what are two sources of thermal energy in earth's interior?

Answers

Answer 1
Final answer:

The two principal sources of thermal energy in Earth's interior are radioactive decay of certain isotopes and residual heat left from Earth's formation. Both these sources help in keeping Earth's core extremely hot.

Explanation:

The Earth's interior retains a massive amount of thermal energy that originates from two main sources, namely radioactive decay and residual heat from the Earth's formation.

Radioactive decay occurs when unstable isotopes (such as 238 U and 40 K) break down, releasing energy in the form of heat. Given the vast number of radioactive nuclei present within the Earth, this decay significantly contributes to the planet's internal energy.

The second source, residual heat, is left over from the Earth's formation approximately 4.5 billion years ago. This heat resulted from the conversion of kinetic and potential energy into thermal energy during Earth's initial formation process.

Both these sources contribute to keeping the Earth's core very hot - a reality that challenges traditional understanding of heat transfer, as our planet's interior has remained molten over a significantly long period.

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Answer 2
Final answer:

The two primary sources of thermal energy in Earth's interior are the residual heat from the planet's formation and the heat produced by the decay of radioactive elements like uranium-238 and potassium-40. This thermal energy is then transferred to Earth's surface mostly through convection.

Explanation:

The Earth's interior contains a substantial amount of heat, or thermal energy. The two primary sources of this heat are from 1) the residual heat from the planet's formation and 2) heat produced by the decay of radioactive elements.

When the Earth was in the process of forming, approximately 4.5 billion years ago, kinetic energy from colliding particles was converted into heat. While most of this original heat energy has since been lost to space, a significant portion remains in the planet's interior. This is known as the residual heat.

The second major source of heat in the Earth's interior is due to the decay of radioactive elements like uranium-238 and potassium-40. As these elements break down, or decay, they release heat. Given the extensive length of these elements' half-lives, this process continues to generate a significant amount of heat within the Earth's interior.

The thermal energy generated from these sources is then transferred to the Earth's surface mainly through convection, a process by which warmer, less dense materials rise and cooler, denser materials sink. This process can be seen in the movement of tectonic plates and volcanic activity.

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Related Questions

Meiosis, Mitosis, or Both? “Required for survival”

Question 16 options:

Meiosis


Mitosis


Both

Answers

I believe both, is the answer your looking for
I would say both but they both serve different purposes

What is a mutation, and how does it relate to evolution?

Answers

Hi there!

A mutation occurs when there is a slight change or, rather, mistake in passing down genes from an organism to its offspring or identical copy. The mutation may be very small and unnoticeable, and it may also be big enough to notice (such as better hearing). Mutations relate to evolution because when animals mutate, natural selection occurs, and as more and more mutations occur, different species may start to evolve, thus tying in with evolution.

Hope this helps!

This is the kingdom of heterotrophs that obtain energy and nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter.

Answers

This is the kingdom Fungi.

Fungi are eukaryotic organisms including microscopic (like yeast) and macroscopic (like mushrooms) organisms. Their typical characteristic is chitin in their cell walls. Fungi are heterotrophs which means they cannot produce their own food, thus they absorb dissolved molecules, usually by secreting digestive enzymes into their environment. Fungi are the principal decomposers because of their ability to decompose of organic matter and thus, have fundamental roles in nutrient cycling.

Answer:   fungi

Explanation:

what is small bodies from which the planets formed

Answers

The answer is Asteroids
Asteroids are the smallest bodies.

Hope this Helped!

;D
Brainliest??

Select all that apply which of the following are taxonomic kingdoms? Select all that apply
-Plantae
-animalla
-mammalia
-Protista
-reptilia
-fungi
-Archae
-Eubacteria
-Eukarya

Answers

animalla protista eubacteria mammilia fungi plantae

The taxonomic kingdoms include Kingdom Plantae, Kingdom Animalia, Kingdom Fungi, Kingdom Protista, and Kingdom Monera, which is now divided into the domains Archaea and Bacteria among the prokaryotes.

