Adaptive immune system is based on immunological memory.
Explanation:This system is a specialized sub system of immune system that can eliminate pathogens and prevent their growth in the body.
After its first encounter with the pathogen, it creates an immunological memory that can last up to lifetime and it is highly specific. The memory of the first encounter leads to enhanced response in future with the particular pathogen.
For example, a person who gets affected from measles gets a lifetime protection from the pathogen.
What does your circulatory system have in common with your nervous system
Answer:
Both systems are run throughout the entire body.
Explanation:
Which of the following types of data organizers is best able to give a quick view of the relationship between parts of a data set and the whole data set?
A.
tables
B.
bar graphs
C.
histograms
D.
circle graphs
Answer:
D. Circle graphs
Explanation:
I just had this on study island
Which of these best describes another plant adaptation? a a plant is the same color as a grasshopper, helping the grasshopper blend in. b a species of butterfly lays its eggs on the leaves of a particular tree. c a plant dies if it doesn't get enough water. d a plant gives off a smell that attracts nearby insects, which it then eats. backconfirm answer?
Mr. goodall suffered damage to the back of his right frontal lobe during his car accident. as a result, mr. goodall is unable to:
move his left arms, hands and fingers (loss of fine movements and strength of some body parts)
The frontal lobe is the part of the brain which is located at the front of the skull above the eyes. The right frontal lobe is associated with awareness of emotions and non-verbal abilities. Patients with right frontal lobe damage exhibit loss of fine movements and strength of the arms, hands and fingers which is due to the disturbance of motor function.
Which area of the stomach adjoins the small intestine? body cardia fundus pylorus?
The pylorus is the region of the stomach that adjoins the small intestine and is controlled by the pyloric sphincter.
Explanation:The area of the stomach that adjoins the small intestine is known as the pylorus. The pylorus is a funnel-shaped region that connects the stomach to the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. There are two parts to the pylorus: the wider pyloric antrum, which connects to the body of the stomach, and the narrower pyloric canal, which leads into the duodenum. Located at the pyloric canal is the pyloric sphincter, a ring of smooth muscle that controls the emptying of stomach contents into the small intestine.
What is formed in part from the inner lining of the uterus and in part from other membranes?
The prokaryotic cells that built stromatolites are classified as _____.'
The prokaryotic cells that built stromatolites are classified as bacterial and archaean prokaryotic cells.
Explanation:The prokaryotic cells that built stromatolites are classified as d. bacterial and archaean prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotes are predominantly single-celled organisms of the domains Bacteria and Archaea. Stromatolites are layered rock-like structures formed by the activities of prokaryotes, specifically bacteria and archaea, that live in shallow water environments.
An example of natural selection is the tail of a male peacock. The females of the species choose mates based on the colors of the males’ tail feathers. If females begin using different criteria than feather color when they choose mates, what would most likely happen to the tails of peacocks over time?
increased variation in tail feather color because the selection pressure has been relieved
increased variation in tail feather color because the peacocks try different ways to impress the females
decreased variation in tail feather color because no form of the trait is advantageous
decreased variation in tail feather color because the only reason for variation was selection pressure
Why might it be important to preserve areas with high biodiversity?
Answer:
It's important because we must preserve and conserve such important areas.
Explanation:
Poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms are called
Microorganisms produce poisonous substances known as toxins. These include endotoxins and exotoxins, which are involved in the pathogen's ability to invade and damage body tissues. Remarkable examples are the mycotoxins produced by molds and the potent toxins produced by Bacillus anthracis.
Explanation:Poisonous substances produced by certain microorganisms are referred to as toxins. These toxins can be categorized further into endotoxins and exotoxins. They facilitate the ability of the pathogen to invade and cause damage to the host body, a characteristic called toxigenicity.
For instance, molds, a type of fungi, produce poisonous substances called mycotoxins. In bacterial microorganisms, some produce virulent factors to evade the immune system, including the M protein found in the fimbriae of certain Streptococcus species or the protective mycolic acid coat produced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Pathogens such as Bacillus anthracis, responsible for anthrax, release potent toxins causing severe symptoms like edema, hypoxia, necrosis and eventually can lead to patient's death if untreated properly.
