An element found in another galaxy exists as two isotopes. if 80.0 percent of the atoms have an atomic mass of 80.00 atomic mass units and the other 20.0 percent have an atomic mass of 82.00 atomic mass units, what is the atomic mass of the element?
Which is an acceptable Lewis structure for a diatomic nitrogen molecule?
The Lewis structure for a diatomic nitrogen molecule would indicate a triple bond between the two nitrogen atoms, with each atom having a pair of lone electrons. The concept of resonance doesn't apply to this molecule.
Explanation:The diatomic nitrogen molecule has a triple bond between the two nitrogen atoms. A Lewis structure, in this context, represents the arrangement of electrons in a molecule. The Lewis structure for N2 would therefore show the nitrogen atoms sharing three pairs of electrons - indicating the triple bond - with each nitrogen atom also having one pair of lone (non-bonding) electrons.
Using the concepts of resonance and electron-pair geometries, it's possible to show that the actual distribution of electrons is an average between various possible Lewis structures. However, the resonance only applies to molecules where it's not possible to depict the molecule's structure using a single Lewis structure, as in the case of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and related compounds, not diatomic nitrogen.
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Identify the atom represented by this electron configuration and elaborate on its bonding properties.
1s22s22p63s23p64s23d5
A) .Chromium is a transition with a half full-valence orbital and can form up to six bonds. B) Antimony is a metalloid that can form five covalent bonds or three metallic bonds. C) Manganese is a transition metal that can form up to five stable ionic bonds D) Bromine is a non-metal that forms one ionic bond or a variable number of covalent bonds.
The electron configuration 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁵ represents the element Chromium (Cr), a transition metal with a notably stable half-filled 3d subshell. Chromium can undergo hybridization and is capable of forming complex ions, including the ability to form up to six bonds in certain complexes. Option A is correct .
The electron configuration given is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² 3d⁵ which corresponds to the element Chromium (Cr). Chromium tends to have exceptions to predicted electron configurations due to enhanced stability associated with half-filled or completely filled subshells.
The presence of a half-filled 3d subshell alongside a singly occupied 4s orbital is more stable than expected configurations. As for bonding properties, Chromium is a transition metal known for its ability to exhibit variable oxidation states and form complex ions, primarily through its valence electrons in the 3d and 4s orbitals.
When forming bonds, it is common for transition metals like Chromium to undergo hybridization, combining their s, p, and d orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals that can result in different geometries and bonding capabilities.
For instance, the hybridization can result in d²sp³ hybrid orbitals, which can form octahedral complexes with ligands. In the case of Chromium (III), which has an electron configuration of 3d³ after losing its 4s electron and two 3d electrons, it can form up to six bonds, as seen in complexes such as the octahedral hexaamminechromium (III) cation.
Differences in which property allows the separation of a sample of sand and sea water by filteration
Filtration is a type of process in which components of a mixture are separated based in the size. The sea water and sand can be separated by filtration due to different particle size.
Seawater is a mixture of several substances, including salt, sand, and stones. The substances of seawater can be separated via filtration. The filter paper in this technique separates the substances based on the size of particles.
The filtration separates sand and seawater as:
Seawater and sand are dissolved in each other. When the filtration technique is performed, it separates out the water from sand. The size of the sand particles are larger than the pore size of filter paper, thus, it easily separates the sand from seawater.Therefore, difference in the particle size allows the separation of seawater and sand.
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Help Please earth science
Use the image to determine which of the following statements is true?
1) The granite is younger than unit B.2) Unit B and the granite are the same age.3) The relative ages of teh granite and unit B cannot be determined from the information given.4) Unit B is younger than the granite.What will be the effect on the amount of gas produced if the experiment is repeated using 0.35g of k?
The effect on the amount of gas produced if the experiment is repeated using 0.35g of potassium is that less amount of hydrogen gas is produced.
What is the stoichiometry?Stoichiometry of any reaction gives idea about the amount of species present and before the completion of the reaction.
Chemical reaction with repect to Lithium (Li) and Potassium (K) will be represented as:
2K + 3H₂O → 2H₂ + 2KOH
2Li + 3H₂O → 2H₂ + 2LiOH
From the stoichiometry of the reaction it is clear that 2 moles of K & Li produces 2 moles of hydrogen gas.
Moles will be calculated as:
n = W/M, where
W = given mass = 0.35g
M = molar mass
Moles of 0.35g Li = 0.35 / 6.9 = 0.0507 moles
Moles of 0.35g K = 0.35 / 39 = 0.0089 moles
From the moles of both elements it is clear that lithium will produce more gas.
Hence on replacing lithium with potassium, less gas will be produced.
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Which phrase describes an al atom?
a.a negatively charged nucleus, surrounded by negatively charged electrons
b.a negatively charged nucleus, surrounded by positively charged electrons?
