediments that are present in the surface runoff as well as by absorbing many of the harmful pollutants present in it. In this way, they prevent them from reaching the marine water bodies. Thus, the wetlands act as nature's cleansers or filters.

Describe the origin of despositional features: spit, bay barrier, tombolo and barrier island

Answers

I just want to let ya know guys and all

True or false experience does not influence brain development

Answers

experience does because if you do something then you will learn and remember how to do it

Tricyclic antidepressants appear to work by blocking the reuptake of

Answers

Tricyclic antidepressants appear to work by blocking the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. As a result, the levels of these two neurotransmitters in the brain are increased. Tricyclic antidepressants are usually used to treat depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Because of their side effects, they have been largely replaced in clinical use in by newer antidepressants.

What do minerals of the granulite facies typically have in common? what mineral is diagnostic of the blueschist facies in mafic rocks? what mineral's absence is diagnostic of the eclogite facies in mafic rocks? why is it missing, and what replaces it?

Answers

They have carbonate. The carbonate is the disagnostic. it is absense and replaced with nitric acid.

All cells contain a phosphate buffer system within their internal fluid to help maintain a constant pH. This system can be summarized by the following chemical equation: H2PO4- (aq) H+ (aq) + HPO4-2 (aq) This system mostly contributes to which of the following cellular activities?
A.
maintaining homeostasis
B.
reproduction
C.
acquiring energy
D.
natural selection

Answers

Maintaining homeostasis.

The phosphate buffer system is essential for maintaining homeostasis by regulating the pH within cells, ensuring optimal functioning of the body.

The phosphate buffer system within cells plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating the acid-base balance and ensuring a stable internal pH. The chemical equation H₂PO₄₋ (aq) H+ (aq) + HPO4₂₋ (aq) represents this buffer system, which is more active intracellularly and maintains a pH of 6.86. It is essential for proper physiological functioning, as it prevents a radical change in fluid pH by absorbing excess hydrogen or hydroxyl ions. This system is particularly vital since all body cells depend on a tightly regulated pH level to function correctly.

Why is the base of an energy pyramid wider than the top? *

A. There are usually many more producers than top predators in an ecosystem.

B. Only a small portion of energy can be passed from a lower level to the level above it.

C. Both A and B are true.

D. Neither A nor B is true.

Answers

c is the correct answer

The base of energy pyramid is wider than the top as there are usually many more producers than top predators in an ecosystem and also only a small portion of energy can be passed from a lower level to the level above it. The correct option is C.

What is energy pyramid?

An energy pyramid, also recognized as a trophic or ecological pyramid, is a schematic illustration of the energy contained within an ecosystem's trophic levels.

The producers are at the bottom and largest level of the pyramid, and they contain the most energy.

Because there is less energy available to support those organisms, the number of organisms at each level decreases relative to the level below.

Because it contains the least amount of energy, the top level of an energy pyramid contains the fewest organisms.

Energy pyramids are always upright because energy is lost at each trophic level; an ecosystem that lacks sufficient primary productivity cannot exist.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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