Biology College


Figure 17-2 shows highest fitness toward the center of the curve. When individuals with an average form of trait have the highest fitness the result is
A-not predicable
B-disruptive selection
C-directional selection
D-stabilizing selection

Figure 17-2 Shows Highest Fitness Toward The Center Of The Curve. When Individuals With An Average Form

Answers

Answer 1
D. Stabilizing selection
Answer 2

Answer:

Option-(D): Stabilizing selection.

Explanation:

Stabilizing selection:

The process in which a limited or specific number of the species get the chance to evolve through time or they get the best of chances to survive in any environment. As some of the traits may be lost due to the stabilizing form of natural selection.

Diversity is found all across the living beings, but when the process of natural selection follows the stabilizing pathway for selection then it will surely cause the end to diversity among beings.

For example:

The number of eggs that a bird lays and along with the weight of a human being child at the time of birth can be referred to as the stabilizing form of natural selection

Figure 17-2 Shows Highest Fitness Toward The Center Of The Curve. When Individuals With An Average Form

Related Questions

Identify each family member's genotype in this pedigree for high-altitude adaptation. if you can't tell with certainty whether an individual is homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant, place the label "rr or rr" in that box.

Answers

As you can see in the pedigree presented below, the allele that enables the adaptation for living in high altitudes is recessive, meaning that two copies of this allele are necessary in order for the individual to possess this trait.

How do doctors and researchers decide whether a disease is a good candidate for gene therapy? what are the advantages and disadvantages of using viral vectors for gene therapy? what factors must be considered when choosing a vector for a gene therapy trial? a young boy suffers from neurofibromatosis type 1 (nf1), a genetic nervous system disorder that causes tumors to grow around nerve cells. the gene for nf1, approximately 8,400 base pairs long, is located on chromosome 11. what is the best candidate for a vector for gene therapy in this case? provide evidence from your research to support your choice. how does traditional gene therapy compare to the crispr-cas9 genome editing system? genome editing has many advantages for treating and preventing diseases, however there are many ethical concerns. explain one ethical concern related to genome editing. many athletes and administrators fear the widespread use of gene doping—the use of gene therapy to modify genes that improve athletic performance. describe at least two genetic modifications that would improve the performance of an athlete. make sure to mention the body system(s) affected as well as the specific goal of the therapy. explain how gene therapy can impact the future of humans as it relates to curing diseases and gene selection?

Answers

Diseases that are best candidates for gene therapy are those whose disorder has been identified to be a malfunctioning gene and the biology of the gene is well known.  Gene therapy is also viable where the proper gene can be correctly delivered and replace the malfunctioned one.

The advantage of using viruses in gene theory is their effectiveness in delivering the desired gene by tapping into their natural mechanisms of infection.  However, disadvantages include the risks of affecting healthy cells while targeting sick cells and wrong placement of the desired gene hence causing undesirable mutations in DNA.

One factor is the length of the DNA that is required to be replaced through gene therapy. Most vectors have a maximum length of DNA that they can carry for effective transduction.  Another is the range of cell types that the vector can infect and the risk of immune response/ allergic reaction/ side effects.

The best vectors are herpes or vaccinia viruses.  The viruses are able to infect non-dividing cells such as the nerve cell. The vectors can accommodate 8400 bp in their genome and the transgene expressions have the potential to last long.

Traditional gene editing techniques such as TALENS and ZFN use modular proteins that target nucleotide sequences. In the CRISPR tool, the Cas9 protein is steered by a guide RNA (which is a complementary sequence to the target sequence) to the target region.

One ethical issue of gene editing is its use in genetic enhancement to develop ‘designer babies’.  The question of who should decide on whether a trait is bad or good also complicates this matter. The morality of artificiality enhancing attributes such as strength, athletic capability, intelligence, and etcetera could lead to an unhealthy ‘arms race’  between humans.

In sports doping, gene editing could be used to enhance genes that enhance muscle strength by targeting myostatin (MSTN) and GF-1 genes. Genes that promote quick break down of lactic acid and increases oxygen capacity of the lungs and blood such as EPO gene could be targets of sports doping.

Gene editing will treat diseases and disorders by repairing the causative defective gene. This is already applicable in cystic fibrosis. Artificial gene selection will be common in future thanks to gene editing.  Future humans will, therefore, have ‘desirable traits’  or new traits depending on what is appealing to the society.


The recessive allele that causes sickle cell anemia is harmful to homozygous individuals. what maintains the presence of this allele in a population's gene pool?