An atom is defined as the microscopic particle having positively charged nucleus around which negatively charged electrons revolve. In aluminum atom, none of the options give are correct.
Aluminum is an atom made up of 13 electrons and 13 protons. In an atom, there are several sub-particles, which are:
Protons are the positively charged sub-particle that are present inside the nucleus.Electrons are the negatively charged sub-particles that revolves around the nucleus. Neutrons does not have any charge, and is found in the nuclei of atoms.Therefore, the correct statement is that aluminum atom have positively charged nucleus around which electrons revolve. Hence, the given options are incorrect.
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"what is the concentration of positive charge and mass in rutherford's atomic model called?"
A student pours exactly 26.9 mL of HCl acid of unknown molarity into a beaker. The student then adds 2 drops of the indicator and titrates the acid to neutrality using 43.7 mL of 0.13 M NaOH base.
a. Write and balance the neutralization reaction of the acid and base
b. What is the molarity of the acid?
Which must be the same when comparing 1 mol of oxygen, O2, with 1 mol of carbon monoxide has, CO?
Which reaction may be described as an acid-base neutralization reaction? 1. be(oh)2 + h2so4 → beso4 + 2 h2o 2. ba(oh)2 + 2 licl → bacl2 + 2 lioh 3. naoh + h2o → h3o + + nao− 4. hno2 + h2o → h3o + + no− 2?
A substance that is not soluble in a polar solvent is
Potassium chloride (KCl) is sometimes used to treat low blood potassium levels. Calculate the concentration of a saturated solution of potassium chloride at 20°C. Question continued-?
Hint: The formula for molarity, a common concentration unit, is M = moles/volume of solution expressed in units of mol/L. You will need to convert from grams of KCl to moles. Assume the volume of solution is 100 mL. Show your work!
Info: 36g of KCl is the max 100mL of water could hold at 20°C.
explain why many compounds that contain one or more hydrogen atoms are not classified as arrhenius acids
Final answer:
Not all compounds containing hydrogen atoms are classified as Arrhenius acids because they do not release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water. Methane and acetic acid are examples of compounds that contain hydrogen atoms but are not classified as Arrhenius acids.
Explanation:
In order for a compound to be classified as an Arrhenius acid, it must release hydrogen ions (H+) when dissolved in water. However, not all compounds that contain hydrogen atoms are classified as Arrhenius acids because they do not release H+ ions. For example, methane (CH4) and acetic acid (CH3COOH) both contain hydrogen atoms but they are not classified as Arrhenius acids because their hydrogen atoms are not capable of ionizing.
If a sample of a certain solution is determined to have a [h3o+][h3o+] concentration of 4.91×10−44.91×10−4 moles/liter, what is its ph? round off your answer to one decimal place.
In the third period of the periodic table sodium is followed by magnesium aluminum silicon and phosphorus which of these elements has the smallest atomic size ?
When bismuth-212 undergoes alpha decay, it becomes which of the following?
A asatine-208 + an alpha particle
B lead-210 + an alpha particle
C polonium-210 + and alpha particle
D thallium-208 + and alpha particle
Explain how the molar mass of a gas affects the rate at which the gas diffuses and effuses
The molar mass of a gas influences its diffusion and effusion rates, according to Graham's law of effusion. Lighter gas molecules diffuse and effuse faster than heavier ones due to their movement speed. The ratios of diffusion and effusion rates, both dependent on the molar mass, remain constant.
Explanation:The molar mass of a gas significantly affects its diffusion and effusion rates due to the principles identified in Graham's law of effusion. According to this law, the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles. Hence, lighter gas molecules will effuse and diffuse at a faster rate as compared to heavier ones.
Furthermore, the average speed of gas molecules impacts the rate of effusion. As a consequence, heavier gas molecules, which move more slowly due to their larger mass, will diffuse and effuse slower compared to lighter molecules. This is because it is more challenging for heavier molecules to move between the molecules of the substance they are moving through.
Lastly, diffusion and effusion rates both depend on the molar mass of the gas involved. Although their rates are not identical, the ratios of their rates remain consistent. This is another way the molar mass of a gas influences its diffusion and effusion rates.
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calculate the pressure in atm, if 0.00825 moles occupies 174 mL at -15 celcius.
T = 15°C = 288.15 K; temperature.
R = 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K, universal gas constant.
Ideal gas law: p·V = n·R·T.
p =
n·R·T / V.
p = 0.00825 mol · 0.08206 L·atm/mol·K · 288.15 K /
0.174 L.
p = 1.12 atm.
The pressure is calculated using the Ideal Gas Law. Given the moles, volume in liters, and temperature in Kelvin, the pressure is approximately 0.100 atm. This calculation involves converting units and applying the gas constant.
