Bobby ate a granola bar and then went for a run. He ran for one mile and sweat heavily while listening to music on his iPod. Bobby's body transformed chemical energy from the granola bar into

F. Electrical and Sound Energy
G. Electrical and Heat Energy
H. Mechanical and Heat Energy
J. Mechanical and Light Energy

Fossils of birds, dinosaurs, and Archaeopteryx found in distinct sedimentary layers illustrate the evolution of birds from their dinosaurian ancestors. Archaeopteryx, exhibiting characteristics of both dinosaurs and birds, serves as crucial evidence of this evolutionary transition, supporting the concept of species evolving over time and sharing common ancestors.

The investigation of fossils from sedimentary rock layers reveals the chronological history of life on Earth. The fossil record has depicted the emergence of birds from their dinosaurian ancestors within the clade Dinosauria. The significant transition from dinosaurs to birds is highlighted by the discovery of Archaeopteryx fossils, which exhibit a blend of traits from both theropod dinosaurs and modern birds. For instance, Archaeopteryx had feathered wings suitable for flight, a feature typical of modern birds, alongside a jaw with teeth and a long bony tail, more akin to dinosaurs. Since the dinosaur fossils were found in a lower sedimentary layer compared to that of Archaeopteryx, it indicates that Archaeopteryx lived after dinosaurs. Meanwhile, bird fossils found in the topmost layer suggest they are more recent, depicting the evolutionary trajectory from dinosaurs, through Archaeopteryx, to modern birds. This fossil evidence supports the theory of evolution by illustrating a progression from ancient species to contemporary forms, and indicates that modern birds, despite the diverse classification into Paleognathae, Galloanserae, and Neoaves, share a common ancestor with maniraptoran dinosaurs, corroborating the idea that modern species evolved through time.

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Final answer:

Fins or flippers are the physical feature of the manatee that allows it to live in water, aiding in movement and stability within its aquatic environment.

Explanation:

Identifying an external physical feature of the manatee that allows it to live in water: fins or flippers are critical for the manatee's aquatic life. These appendages serve as adaptations that enable manatees to efficiently propel themselves through their aquatic habitat, facilitate maneuvering, and maintain stability in the water, which are essential for an aquatic mammal like the manatee. Unlike fish that have gills to 'breathe' oxygen in water, manatees must surface to breathe every so often. However, fins or flippers are more related to swimming in water than the manatee's need to breathe air.

Some other adaptations in different aquatic animals include gills in fish, streamlined bodies to minimize water resistance, and specialized muscles for movement. This contrasts with manatees, which rely on fins or flippers for locomotion and do not have gills since they are mammals and need to surface for air. Manatees also have other features, such as a thick layer of blubber for insulation and eyes adapted for underwater vision, which also support their life in aquatic environments. Hence, the correct answer is C. Fins or flippers.

C

Arabian plate and Eurasian plate

The organism is defined as the individual form of life, which has the ability to carry out vital functions. The plants, animals, cells, and microorganisms are the organisms carrying out essential functions.

Organisms like fungi, animals, plants, microorganisms are considered as the biotic components, which carry out the vital functions necessary for survival and organisms.

The functions like growth, development, energy processing, response to the abiotic components, reproduction, and homeostasis are some of the vital functions that are required for the survival of organisms.

Thus, the organism is an individual form of life that carries out necessary functions.

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Answer:

60 million years ago

Explanation:

The formula needed for this problem to calculate the correct number of years is:

Number of Base Pair Mutations × (Number of Years ÷ Mutation Rate) = Years of Evolution

Just like in math, simply substitute the corresponding numbers to get the desired answer:

6 Base Pair Mutations × (20,000,000 Years ÷ 1 Mutation) = 120,000,000 Years of Evolution

Then, divide the amount of time that separates these two species in half to determine how long ago their lineages shared a common ancestor. The formula needed for this part is:

Total Years of Evolution ÷ Number of Species (Lineages) = Years of Evolution From a Common Ancestor

Again, substitute the correct numbers in their place to get the answer:

120,000,000 Years of Evolution ÷ 2 Species/Lineages = 60,000,000 Years of Evolution From a Common Ancestor

Hope this helps :)

Final answer:

Two species that have molecules differing by six neutral mutations, given a mutation rate of one mutation per 20 million years, diverged from a common ancestor approximately 120 million years ago.

Explanation:

The question asks how long ago two species share a common ancestor if their molecules differ by six mutations, with the molecular clock indicating one mutation every 20 million years. To calculate the time of divergence, we multiply the number of mutations by the mutation rate. Since there are six mutations observed, and each mutation represents 20 million years of divergence, we perform the calculation of 6 mutations × 20 million years/mutation.

The calculation reveals that the two species diverged from a common ancestor 120 million years ago (6 × 20 million years = 120 million years). This period is based on the assumption that mutations as tracked by the molecular clock occur at a constant rate.

Answer:

I belive the answer is chromosphere and corona.

Explanation:

Answer:

Deforestation

Explanation:

The main environmental issue in this case is deforestation. Deforestation refers to the clearing, removal, or destruction of trees and vegetation from a forested area. This activity can have significant negative impacts on the environment.

DNA polymerase is an enzyme which carries out all forms of DNA replication. This enzyme catalyses the addition of nucleotide substrates to DNA in the 5' -3' direction during replication. Proof reading and error correction is done by the DNA polymerase. This enzyme can remove nucleotides from the end of the growing strand in order to correct mismatched bases.

