Answer:
1. Tundra Biome, 2. Rainforest Biome, 3. Grassland Biome, 4. Taiga Biome, 5. Desert Biome, 6. Deciduous Forest Biome.
Explanation:
1. Tundra is known for arctic conditions, lying north of Taiga biome. There are large ranges in most climatic conditions here.
2. Found around the equator, variety of tropical animals and plants.
3. Vegetation is mostly grass, very flat land thus good for farming.
4. Also known as the Boreal forest biome. Much vegetation.
5. High evaporation rate, animals adapted to dry conditions.
6. Cold winters and warm summers, thus winter makes growing deciduous.
Answer:
1. Tundra
2. Savanna
3. Temperate grassland
4. Tropical rainforest
5. Desert
6. Temperate deciduous forest
Explanation:
1. Tundra: This is a biome where there are no trees due to the frozen components of the soil. They are located near the North Pole. Lichens and shrubs grow and survive in this biome.
2. Savanna: This is a biome that experience two weather seasons which are the Dry season and Wet season. The trees in a savanna are scattered and well spaced.
3. Temperate grassland: This is a biome that it's major vegetation are grasses. Trees or shrubs cannot be found in a Temperate grassland. The soils in a Temperate grassland are full of nutrients which is essential for plant growth.
4. Tropical rainforest: This is a rainforest that have tall trees and broad green leaves. The temperature in a tropical rainforest is warm and the atmosphere is moist. A tropical rainforest experiences a large amount of rainfall all through the year.
5. Desert: This is a place where there is no water. Plants find it very difficult to thrive in a biome. The weather is very hot and dry. Any plants that survives in a deserts has very thick cuticles which helps to prevent the loss of water from the plant by evaporation. Examples of such plants are Cactus.
6. Temperate deciduous forest: The leaves in a Temperate deciduous forest are very broad. The trees loose their leaves in a Temperate deciduous forest and also grow them back due to the changes in season such as Autumn, Spring, Winter, Summer.
In 1861, Pasteur conducted his now-famous experiments using flasks with long necks bent into an S-shape. Imagine that you are a scientist working in Pasteur’s lab at this time. You decide to tip the flasks so that broth enters the long S-shaped neck. You then return the flask to its upright position. Predict the most likely outcome of tipping one of Pasteur’s S-necked flasks.
Microbes would grow in the broth because the tipping would introduce the oxygen necessary for microbial growth.
The broth would become contaminated with microbes because they were trapped in the neck.
Since the broth had been heated (effectively sterilizing it), no microbes would grow in the broth.
The broth would remain uncontaminated because no microbes could enter the long S-shaped neck of the flask.
Answer:
The broth would become contaminated with microbes because they were trapped in the neck.
Explanation:
When Pasteur heat the bottles, he made them sterilizing, and as the water was condensed in one part of the S neck, it will act as a sealing mouth, so in this way no microorganism could enter. But at the same time is open at the end, so in this way, the air with microorganism could enter, an pollute the water in the middle. The clue here is that this polluted water is not in contact with the broth. If the flask is tip, the broth and the water will be in touch, in this way it will pollute the broth and microbes will grow.
Tipping a Pasteur swan-necked flask would likely lead to contamination of the sterile broth as trapped microbes in the neck would be introduced to the broth, highlighting that microorganisms come from other microorganisms, not spontaneously.
Explanation:In 1861, Louis Pasteur conducted experiments with S-shaped flasks that refuted the spontaneous generation theory. If you were to tip one of Pasteur’s swan-necked flasks so that the sterile broth enters the long S-shaped neck and then returned the flask to its upright position, the most likely outcome would be that the broth would become contaminated with microbes because they were trapped in the neck. The bending of the flask's neck was designed to trap airborne microorganisms and prevent them from entering the flask. Thus, tipping it would allow those trapped microbes to access the broth.
Initially, Pasteur’s experimental design used the unique shape of the flask's neck to allow air but prevent microbes from reaching the broth. When the swan neck was intact, even with the access to air, the broth remained sterile for months. However, as soon as the swan neck was broken, the broth quickly became turbid due to microbial growth, showing that microorganisms do not arise spontaneously but come from other microorganisms.