To calculate the pressure in atmospheres (atm) given the number of moles, volume, and temperature, we need to use the Ideal Gas Law formula:
PV = nRT
Here:
P is the pressure in atm.V is the volume in liters. Since the given volume is in milliliters (174 mL), we need to convert it to liters:174 mL × 0.001 L/mL = 0.174 L.
n is the number of moles, which is 0.00825 moles.R is the ideal gas constant, which is 0.0821 (L atm)/(K mol).T is the temperature in Kelvin. We need to convert the temperature from Celsius to Kelvin:T = -15 °C + 273 = 258 K.
Now, we substitute the known values into the Ideal Gas Law equation:
P × 0.174 L = 0.00825 moles × 0.0821 (L atm)/(K mol) × 258 K
Simplify and solve for P:
P = (0.00825 moles × 0.0821 × 258) / 0.174
P ≈ 0.100 atm
A gas is contained in a thick walled balloon. when the pressure changes from 417 mm hg to 576 mm hg, the volume changes from ____ L to 4.78 L and the temperature changes from 497 K to 386 K
Answer: 8.5
Explanation:
Write a nuclear reaction for the neutron-induced fission of u?235 to produce te?137 and zr?97. how many neutrons are produced in the reaction?
In the reaction 2co(g) + o2(g) â 2co2(g), what is the ratio of moles of oxygen used to moles of co2 produced? select one:
The energy stored in the motion or vibration of molecules in a substance is a definition for
A. heat.
B. work.
C. radioactivity.
D. electromagnetism.
Assume that the rate law for a generic chemical reaction is rate = [a][b]3 . what is the reaction order in a, the reaction order in b, and the overall reaction order?
The order of reaction in a is 1 while the order of reaction in b is 3.
What is order of reaction?The rate law is obtained from the reaction equation or from experiment. We can determine the order of reaction by summing up the exponents in the rate law as shown in the equation of the rate law.
Now, we have; rate = k[a][b]3, the order of reaction in a is 1 while the order of reaction in b is 3.
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Who was the first scientist to propose that the atom had a dense nucleus which occupied only a small fraction of the volume of the atom?
Ernest Rutherford was the first scientist to propose that the atom had a dense nucleus that occupied only a small fraction of the volume of the atom.
What are atomic models?There are some models that are used to explain the arrangements of subatomic particles inside the atom based on the atomic theory of atoms known as the atomic models.
There are many types of atomic models proposed in past based on their individual assumptions and the experimentations
Rutherford's discovery demonstrated that the majority of an atom is essentially blank space and that the center only takes up a very small portion of the entire atom, which had an impact on Thomson's commonly accepted atomic model.
Thus, Ernest Rutherford was the first scientist to propose that the atom had a dense nucleus that occupied only a small fraction of the volume of the atom.
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What will most likely happen if a sound wave moves from the air through a solid?
Answer:
D
Explanation:
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Why does inhaled air need to be warmed filtered and moistened?
Inhaled air is warmed, filtered, and moistened to protect the respiratory system from damage caused by cold, dry, and particulate-laden air. These processes maintain respiratory health by equilibrating the inhaled air to body conditions and acting as protective mechanisms against infection and irritation to the lungs and trachea.
Inhaled air needs to be warmed, filtered, and moistened as part of the respiratory process in mammals. When air is inhaled through the nasal cavity, it is warmed to body temperature, which helps in reducing the shock to the system that cold air might cause. The air is then humidified by picking up water from the mucus lining the respiratory tract, which serves to equilibrate the air to the body's conditions. This humidification is crucial as it prevents the dryness that could damage the delicate tissues within the respiratory system. Furthermore, as the air passes through the nasal passages, particulate matter is trapped by hairs, mucus, and cilia, effectively filtering out potential irritants or harmful substances. These processes collectively prevent damage to the trachea and lungs, serving as important protective mechanisms to maintain respiratory health. Moreover, this filtering also plays a role in warding off infection, which along with the warming and moistening actions, decreases sensitivity during breathing and prevents damage to the lungs.
How many kj of heat are needed to completely vaporize 1.30 moles of h2o? the heat of vaporization for water at the boiling point is 40.6 kj/mole?
Explanation:
Heat of vaporization is defined as the amount of heat required to change one mole of a liquid into vapor state without any change in the temperature.
It is known that for 1 mole of water, latent heat of vaporization is 40.6 kJ/mol.
Therefore, heat of vaporization for 1.30 moles will be calculated as follows.
[tex]1.30 moles \times 40.6 kJ/mol[/tex]
= 52.78 kJ
Thus, we can conclude that the 52.78 kJ of heat are needed to completely vaporize 1.30 moles of [tex]H_{2}O[/tex].
What can the size and shape of a sand dune tell you about how it was formed?
What is the most abundant gas in our atmosphere?
1. oxygen
2. hydrogen
3. nitrogen
4. water