why would having both polar and nonpolar properties in a protective boundary be advantageous for the cell?
Explanation:
The polar nature of the membrane’s surface can attract polar molecules, where they can later be transported through various mechanisms. Also, the non-polar region of the membrane allows for the movement of small non-polar molecules across the membrane’s interior, while preventing the movement of polar molecules, thus maintaining the cell’s composition of solutes and other substances by limiting their movement.
Further explanation:
Lipids are composed of fatty acids which form the hydrophobic tail and glycerol which forms the hydrophilic head; glycerol is a 3-Carbon alcohol which is water soluble, while the fatty acid tail is a long chain hydrocarbon (hydrogens attached to a carbon backbone) with up to 36 carbons. Their polarity or arrangement can give these non-polar macromolecules hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties i.e. they are amphiphilic. Via diffusion, small water molecules can move across the phospholipid bilayer acts as a semi-permeable membrane into the extracellular fluid or the cytoplasm which are both hydrophilic and contain large concentrations of polar water molecules or other water-soluble compounds.
Similarly via osmosis, the water passes through the membrane due to the difference in osmotic pressure on either side of the phospholipid bilayer, this means that the water moves from regions of high osmotic pressure/concentration to regions of low pressure/ concentration to a steady state.
Transmembrane proteins are embedded within the membrane from the extracellular fluid to the cytoplasm, and are sometimes attached to glycoproteins (proteins attached to carbohydrates) which function as cell surface markers. Carrier proteins and channel proteins are the two major classes of membrane transport proteins; these allow large molecules called solutes (including essential biomolecules) to cross the membrane.
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Earth is home to more than 20 million kinds of organisms, and all have DNA
made up of only four types of nucleotides. The bodies of each kind of
organism grow and function according to instructions in their DNA. How can
birds and dogs both use instructions in DNA to grow and function and still be
different organisms?
O
A. Their nucleotide bases have different effects on cells.
O
B. Their DNA molecules have different numbers of strands.
C. Their DNA molecules have different sugars.
O
D
Their nucleotide bases are in different sequences.
Answer:B. Their DNA molecules have different numbers of strands.
Explanation:that is chromosome that make them to differ in diploid numbers thus differ generally and appear differently
Metabolic pathways _____.
Metabolic pathways involve a series of biochemical reactions converting substrates to final products through anabolic and catabolic pathways.
Metabolic pathways are a series of sequential biochemical reactions that convert a substrate molecule through a series of metabolic intermediates to yield a final product. Anabolic pathways build complex molecules from simpler ones, requiring energy, while catabolic pathways break down complex molecules into simpler ones, producing energy. This balance between building (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) constitutes metabolism.
to keep the right amount of salt in its body the seahorse has to get rid of extra salt using a process that takes energy what process does it most likely use?
Endocytosis
Active transport
Passive transport
Diffusion
Answer: Active transport
Explanation: Active transport is a process of transferring materials with the expenditure of energy
Answer: Active transport
Explanation:
The movement of the ions like Nacl requires energy to move across the membrane. This is so because the movement of the ions is taking place from a region of lower concentration to higher concentration.
When the movement of the particles takes place opposite the gradient then the process requires energy.
The movement of the salt outside from the inside of the sea horse is an example of active transport.
Question 7 of 10
5 Points
Temperature and pressure combine to keep the outer core in a
state,
O
A. liquid
O
B. solid
O
C. gaseous
O
D. plasma
SUBMIT
Answer: liquid
Explanation:
Which of these would BEST describe what would happen to a cell in a time of low nutrient supply?
The cell's growth would speed up significantly, leading to longer periods of
time between cell division
The cell's growth would slow down significantly, leading to longer periods
of time between cell division
The cell's growth would speed up significantly, leading to shorter periods
of time between cell division
The cell's growth would slow down significantly, leading to shorter periods
of time between cell division
Answer:
The correct answer is B.
Explanation:
The cell's growth would slow down significantly, leading to longer periods
of time between cell division
Answer:
The cell's growth would slow down significantly, leading to longer periods of time between cell division .