An organism's genetic information is stored in polymers of which type of macromolecule?
A carbohydrate
B nucleic acid
C lipid
D protein
Answer:
B. Nucleic acid
Explanation:
DNA and RNA
A scientist wishes to test a new antibiotic's ability to treat stubborn bacterial infections. He tests his hypothesis that the antibiotic works better than existing treatments by giving bacterial infections to mice and treating them with the antibiotic. He then determines how many of the mice recover from their infections. What is missing from his experimental design? :a. He is missing a control group of mice that received a half dose of the new antibiotic.b. He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.c. Nothing is missing he has done everything he needs to do for this to be a successful experiment
Answer:
b. He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.
Explanation:
He only has data that the antibiotic works, but not that it is more effective than existing treatments.
The correct answer is B. He is missing a control group of mice that did not receive the new antibiotic.
Explanation:
To test a hypothesis effectively especially if the scientist is manipulating or introducing one variable it is necessary to use one control and one experimental group. This means, in the case presented as the scientist is giving antibiotics to test their effectiveness to treat bacterial infections, he needs to include an experiment group which are the mice that had bacterial infections and are treated with the antibiotic and a control group that are mice that do not receive the antibiotic as without this the scientists might not know the real effect of the antibiotics. This means, in this case, he is missing the control group (Option B).
QUESTION 2
To neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain ____.
A)bases
B)H+ ions
C)hydronium ions
D)phenolphthalein
To neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain bases.
So A is the answer.
Answer:
To neutralize gastric juices in your stomach, antacids contain bases. Is the answer is option A.
Explanation:
The presence of hydrochloric acid inside the stomach makes the food very acidic and sometimes it is also considered to be as acidity in stomach. It can utilize this acidity of the food bases are required from outside of the body. For this work antacids are the best option to be used.
In antacid there is a presence of base which is helpful for making the acidic food neutralize for the further process. Milk of magnesia is very common example of antacid.
What do glaciers deposit that helps scientists study ancient climates?
plants that produce pollen grains
rocks formed from lava
sediment that contains fossils
animals that migrate
Answer: C. Sediment that contains fossils
Explanation:
Answer:
Sediment that contains fossils are the glaciers deposit that helps scientists study ancient climates. Hence the answer is option C.
Explanation:
Glaciers are the big ice formed due to the cold weather in Arctic ocean and Antarctic ocean. These are the huge mass and very old in age. Some of them are 1000 years old. The animal which used to live at that time got trapped in The glacier and got preserved.
The body is a deposited in sediments. When the archaeologist search those glacier the sediments which contains fossils are found and they are helpful for determining the animals and their lifestyle which was extinct many years back.
Phospholipids tend to group together so that their polar parts face the surrounding aqueous environment, while their hydrophobic tails face each other. The resulting structures are called _______.
Multiple Choice
a. steroids
b. micelles
c. ketones
d. round cells
Answer: b. micelles
Explanation:
Phospholipids are lipids that contain a polar part, which is hydrophilic (i.e. likes water) and a non-polar part, which is hydrophobic (i.e. dislikes water).
When phospholipids are in an aqueous environment they form a structure called micelle, in which the polar heads face the water molecules and surround the non-polar tails which remain on the inside. This way, the polar heads protect the hydrophobic chains from exposure to the aqueous environment.
I've attached an image of a micelle for better understanding of its structure.
The dog family is Canidae. Some well-known members of the dog family are the domestic dog, Canis familiaris; the coyote, Canis latrans; and the red fox, Vulpes fulva. If this classification represents phylogenetic relationships among the three species, we can conclude that the people who gave these animals these names concluded that __________.
a. domestic dogs evolved from coyotesb. domestic dogs and coyotes have a different ecological niche than foxesc. the common ancestor of coyotes and domestic dogs is more recent than the common ancestor of foxes and domestic dogsd. foxes are more closely related to dogs than they are to coyotes
Answer:
The correct answer is c. the common ancestor of coyotes and domestic dogs is more recent than the common ancestor of foxes and domestic dogs
Explanation:
The Canidae family includes foxes, wolves, coyotes, jackals, foxes, and domestic dogs. Both dogs and coyotes are evolved from ancient wolves and all three can interbreed to produce hybrids.
