Answer:
[tex](a)\ 10^4\ mg/L[/tex]
[tex](b)\ 10^{10}\ mg/L[/tex]
Explanation:
(a) As given in question,
concentration of zinc in atmosphere = 10 g/L
By converting g to mg,
1 g = 1000 mg
=> 10 g = 10 x 1000 mg
[tex]=\ 10^4\ mg[/tex]
Hence, the concentration of zinc in the environment in mg/L is [tex]10^4\ mg/L.[/tex]
(a) As given in question,
concentration of zinc in atmosphere = 10 g/L
By converting g to nano gm,
[tex]1\ g\ =\ 10^9\ nano\ gm[/tex]
[tex]=>\ 10\ g\ =\ 10\ \times\ 10^9\ nano\ gm[/tex]
[tex]=\ 10^{10}\ nano\ gm[/tex]
Hence, the concentration of zinc in the environment in nano gm/L is [tex]10^{10}\ nano\ gm/L.[/tex]
Question 3 Multiple Choice Worth 1 points) In which of the following ways do organisms play a role in the water cycle? 1. Water stored in organisms returns to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration. II. Plants take up water vapor through their roots through the process of sublimation. III. Humans deplete freshwater reserves at both the surface and groundwater levels. I only ll only I and II only I and III only Il and Ill only
Answer:
Option (4)- I and III only
Explanation:
Evapotranspiration is the process by which the plants after absorbing water and carbon dioxide, release the excess water back into the atmosphere. It helps in synthesizing their own food.
The freshwater reserves on the earth's surface are constantly being exploited by humans. The groundwater is exhausted due to pumping and the surface waters are contaminated by the waste materials that are produced from the industries and factories that mix with the rivers and streams. It is also used up for the agricultural purposes
Sublimation is not a process of taking in water vapor by the roots. But it is a phase transition process from solid to gas or gas to solid.
Hence, the correct answer is option (4) i.e I and III only.
The ideal candidate for a microloan would be a weaver in Ghana the country of Germany the country of Paraguay the management board of Citibank a franchise owner of McDonald's
Answer:
A weaver in Ghana
Explanation:
Microloans are advances given to little business.They are not benefit situated loans.They help little agent and self improvement laborers to maintain their little employment organizations. Since Ghana is an immature nation and weaving is a little and crude occupation, so microloans can help individuals occupied with this sort of work to acquire some business.
Did lettuce seed germination respond in a predictable way® Describe the trend AND mention any concentration that did not fit the trend 2. According to this activity and the Background reading, how could acid rain affect specifically impact food supplies
Answer:
Answer
Explanation:
1)Yes, In good growing conditions, lettuce seed will germinate within two to 12 days, depending on variety. Loose-head varieties may sprout more quickly than heading types, but all seeds depend on similar soil, moisture and light conditions to support germination. Growers vary in their estimate of the percentage of lettuce seeds that will germinate per packet, but you can expect 75 to 80 percent of seeds packed for the current growing season to sprout. Rates decline each year, and a packet of lettuce seeds is usually viable for three years.
The germination of lettuce seed (Lactuca sativa) is inhibited at certain temperatures, above the optimum. These temperatures may not prevent growth, however, of seeds which have already started to germinate. This inhibition seems to be largely a varietal characteristic, for the temperature at which one variety will germinate satisfactorily may completely inhibit the germination of another variety. Furthermore, it usually requires a higher temperature to inhibit the germination of old seed than it does that of freshly harvested seed of the same variety. By freshly harvested seed is meant that which is not more than five weeks old. In the case of most varieties, almost complete failure of the seed to germinate occurs at 30° C, regardless of age, although there are a few varieties that germinate fairly well at this temperature.
Lettuce seed germination can be influenced by the availability of nutrients in the soil, such as potassium. Different bacteria strains can impact this availability. Acid rain, arising from human activities like burning of fossil fuels, can decrease the pH of soil, harm crops and reduce food supplies.
Explanation:Lettuce seed germination could potentially respond in a predictable way to certain conditions. For instance, germination might be influenced by factors such as the availability of nutrients in the soil. In a scenario where different strains of bacteria modify the potassium levels in the soil, the germination rate of the seeds could change. Strain 1 bacteria increase the availability of potassium, which is beneficial for the seedlings, while Strain 2 bacteria decrease this nutrient's availability, potentially hindering growth.
As for the effects of acid rain on food supplies, this form of precipitation can significantly lower the pH of the soil, having a harmful impact on crops. Acid rain is caused by human activities that release large amounts of sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, such as the burning of fossil fuels. When rainwater falls through this gas, it forms weak sulfuric acid, which can damage aquatic ecosystems and contribute to the chemical degradation of terrestrial habitats. In the context of agriculture, this process could lead to a decreased production of crops like lettuce, thus reducing food supplies.