Explanation:
Cell division occurs in two ways: meiosis and mitosis. Regardless of the form, the celual division always begins in a process called prophase. This process is essential for determining the speed of cell growth and the length of time that cell divisions will occur. This is because in this process the cell prepares to start cell division, in this process, the cell needs to absorb nutrients, water and energy that will be used during the process. If the cell is in an environment full of nutrients and water, it will grow faster and the time between cell divisions will be shorter. However, if the amount of nutrients and water is limited, the cell will take time to get the required amount, which will slow down its growth and increase the time between cell divisions.
proteins are made of _________ and the sequence of these determine how the protein will fold up and take shape, which ultimately determines its function
A ) lipids
B ) amino acids
C ) nucleotides
D ) monosaccharides
Answer:
B ) amino acids
Explanation:
B ) amino acids,
Answer:
B. amino acids
Explanation:
Because anything made up of small building blocks is called Amino acid.
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Which statements describe how maps represent Earth's surface? Check all that apply.
They show all or part of Earth.
They have a three-dimencional eurface
They show all or part of earth.
Explanation:
Maps are the pictorial representation of earth. The people who draw maps are called cartographers and the maps are represented usually as 2D images. A map of earth gives an idea about the differences in sizes of the countries of the world and various geographical features.
A map usually uses a scale which gives an idea about the relationship between distances on the map and actual distance on earth. Scales can be of different types like verbal scale, representative fraction, graphic scale etc.
Answer:
They show all or part of Earth.
They use symbols to represent land features.
They correspond to distances on Earth using a scale.
Explanation:
I was just on this question and this is what I got for my work.
As the number of rabbits in a community goes up the number foxes in the same community goes up this is an example of what type of relationship a direct be in direct c cyclic d non-related
Answer:
As the number of rabbits in a community goes up the number foxes in the same community goes up. This is an example of a (A) Direct type of relationship
Explanation:
The relationship between a fox and a rabbit is a predator-prey relationship. In this kind of relationship, the predator eats the prey, i.e., one is hunted by the other. Other examples of such kind of relationship are zebra and lion, bear and fish where predator eats the prey.
Thus, if the count of rabbits in a community will increase more food will be available for the foxes. If they eat more food, they will grow better and hence their population would also increase. They have a direct connection.
What percentage of earths water is unusable fresh water
Answer: All the water on Earth, more than 99 percent of Earth's water is unusable by humans and many other living things - only about 0.3 percent of our fresh water is found in the surface water of lakes, rivers and swamps.
Answer:
Q) What percentage of Earth’s water is fresh water?
The answer is 3 percent
Explanation:
According to the phylogeny tree, which phylum of organisms are most closely related to chordates?
Answer:
Echinodermata
Explanation:
Plato Answer
- what is the DNA sequence
Answer:
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is used to determine the order of the four bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine.
Answer:
A DNA sequence is the sequence of nucleotide bases stored in the nucleus of the cell. There are four different nucleotides, ATCG, which can be combined in various combinations and sequences to code for proteins needed to perform other functions in the cell.
What steps occur during interphase that prepare a cell for division?
Answer:
during interphase the celll grows (G1) replicates the dna( S) and prepares for mitosis(G2)
as the mass of an object increases, so does its gravitational force. true or false
Answer:
false
Explanation:
Gravitational force has to do with the weight if the body
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The force that pulls other objects in will increase, but when it is being pulled towards something else, it will move slower and will need more force to be moved than something half it's size
A biology student wanted to study how the amount of light affects the growth of aquatic plants over the course of a week. She set up two tanks with four plants in each. Both tanks were identical in every way except for the amount of light provided.
What is one thing the student could do to improve the accuracy of her results?
Answer:Use a greater number of plants
Explanation:
A biology student wanting to study how the amount of light affects the growth of aquatic plants over the course of a week should opt for plants that have higher growth rate and choose more number of plants.
What are aquatic plants ?These are the plants which grow in water and these are accompanied by the water as their habitat.