The taxonomic kingdoms, which are a part of the classification system for living organisms, include the following:

Kingdom PlantaeKingdom AnimaliaKingdom FungiKingdom ProtistaKingdom Monera (divided into Archaea and Bacteria, representing the prokaryotes)

Within the domain Eukarya, there are also the kingdoms that include eukaryotic organisms: Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia. These kingdoms are different from the Archaea and Bacteria, which are prokaryotic. It's important to note that within modern taxonomy, the three-domain system comprises Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. The former Kingdom Monera has been split into the domains Bacteria and Archaea.

Which is a correct statement about vascular plant

Answers

A vascular plant has vascular tissue such as a xylem and a phloem. Vascular plants have the tendencies to be bigger than non-vascular plants. The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots up to the top of the plant. The phloem transports sugars and nutrients from the leaves down to the bottom of the plant.

what limits the species of plants that can grow in an area

Answers

All plants need certain living conditions to prosper, so depending on what kind of conditions there are, depends on what kind of plant species will be in that area. The most important limiting factors for the plant species are the sunlight, temperature, water, and soil. If there are high temperatures, high amounts of precipitation, and lot of sunlight, we can expect tropical species of plants. If there are moderate amounts of precipitation, less intense sunlight, change of seasons, then it is the temperate species of plants that can be expected. If we have low and weak amount of sunlight, very low temperatures, and very low precipitation, then it will plant species of the tundra type that can be expected.

what is the purpose of a conclusion in the scientific method

Answers

The conclusion is the gathering and understanding of the data that has been collected

The conclusion in the scientific method serves to summarize experimental findings and their importance, answer the initial scientific questions, and suggest further research areas, thus advancing collective knowledge.

The purpose of a conclusion in the scientific method is to summarize the importance of the experimental findings. A conclusion should answer the scientific questions posed at the beginning of the research, but it should also leave the door open for further questions and exploration. By summarizing the results and their implications, the conclusion allows other researchers to continue and expand on the findings, fostering a continuous cycle of inquiry and discovery. Conclusions are integral to academic work because they provide closure while also suggesting future avenues of research, thus contributing to the collective knowledge in a particular field.

What is the main difference between a producer and a consumer? Give an example to support your answer

Answers

producers have the ability to make their own food using an energy source, like the sun. An example of this would be a plant.
Consumers are broken into two groups: primary and secondary. 
Primary consumers are the herbivores that eat the producers. 
Secondary consumers are the carnivores that eat the primary consumers.
Deer are herbivores and wolves are carnivores; they are both consumers.
So the main difference between producers and consumer are that producers make their own food and consumers can't. They eat producers and other consumers.

BRAINIEST FIRST ONE WHO RIGHT AND ASAP 67 POINTS REMEMBER ASAP!!!!!!!!!!!
A person has developed a condition where his heart valves are damaged. Use complete sentences to explain the effects of such a condition on the circulatory system.

Answers

Since the mans heart valves are damaged, the mans circulatory system has a possibility of getting clogged up, slowed down, or stopped because the blood is not as able as it was to get to the heart to be cleaned and pumped back out throughout the body. 

The man's heart valves are damaged, which increases the risk of the circulatory system becoming obstructed, slowed down, or stopping since the blood is less likely to reach the heart to also be cleaned and pumped back out into the body than it once was.

What is circulatory system?

A human or other vertebrate's complete body is circulated by a system of organs called the blood circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood arteries, and blood itself. It contains the heart and blood vessels-based cardiovascular system, often known as the vascular system.

Via a system of arteries and veins, the heart circulates blood throughout the body (blood vessels). The cardiovascular system is another name for the circulatory system. Vascular relates to blood vessels, while cardio is the word for the heart. All of the body's tissues receive blood from the circulatory system so they can work.

Thus, the man's heart valves are damaged, which increases the risk of the circulatory system becoming obstructed, slowed down, or stopping since the blood is less likely to reach the heart to also be cleaned and pumped back out into the body than it once was.

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In what times of year are tropical cyclones most likely to form? A. Summer and fall B. Spring and summer C. Winter and spring D. Fall and winter

Answers

Answer:

B.

Explanation:

In spring and summer where storms are more present and frequent. During summer, there is more moisture in the air (since more water evaporates during summers heat), an important ingredient for storm-formation.