Dogs are evolved from gray wolves and then domesticated by humans. Humans did the selective breeding of dogs which resulted in artificial evolution of dogs.
Coyotes are evolved from eucyon which was a primitive wolf. Most scientists believe that C. lepophagus is the ancestor of wolves, coyotes, and dogs. Red fox can not interbreed with dogs, coyotes, and wolves that shows that it does not share a more recent ancestor with these three.
Therefore, the correct answer is c.
Which sentence best describes the function of nucleic acids?
1.They store extra organic compounds.
2.They store energy for later use by the body.
3. They carry information for building and maintaining structures.
4.They provide energy to cells.
Which joint in the human body has the widest range of movement?
Ball and Socket Joint
This type of joint allows for a wide range of rotation and movement. The shoulder and hip are ball and socket joints.
The ball-and-socket joint, such as the hip and shoulder joints, enables the widest range of movement in the human body.
Ball-and-Socket Joint: The joint with the greatest range of motion is the ball-and-socket joint. For example, the hip joint and the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint are ball-and-socket joints that allow extensive movement in different directions.
A red blood cell placed in a hypertonic solution will shrink in a process called crenation. A red blood cell placed in a hypotonic solution will swell and potentially burst in a process called hemolysis.
True / False.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
This process is called Chemiosmotic Theory.
Two different solutions with a semi-permeable barrier (it allows to pass throw just water or solute, not both) will try to get into equilibrium.
Then, if you allows to pass just water though the barrier, it will go from the solution with less solute to the solution with more solute, in order to reach the solution equilibrium.
A drug company is testing the effectiveness of a new blood pressure medicine using rats as the test subjects f) What is one factor that will be different between the experimental group and the control group?
Answer:
The factor that will be different between the experimental group and the control group is the independent variable.
Explanation:
Scientific experiments are conducted using control and/or experimental groups. The independent variable can be controlled and/or changed in an experiment so that the changes or effects it caused on the dependent variable can be tested. In an experimental group, the subjects are tested with the changes made in the independent variable; whereas, in a control group, the independent variable remains constant. Since the control group does not receive the independent test variable, the results of the experimental group are compared with that of the control group.
The formation of a cell plate is beginning across the middle of a cell and nuclei are re-forming at opposite ends of the cell. What kind of cell is this?
a. a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis
b. an animal cell in metaphase
c. an animal cell in telophase
d. a plant cell in metaphase
e. an animal cell undergoing cytokinesis
Answer:
a. a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis
Explanation:
Cytokinesis is the process where the cytoplasm divides after mitosis to form two different daughter cells from the parent cell. Animal cell divides by just a cleavage formation. Plant cells have an additional step of formation of cell plate because they have cell wall.
At the end of anaphase and beginning of telophase when the two new daughter nuclei have just formed, cell plat formation begins. Secretory vesicles from golgi body come at equator of the dividing parent cell. These vesicles release all the materials required for cell wall formation. The materials start to form the cell plate which moves outwards till it reaches the division site of parent cell wall. Slowly cell wall arises from cell plate and cytokinesis occurs giving rise to new plant cells.
The cell described is a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the final step in the cell cycle, where the cell physically divides. The presence of a forming cell plate and reforming nuclei are indicative of this process.
Explanation:Plant Cell Undergoing CytokinesisThe description provided fits with a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis. Cytokinesis is the physical division of a cell at the end of the cell cycle. In the process, the cell forms a structure known as a cell plate across the middle. This cell plate eventually grows and fuses with the cell wall to form two separate cells.
In animal cells, this process looks different, since animal cells lack a cell wall. Instead of a cell plate, they form a cleavage furrow which pinches the cell into two. The fact that this question mentions the formation of a cell plate suggests that we're dealing with a plant cell.
That the nuclei are reforming also indicates that the cell is in the later stages of cell division, specifically telophase or cytokinesis. Therefore, the correct answer is (a. a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis).
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Mendel’s Principle of Segregation states that the alleles of a gene will separate from one another during the formation of gametes. Consider the genotype Aa. How many different types of gametes will this individual produce?