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Describe what the speed of light is and what it means
Answer:
Explanation:
All electromagnetic radiation (including visible light) moves with a constant speed in a vacuum, commonly known as "speed of light". This is a physical constant that is symbolized with the letter c. It is a universal constant with the value 299 792 458 m / s.
The speed c of the electromagnetic radiation, does not depend on the speed of the object emitting such radiation. For example, the light emitted by a light source that moves quickly, would travel as quickly as the light coming from a stationary source. Therefore the speed of light is constant, and it is the speed at which light waves propagate through materials.
compare and contrast organochlorine and organophosphorus
pesticides in terms of their persistence and toxicity.
Answer and Explanation:
Organochlorine :pesticides were normally utilized previously, yet many have been expelled from the market because of their well being and ecological impacts and their industriousness
For example : DDT and chlordane
Organophosphate Pesticides - These pesticides influence the sensory system by disturbing the catalyst that controls acetylcholine, a synapse. Most organophosphates are bug sprays. They were created during the mid nineteenth century, however their consequences for creepy crawlies, which are like their impacts on people, were found in 1932. Some are toxic (they were utilized in World War II as nerve specialists). Be that as it may, they as a rule are not diligent in the earth
How are changes in atmospheric CO2 over time recorded in the geologic record? List at least 4 tools/methods for reconstructing past atmospheric CO2.
Answer:
boron and carbon isotope, Phytane, Ice cores, Corals, Lake and ocean sediments etc.
Explanation:
Drillings in ice cores like within ice sheets of Greenlands, Antarctica started in 1956. Collecting core samples of 4 and a half inches and use of molecules of water O 16 and 18 that helps to determine the past atmospheric carbon. Corals, skeletal rings have bands of paleo-climatological information and as their body is made of the calcium carbonates these limes creating organisms help to determine the atmospheric concentration of carbon on prehistoric earth. The use of oxygen isotope in lakes and oceans has given data related to the content of ocean sediments, and values deposited in clay and sand. The use of phytane a diterpenoid alkane that breaks down chlorophyll is used to estimate the ancient Co2 level.5 (10 pts). Describe the difference between a primary producer, primary consumer and secondary or tertiary consumer, and give an example of each. What happens to the flow of energy between these levels, and what happens in terms of the concentration of toxins like DD
Answer:
Food chain as given below
Explanation:
A consumer is a living creature in the food chain that eats other consumers and maintains a balance in the food web. Primary producers are all green plants that prepare their food by their ability to utilize the sun's energy and convert that available raw energy into starch in their body by the process of photosynthesis. These Autotrophs take up the organic matter through their roots in the form xylem and phylum and giving oxygen in the air. They form the base of the food chain on which are dependent Herbivorous like sheep, goat, cow, etc. The secondary consumers are called the Carnivorous, like the lion, tiger, etc that feed on the bodies of herbivorous. Above this level is that of Omnivorous i.e both plant and animal eaters like the crow, man, and cat. As stated by the law of thermodynamics energy can neither be destroyed nor created but transforms itself. The flow of energy at each trophic level gets successively transferred to the next trophic level from primary to secondary tertiary and so on. Likewise, toxin concentration in trophic levels increased each level upwards and leads to biomagnification that is harmful to the entire food chain.Why does hardness decrease with increasing molecular weight of the metals in the oxygen compounds?
a.
Larger molecular weight means a smaller valence or charge on the metal, so making the bond between them weaker and the hardness lower.
b.
Larger molecular weight means a stronger magnetic field around the metal, making the electrostatic bond between them weaker and the hardness lower.
c.
Larger molecular weight means a larger size metal, and the nucleous of the metal will be farther away from the oxygen in a large metal than a small one, making the bond between them weaker and the hardness lower.
d.
Larger molecular weight in the metal means the oxygen also gets larger, which makes the bond between them weaker and the hardness lower.
Answer: Option (A)
Larger molecular weight means a smaller valence or charge on the metal, so making the bond between them weaker and the hardness lower
Explanation:
Hardness decrease with increasing molecular weight of the metals in the oxygen compounds, the reason for the decrease in hardness of the metals is due to chemical repulsion (inter molecular forces between atoms) which is greater when the metal and oxygen are close to each other making the compound hard.
If the repulsion is smaller, the compound has less hardness. So when the molecular weight is large, it has smaller valence or less charge on the metal which makes the bond weaker and less hard.
Hardness decreases with increasing molecular weight of metals in oxygen compounds because larger metal atoms have their nuclei farther from the bonding electrons, leading to weaker metal-oxygen bonds and lower lattice energy.