Answers

The one responsible for maintain the presence of this allele in the population’s gene pool is the heterozygote advantage. It is because the advantage of having this for a sickle cell disease is that if a person has a strong heterozygote advantage and that he or she has a copy of the allele that cause the sickle cell disease, the person will likely be resistant to the disease because of the heterozygote advantage in which the heterozygote genotype has a higher relative fitness making it resistant to the disease.

Calculate what the maximum rate of translation by a ribosome in a bacterial cell would have to be, in units of amino acids per second, so as not to overtake an rna polymerase that is transcribing mrna at a rate of 60 nucleotides per second.

Answers

We have that DNA is transcribed into mRNA in a one to one fashion, namely one nucleotide of DNA is transcribed to 1 of mRNA. By the genetic code, we have that 3 nucleotides correspond to 1 amino acid. Hence, we have that if in a minute a polymerase transcribes 60 nucleotides, these correspond to 60/3 aminoacids. Hence, the rate has to be at most 20 aminoacids per minute.

Which element is found in both DNA and protein?
A.Sulfur
B.Sodium
C.Nitrogen
D.Chlorine

Answers

C. Nitrogen is found in both DNA and proteins.

The correct answer is:

Nitrogen:

Explanation:

 Nitrogen is a common happening element that is necessary for growth and reproduction in both plants and animals. It is found in amino acids that make up proteins, in nucleic acids, that constitute the genetic material and life's blueprint for all cells, and in many other organic and inorganic compounds.

A cell has damaged DNA. Which checkpoint is responsible for checking this? M checkpoint

Answers

A cell has damaged DNA. Which checkpoint is responsible for checking this? ... Only registered members have access to verified answers. Join now ... The G2 checkpoint is a DNA damage checkpoint and if DNA is damaged, entering the cell cycle is delayed before mitosis

A cell has damaged DNA. The G2 checkpoint is responsible for checking this abnormality during the cell cycle.

How many checkpoints are there in a cell cycle?

There are three major checkpoints that can be seen in the cell cycle. They are G1/S checkpoints, G2/M checkpoints, and the spindle assembly checkpoints (SAC).

The G2 checkpoint is responsible for checking the accurate replication of all chromosomes that have already been replicated. It also ensures that the replicated DNA is not damaged before the cell enters mitosis.

The G1 checkpoint prevents cells from replicating damaged forms of DNA and forces the cell to remain in the resting state.

Cell cycle checkpoints significantly regulate and control the overall mechanism of the cell cycle in eukaryotic organisms. They also ensure the accurate and valid progression of the cell cycle in each step of it.

Therefore, a cell has damaged DNA. The G2 checkpoint is responsible for checking this abnormality during the cell cycle.

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You are a researcher interested in a group of related bird species. All of these birds are fairly similar in their ecological niche, food requirements, and habitat preferences. But they vary in their mating practices. One species is polygynous and another is polyandrous with the third species being monogamous. In which species would you expect that males would produce the largest volume of sperm?

The monogamous species

The polygynous species

The polyandrous species

None of the above: all three would produce similar amounts of sperm

Answers

While studying related bird species with similar ecological niche, food requirements, and habitat preferences but different mating practices following observation are made:  

One species is polygynous Second species is polyandrous Third species being monogamous

It can be concluded that the male from the polygynous species produce the largest volume of sperm.

Further Explanation:

In polygonous species, only single male is present and many females are present in this group. In this, one male mates with many females. Thus, in this group male produce many sperm to mate with every female in the group.

In polyandrous species, only single female is present in the group and there are many males are present in this group. Many females mate with only one male. Thus, less volume of sperm is produce because only one individual is responsible for producing sperm. In monogamous species, equal number of female and males mate with each other. So, the level of production of sperm is normal.

Learn more:

Learn more about the product of photosynthesis https://brainly.com/question/873199 Learn more about cellular respiration https://brainly.com/question/8900186 Learn more about glucose https://brainly.com/question/5125550

Answer Details:

Grade: High School

Subject: Biology

Topic: Reproduction in Birds

Keywords:

Males, females, polyandrous, monogamous, polygonous, sperm, mate, produce, single, production, equal, individual, responsible, level.

Perforation plates are characteristic of the ________ of __________.

Answers

Characteristic of the Vessel elements of Angiosperms

What happens to the force of gravity between two masses if one mass is increased

Answers

the rate of gravity can be figured by the following equation. Height times 9.8 m/s2 times the mass of the object. So it stands to reason that if mass increases so will the force of gravity.   

In general, what is not affected by the ingestion of caffeine?
a. behavioral consequences of alcohol intoxication
b. the risk of cardiovascular disease
c. the time it takes to fall asleep
d. performance of boring or repetitive tasks

Answers

The correct answer is "behavioral consequences of alcohol intoxication".