Answer:
Two
Explanation:
When alleles pass through segregation hey get ripped apart from it's homologous to produce mono allele gametes.
To create a new organism, that mono allele gamete will associate with another mono allele gamete to greate a full cell.
In this case, if your complete cell has both alleles A, and a.
Could produce two single allele cells A or a.
An individual with genotype Aa will produce two types of gametes according to Mendel's Principle of Segregation. They are either 'A' or 'a', each representing one allele of the gene.
Explanation:According to Mendel’s Principle of Segregation, genotype Aa will make two different types of gametes during sexual reproduction.
These gametes have one of each allele for the gene, because the alleles separate during meiosis, the process that forms gametes. So, an individual with the Aa genotype will produce two types of gametes: one with the 'A' allele and one with the 'a' allele. This is due to the independent segregation of alleles for each gene during gamete formation.
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Darwin studied actual birds on the Galapagos
Islands instead of using a simulation, as you did in
this lab. Studying natural selection in the field can
be challenging. List at least three possible
challenges Darwin might have faced.
Answer:
Natural selection was proposed by Darwin.
Explanation:
He stated that when the limiting factor exist then different species of organism have to compete with each other and the species that is able to survive the competition stays and adapt themselves according to the condition.
Darwin studies natural selection in birds of Galapagos island. He must have faced difficulties and they are: complex environment is difficult to study, it may take longer to study different generations of a population and the birds may be dependent on other species that also might have evolved.
QUESTION 3
HCl is the formula for _____.
A)the hydronium ion
B)hydrochloric acid
C)hydrogen peroxide
D)sodium hydroxide
Answer:
HCl is known as hydrochloric acid. Hence the answer is option B.
Explanation:
Hydrochloric acid is an example of strong acid. This can be completely dissociates into aqua solution. It is also the very common acid used in chemical reactions. It is formed by the fusion of hydrogen atom and chlorine atom. This is formed due to the single substitution of ions.
The molecule has lower value of PH which indicates it as a very strong acid. This add acid is also present in our stomach. This side also helps in proper digestion of food and preservation of the food inside the stomach and it also close all the bacteria which are harmful for the human body
Genetic adaptation
a. occurs at the individual level throughout an individual’s lifetime.
b. occurs at the population level via natural selection.
c. involves using material culture to make living possible in certain settings.
d. occurs at the individual level during childhood.
Answer:
b. occurs at the population level via natural selection
Explanation: Genetic adaptation can be described as the change or adjustment in structure or habits by which a species becomes better able to function in its environment, occurring through the course of evolution by means of natural selection.
An example of genetic adaptation at a population level is the encouragement of bipedalism in humans.
The degree of adaptation that can occur in a population is limited by the amount and kind of genetic variation in a population. If a population is suited to adapt and survie in its habitat it will undergo very little genetic adaptaction (prime example is the cockroach). If a population on the other hand is not able to adapt to its habitats´circumstances the popuation will undergo genetic variation in order to survive and ensure the continuation of the species. ( prime example are the birds Darwin studied in the Galapagos Islands)
Animals show anatomical adaptations—e.g., the body of the fish is suited to life in the water; the body of the bird is adapted for flight; and the land mammals show a wide variation in the structure of limbs and body that enables some to run swiftly, some to climb, some to swing from tree to tree, some to glide through the air, and others to jump.
Many of the color varieties of summer squash are determined by several interacting loci: AA or Aa gives white, aaBB or aaBb gives yellow, and aabb produces green. Crosses among heterozygotes give a 12:3:1 ratio. What type of gene interaction would account for these results?
Answer:
A. epistasis
Explanation:
Many of the color varieties of summer squash are determined by several interacting loci: AA or Aa gives white, aaBB or aaBb gives yellow, and aabb produces green. Crosses among heterozygotes give a 12:3:1 ratio. Epistasis is the type of gene interaction that would account for these results.
Final answer:
The gene interaction leading to color variations in summer squash is an example of dominant epistasis, where one gene's dominant allele masks the expression of another gene. Resulting from a cross of WwYy individuals, this interaction gives a phenotypic ratio of 12 white, 3 yellow, and 1 green squash.