Explanation:The reason why hardness decreases with increasing molecular weight of the metals in their oxygen compounds can be associated with atomic structure and bonding. When a metal in a compound has a larger molecular weight, it typically means the metal atoms themselves are larger. This is because these atoms have more protons in their nuclei, as well as more electrons to shield the attractive force from the nucleus to the bonding electrons.
As the metal atom size increases, the nucleus is farther away from the bonding electrons shared with the oxygen atom (option c). This results in a weaker metal-oxygen bond, making the compound less hard. Moreover, this size increase leads to larger atomic or ionic radii down a group in the periodic table, affecting the lattice energy. The lattice energy decreases as the ionic radii increase because there is a longer distance between the ions' nuclei, leading to less electrostatic attraction and therefore a softer compound.
The information given about the acid strength as a function of electronegativity and the behavior of alkali metals does not directly answer the question regarding molecular weight and hardness in metals bonded with oxygen, but it does provide context to how other properties are influenced by the electronic structure of atoms.
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An adaptive trait: (mark all that apply)
[a] varies in its characteristics according to local environmental circumstances
[b] becomes common within a species through natural selection
[c] means that a species gets better over time
[d] tends to promote the well being of an organism in its natural or social environment
[e] confers on its possessor greater fitness relative to those who lack it
Answer:
[a] varies in its characteristics according to local environmental circumstances
[b] becomes common within a species through natural selection
[d] tends to promote the well being of an organism in its natural or social environment
Explanation:
The adaptive traits in the living organisms have a simple basic role, that is to make the organism better suited for survival in its environment. The adaptive traits come in all sorts of different shapes, be it some that are manifested in the physical appearance or in the behavior of the organisms. Adaptive traits can be increased speed, prolonged neck, living in a groups, developing thorns and many more. This type of traits occur when the organisms face increased competition or when the environment in which they live starts to change, so in order for them to survive, they start to develop traits that will make them better suited for the new conditions and more competitive. The main principle through which the adaptive traits are transferred and rapidly increase in a population is through natural selection, as the organisms choose the ones that have advantageous traits for their mates, while they live aside the others.
How do post depositional changes convert sediments to
sedimentary rocks ?
Answer:
It's caused by burial forces
Explanation:
When sediments are deposited on a basin they begin to accumulate over each others, generating a burial force that produces its compaction. Then, some calcite and silica cements help to join the sediments grains creating rocks. That's what geologists call lithification.
This process allow the formation of sedimentary rocks, which usually are laminated because of the horizontal position of sediments accumulation.
What was the environment like in Nebraska during the Pennsylvanian?
Answer:
The Pennsylvanian age belongs to the lower Carboniferous period that started from 320 million years to 295 million years back. The environment of Nebraska including other places of North America during the Pennsylvanian environment was that there was the frequent changing of terrestrial to marine environment. The sea level was affected as the sea level has rised and dropped due to the melting of the glaciers in the geological past. A huge number of plants and trees have been buried under the surface during that time that led to the formation of most of the present day coals. The Pennsylvanian period provided a swampy environment that facilitates the coal formation as the sea level rised and covered these trees with the sediments.
Our Sun emits most of its radiation at a wavelength of 550nm. If a star were 5.00 times hotter than our Sun, it would emit most of its radiation at a wavelength of nm 1st attempt Feedback Q See Hint Our Sun emits most of its radiation at a wavelength of 550 nm. If a star were 5.00 times hotter than our Sun, it would emit most of its radiation at a wavelength of 275 nm
If a star is 5.00 times hotter than our Sun, it would emit most of its radiation at a wavelength of [tex]\(110 \, \text{nm}\).[/tex]
The wavelength of maximum radiation emitted by an object is given by Wien's Law, which states that the peak wavelength (λ_max) is inversely proportional to the temperature (T) of the object. The relationship is expressed by the equation:
[tex]\[ \lambda_{\text{max}} \cdot T = \text{constant} \][/tex]
If a star is 5.00 times hotter than our Sun, and assuming the temperature of the Sun is approximately 5,500 degrees Celsius, we can set up the following proportion:
[tex]\[ \frac{\lambda_{\text{max, star}}}{T_{\text{star}}} = \frac{\lambda_{\text{max, Sun}}}{T_{\text{Sun}}} \][/tex]
Substitute the values:
[tex]\[ \frac{\lambda_{\text{max, star}}}{5 \cdot T_{\text{Sun}}} = \frac{\lambda_{\text{max, Sun}}}{T_{\text{Sun}}} \][/tex]
Solving for [tex]\(\lambda_{\text{max, star}}\):[/tex]
[tex]\[ \lambda_{\text{max, star}} = \frac{1}{5} \cdot \lambda_{\text{max, Sun}} \][/tex]
Given that [tex]\(\lambda_{\text{max, Sun}} = 550 \, \text{nm}\)[/tex], the wavelength of the star would be:
[tex]\[ \lambda_{\text{max, star}} = \frac{1}{5} \cdot 550 \, \text{nm} = 110 \, \text{nm} \][/tex]
Therefore, if a star is 5.00 times hotter than our Sun, it would emit most of its radiation at a wavelength of [tex]\(110 \, \text{nm}\).[/tex]
The probable question may be:
Our Sun emits most of its radiation at a wavelength of 550nm. If a star were 5.00 times hotter than our Sun, it would emit most of its radiation at a wavelength of ____ nm?