Caffeine is a component mainly from coffee and other beverages such as soft drinks and energy drinks. It acts as a stimulant by binding to the adenosine receptors in the brain; blocking the actions of adenosine in the CNS (adenosine works to signal tiredness). In turn, there will be increased alertness. This does not affect the behavioral consequences of alcohol intoxication as these two works in different pathways.

On the other hand, caffeine ingestion affect the risk of cardiovascular disease as it increases heart rate and myocardial workload; it increases the time to fall asleep; and increases the performance in doing boring repetitive tasks.

The deed of trust is most closely associated with

Answers

The deed of trust is most closely associated with title theory states. A title theory state employs that a deed of trust instrument rather than a mortgage. In this theory the borrower has equitable title but does not keep the title of the property during the loan term.

A client who has been taking furosemide has a serum potassium level of 3.2 meq/l. which assessment findings by the nurse would confirm an electrolyte imbalance?

Answers

Furosemide is a loop diuretic which increases the secretion of both sodium and potassium in the urine. The most common side effect of loop diuretics is hypokalemia. The normal potassium levels is 3.5 to 6.0 mEq/L, that's why hypokalemia is considered in this patient. Assessment findings of muscle weakness (a symptom of rhabdomyolysis) and a weak, irregular pulse (symptom of cardiac arrhythmias) will confirm electrolyte imbalance. Other manifestations include renal abnormalities and glucose intolerance.

Which statement is true about gravitational force? It is inversely proportional to mass. It increases with distance. It is an attractive force that depends on mass and distance. It is an attractive force that depends on temperature and pressure.

Answers

The first is incorrect because the more massive an object, the more gravitational force acts on it.

The second is false because the gravitational force decreases with distance. It's why the outer planets are usually smaller.

The third is true. It depends on both mass and distance and attracts two objects together.

The fourth is false because temperature and pressure have nothing to do with gravity.

Answer:

the third one

Explanation:

A nurse is caring for a client receiving a gastric tube feeding. what nursing actions should be taken to prevent overfeeding?

Answers

The nursing action should be checking of residual every four to six hours, follow protocol for slowing or withholding feedings for excess residual volumes in which some facilities hold for residual volumes of 100 or 200 ml then restart at the lower rate after a period of rest, check pump for proper operation and ensure feeding infused at correct rate.

FREE brainliest i need 3 sentences of why animal testing is bad

Answers

harms animals, it is classified as cruel and unusual, it is unethical. 
Hello!
===
Animal testing is a terrible concept. Throughout the years, many animals have been tested on, and been killed because of these procedures. Scientists risk the animals lives, and sometimes do TERRIBLE things to them. For example, Scientists have taken parts of different animals and put them on a different animal. This is brutal. Animal testing is a huge cause of extinction, and is very much deadly.
==
Hope this helps!

A friend argues that redundancy of the genetic code is due to wobble pairing. explain why this isn't the case.

Answers

Redundancy refers to the phenomenon where more than one codon in DNA code for the same amino acid. Wobble pairing means base pairing that does not follow the canonical G-C and (U)A-T rule. Wobble pairing allows for a tRNA to specify for more than one type of amino acid during the translation process.


Answer:

1. Wobble pairing is the phenomenon where the last nucleotide of the triplet codon is mainly rendered useless most of the time. But Redundancy is the phenomenon where one codon codes for more than one amino acid.

2. They are just opposite to each other, where in Wooble Hypothesis, more than one codon codes same amino acid, but in DNA redundancy, one codon codes for more than one amino acid.

3. Redundancy is seen In lower organisms, but Wooble hypotheses is seen in all organisms.

Shrimp are primary consumers that feed on photosynthetic organisms. why would these organisms likely be found only in shallow ocean zones?

Answers

Since shrimp pray on photosynthetic organisms, they are dependant on their prey's location.
The photosynthetic organisms need sunlight in order to produce energy, so they then to live in shallow waters, because the sunlight penetrates only a small upper layer of the water's surface.
So, shrimp live in shallow waters because their pray can only live there.
The amount of light in deeper ocean zones is too dim for photosynthesis.

in what ways is the ocean at 1,000 meters deep different from the ocean at the surface in the same location

Answers

it is much darker 1000 meters deep and photosynthesis most likely can't occur, the fishes there also have different abilities than the ones higher up in order to survive, also it is probably a harder to swim because of the increased pressure

In what way do nuclear reactors negatively affect ecosystems?