Explanation:
The type of gene interaction that accounts for the color varieties in summer squash as a result of several interacting loci, namely the A and B loci, is known as epistasis. Specifically, this is an instance of a dominant epistatic interaction, where the presence of a dominant allele at one locus masks the expression of alleles at a second locus. If the W gene has at least one dominant allele (AA or Aa), the squash will be white, which masks the effects of the Y gene alleles. When the W gene is homozygous recessive (aa), the color of the squash is then determined by the Y gene. If the Y gene is homozygous dominant or heterozygous (BB or Bb), the squash will be yellow, while the homozygous recessive combination of both genes (aabb) will yield a green squash. A typical heterozygous cross of WwYy individuals would thus result in a phenotypic ratio of 12 white : 3 yellow : 1 green squash.
Which of the following correctly matches the equilibrium receptor organs to the type of equilibrium it monitors?
a. maculae/dynamic
b. equilibrium maculae/static
c. equilibrium crista ampullaris/static
d. equilibrium saccule/dynamic equilibrium
Final answer:
The correct match for the equilibrium receptor organs to the type of equilibrium they monitor is maculae/dynamic. The maculae monitor dynamic equilibrium, while the crista ampullaris monitors static equilibrium. Option a is the correct match.
Explanation:
The correct match for the equilibrium receptor organs to the type of equilibrium they monitor is:
The maculae are receptor organs within the utricle and saccule that monitor dynamic equilibrium, which is the sense of linear acceleration and tilting of the head. The crista ampullaris within the semicircular canals monitors static equilibrium, which is the sense of head movement and rotation. Therefore, option a is the correct match.
You discover that the underlying cause of a disease is a protein that is now less stable than the non-disease-causing version of the protein. This change is most likely to be due to ________.
A. a mutation within a gene.
B. a mutation within the regulatory DNA of a gene.
C. gene duplication.
D. horizontal gene transfer.
Answer:
A. a mutation within a gene.
Explanation:
According to my research on studies conducted by geneticists, I can say that based on the information provided within the question that this change is most likely due to a mutation within a gene. Which is a permanent change in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene, causing it to be very different than the normal gene.
I hope this answered your question. If you have any more questions feel free to ask away at Brainly.
Photosynthesis is made up of both light-dependent and light-independent reactions. Identify the products of the light-dependent portion of photosynthesis. ADP, NADP+, and glucose ATP, NADPH, and oxygen NADP+, oxygen, and glucose Carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
The products of the light-dependent reactions in photosynthesis are ATP (adenosine triphosphate), NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), and oxygen. These components are created by converting absorbed solar energy into chemical energy, which are then used to fuel further reactions in photosynthesis.
Explanation:Photosynthesis, fundamental to life on Earth, occurs in two primary stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin Cycle). The question pertains to the products of the light-dependent reactions.
During the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll within the photosynthetic membranes. This process essentially converts light energy into chemical energy. This takes form as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate), often considered 'energy carriers'. Additionally, the light-dependent reactions also result in the creation of oxygen, a byproduct formed when water molecules are split to provide the electrons for photosynthesis.
Therefore, the correct answer is: ATP, NADPH, and Oxygen. These molecules then provide energy for the light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle), which lead to the production of glucose, a form of usable energy for plants.
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Which factor is not a characteristic of a mineral? a variable chemical composition crystalline structure that forms a geometric shape naturally occurring, inorganic substance always a solid; never a liquid or a gas
Answer:
A, a variable chemical composition
Explanation:
K12 Test this was the answer here
A variable chemical composition is not a characteristic of a mineral, which has a pre-established chemical composition and currently has a crystal structure.
Minerals are natural substances of inorganic origin, generally solid, that have a defined chemical composition.
Some of its characteristics are:
It is found in nature, that is, it is not manufactured.It has a fixed geometric structure, therefore it is solid.It is inorganic in nature.It has a fixed chemical composition, although, at times, it may contain a polluting substance that modifies its color.Luster, hardness and toughness are some of its properties.Therefore, we can conclude that a variable chemical composition is not a characteristic of a mineral.
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Active transport must function continuously because __________.a) plasma membranes wear outb) cells must be in constant motionc) facilitated transport opposes active transportd) diffusion is constantly moving the solutes in the other direction
Answer: Option D.