List the 2 major groups of biogenic sedimentary rocks based on their compositions.
Explanation:
Biogenic sedimentary rocks are formed by the remains of the animals and plants via the biological process .
The two major groups are as follows -
Limestone - lt is made up of the exoskeletons of the mollusk , reef-forming corals, and foraminiferans .
Coal - it is made from the carbon in the dead and buried organic material and the wood of the dead plants which do not decay ( due to lack of oxygen ) but get petrified over the time .
The two major groups of biogenic sedimentary rocks are siliceous rocks and carbonate rocks. Siliceous rocks or siliceous ooze are predominantly formed from the microscopic remains of tiny sea creatures. Carbonate rocks, such as limestone and dolomite rock, are primarily formed by the accumulation of the remains of organisms like corals and shells.
Explanation:The two major groups of biogenic sedimentary rocks based on their compositions are siliceous rocks and carbonate rocks.
Siliceous rocks, also known as siliceous ooze, are predominantly composed of the microscopic remains of diatoms, radiolarians, or other tiny sea creatures. These sedimentary rocks form in areas of the ocean where the input of siliceous material from the weathering of rocks on land is high. Examples of these types of rocks include cherts and diatomaceous earth.
Carbonate rocks, on the other hand, are primarily formed by the accumulation of the remains of organisms like corals, shells, and certain types of algae. The most common types of carbonate rocks are limestone and dolomite rock. These rocks often form in shallow, tropical seas where there is an abundance of life to provide the necessary biological material.
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Which of the following latitudes has the smallest variation in the length of day time during a year?
Question 33 options:
55º N
15º S
65º N
45º S
Answer:
Option (2)
Explanation:
The day and night occurs due to the rotation of the earth around its axis. The length of the day that one experiences depends upon the position of that person with respect to the latitude of the earth. This duration of day remains almost consistent in the equatorial region. Whereas, the variation in this length of day light changes with the increasing latitude. This means that at the equator, the variation in the duration of day is least and at the polar region, this variation is high. The duration of day in the equatorial region is nearly 12 hours throughout the year, whereas in the polar region this length changes from 0 to 24 hours.
Thus, according to the given condition, the 15° S is the region that is close to the equator. Here, there occurs least variation in the day length.
Hence, the correct answer is option (2).
Question 9(Multiple Choice Worth 1 points) Which of the following actions might be taken to protect a species listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Act? 1. Dividing the natural habitat of the species into isolated fragments II. Making it illegal for humans to hunt individual members of the species III. Breeding individual members of the species in captivity I only ll only O III only I and II only II and III only
Answer:
II and III
Explanation:
A species is classified as endangered when it comes to a situation where the number of individuals within the species is so low that it might not be enough for it to reproduce properly and survive. Also, when species is listed as endangered, the chances are very high that the species will go extinct.
In order for the species to be saved, there are numerous methods that are used:
One thing is to make the hunting of the species illegal, usually making a very strict law that would fend off anyone tempted to do so. Creating a special program for monitoring the species, where every individual will be tracked, constantly checked, and protected on the ground.Any entry into the area where the species lives to be forbidden, except for scientific goals related to the species, and even for it to have a species permit.Unfortunately, this doesn't always have the wanted effect, and despite all efforts some species go extinct, like it is the example with several species of rhinos in the past century. On the other hand, there are species that seem to be extremely resilient, and despite having very low numbers, they manage to survive, even if they don't have any particular rise in their populations, like it is the examples of the Iberian lynx and the Balkan lynx.
Very often, the method of breeding individuals in captivity of a species that is endangered is used. This is done so that there are controlled circumstances and no danger for the offspring, thus to maximize the chances of their survival. By using this method though, special programs are needed afterwards in order to prepare the young ones for life in the wilderness, which is not always successful.
6-
Drinking bottled water may be viewed as a response to scarcity. Which of the following is NOT a scarcity that contributes to the consumption of bottle water?