Hope it helped,

BiologiaMagister

Explain why bone marrow can be called tissue

Answers

Answer:

Bone marrow can be called tissue because it is a complex and organized structure composed of multiple cell types and extracellular components that work together to perform specific functions.

Explanation:

Bone marrow is considered tissue because it possesses the characteristics of organization, specialized functions, cellular composition, and extracellular components that define tissues in the human body. It plays a vital role in blood cell production and is a structured and organized part of the body's anatomy.

A method by which plants are grow in solutions of nutrients instead of soil

Answers

hydroponics is method by which plant are grow in solution

which of the filling is a bacterial disease? a) flu b) cholera c) measles d)common cold

Answers

The flu is a viral disease.
Cholera is a bacterial disease in the small intestine.
Measles is a viral disease.
The common cold is a viral disease.

Cholera is the only bacterial disease in this list.

which phase of mitotic division is the highlighted cell undergoing

Answers

The answer is the telophase.

In the given image, the marked portion shows a cell undergoing mitotic cell division and it is in the telophase of the division. In the telophase a complete set of identical chromosomes is reached at each pole of the cell. The spindle breaks down and disappear. The nuclear membrane starts to form around each set of daughter chromosomes.

Final answer:

The phase of mitotic division of a cell cannot be accurately determined without a visual or description. However, the phases of mitosis are Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.

Explanation:

The highlighted cell's phase in mitotic division cannot be determined without an image or description. Nevertheless, the phases of mitotic division include: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase. Here's a brief overview of these phases:

Prophase: The chromosomes condense and the mitotic spindle forms. Metaphase: The chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate. Anaphase: Sister chromatids separate and are pulled towards opposite sides of the cell. Telophase: The nuclear envelope re-forms and the chromosomes decondense.

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What are the answers?? I need help!!

Answers


No, the body was not in homeostasis the whole time. Between 7 and 8.5 hours, the body's temp rises, so it corrects itself from 8.5 to ten hours. Then homeostasis is acquired again.

Is MRSA a eukaryotic or prokaryotic structure?

Answers

 MRSA have prokaryotic structure

MRSA can also be refers to as methicillin resistant staphyloccous aureus and known to be strain of staphyloccous aureus.  Also, they are characterized by their resistance to antibiotics methicillin. However, prokaryotic cell are known to be less complex cell with visible structure and they are also characterized by nucleus absent.

1. Describe how radio telescopes are used to explore space.

Answers

Radio telescope picks up the radio spectrum of electromagnetic waves from celestial bodies (just like telescopes like the Hubble pick up visible light – only that radio waves are invisible to our eyes). They are therefore used to detect objects in space that produces radio waves. Examples are quasars and pulsars. Radio telescopes also enable astronomers to be whats beyond gas and dust in space that blocks out most of the visible light spectrum.

Answer:

Radio waves from space are sensed by a giant parabolic reflector which concentrates them toward the top of a focusing antenna. A radio receptor converts the radio waves into electrical signals which are amplified and then transmitted to the center of the parabola. They are then recorded and analyzed in the laboratory so that scientists can obtain a radio image of the source observed. The parabolic antenna can usually be oriented to detect radio waves from all directions of space.

The easiest way to recognize food contaminated with spoilage bacteria

Answers

It might have mold On The surface

either its gonna have mold or its going to smell bad

the chemical composition of a star can be determined using a

Answers

absorption spectra is your answer. i had the same multiple choice question last year

Which Of The Following Most Accurately describe the result of cell division without differentiation?

Answers

Final answer:

Cell division without differentiation results in genetically identical cells without the acquisition of distinct functions. This occurs in early development but is insufficient for the growth and complexity needed in mature organisms. Differentiation is vital for cells to perform specialized roles within an organism.

Explanation:Result of Cell Division Without Differentiation

The result of cell division without differentiation leads to the production of multiple cells that are genetically identical to the original cell and to each other. In the context of development, cell division without differentiation occurs during the early stages when a fertilized egg divides to form a multicellular organism of the same size as the original cell. This is because the original cell contains ample 'materials' for creating daughter cells without the need for growth. However, for further development, growth is essential as it allows for the accumulation of materials necessary for continued cell division. In more mature organisms, such as most plants and animals, cell division through mitosis results in differentiated cells that adopt specific functions within the organism.