Explanation:
Active transport is defined as the transfer of molecules and other substances across a membrane from lower to higher concentration against the concentration gradient. Active transport utilizes Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) as a energy source for the continuous movement of molecule against its concentration gradient.
Active transport function continuously because constant process of diffusion allows the movement of solutes in other direction.
For example cells are having higher concentrations of potassium (K+) and lower concentrations of sodium (Na+) in comparison to extracellular fluid. concentration gradient supports diffusion of Na+ ion into the cells and diffusion of K+ out of the cell. In such manner other small substances like glucose and amino acid constantly move across the plasma membranes and maintains concentrations of ions and other substances required for the body.
Hence, the correct option D.
In the anatomical position, the body is standing erect with the feet flat on the floor, face and eyes facing forward, and arms at the sides with the palms facing forward. Which of the following best describes the anatomical position? Select one:
A. Right and left are reversed.
B. Toes and palms are anterior.
C. Toes and palms are posterior.
D. The head is inferior to the abdomen.
E. The transverse plane divides the body into right and left portions.
Answer:
B. Toes and palms are anterior.
Explanation:
In an anatomical position, directional terms are used to describe the position of the body parts with respect to each other. Anterior, also referred to as ventral position, means the specific body part is at the front of the body or facing forward.
According to the given position of the standing body, palms are facing forward making them anterior in position. The body is standing on the floor with flat feet which means that the toes of the feet are also facing forward.
This makes both toes and palms of the given standing body to be anterior in their position.
In the anatomical position, the body is upright with eyes facing forward and arms at the sides, palms and feet facing forward. In this stance, it is accurate to say that the toes and palms are anterior (facing to the front of the body), not posterior (facing toward the back of the body).
Explanation:In the anatomical position, the body is positioned in the upright posture with the feet flat on the floor. The face and eyes facing forward and arms are positioned at the sides, with palms turned so they are facing forward as well. In this stance, it is most accurate to say that the toes and palms are anterior (B).
Anterior refers to the front of the body or positioned nearer to the head. Therefore, when standing in anatomical position, the palms and toes are indeed anterior, as they are oriented toward the front. The term posterior, on the other hand, refers to the back of the body or something further away from the head. So, in anatomical position, the palms and toes are not posterior.
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which of the following statements is true about the normal functioning of an enzyme? A. The substrate can bind in any location on the enzyme. B. Enzymes store molecules for later use. C. Temperature effects the activity of an enzyme. D. Enzymes can be used with any substrate.
Among the given options, only 'Temperature effects the activity of an enzyme' is true about the normal functioning of an enzyme. An enzyme cannot bind with just any substrate or store molecules. Such molecules have active sites for specific substrates, which according to 'lock-and-key' or 'induced fit' models, aid in biochemical reactions.
Explanation:The correct statement about the normal functioning of an enzyme is 'C. Temperature effects the activity of an enzyme'. Enzyme molecules possess a unique region known as the active site to which they bind with a specific substrate, adhering to lock-and-key or induced fit hypothesis models. This explains why enzymes cannot be used with any substrate, refuting options A and D.
Moreover, enzymes do not store molecules; they aide in various biochemical reactions. The activity of an enzyme can indeed be influenced by temperature; they optimally work within a certain temperature range. High temperatures can lead to denaturation of enzymes, affecting their shape and functionality. Therefore, statement C is the correct one.
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Consider the following events of photosynthesis. 1. Light energy excites electrons. 2. Water molecules are split. 3. NADPH is formed. In which locations do each of these events occur? 1. photosystem II 2. photosystem I 3. photosystem I 1. photosystem II 2. photosystem II 3. photosystem I 1. photosystem I 2. photosystem I 3. photosystem II 1. photosystem I 2. photosystem II 3. photosystem II
Answer: Option B. 1. photosystem II 2. photosystem II 3. photosystem I
Explanation:
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food in the presence of light utilizing carbon dioxide and water. this process occurs in chloroplast which contains green pigments called chlorophyll.
Photosystem are defined as the cluster of chlorophyll pigments found on the thylakoid membrane ( in chloroplast) which functions to collect energy and concentrate it to reaction center which further uses the energy to excite electrons and pass on to enzymes.