Group of answer choices
-agricultural scarcity -- water is used only for growing exportable crops and local supplies of water are depleted
-perceptual scarcity--perception that bottled water is safer and healthier than tap water
-techno-economic scarcity -- underdeveloped nations with swiftly urbanizing populations create a demand for bottled water
-hydrological scarcity --combinations of climate, affluence, and human population create a demand for bottled water
Answer:
perceptual scarcity--perception that bottled water is safer and healthier than tap water
Explanation:
Drinking water comes under hydrosphere hence it is a hydrological scarcity and viewed in terms of consumption the water is a natural resource is not distributed evenly as the place which is landlocked doesn't get sufficient water to drink and being a hydrological scarcity it is a combination of climates and weather patterns. The human population demands freshwater that is hard to find with the melting of ice caps and depletion of natural resources and reserves there consumption has increased further 10 times than it was earlier as people wastewater without even realizing that even after purchasing it they still would not be able to afford it. Agricultural scarcity is directly related t the use and discharge of water as water is used in irrigating the plants and used to drive machinery. This includes the technical aspects also.Why would we find more of the latter in planets such as Earth that formed near the Sun?
Answer:
As the size, density, thickness, and velocity all coordinate with the distance from the sun, hence the rocky planets and gaseous planets differ from each other.
Explanation:
Our solar system consists of eight planets and one dwarf planet all are arranged in there the internal composition of elements the first four planets near the sun are made of rocks and have a core rest Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune are made up of gaseous substances like Helium and Hydrogen just like the sun. Jupiter is the second densest planet in the solar system based entirely on gases and others like Neptune and Saturn made up of ice and magnetic core and terrestrial plants lack such due the violent solar winds blasted off this primitive atmosphere some 4.5 billion ago. Thus the gaseous bodies formed away from the galactic core that is the sun and have lower densities and planets like mercury have the highest densities due to their internal structure is used like earth and less distant to the sun and share some sort planetary atmosphere with that of the earth like venus.Planets like Earth, which formed near the Sun, have more rock and metal due to high temperatures. Outer planets, on the other hand, have more ice and gas because of lower temperatures.
Explanation:The reason why planets such as Earth, which formed near the Sun, contain more of certain elements and materials compared to outer planets is due to the temperature gradient in the solar system. The inner parts of the solar system, including planets near the Sun, experience higher temperatures, which cause materials that cannot condense at those temperatures to be absent. In contrast, the outer parts have cooler temperatures, allowing for the accumulation of ice and gas. This explains why Earth and other inner planets have higher concentrations of rock and metal, while outer planets have more ice and gas.
Outer Planets (Gas Giants): Planets like Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune formed farther away from the Sun where temperatures were much lower. In these regions, lighter elements like water, methane, and ammonia were able to condense into ices, along with gases like hydrogen and helium.
Composition of Outer Planets: Due to the lower temperatures, the outer planets have a much higher proportion of gases and ices in their composition. They do not have a solid surface and are often referred to as "gas giants" because of their predominantly gaseous atmospheres surrounding a dense core.
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Define radioactive decay and describe how half-life is used to determine the geologic age of a rock.
Answer:
Explained as below
Explanation:
Radioactive decay is known as nuclear decay, nuclear disintegration. Is the process by which unstable atoms losses energy such as alpha and beta particles. Since 1950's geologists are using radiometric dating s to define the age of rocks over the earth as natural clocks for determining the natural age of rocks. It is a valuable tool for measuring the absolute age of rocks. Using Carbon 14 which has a half-life of 5,730 years decays into nitrogen. This method uses traces of atmospheric carbon dioxide. As most of the matter in the world is made up of carbon particles hence evaluating them is quite easier. This method is also used to study the local eruption of volcanoes and other changes in the internal structure of the earth. At places, chlorine 36 dating has been used for geologic water and ice sediments.Final answer:
Radioactive decay is when an unstable atom emits radiation, changing into a different atom. Half-life is the time needed for half of a radioactive substance to decay. Geologists use the decay rate and half-life of isotopes to accurately date rocks and fossils.
Explanation:
Radioactive decay is a process by which the nucleus of an unstable atom loses energy by emitting radiation. As part of this decay process, the original atom (parent isotope) transforms into a different atom (daughter isotope) at a rate that is characteristic to the isotope. This rate of decay is measured in terms of half-life, which is the amount of time it takes for half of the parent isotopes in a sample to decay into daughter isotopes.
Using this principle, geologists can determine the geologic age of a rock. By measuring the ratio of remaining parent isotopes to the accumulated daughter products, and knowing the half-life of the parent isotope, geologists can calculate how long the rock has been undergoing radioactive decay. This allows them to establish how many years have elapsed since the rock was formed. This process, known as radiometric dating, can date rocks, minerals, and fossils with a high degree of precision based on the well-characterized half-lives of various radioactive isotopes.