Answer:

the other person is right

Explanation:

Answer:

The animals get nitrogen from the plants. The nitrogen that is present in the environment is not used by the plants in the gaseous form. The bacteria that is found in the soil fixes nitrogen and makes it usable for the plants.

The plants uptake nitrpogen in the form of nitrates. The animals that feed on these plants uptake nitriogen from it.

The animals excrete the waste materials and release nitrogen in the environment.

The 10% rule refers to the amount of energy available to the next trophic level.

The approximate hardness of an unknown mineral ranges from 5-6 on the Mohs hardness scale.

The hardness of any mineral or element is estimated by the usage of the Mohs hardness scale or by scratching the unknown element with known substances.

The hardness of fluorite is four on the Mohs scale, while the hardness of quartz is seven which is harder as compared to fluorite.

If an unknown mineral makes a scratch on fluorite but not on the quartz, its hardness will definitely be higher than fluorite but lower than quartz.

Therefore, the approximate hardness of an unknown mineral ranges from 5-6 on the Mohs hardness scale.

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Fungi reproduce both asexually through methods like budding and producing spores, and sexually by spore fusion forming a zygospore.

Asexual reproduction may occur through several methods, including budding, fragmentation of hyphae, and the production of asexual spores. Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of spores from two parental fungi to form a zygospore, leading to increased genetic diversity.

For instance, yeast, which is a type of fungi, commonly reproduces asexually by budding. In contrast, during sexual reproduction, spores fromtwo-parentt fungi combine to create a new organism with a mix of genetic material from both parents. This is evident in forms such as zygospores (from the former Zygomycota), ascospores (in Ascomycota), and basidiospores (in Basidiomycota).

Fungi's ability to reproduce in both ways allows them to adapt to environmental conditions. Quick asexual reproduction can occur when conditions are stable, while sexual reproduction can increase genetic variation when conditions are changing and such variation may be advantageous for survival.

Answer:

The question lacks options, the options are:

A). the body cell has 2n; the sex cell has 1n.

B). the body cell has 26; the sex cell has two.

C). the body cell has 1n; the sex cell has 2n.

D). the body cell has 24; the sex cell has 26

The answer is A

Explanation:

According to the question, the snapping turtle possesses 52 chromosomes in its cell. This means that the chromosomal number of its body cell is 52. However, the turtle, which reproduces sexually will produce gametes or sex cells via meiosis. Meiosis is the kind of cell division that results in daughter cells (gametes) that have a reduced number of chromosomes (by half).

Based on this, the diploid cells (2n) of the turtle with chromosome number 52 will undergo meiotic division to produce haploid gametes or sex cells (n) with chromosome number 26.

N.B: Diploid (2n) means two complete sets of chromosomes while haploid (1n) means one complete set of chromosome.

The body cell of the turtle contains two set of chromosomes received from each parent, hence, making it Diploid (2n). However, meiosis will reduce the chromosome number to one set in each gamete i.e. haploid (n).

An example of a purebred dominant allele is RR.

An allele may be defined as one or two or more alternate forms of a gene.

An example of a purebred recessive allele is rr. While the allele Rr represents the heterozygous dominant condition.

Therefore, an example of a purebred dominant allele is RR.

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Answer:

 The cleaner fish reduce the number of parasites on the larger fish.

Explanation:

The hypothalamus is accountable for monitoring some of the metabolic procedures and other activities of the autonomic nervous system. It discharges and produces some of the neurohormones, known as releasing hormones or hypothalamic hormones, and these in return inhibit or stimulate the secretion of pituitary hormones.

Thus, the correct answer is option A, that is, hypothalamus connects the endocrine and nervous systems and controls the pituitary gland.

Answer: Hydrogen Gas, heat and pressure.

Explanation: Sun is made up of hydrogen and helium gas, heat and high pressure. Sun is huge ball made up of 70 per cent of hydrogen and 28 per cent. The pressure in the sun is also high.

The sun shines because it turns hydrogen into helium by the process of nuclear fusion. This states that with time the amount of helium will be more and hydrogen will be less.

The correct answer is hydrogen gas, add heat, and remove pressure.

The correct answer is hydrogen gas, add heat, and remove pressure. In the Sun, energy is generated through a process called nuclear fusion, where hydrogen atoms combine to form helium atoms. Scientists try to recreate this process by using hydrogen gas and adding heat to initiate the fusion reaction. Removing pressure helps to create the conditions required for the fusion reaction to occur.

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The primary source of energy in most ecosystems is the sunlight. Photoautotrophs like plants capture this solar energy through photosynthesis, converting it into chemical energy (ATP) used for forming complex organic molecules. This energy is then transferred through ecosystems as these organisms are consumed.

The primary source of energy in most ecosystems is the sunlight. Organisms known as photoautotrophs, such as plants, algae, and photosynthetic bacteria, capture this energy through the process of photosynthesis. They convert solar energy to chemical energy in the form of ATP, which is used to synthesize complex organic molecules like glucose. This energy is then transferred through ecosystems as other organisms consume these photoautotrophs and use the stored energy for their metabolic activities. This process forms the basis of most food webs, making sunlight an essential energy source for life on Earth.

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What is the source of energy in most ecosystems?

Animals

Plants

Oxygen

Sunlight