Photosystem II absorbs light and energy which allows the excitation of electrons and creates an electron deficiency in Photosystem II. the deficiency filled by Z protein which contain manganese that stimulates splitting of two water molecules.
NADPH formation takes place in Photosystem I. Photosystem I accepts energy from light which excites an electron and passed on to an electron acceptor called FeS. FeS then passes its e- to Ferrodoxin which donates its electron to NADP+ reductase. NADP+ reductase donates electron to NADP+ and add a proton to form NADPH to get stabilized.
Hence, the correct option is B.
Why are plants in the alpine biome typically low growing? a. They have limited access to nutrients. b. They have limited access to sunlight. c. They have too much access to water. d. The have access to nutrient-rich soil. Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D
Answer:
B. They have limited access to nutrients.
Explanation:
Although different factors affect plant growth at high altitudes such us, higher U.V radiation, temperature and harsh winds. Depending on its location alpine biome has shallow soils that cannot support the growth of big trees. Another factor could be the run off caused by rain which ends up washing top soil nutrients limiting its availability and hence plant growth.
Also cold temperatures slow down decomposition procees limiting nutrients.
Plants in the alpine biome are typically low growing because they have limited access to sunlight.
Answer: B. They have limited access to sunlight.
Explanation:
Alpine biomes are described by cool temperatures, plentiful breeze and moderately low precipitation. This biome is home to just around 200 plant species, as their dynamic conditions are not good for plant development.
These areas are described by cold and blustery conditions as well as harsh daylight. Additionally, there's an insignificant stock of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis at high elevations.
For instance - The Himalayas, The Scottish Highlands, The Caucasus Mountains have alpine biome.
What are the atoms that make up carbohydrates
Answer:
All carbohydrates, including sugar, contain the same three elements: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Different arrangements of these elements form single units to make different types of carbohydrates.
Carbon and hydrogen
A chef sprays antimicrobial cleaner on her counter top. At first the bacterial population declines significantly. However, even though she continues to spray in the following weeks, the number of bacteria begins to increase again. Why did this happen?
Answer:
Bacteria resistance
Explanation:
The antimicrobial cleaner contained certain product which most bacteria living on the counter top were sensitive to. This means, the product was effective and killed most of them. This is why the population declines significantly.
Yet, a few bacteria were already resistant to this product. This happens because of variability in their genome. Some bacteria have mutations in their DNA that confers them this advantage, by chance.
This few resistant bacteria will slowly start to grow again, while the chef continues to spray them, and therefore keeps selecting the resistant ones allowing their population to increase again.
Biosynthesis of many molecules in cells, and many modifications of macromolecules like proteins, RNA, and DNA require addition of single carbons. What is/are the major carrier/s of single carbons in cells?
a) S-adenosylmethionine
b) Acetyl CoA
c) Tetrahydrofolate
d) a and b
e) a and c
Answer:
The correct answer is option e) "a and c".
Explanation:
Single carbons are atoms needed for the biosynthesis of many molecules in cells, therefore the cells need a pathway to move group of atoms containing single carbons to make them available for the biosynthesis. S-adenosylmethionine and Tetrahydrofolate are two of the major carriers of single carbons in cells. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) acts as a methyl (-CH3) donor and Tetrahydrofolate (THF) as a cofactor in enzymatic reactions.
What do the four major groups of organic compounds all have in common?
A They all contain carbon.
B They all contain nitrogen.
C They all contain water.
D They all contain carbon dioxide.
Answer:
A. They all contain carbon.
Explanation:
CHO,CHO,CHON, CHONPcarbohydrates- Carbon,Hydrogen, Oxygen 1:2:1
Lipids- Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
Protein- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and nitrogen
Nucleic Acid- Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorous
All four major groups of organic compounds - carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids - contain carbon.
Explanation:The four major groups of organic compounds, which are carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, all have one thing in common - they all contain carbon. This is because organic compounds are defined by their carbon-based structures. Carbon atoms are unique because they can form stable bonds with many elements, including themselves, which allows for the complex structures of organic compounds. Therefore, the answer is A - all major groups of organic compounds contain carbon.
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