Question 15(Multiple Choice Worth 3 points) Which of the following is not commonly associated with a plate boundary? fault hot spot mid-ocean ridge mountain trench
Answer:
hot spot
Explanation:
There are several different types of plate boundaries, and each boundary type comes with some specific physical geographic feature. The divergent plate plate boundaries have mid-ocean ridges if they are on the ocean floor, or they rifts if they are on land. The transform plate boundaries have faults. The convergent plate boundaries have trenches if they are between oceanic and continental plates, or mountain ranges if they are between two continental plates.
The hot spots though are something that is commonly associated with plate boundaries. The reason for this is that the hot spots can appear anywhere, so they can be near a plate boundary, but they can also be in the interior of an oceanic plate, or in the interior of a continental plate. The hot spots occur because of much more intense activity in the astenosphere, resulting in mantle plumes which manages to break through the crust with ease and manifest themselves on the surface.
Hot spots are not typically associated with plate boundaries; they are volcanic regions fed by underlying mantle and can occur away from plate boundaries, such as the Hawaiian Islands. The correct answer is option: hot spot.
At divergent, convergent, and transform boundaries, one can expect to find faults, mid-ocean ridges, mountains, and trenches, which are features resulting from the movement and interaction of Earth's tectonic plates. However, hot spots are not commonly associated with these plate boundaries. Hotspots are volcanic regions fed by underlying mantle that is anomalously hot compared to the surrounding mantle and are not typically related to the movement at plate boundaries. Notable examples of hotspots include the Hawaiian Islands, which have formed as the Pacific Plate moves over a hotspot in the Earth's mantle.
Answer these questions: (3 to 8 paragraphs for each question
Assignment Instructions: Prepare a 4-10-page essay answering the questions below
2. How much of the universe is estimated to be dark matter
Answer:
The universe is comprised of nearly 27% of dark matter. These are dark in color and are not visible in the space like the other planets and stars. These are mainly constructed by the particles which are commonly known as the baryonic particles that are formed due to the accumulation of protons, neutrons as well as electrons. The dark matters are the substance that interconnects mostly by the force of gravity in association with some visible matters like the stars and planets. They form the majority of the mass of the universe.
Which of the following actions best exemplifies environmental sustainability?
a. using resources to benefit future generations, even if it means lower current availability
b. using resources to satisfy current needs without compromising future availability
c. letting each country decide what is in its best interest
d. letting future generations figure out how to solve their own problems
e. increasing economic output even if it harms the environment
Answer: Option (B) is correct
Explanation:
Environmental sustainability is referred as the rates at which one can harvest renewable resource, continue creation pollution, and also concentrate on non-renewable resource depletion which can be indefinitely continued. If these are are not continued indefinitely then this means that these given resources are not considered to be sustainable.
Under this one takes care of the natural resource and look after it in order not to exhaust them.
A sewage treatment plant influent is estimated to have a typical BOD5 value of 320 mg/L. What efficiency must the treatment plant have in order to meet the NPDES BOD5 requirement of less than 30 mg/L? Note: Your calculated efficiency must be entered with units of %
Answer:
The required efficiency of BOD5 removal of the plant needs to be at least 91%
Explanation:
Even though a WWTP (Waste water treatment plant) has several unit operations, it needs to have an overall treatment efficiency. In this case, it is only required to know how much BOD5 do we need to lower by removing organic matter from the water. It goes as following:
[tex]Efficiency(%) =\frac{actual concentration-goal concentration}{actual concentration}*100%[/tex]
This will work for any efficiency, for any parameter you need to define. They need to be in the same concentration unit, of course.
Replacing known values, we have:
[tex]Efficiency (%)=\frac{320 mg/L-30 mg/L}{320 mg/L}*100%= 90,625%[/tex]
Which we will approximate to 91%, because decimal percentages do not say anything and are not currently used.
Q1: For the purposes of this course, the Southwest region is defined as:
a. extending from the California coast to far eastern Texas.
b. the rugged and arid interior of the southwestern contiguous U. S. and adjoining areas of México.
c. all desert areas of North America at elevations of 1500 m (5000 ft) or lower.
d. the area of the southwestern contiguous U. S. with the highest proportion of Spanish-language speakers.
Answer:
Southwest region is defined as extending from the California coast to far eastern Texas.
Explanation:
Southwestern is an informal name to the region of western United nations. Geographically this region is made of Mojave, Sonoran, and Chihuahuan Deserts, that great feature of the deserts. The two rivers of this region are colorado and Rio grande running on the eat north and south formed approx 8000 years ago. Most of the vegetation in this region is bush ad cactus. landscapes of this region include canyons, mesas, buttes, basin along with ranges. This region has an extremely diverse population of birds like a barn owl and red-tailed hawk. The southwest part contained many national parks and monument valleys.1. Using the geologic definition of mineral as your guide, determine which of the items in this list are minerals and which are not. If something in this list is not a mineral, explain. 1. Gold nugget 2. Seawater 3. Quartz 4. Cubic zirconia 5. Obsidian 6. Ruby 7. Glacial ice 8. Amber
Based on the geologic definition of a mineral, the gold nugget, quartz, obsidian, ruby, and amber are all minerals. Seawater, cubic zirconia, and glacial ice do not meet the criteria of a mineral.