Answers

Answer:

The nuclear reactors are cooled down by using huge amount of water, this water when released in the atmosphere causes thermal pollution. the warm water when gets mixed in the lakes and rivers affects the aquatic life.The nuclear reactors does not releases carbon dioxide into the environment but the uranium that is used as a raw material has many negative consequences when it comes to mining.There can be misuse of the nuclear energy that can adversely affect the environment.

The major threat the GM foods pose to human health is:

Answers

These are the major threats to human health caused by GM foods.
1. Food allergy- allergy occurs when normally harmless proteins enters the body. Structures of these proteins could possibly altered by the process than can result in an immune response.

2. Increased toxicity- insertion of exotic genes to a possible food is a concern. That production of toxins by these exotic genes can be altered resulting into a threat to health

3. Decreased nutitional value- Theoretically, GM foods have lower nutritional vale than the traditional food.

Others could be increased susceptibility to infection due to bacterial resistance, imbalance nutrition and others.

Which of the following types of models would be most affective to demonstrate the relationship between distance and time

Answers

Hello,

Here is your answer:

The proper answer to this question is "idea model".

Here is how:

Idea models are use to tell time of distance of a object for example how far the Earth is from the moon!

Your answer is idea model.

If you need anymore help feel free to ask me!

Hope this helps!

The primary enzyme for digesting cholesterol esters in the small intestine is called:

Answers

The enzyme is cholesterol esterase. This enzyme is found in the pancreatic juice and is usually secreted by the exocrine pancreas. Cholesterol esterase digests cholesterol esters in the lumen of the small intestine into free fatty acids and cholesterol. In the small intestine, bile salts such as cholate and its conjugate is required to stabilized this enzyme in its polymeric form and protect it from proteolytic hydrolysis.


A virus that attacks a bacterium is called a _____. (concept 19.1)

Answers

Hey there :)

A virus that attacks a bacterium is called a bacteriophage


Pure Aluminum foil distilled water Na Cl (table salt) Gold Bar (pure Au) All of these may be classified as A) elements. B) compounds. C) pure substances. D) organic compound.

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

pure substances

Pure Aluminum foil, distilled water, NaCl (table salt), and Gold Bar (pure Au) All of these may be classified as pure substances. Therefore, option C is correct.

What are pure substances?

Pure substances are substances that are made up of only one type of particle, either atoms or molecules and have a constant composition throughout.

They cannot be broken down into simpler substances by physical means, such as filtering or distillation. Examples of pure substances include elements, which are composed of only one type of atom, and compounds, which are composed of two or more different types of atoms chemically combined in a fixed ratio.

Pure substances have well-defined physical and chemical properties, such as melting and boiling points, that can be used to identify them. Thus, option C is correct.

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Genetic drift can best be defined as

Answers

variation in the relative frequency of different genotypes in a small population, owing to the chance disappearance of particular genes as individuals die or do not reproduce. 

Answer:

A change in the allelic frequency within a population due to random chance.

Explanation:

You're looking for a "few good fats" that include essential fatty acids. the best place to find them would be in a ____________.

Answers

Subway sljdhjghr;waoifeoipw'dshvlbarowaofWEOPQFJ'WSDSLKBA;HFWOIHFOREAWG

Marcus is admitted to the hospital for a bone marrow stem cell transplant from his brother.What will happen after his brother's stem cells are transplanted into Marcus?

Answers

The stem cells will divide through mitosis to create diploid stem cells.

Answer:

The stem cells will lodge in Marcus's bone marrow so that it can produce normal blood cells again.

Explanation:

The medulla is a gelatinous tissue that lies inside the bones, especially the iliac, located in the hip, and the sternum in the middle of the chest. Its function is to originate the three types of cells that make up the blood: red blood cells, leukocytes and platelets. In some situations, the marrow cells become defective and do not properly supply the blood cells, and a bone marrow stem cell transplant is not required to solve the problem.

During transplantation donated stem cells are infused through a catheter in the chest region. They travel through the circulation until they reach the inside of the bones, where they take care of the area, gradually forming a new healthy marrow. In other words, the stem cells will lodge in the bone marrow so that it can produce normal blood cells again.

Transplantation is a success as the marrow begins to generate a healthy dose of healthy cells. This is proven when neutrophils, a type of defense unit, exceed the 500 / mm3 rate on exams for two consecutive days.

What do you think will happen when you leave the paper in the container overnight?

Answers

The paper will be mildly wet from evaporation.
Final answer:

The results of leaving the paper in the container overnight would depend on what's on the paper and the conditions of the environment. This can range from no noticeable changes to significant biological growth if the paper contains seeds, bacteria, or other organisms.