During mitosis, a single cell goes through phases - prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase, which are stages of division that end in cytokinesis. This leads to two identical daughter cells. However, differentiation is fundamental for the development of complex organisms from a fertilized egg to various specialized cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells. Without differentiation, the cells cannot perform distinct functions necessary for the organism’s survival.

Additional complexity in cell division includes the role of stem cells, which can divide indefinitely and, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells. This shows the importance of both cell division and differentiation in the growth and development of multicellular organisms.

the study of living things and their environment is called

Answers

Hello there! I believe your answer would be ecology. :) 

ecology. 1. The study of the relationships between living organisms and their environment.

I hope this helps! Cheerio, and have a lovely day. 

Answer: Ecology

Explanation: Ecology is a branch of biology which studies living things in relation with their environment. Ecology is the relationship between and among living organisms and their biophysical environment. Their biophysical environment may includes both biotic and abiotic components.

what system allows you to walk, talk and breathe.

Answers

the system that allows you to walk,talk, and breathe is your respiratory system

The body system that allows a person to walk, talk, and breathe is the respiratory system. The respiratory system is composed of the airway, the lungs, and the muscles of the respiration. The respiratory system allows a person to taken in the air allowing him to breathe in the oxygen, and breathe out the carbon-dioxide. The ability to speak is also dependent on the breathing in of the air. The person can walk, or run, as a thanks to his respiratory system, which is constantly inhaling oxygen to provide him the energy.

Hence, the answer is 'respiratory system'.

Which three organ systems are directly interacting when a persons brain sends a signal to the persons arm, causing the arm to move up and down

Answers

 The three organ systems involved in arm movements are:  
 1. Nervous system (central and peripheral)
The movements of the muscles are coordinated and controlled by the brain. The motor cortex of the brain sends an electrical signal through the spinal cord and peripheral nerves to the muscles which cause them to contract and make a move.
 2. Muscle system
The skeletal muscles are attached to arm bone and via quickly and powerfully contractions (shorten or tighten) make a movement.
 3. Skeletal system
Joints are part of the skeletal system and are the connections made between bones. They are highly moveable and that makes the skeleton flexible and capable for movement.

cross a plant that is heterozygous for green pods with a plant that has yellow pods

Answers

G=Green....because your starting plant is heterozygous it must be Gg
g = yellow ....because yellow is recessive, it must be gg

Gg x gg 

Do a Punnet Square and you get
Gg (2)
gg (2)
So half of your plants will be green (but heterozygous) and half will be yellow (homozygous)
Final answer:

Using a Punnett square, crossing a heterozygous green pod plant (Gg) with a yellow pod plant (gg) will result in a 1:1 genotypic and phenotypic ratio of green to yellow pods due to the dominance of the green allele.

Explanation:

When crossing a plant that is heterozygous for green pods (Gg) with a plant that has yellow pods (which is the recessive phenotype, so the genotype would be gg), we need to set up a Punnett square to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of the offspring. The parent with green pods has one allele for green (G) and one for yellow (g), while the yellow-podded plant has two alleles for yellow (gg).

The Punnett square will have two rows and two columns, with the alleles from one parent along the top and the alleles from the other parent along the side. After filling in the Punnett square, the expected genotypes for the offspring would be Gg and gg. This means that there will be a 1:1 ratio of heterozygous green pods to homozygous yellow pods in the offspring. Since green is the dominant trait, the phenotypic ratio will also be 1:1, showing an equal number of green and yellow pods.

A population of mammals originally lived in a certain area surrounded by land. Then, some of the organisms were taken to an island. These two populations remained separated for hundreds of years.

Which of the following is most likely true of the organisms within the populations?

 A. 

The organisms on the island are slightly different than those on the mainland.

 B. 

The organisms on the island are exactly the same as those on the mainland.

 C. 

The organisms on the island are no longer a mammalian species like those on the mainland.

 D. 