Watery plants have thick cuticle covering on their plants where the waxy covering on their part help to minimise the damage they can cause to plants.
Ensuring that all the plants should get equal amount of light along with equal amount of nutrition along with equal conditions without any change in the experiment setup.
Taking up more number of plants will help to record in more and have a maximum of result without any much of exceptions. These kind of instructions will help the student in fetching up the positive result.
Therefore, It is wiser to give equal conditions to the plant along with more number of plants to be taken.
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Write the main sources of land
pollution and describe anytwo of them
Answer:
Basically land pollution is caused due to urbanization, mining, industrialization, landfill and improper waste disposal of agricultural chemicals . Major chemicals responsible are pesticides, lead, heavy metals, petroleum hydrocarbon etc.
Explanation:
Mining:
This creates large holes in the ground which in a long run causes soil erosion. Mining also removes the topsoil making teh soil barren land.It also releases harmful chemicals that contaminates the air and soil.
Industrialization:
The waste from the industry contains heavy metals in it. Which pollutes the urban soil as well as the cropland. Among all lead is most toxic that causes major part of land pollution.Also the chemicals makes the land infertile for making cultivation in it.
Main sources of land pollution are fertilizer use, overflowing landfills, deforestation, nuclear waste etc.
Explanation:
Land pollution is less visible when compared with water pollution but the effects of it are fatal. Several factors cause land pollution. In order to increase productivity agricultural sector uses chemical fertilizers and pesticides.
These chemicals remain in the soil and the soil gets depleted of its fertility and the soil gets poisoned. These chemicals may also get washed into nearby water sources polluting the water body as well. Overflowing landfills are also a major cause of land pollution.
It is not always possible to recycle all the waste generated. The waste that is dumped in landfills causes land pollution.
The electron transport chain uses the energy stored in high energy electrons to pump H+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Why?
Explanation:
For ATP production in the electron transport chain.
a H+ concentration gradient is required for oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain of the mitochondria, and thus the production of ATP the H+ ion gradient must favor the flow of electrons into the matrix of the mitochondriaHydrogen atoms contain 1 proton and 1 electron while being devoid of neutrons. When they lose their electron they form an ion or H+, a particle carrying a unit of positive charge. At the mitochondrial membrane, the outer membrane freely allows for the passage of H+ while the inner membrane does not. Mitochondria require H+ concentration gradients to produce ATP; i.e. high concentrations of of H+ in the intermembrane space and low H+ within the mitochondrial matrix.
The H+ being pumped outside the mitochondrial matrix leads to increased H+ within the intermembrane space, due to its high permeability. This forms a gradient where there is a differential in the number of protons on either side of the membrane the protons flow or re-enter the matrix through the enzyme ATP synthase, which makes the energy storage molecules of ATP from the reduction of ADP and inorganic phosphate, Pi.
Further Explanation:
During respiration in the mitochondria, oxidative phosphorylation occurs. This describes a process in which the NADH and FADH2 made in previous steps of respiration process give up electrons in the electron transport chain these are converted it to their previous forms, NADH+ and FAD. Electrons continue to move down the chain the energy they release is used in pumping protons out of the matrix of the mitochondria.
This forms a gradient where there is a differential in the number of protons on either side of the membrane the protons flow or re-enter the matrix through the enzyme ATP synthase, which makes the energy storage molecules of ATP from the reduction of ADP. At the end of the electron transport, three molecules of oxygen accept electrons and protons to form molecules of water.
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Final answer:
The electron transport chain pumps H+ ions across the mitochondrial membrane using energy from high-energy electrons, creating an electrochemical gradient used to drive ATP synthesis through a process called chemiosmosis.
Explanation:
The electron transport chain in mitochondria plays a pivotal role in cellular respiration by using the energy from high-energy electrons to pump H+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This process creates an electrochemical gradient, which is essential for ATP synthesis. High-energy electrons are donated by NADH and FADH2 and move through a series of protein complexes within the inner membrane. As electrons pass through the electron transport chain, they go from a higher to a lower energy state, which releases energy used to transport H+ ions against their concentration gradient from the mitochondrial matrix to the intermembrane space.