Explanation:

The outcome of leaving the paper in the container overnight will largely depend on the environmental conditions of the container and the paper itself. For example, in the study mentioned, two petri dishes, A and B, were used with 20 tobacco seeds each. Dish B was exposed to a cycle of 14 hours of light and 10 hours of dark. The results after 7 and 14 days showed that light exposure has a significant effect on seed germination.

If the paper in question contains something like seeds, bacteria, or other living organisms and the conditions are right (moisture, light, temperature), there may be some growth or other changes. If the paper is just regular, it may absorb moisture from the air in the container and become damp. If the container is airtight and the paper is damp, over time you might see mold growth given the right conditions.

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The table below shows the salmon population, in thousands of pounds, in Columbia River, from 1870 to 1950.
Year Salmon population (in thousands of pounds)
1870 10,200
1890 20,000
1915 20,500
1931 30,000
1950 10,000
Based on the table, which of these is most likely the period during which a series of large hydropower units were built on the Columbia River?

A. between 1870 and 1890

B. between 1890 and 1915

C. between 1915 and 1931

D. between 1931 and 1950

Answers

D because there was a becrease which means that the hydropower units were in the way of the fish

Answer:

Option D, between 1931 and 1950

Explanation:

The hydraulic structure of dam has some sub structures which interferes with the natural navigation of the fishes within any water body.  

Due to such interference the fishes get diverted to a different path of flow and hence are not accountable.  This causes reduction in the number of fish counts.

The higher the construction of dams, the higher will be the effect of it on the fish navigation which will ultimately lead to reduction in fish count.  

Hence, option D is correct.

What structures make up the outer ear?

Answers

The outer ear includes: auricle (cartilage covered by skin placed on opposite sides of the head) auditory canal (also called the ear canal) eardrum outer layer (also called the tympanic membrane)
auricle (cartilage covered by skin on opposite sides of the head) auditory canal (also called the ear canal) eardrum outer layer (also called the tympanic membrane)

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what is one example of prose Studies indicate that _____ may mitigate maternal depression Roland takes a walk through the desert. While there, he becomes extremely thirsty. To quench his thirst, he drinks a bottle of cold water. The water pleasantly refreshes him and he plans on bringing water more often on his desert hikes. Which type of operant conditioning in occurring in the scenario? A. positive reinforcement B. negative reinforcement C. positive punishment D. negative punishment Brett has a $30 online gift voucher. He plans to buy as many books as he can. The cost of each book is s4. There is also a single shipping charge of $2. How many books can he afford without spending more than his gift voucher amount? Is this sentence correctly punctuated?Soon after they hatch, plover chicks can walk on their own, however they cannot fly, for at least a month, making it difficult for them to evade the human onslaught on sunny summer days. Natalie picked 135 berries in 15 minutes if she continues picking at that rate how long will it take her to pick 486 berries? @skullpatrol, which of the following is not an observation that was made by Darwina. different animals living in similar environments often had similar characteristicsb. closely related animals living in different environments often had different featuresc. fossilized, ancient creatures sometimes had similar features to living creaturesd. all livings things share a universal genetic codewhat is the principle of common descent a. the principle of common descent is the idea that all living and extinct organisms shared a common ancestor at some point in their evolutionary historyb. the principle of common descent is the idea that organisms that evolve in the same environment will have the same characteristicsc. the principle of common descent is the idea that the fittest members of a population will survive and produce more offspringd. the principle of common descent is the idea that organisms evolve at a slow and steady rate What does FICA deduction consist of ? I'm confused about this question, can someone help me y=x 6x=4What is the solution to the system of equations?(8, 4)(4, 8)(4, 4)(4, 4) You participate in a sleep study at a university clinic. the researchers measure your body chemistry while you are sleeping. which hormone do they find follows a circadian rhythm and peaks just before you wake? Using the definition of even and odd functions explain why y= sin x+ 1 is neither even or odd ?Can you show how you worked it out cause I'm not sure on how to plug it in exactly De que acusan El Capitan del ejrcito a los indios maya? We would expect the correlation between smoking and lung cancer to be _____, whereas we would expect the correlation between mountain elevation and temperature to be _____. (note: the higher you go on a mountain the colder it gets, as you go higher on the mountain the temperature gets lower.) Why would people be more likely to accept the website of a well-respected news program as trustworthy? Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb: Mi perro _________ en su cama.Question 1 options:a) Duermeb) Dormec) Duermad) Durmo Simplify the expression. 5x + 1 - 18 Vietnam has a tropical monsoon climate. During the rainy season warm air comes in from the north and rises, allowing cooler air and rain clouds to move in. Where does the warm air MOST LIKELY come from? A cone is cut parallel to its base. Write the best name for the plane section (or cross section). What happened to the slaves who refuse to eat?