The organisms on the island are completely different than those on the mainland.

Answers

I think it would be A due to animal adaptation over hundreds of years. Hope this helps. :)

Final answer:

The organisms on the island are likely slightly different than the mainland population due to their isolation and unique evolutionary pressures, resulting in speciation and the development of endemic species. The most likely true statement regarding the organisms within the populations is: A. The organisms on the island are slightly different than those on the mainland.

Explanation:

The organisms on the island are most likely slightly different than those on the mainland. This phenomenon is consistent with the principles of island biogeography, where isolated populations experience different environmental pressures and evolutionary paths, resulting in speciation or the development of endemic species. This has been observed in examples across the world, such as the marsupials of Australia, the finches of the Galápagos Islands, and the diverse species of the Hawaiian Islands. These species began as similar to their mainland ancestors but evolved uniquely due to their isolated conditions. The concept of a mainland-island metapopulation suggests the mainland may act as a source for genetic diversity, while the island populations evolve independently. Over hundreds of years of separation, the organisms on the island likely adapted to new challenges, leading to slight differences as compared to their mainland counterparts.

Please help me!

Based on the model...

a. This is an illustration of a(n) __________ factor.

b. The biotic and abiotic factors share a(n) ___________.

Answers

a. This is an illustration of a(n) limiting factor.
Limiting factor is the factor that absence/presence will limit the growth of the organism. In this case, rain would be the limiting factor. The absence of rain will cause lower plants population which are the primary producer. Lower plant population will decrease the consumer population too. In other words, 


b. The biotic and abiotic factors share a(n) ecosystem
Abiotic factor is a factor that composed of the non-living component while the biotic factor is the living organism. In this case, rain would be the abiotic factor. Flower, insect, frog, and bird would be the biotic factor. They both share an ecosystem where they interact with each other.

How can you reduce the amount of waste that is sent to landfills?
a. purchase a reusable grocery bag each time you shop
b. compost food scraps and yard waste
c. place broken electronics in the garbage can
d. use disposable dishes and cutlery at parties

Answers

A. purchase a reusable grocery bag. This is because, instead of throwing away the food, you are using it for something else. C and D are incorrect, because you are still wasting reusable materials, and B isn't correct, because --although reusing food for compost helps -- it wouldn't end up going to a landfill.
Answer is Compost food scraps and yard waste.

Please help me this is due today!

Describe the similarities and differences (compare and contrast) of the circulatory system of plants and animals.

Answers

Animals must have nutrients and oxygen to reach every cell in their body.
Plants must have nutrients and carbon dioxide to reach every cell in their body.
  

Final answer:

Plant and animal circulatory systems both transport substances but differ in mechanisms; plants use passive transport, while animals have an active system with heart, blood, and vessels.

Explanation:

Similarities and Differences between Plant and Animal Circulatory Systems

Both plant and animal circulatory systems are crucial for the transportation of substances throughout the organism. In plants, this occurs through a system made up of xylem and phloem, which transport water and nutrients. In animals, the circulatory system is more complex and involves the heart, blood, and a network of blood vessels.

Similarities

Both systems serve to transport nutrients, water, and waste products.Both systems are essential for maintaining homeostasis within the organism.

Differences

Plants use a passive transport system where water is moved via transpiration and nutrients via diffusion, while animals have an active circulatory system driven by the heart's pumping action.Animal circulatory systems can be either open or closed. In an open circulatory system, hemolymph bathes organs directly. In a closed circulatory system, blood is contained within vessels, and interstitial fluid bathes the cells.Plants do not have a central pump like the heart, nor do they have blood. Their circulatory system is not involved in gas exchange, which is done via stomata in leaves, whereas animals use their circulatory system for transporting gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide.The animal circulatory system is more complex and involves pulmonary circulation (carrying blood to the lungs to be oxygenated) and systemic circulation (delivering oxygen to the body).

The circulatory system is a testament to the evolution and complexity of living organisms, reflecting the increased demands of multicellular life.

which base has the smallest base dissociation constant

Answers

Ammonia is correct answer.


Ammonia it has the smallest base dissociation constant.


Hope it helped you.

-Charlie

Thanks!
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