The accumulation of H+ ions in the intermembrane space generates a significant electrochemical gradient, comparable to water pressure behind a dam. This gradient represents stored energy that, when released through ATP synthase, an integral membrane protein complex, drives the synthesis of ATP. This diffusion of H+ through ATP synthase down their concentration gradient and the associated production of ATP is known as chemiosmosis.
what strain of bacteria enters normal epithelial cells most easily
Answer:
Ty2 strain present in the Salmonella typhi bacteria can easily enter into the epithelial cells.
Explanation:
This is the bacteria that causes the typhoid fever in humans. This disease affects greater than 21 million people worldwide annually. On severe cases it leads to death of the patient. The penetration into epithelium cell is one among the essential part in its parthenogenesis. Previous interaction of the bacteria along with the epithelial cell are much necessary before its invasion. The expression involves the adhesins and fimbria.
what can you infer about how cell division in a normal cell compares to cell division in cancerous cells?
Answer AND Explanation:
NORMAL CELLS CANCEROUS CELLS
Undergo apoptosis Evade apoptosisControlled cell division Uncontrolled cell division and self sufficiency in growth signalsSensitive to growth signals Insensitivity to antigrowth signalsThey do not form other blood vessels Sustained angiogenesisThey are non-metastatic Invade local tissue and spread to distant sitesWhich of the following was NOT a weakness of the Articles of Confederation?
Othere is only one branch
there was no way to m
e laws:
there was no way to enforce laws
Congress had no power to levy and collect taxes.
Final answer:
One of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation was that Congress had no power to levy and collect taxes.
Explanation:
One of the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation was that Congress had no power to levy and collect taxes. While Congress had the authority to coin and borrow money, it did not have the power to impose taxes on the states or collect revenue. This limitation made it difficult for the national government to fund its operations and fulfill its responsibilities.
1. There was just a single branch: There was only one branch of government because the Articles of Confederation established a unicameral legislature known as the Congress. This absence of partition of abilities was a shortcoming since it focused an excess of force in one body.
2. It was impossible to make laws: This is an inadequate choice. It appears to allude to the way that under the Articles of Confederation, Congress had the ability to make regulations, however it missing the mark on ability to successfully uphold them. This shortcoming made it challenging to lay out and keep up with the rule of law all through the country.
3. Laws could not be enforced: As previously stated, Congress lacked the authority to enforce its laws. This shortcoming brought about an absence of power and prompted a breakdown in policing, it trying to keep everything under control and resolve questions.
4. Congress lacked the authority to impose and collect taxes: This is a substantial shortcoming of the Articles of Confederation. The focal government missing the mark on power to force and gather charges from the states. This restricted the public authority's capacity to raise income and asset its tasks actually.
Congress's inability to levy and collect taxes was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation; the power to maintain an army was not a weakness.
Explanation:Weaknesses of the Articles of ConfederationAmong the various limitations of the Articles of Confederation, the inability of Congress to levy and collect taxes was a major weakness. The Articles only allowed Congress to request money from states, rather than impose taxes directly. Moreover, without the power to enforce laws, the federal government under the Articles had to rely on the states to execute its decisions, often leading to inefficiency and lack of uniformity. However, contrary to the given options, Congress did have the ability to create and maintain an army and a navy, regulate trade and commerce with foreign nations and among the states, declare war, and conduct foreign relations, which was not a weakness as implied by one of the choices. The national government's significant lack of enforcement powers and its inability to impose taxes made governing difficult and were rectified in the subsequent U.S. Constitution.
Therefore, the statement implying that Congress had no power to levy and collect taxes is NOT a weakness of the Articles of Confederation, but in fact, it was a prominent weakness that the national government faced during that time.
4. A friend says cells do nothing during
interphase. Do you agree or disagree?
Explain why.
Answer:
Disagree
Explanation:
During interphase, the cell copies its DNA in preparation for mitosis.
it spends its whole life doing this.