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Joe and Ted are both suffering from a hereditary disease, as described in the following table. Description of Disease Patient Description Joe High blood glucose levels, low insulin levels detected in blood Ted The red blood cells become curved to lower the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood Which disease(s) are Joe and Ted suffering from?
Answer:
joe is suffering from diabetes and ted from anemia easy peasy
Explanation:
According to the question, Joe is suffering from Diabetes, while Ted is suffering from Sickle cell anemia.
What is a Hereditary disease?A hereditary disease may be defined as a type of disease or disorder that is caused by the alterations in the genes or chromosomes that are passed down from parent to child.
Some examples of hereditary diseases are Sickle cell anemia, Cystic fibrosis, Marfan syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, Colorblindness, etc.
The disorder of diabetes has symptoms like high blood glucose levels due to the low production of insulin.
While the symptoms of sickle cell anemia generally include the appearance of the curved or sickle-like appearance of red blood cells, and due to such alterations there is a reduction in the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood.
Therefore, according to the question, Joe is suffering from Diabetes, while Ted is suffering from Sickle cell anemia.
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What is the best tube for collecting an ethanol specimen?
Final answer:
The best tube for collecting an ethanol specimen is a blood tube containing K2EDTA to preserve the integrity of the ethanol and prevent clotting of the blood.
Explanation:
The best tube for collecting an ethanol specimen would be a tube that is compatible with ethanol and can prevent contamination or evaporation. One commonly used tube for this purpose is a blood tube containing dipotassium ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (K2EDTA). K2EDTA helps to preserve the integrity of the ethanol in the specimen and prevent clotting of the blood. Other tubes, such as those containing heparin, can also be used depending on the specific requirements of the test.
Which product of combustion contributes most to the greenhouse effect?
The double membrane around the nucleus is called the
Answer:
C. nuclear envelope
Explanation:
The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane, known as the nuclear envelope, with nuclear pores. Mitochondria - this is the site of aerobic respiration within the cell. They are surrounded by a double membrane (envelope), with the inner membrane folded into finger-like projections called cristae.
The double membrane around the nucleus is called the nuclear envelope
what are the function of nucleus ?
The nucleus controls and regulates all cellular activities like growth and metabolism and carries the genes and systems that include the hereditary statistics.
The nucleus is responsible for storing the cell's hereditary cloth or the DNA, coordinate the essential cell activities along with protein synthesis, cellular division, growth, and a bunch of other critical features.
It is referred as the controlling center of the cell, brain of the cell; The Nucleolus of the nucleus is described as the factory of ribosomes which are actively involved in protein synthesis.
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All of the following are common shapes of bacteria except rod spiral sphere square
Varieties of plants in which self-fertilization produces offspring that are identical to the parents are referred to as monohybrid crosses. the f2 generation. hybrids. true-breeding.
Plants that reproduce through self-fertilization and produce offspring that are identical to the parents are referred to as true-breeding.
Explanation:Plants that reproduce through self-fertilization and produce offspring that are identical to the parents are referred to as true-breeding. This means that the plants have certain traits that are consistently passed down to their offspring.
An example of true-breeding plants is when a red-flowered plant always produces red-flowered offspring. These plants are genetically identical to the parent and are homozygous for that specific trait (such as flower color).
This concept is important in genetics and helps scientists understand patterns of inheritance and traits in populations.
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_____ is a special case of explosive speciation in which new species form rapidly in response to numerous "open" ecological niches. peripatric speciation adaptive radiation allopatric speciation co-speciation sympatric speciation
Final answer:
Adaptive radiation is a form of rapid speciation where new species evolve to fill different ecological niches, often after a mass disaster or colonization event provides access to new resources.
Explanation:
Adaptive radiation is a special case of explosive speciation in which new species form rapidly in response to numerous "open" ecological niches. It involves the relatively rapid evolution from a single species to several species to fill a diversity of available ecological niches.
Examples include the cichlid fish in East Africa's lakes and Darwin's finches in the Galapagos, where a population experiences speciation following a mass disaster or colonization of a new area with diverse habitats. These events provide access to a range of unexploited resources and niches, leading to the diversification of the species.