Explanation:According to the geologic definition of a mineral, a mineral must meet five specific criteria: it must be naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, have a specific chemical composition, and have an ordered atomic arrangement. Based on these criteria:
Gold nugget: Yes, it meets all the criteria of a mineral. Gold is naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, has a specific chemical composition (Au), and an ordered atomic arrangement.Seawater: No, it is not a mineral. Seawater is a liquid and does not have a solid form. It also lacks an ordered atomic arrangement.Quartz: Yes, it meets all the criteria of a mineral. Quartz is naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, has a specific chemical composition (SiO2), and an ordered atomic arrangement.Cubic zirconia: No, it is not a mineral. Cubic zirconia is a synthetic material created in a lab and does not occur naturally.Obsidian: Yes, it meets all the criteria of a mineral. Obsidian is naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, has a specific chemical composition (SiO2), and an ordered atomic arrangement.Ruby: Yes, it meets all the criteria of a mineral. Ruby is naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, has a specific chemical composition (Al2O3:Cr), and an ordered atomic arrangement.Glacial ice: No, it is not a mineral. Glacial ice is a form of water in the solid state, but it does not have a specific chemical composition or an ordered atomic arrangement.Amber: Yes, it meets all the criteria of a mineral. Amber is naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, has a specific chemical composition (C10H16O), and an ordered atomic arrangement.Learn more about geologic definition of minerals here:https://brainly.com/question/32150506
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The items in the list that are minerals are: 1. Gold nugget, 3. Quartz, 4. Cubic zirconia, 5. Obsidian, and 6. Ruby. The items that are not minerals are: 2. Seawater, 7. Glacial ice, and 8. Amber.
According to the geologic definition, a mineral must meet the following criteria:
1. It must be naturally occurring, which means it cannot be man-made or produced artificially.
2. It must be inorganic, meaning it cannot be derived from living organisms.
3. It must have a definite chemical composition.
4. It must have a crystalline structure, which means its atoms must be arranged in a regular, repeating pattern.
Let's apply these criteria to each item in the list:
1. Gold nugget: It is naturally occurring, inorganic, has a definite chemical composition (Au), and a crystalline structure. Therefore, it is a mineral.
2. Seawater: Although it is naturally occurring and inorganic, it does not have a definite chemical composition, nor does it have a crystalline structure. Therefore, it is not a mineral.
3. Quartz: It is naturally occurring, inorganic, has a definite chemical composition (SiO2), and a crystalline structure. Therefore, it is a mineral.
4. Cubic zirconia: It is a synthetic material and not naturally occurring, so it does not meet the criteria to be classified as a mineral. However, if we consider naturally occurring zirconia (baddeleyite), it would be a mineral because it meets all the criteria: it is inorganic, has a definite chemical composition (ZrO2), and a crystalline structure.
5. Obsidian: It is naturally occurring, inorganic, and has a definite chemical composition similar to granite. However, obsidian is sometimes considered a mineraloid because it does not have a regular crystalline structure, but rather a glassy structure. For the purpose of this question, we will consider it a mineral because it meets most of the criteria.
6. Ruby: It is naturally occurring, inorganic, has a definite chemical composition (Al2O3 with chromium impurities), and a crystalline structure. Therefore, it is a mineral.
7. Glacial ice: It is naturally occurring, but it is not considered a mineral because it does not have a definite chemical composition (it can contain various impurities) and its structure is not crystalline but rather hexagonal.
8. Amber: It is a fossilized tree resin and is organic in nature, not inorganic. Therefore, it does not meet the criteria to be classified as a mineral.
In summary, the gold nugget, quartz, cubic zirconia (if naturally occurring), obsidian, and ruby are minerals, while seawater, glacial ice, and amber are not.
6 (8 pts) Plants and animal distributions are often limited by environmental factors. Based on the lecture and text, list 4 limiting factors. How would an animal or plant adapt to each of your limiting factors?
Answer:
Four dispersal limiting factors.
Explanation:
Dispersal is an ecological process, which involves the movement of the population from their source of origin to the place of settlement. This can be active or passive. Climatic feature: the survival rate of species depends upon their ability to tolerate environmental constraints, like rising in temperature of the region, etc. Physical features: mountain ranges may act as a natural barrier in dispersal. Internal ability or trait: Animal or plant inability to propagate and seed dispersal. Human factors: The rate of dispersal might also be affected due to man who deliberately obstructs the path of dispersal. Plant or animal may adapt or develop some techniques to overcome these factors like adapting to the hot and humid climates or by producing excessive seeds that can restrain the constraints or can camouflage themselves to be protected from man or other species. It depends on interbreeding and natural selection of species habitat as specified by darwin the survival of the fittest.Which geographical feature formed the northern border of the Mauryan Empire?