The diagram depicts the process of crossing over, which occurs between homologous chromosomes during gamete formation.
What is the result of this process
Answer:
1) An increase in offspring variation
Explanation:
One of the key feature of meiosis is the crossing over that allows exchange of genes among homologous chromosomes coming from both parents (mother and father). This process is very crucial and also the foundation of evolution because it increases the genetic diversity in the offsprings and helps them survive better in changing environmental conditions. The more distant parents will have children with more diverse genetic material as compared to those who are less distant (e.g. first cousins).
This is also the reason that first cousin marriages results into genetic diseases in offsprings. However, when the parents belong to two different ethnicities, it is almost impossible that they their children will have genetic diseases.
What best explains why offspring produced by the same parents do not typically have the same phenotype
Answer:
Because each parent has at least two genes to every phenotype so, in case they have one child there would be 4 possible phenotypes for each gene. A gene express the shape of your ear, the color of your eyes, how tall will you be etc.
Which type of molecule will require energy to cross the cell membrane? Question 3 options: A) carbon dioxide B) Na+ C) nonpolar molecules D) oxygen
Answer:
B) Na+
Explanation: Na+ molecule is polar, oxygen and carbon dioxide are nonpolar molecules. The cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer made up of lipid molecules with polar and nonpolar ends. Since it is a bilayer, two phospholipid layers are arranged, one on the other in such a way that one faces the back of the other. The non polar ends are away from outside and inside of the cell, while the polar ends faces towards all the molecules inside and outside the cell.
Since polar-polar molecules repel each other, Na+ can't pass through the cell membrane easily. So it uses the proteins attached the cell membrane inside and outside to transport such molecules by using energy in terms of ATP.
Can someone help me list all the macromolecules food and the biomolecules inside it
Answer:
carbohydrates.
lipids.
proteins.
nucleic acids.
Explanation: Carbohydrates are the most abundant biomolecule on Earth. Living organisms use carbohydrates as accessible energy to fuel cellular reactions and for structural support inside cell walls. Cells attach carbohydrate molecules to proteins and lipids, modifying structures to enhance functionality.
Which six letters will not appear in the coded message? Give a reason for your answer.
Answer:
B,jo,u and y
Explanation:
I honestly dont know
Answer:
B, J, O,U, And Y
Explanation:
Coded messages are those written using codes. These codes can be numbers, drawings, geographic figures and even letters written in different orders or the omission of some letters. This type of message is designed to prevent anyone other than the intended recipient from viewing it. The concept of encrypted messages is an ancient one, since the Roman emperor Julius Caesar would have used a simple form of encryption to send messages to his generals.
When these messages use letters, it is common for the letters B, J, O, U and Y not to appear.
Two rough black guinea pigs are bred and have two offspring. One of the offspring has rough white fur, and the other has smooth black fur. if these same parents are futher bred to produce many other offspring, what would be the expected genotypes and phenotypes?
Answer:
1. Describe the genotypes given (use your notes). The first two are already done. ... Ratios tell you there is an even chance of having offspring with black eyes as there ... homozygous recessive and the other is heterozygous, the phenotypic ratio .... rough coat, while the 2 Ddrr will have dark fur with smooth coat and the 2 ...
Explanation:1. Describe the genotypes given (use your notes). The first two are already done. ... Ratios tell you there is an even chance of having offspring with black eyes as there ... homozygous recessive and the other is heterozygous, the phenotypic ratio .... rough coat, while the 2 Ddrr will have dark fur with smooth coat and the 2 ...
Answer:
Parent 1 RrBb Parent 2 RrBb
Explanation:
Question 12 Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
(03.08 MC)
Andrea works in an office where frequent outbreaks of colds and viruses occur. However, Andrea stays healthy most of the time and rarely misses work. Which is
the most likely explanation for Andrea's health in this environment?
She probably exercises more frequently than her co-workers.
She probably takes antibiotics on a regular basis.
She probably washes her hands frequently and avoids touching her nose or mouth
She has probably already had all the strains of colds and viruses in her office.