3 why might a horticulturist not want a plant to reproduce sexually by seeds
Horticulture is the branch of plant agriculture which uses asexual or vegetative reproduction. This means that is based on the ability of plants to regenerate tissues and parts. As a result of asexual reproduction, the plants are the same, cloned (there is no genetic variation like in reproduction that uses seeds, sexual). Three reasons why might a horticulturist not want a plant to reproduce sexually by seeds:
1. In asexual reproduction superior plant may be reproduced endlessly without variation,
2. Asexual reproduction may be an easier technique,
3. Asexual reproduction is faster because there are no seed dormancy problems and the juvenile nonflowering stage is eliminated or reduced.
The major source of imbalance in the carbon cycle is the result of
A) human activities.
B) changes in Earth's orbit.
C) increased volcanic activity.
D) changes in weather patterns.
What does a fern have in common with an apple tree?
Ferns and apple trees, despite being different types of plants, share some key features. Both are vascular plants, use photosynthesis, and have a life cycle that involves alternation of generations. However, the specifics of these shared characteristics can vary.
Explanation:A fern and an apple tree share some common characteristics despite belonging to different plant groups. Both are part of the larger group of vascular plants, meaning they have specialized tissues (xylem and phloem) that conduct water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. This allows them to grow larger and live in a diversity of habitats.
Another common feature is their usage of photosynthesis for energy. They both possess photosynthetic tissues, whether it's in the fronds of a fern or the leaves of an apple tree, that allow them to capture sunlight and convert it into chemical energy. This is a fundamental characteristic shared by almost all the green plants.
Finally, they also exhibit the phenomenon of alternation of generations in their life cycle, involving the shift between a diploid stage (the sporophyte) and a haploid stage (the gametophyte). It's important to note, however, that this process differs between the two: in the apple tree - a seed plant - the dominant, most visible stage is the sporophyte, whereas in a fern, although the sporophyte is also dominant, the gametophyte stage is independent and free-living.
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Dynamic equilibrium receptors are found in the __________? select one:
a. eardrum
b. outer ear
c. semicircular canals
d. stirrup
Dynamic equilibrium receptors are located in the semicircular canals of the inner ear. They keep track of our balance by sensing head rotations in three planes or axes and guiding our body to react accordingly.
Explanation:The Dynamic equilibrium receptors, also known as vestibular receptors, are located in the semicircular canals of the inner ear. These receptors help maintain our body's balance by sensing rotational movements of the head.
Essentially, when you move your head, the fluid in these canals shifts, stimulating the dynamic equilibrium receptors and signaling the brain about the movement and the direction it has occurred.
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HIV acts by attaching to receptors on the surfaces of T-cells that aid other lymphocytes in fighting infection. Once HIV is inside a cell, its RNA is reverse-transcribed and its product DNA is integrated into the host cell. It then directs the production of new virus particles. As time goes on the number of T-cells A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same. D) is unpredictable.
Answer:
B) decreases.
Explanation:
The HIV virus acts within the cells of the immune system, responsible for the body's defense. After entering the cell, HIV begins to act and integrate into the genetic code of the infected cell. The cells most affected by the virus are called T-CD4, which are used by HIV to make copies of itself.
Each time this cell, when infected, divides, it produces a copy of its genetic code and, at the same time, a copy of the virus's genetic code.
Infected by the virus, the cells of the immune system begin to function less efficiently until, over time, the body's ability to fight common diseases diminishes and is subject to the onset of opportunistic diseases.
The food webs that horse fly is integrated in and how it contributes to trophic levels of ecosystem?
The source of evidence refers to _____.
A. how reliable the information is
B. the type of information collected
C. where the information came from
D. the experimental groups being studied
The source of evidence refers to C. where the information came from.
There are two sources of evidence the primary or original source or evidence and secondary source. The primary source, in history, is anything that serves as an original source of information about the topic. It could be an artifact, document, manuscript, diary, autobiography and the like. Moreover, in the field of journalism, a primary source can be a person that has a personal or direct knowledge of a subject or situation or a written document by such a person. Meanwhile, secondary sources are evidences or sources that are extracted or build upon primary sources.
The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called __________. discharge evaporation infiltration transpiration
Infiltration is the process by which surface water becomes groundwater, involving the seeping of water into the soil and rocks, eventually recharging the groundwater stores beneath the Earth's surface.
Explanation:The process by which surface water becomes groundwater is called infiltration. This process involves the seeping of water on the ground surface into the soil and rocks. The water then moves through the pores and spaces in the soil or rock, thereby recharging the groundwater stores that lie beneath the Earth's surface. This entire process plays a significant role in the water cycle.