A. Narmada River
B. Himalaya Mountains
C. Deccan Plateau
C. Thar Desert
Final answer:
The northern border of the Mauryan Empire was formed by the Himalayan Mountains, which served as a natural boundary and provided protection against northern invasions. The correct option is (B).
Explanation:
The northern border of the Mauryan Empire was formed by a significant geographical feature known as the Himalayan Mountains. These formidable peaks, arising from the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian Plate, have played a crucial role in the physical geography and cultural history of South Asia.
The Himalayas not only provide a natural boundary between South Asia and East Asia, particularly between India and China but have also influenced the religious and cultural practices of the civilizations that flourished around them.
The Mauryan Empire, which is notable in history for its extensive reach across South Asia by 250 BCE, included the rugged terrain of the Himalayas within its northern frontier.
This inclusion of the Himalayas in its borders afforded the empire natural protection and a definitive boundary against invasion from the north. Thus, option B, the Himalaya Mountains, is the answer, as they formed the northern boundary of the Mauryan Empire.
Question 11 1 pts Light colors electromagnetic energy O Reflect O Scatter O Absorb O Transmit
Answer:
Reflect
Explanation:
Light in the form of electromagnetic radiation within a certain position of the spectrum and which is visible to the human eye, usually defined by its wavelength from 400-700 nanometers between IR and UV. The main source of light is the sun and the light that reaches the human eyes through falling on certain objects like trees, topography, and water all having their reflectance values thus their color that the human eye sees is a part of the visible spectrum of light. Thus the frequency of the EMS entering the eyes are a product of these changesWhich trendline type best fits the data in the graphs of interatomic distance versus Mohs hardness?
a.
linear
b.
exponential
c.
logarithmic
d.
The data are scattered and do not follow any trend.
Final answer:
The best-fitting trendline for the graph of interatomic distance versus Mohs hardness is exponential, as the relationship becomes more linear on a log scale. Option b
Explaination:
When you are examining the relationship between interatomic distance and Mohs hardness, the trendline that best fits the data is typically not linear. In fact, according to the provided information hinting at a more linear relationship when the y-axis is plotted on a log scale, an exponential trendline is often more appropriate. This is also in agreement with statements found in the reference that indicate the data do not appear linear and that using a log scale can result in a more linear-looking plot, suggesting an underlying exponential relationship.
As none of the other provided options, such as linear, logarithmic, or scattered data without any trend, fit the indication that the data become more linear on a log scale, the correct type of trendline to best fit the relationship between interatomic distance and Mohs hardness would be exponential. Furthermore, the comparability of the logk and d relationship to Marcus theory supports this conclusion.
The gravitational pull on the ocean at night causes the water to more or less bulge towards the moon. I wonder if out in the ocean the same thing happens but since the ocean is so vast, it isn't noticeable since it is away from the shoreline, does this occur out in the ocean as well? How does gravitational pull occur?
Answer:
Earth's rotation and gravitational attraction of the sun and the moon to some extent are responsible for the motion of tides in the oceans. As the oceans are so vast there exist a cyclic flow water.
Explanation:
As the earth has its gravity and so does the other phenomenon like stars and moon have there thought this is not felt directly as the tidal bulges that are seen around the earth occur at two times in a day and two times at evening time due to the course of earth rotation having a cyclic time of 12 hours. The gravitational pull of the moon is not that strong but since it is close to the earth's surface the tidal bulges are felt on a full moon day and a new moon day as the oceanic currents rise by the gravitational attraction of the moon at night. In the day this is noticeable, as the sun has a large attractive force on the planet derives the winds and pressure belts around the globe, When these celestial objects all fall in the same line both ends on earth experience two small and large tidal bulges on east and west sides.A sunflower that moves its leaves so that maximum surface area is exposed to sunlight, is exhibiting which of the following characteristics of living organisms? A) Energy acquisition and use, using environmental and genetic information for evolution B) Evolution and energy acquisition and use C) Energy acquisition and use, and using environmental and genetic information D) Energy acquisition and use E) Using environmental and genetic information
Answer:
A) Energy acquisition and use, using environmental and genetic information for evolution
Explanation:
The process of the movement of the flower towards sunlight , is known as the heliotropism .
It enables in keeping the flower visible and warm for pollinators .
And as the flower is pollinated and forms hard seed .
And for young flowers , the process is to maximize the process of photosynthesis .
It enables to track the sun with 24 biological clock , and after sun set the flower faces towards the east , and wait for the sun to rise .