Question 13 Multiple Choice Worth 4 points)
Previous Question
Question 1 (Answered)
Next Question
Answer:
She probably washes her hands frequently and avoids touching her nose or mouth
Answer:
She probably washes her hands frequently and avoids touching her nose or mouth .
Explanation:
The flu virus spreads among people in the same way as that of the cold through droplets emitted by sneezing or the patient's cough. Therefore, it is recommended to avoid contact with infected people. If you are sick, avoid large crowds, so as not to spread the virus. It is also possible to become infected by touching surfaces that contain the virus and then bringing your hand to your mouth, nose or eyes. Therefore, it is necessary to wash your hands frequently, for 20 to 30 seconds, using water and soap or alcohol-based gel.
Accordingly, we can say that in Andrea's case, she washes her hands frequently and avoids touching her eyes, mouth and nose. For this reason, she rarely gets the flu.
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Which statement describes the difference between incomplete dominance and codominance? In codominance, only one allele is expressed in the offspring; In incomplete dominance, both alleles are expressed in the offspring. In codominance, both allels are expressed in the offspring; In incomplete dominance, only one allele is expressed in the offspring. In codominance, both alleles are expressed in the offspring; in incomplete dominance, the offspring demonstrate an intermediate form of the alleles from the parents. In codominance, the offspring demonstrate an intermediate form of the alleles from the parents; in incomplete dominance, both alleles are expressed in the offspring.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
When there is complete dominance, both alleles are expressed in the progeny; when there is imperfect dominance, the progeny exhibit an amorphous form of the parental alleles.
Two types of allelic associations that manifest in the heterozygous state are dominance and codominance.
In codominance, neither allele predominates over the other while nevertheless making an equal contribution to the phenotype of the progeny. In a codominant inheritance pattern, for instance, if one parent has red flowers (RR genotype) and the other has white flowers (WW genotype), the offspring may have both red and white flowers (RW genotype), displaying both alleles.
On the other hand, neither allele is totally dominant over the other in incomplete dominance. Instead, the children have a mixed or intermediate phenotype that is distinct from both phenotypes of the parents. For instance, in incomplete dominance, the offspring may have pink flowers (RW genotype), displaying an intermediate expression of the alleles, if one parent has red flowers (RR genotype) and the other has white flowers (WW genotype).
Hence The correct statement is in codominance, both alleles are expressed in the offspring; in incomplete dominance, the offspring demonstrate an intermediate form of the alleles from the parents.
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Why is there higher starch content in unripe bananas
Explanation:
During ripening, there is an increase in the breakdown of starch into smaller units like fructose and glucose, which give the fruit their typical sweetness, and making them more edible. The unripe bananas have not undergone the starch degradation process, and thus have more available starch.
Carbohydrates function to supply energy and support molecules they consist of mainly sugars or starches in long chains and rings to form monosaccharide monomers. They include monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides which describes the type of bonding and the degree of complexity of the polymers. Their structure is closely related to their function.
Basic makeup: C, H, O -with many polar OH groups
Further Explanation:
Many long chain polysaccharides are made up of glucose joined by regular α, 1-4 glycosidic bonds used as energy storage (produced through phtosynthesis) and used for ATP synthesis via respiration, ethyl alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation. Plants are mostly comprised of structural units cellulose and lignin. However, cellulose is their main structural polysaccharide, found within cell walls.
It is made up of special β, 1-4 glycosidic bonds, which give structural polysaccharides their rigid, strong structure; cellulose is not water-soluble and is highly stable. However, if these alternating bonds aren't present, the plants would lose their main structural support, which allows larger plants, and trees to grow upwards towards sunlight despite their mass. When arranged in α 1-4 glycosidic bonds these molecules are water-soluble; water would be able to flow readily out of the plant tissue. Thus the plant cells and tissue, would not retain their shapes and may be limited in their potential height without structural support.
During ripening, the breakdown of storage polysaccharides to smaller units of fructose, sucrose and glucose occurs. This is mediated by enzymatic activity and hydrolysis.
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