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Two pea plants, hybrid for a single trait, produce 60 pea plants. approximately how many of the pea plants are expected to exhibit the recessive trait. 15. a student crossed wrinkled-seeded (rr) pea plants with round-seeded (rr) pea plants. only round seeds were produced in the resulting plants. this illustrates the principle of.'
The genotype of the round pea parent plant cannot be determined from the provided data, but if it's heterozygous, the probability that all three progeny will have round peas is 12.5%.
Explanation:In pea plants, round peas (R) are dominant to wrinkled peas (r). When performing a test cross between a pea plant with wrinkled peas (genotype rr) and a plant of unknown genotype that has round peas (potentially genotype RR or Rr), and you obtain offspring plants that all have round peas, you cannot conclusively determine the genotype of the round pea parent plant based solely on this outcome. However, if we assume that the round pea parent plant is heterozygous (genotype Rr), the probability of all offspring displaying round peas can be calculated.
Considering Mendelian inheritance, a heterozygous round pea plant (Rr) crossed with a homozygous recessive wrinkled pea plant (rr) would result in a 1:1 ratio of round to wrinkled peas among the progeny. To find the probability that all three progeny are round peas, we would calculate it as (1/2) x (1/2) x (1/2) because each offspring has a 50% chance of inheriting the dominant round pea allele. Therefore, the probability would be 1/8 or 12.5%.
Approximately 15 out of 60 hybrid pea plants are expected to exhibit the recessive trait.
The cross demonstrates the principle of dominance, where the dominant allele masks the recessive allele.
In pea plants, round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds (r). When two hybrid plants (Rr) are crossed, the possible offspring genotypes are:
25% RR (homozygous dominant, round)50% Rr (heterozygous, round)25% rr (homozygous recessive, wrinkled)Therefore, out of 60 offspring, approximately 25% will display the recessive trait, which amounts to 15 plants (0.25 * 60 = 15).
Principle of Dominance
Crossing wrinkled-seeded (rr) pea plants with round-seeded (RR) plants and getting only round seeds demonstrates the principle of dominance, where the dominant allele (R) masks the expression of the recessive allele (r).The principle of dominance, also known as Mendel's first law or the law of dominance, is a fundamental concept in genetics that describes the relationship between alleles of a single gene.The principle of dominance is crucial for understanding how genetic traits are inherited and expressed in organisms, providing the foundation for Mendelian genetics and subsequent developments in the field of genetics and inheritance.The most important estrogen is estradiol and the most important androgen is
The most important androgen is testosterone. It is a hormone that influences male traits and reproductive activity, similar to the role of estradiol in females.
Explanation:The most important androgen is testosterone. Androgens are a group of hormones that play a role in male traits and reproductive activity. Among them, testosterone is the most prominent. It's produced primarily in the testes of males, although small amounts are also produced in the ovaries of females and the adrenal glands of both sexes. Testosterone is essential for the development of male reproductive tissues, the promotion of secondary sexual characteristics, and the influence on libido, energy, and immune function. Like estradiol, an estrogen, plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system, testosterone has a similar significance in the male reproductive system.
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In males, the most prominent androgen is testosterone. It is responsible for the development of male reproductive organs, the production of sperm, and the onset of secondary sex characteristics.
Explanation:The most important androgen, similar to how estradiol is the most important estrogen, is testosterone. Testosterone is a steroid hormone predominantly produced in the Leydig cells of the male testes. This hormone is crucial for the formation of male sexual organs during embryonic development and the initiation of spermatogenesis, or the production of sperm, during puberty. Testosterone also plays a role in developing secondary sex characteristics in males, such as the deepening of the voice and the growth of facial hair.
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When plants make "food" by photosynthesis, they change the energy in sunlight to?
An ion channel that opens when neurotransmitter binds to it is called a __________-gated channel.
An ion channel that opens when neurotransmitter binds to it is called a ligand-gated channel. Ligand-gated channel is a group of transmembrane ion channel proteins which open to allow the passage of ions such as Na+, K+ through the membrane upon activation by a specific chemical such as a neurotransmitter.
Severe edema in pregnant women may be a symptom of what health condition?