Factors affecting the rate of a chemical reaction in the context of a specific reaction equation.
The factors that affect the rate of the reaction Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → ZnCl₂(aq) + H₂(g) include:
Catalyst: Adding a catalyst can increase the rate of the reaction.
Surface area: Grinding the zinc solid into a fine powder increases its surface area, enhancing the reaction rate.
Concentration and Temperature: Increasing the concentration of HCl or raising the temperature can also speed up the reaction.
What happens to the density of the core of a high-mass star as it collapses?
What is the final concentration of a solution prepared by diluting 35.0 ml of 12.0 m hcl to a final volume of 1.20 l? what is the final concentration of a solution prepared by diluting 35.0 ml of 12.0 m hcl to a final volume of 1.20 l?
The final concentration of the solution prepared by diluting 35.0 ml of 12.0 M HCl to a final volume of 1.20 L is 0.35 M.
Explanation:The final concentration of a solution prepared by diluting 35.0 ml of 12.0 M HCl to a final volume of 1.20 L can be calculated using the formula for dilution: M1V1 = M2V2. In this formula, M1 is the initial concentration, V1 is the initial volume, M2 is the final concentration, and V2 is the final volume.
Firstly, we convert the initial volume from ml to litres because the final volume is given in litres. So, 35.0 ml = 0.035 L. Therefore, the equation becomes: 12.0 M * 0.035 L = M2 * 1.20 L.
On rearranging the equation to solve for M2, the result is 0.35 M.
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Which example best demonstrates the benefit of understanding physical properties?
Engineers can design safer structures because they understand flammability of building materials
Engineers can design better bridges because they know how metal changes shape
Scientists can easily classify mixtures of unknown substances
Scientists can predict how well two substances will react
Answer: Engineers can design better bridges because they know how metal changes shape.
Explanation: Physical Properties are those properties which are also regarded as observable because they can be easily seen or observe through naked eyes like melting point etc.
These are those properties which do not change chemical identity of the species.
Thus out of the given options, only physical property is the change of shape of metal.
And the rest one represents the chemical property as chemical property are the one which changes the chemical identity of the substance.
The various components of crude oil are separated in a refinery based on differences in
Crude oil components are separated based on their boiling points using fractional distillation in a refinery.
Explanation:The various components of crude oil are separated in a refinery based on differences in their boiling points. This process, known as fractional distillation, takes advantage of the fact that different compounds in crude oil have different boiling points.
In a refinery, crude oil is heated in a furnace and the vaporized oil is then passed through a tall column called a fractionating column. As the vapor rises through the column, it cools down, and the compounds with higher boiling points condense and are collected at different levels in the column.
For example, at the bottom of the column, heavy compounds like bitumen and fuel oil are collected, while lighter compounds like gasoline and kerosene are collected at higher levels. This allows the refinery to separate and collect various components of crude oil for further processing.
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For an equal mass of each substance, which one will require the least amount of heat to raise its temperature from 20°c to 30°c?
What is the total pressure of a gaseous mixture that contains three gases with partial pressures of 0.845 atm, 120 torr and 210 mm hg? 972 torr 0.411 atm 331 torr 1175 torr?
How many moles of Pb(NO3)2 are required if 8 moles of PbCI2 are produced?
2) Pick the statement about the Bohr model of the hydrogen atom that is NOT true. A) The energy of each Bohr orbit is quantized. B) An electron in a stationary state does not emit radiation. C) When an electron jumps to a higher state, energy is absorbed. D) When an electron jumps from one state to another, the electron must gain or lose just the right amount of energy to actually travel the distance between the orbits.
Answer: When an electron jumps from one state to another, the electron must gain or lose just the right amount of energy to actually travel the distance between the orbits.
Explanation:
Bohr in his structure of atom explained that protons which are positively charged particles and neutrons which are neutral particles, are contained in the center of an atom called as nucleus.
The electrons which are negatively charged particles revolve around the nucleus in fixed orbit or shell or energy levels which are termed as quantized. These energy levels are stable and are stationary along with different energy value. The electron remains in the state until energy is absorbed or released.
The electrons absorb energy when it moves from lower energy state to higher energy state. The electrons lose energy when it moves from higher energy state to lower energy state and thus emit radiations corresponding to the energy gap.
Thus the statement when an electron jumps from one state to another, the electron must gain or lose just the right amount of energy to actually travel the distance between the orbits is incorrect because energy is absorbed when electron jumps from one state to another.
The energy is lost when electron falls from one state to another.
Answer: An electron in a stationary state does not emit radiation
Explanation:
I put that on usa test prep and it says correct. the other person who answered this is wrong
During glycolysis, for every 6 moles of glucose that enter the pathway, how many moles of atp are used? how many moles atp are generated? how many moles of nadh are used? how many moles of pyruvate are made?
A sample of a compound contains 60.0 g C and 5.05 g H. Its molar mass is 78.12 g/mol. What is the compound’s molecular formula? CH C2H2 C6H6 C6H
A sample of a compound contains 60.0 g C and 5.05 g H.
divide by molar mass of C(12) and H(1) to get molar ratio
C: 60/12=5 and H: 5/1=5
so C:H=5:5=1:1
total molar mass=78
divide by 1C+1H to find the formula: 78/(12+1)=78/13=6
compound is C6H6
If the thorium-232 isotope emits an alpha particle, what would be the atomic number of the resulting atom?
Answer is: atomic number
of resulting atom is 88.
Alpha particle is nucleus of a helium-4 atom, which is made of
two protons and two neutrons.
Nuclear reaction: ²³²Th → ²²⁸Ra + α (alpha
particle).
Alpha decay is radioactive decay in which an atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle (helium nucleus) and transforms into an atom with an atomic number that is reduced by two and mass number that is reduced by four.
what happens when sulphur trioxide reacts with concentrated sulphur acid ?
During which of the following processes does a glucose molecule break down into ethanol? Aerobic respiration, Alcoholic fermentation, Lactic acid fermentation, Photosynthesis
Answer:
Alcoholic fermentation
Explanation:
Alcoholic fermentation is an anaerobic process executed by yeasts, molds and some bacteria, which cause chemical changes in organic substances.
Alcoholic fermentation has the biological function of supplying energy to microorganisms in the absence of oxygen. To achieve this, the glucose molecules are dissociated and in this way the energy required to survive is obtained, producing ethanol and CO2 as products.
Two clear solutions are placed in separate beakers. The first solution has a pH of 4, and the pH of the second solution is unknown. If the two solutions are mixed and the resulting pH is 5, the second solution must have
The pH of the second solution, given that the mixture of the two solution has a pH of 5, is 4.05
How to calculate the pH of the second solution?
First, we shall obtain the hydogen ion, [tex]H^+[/tex] of the first solution and the mixture solution. Details below:
For first solution:
pH of first solution = 4Hydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex] of first solution =?[tex]H^+ = Antilog (-4)\\\\H^+ = 0.0001\ M\\\\[/tex]
For mixture solution:
pH of mixture solution = 5Hydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex] of mixture solution =?[tex]H^+ = Antilog (-5)\\\\H^+ = 0.00001\ M\\\\[/tex]
Now, we shall obtain the [tex]H^+[/tex] of the second solution. Details below:
Hydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex] of first solution = 0.0001 MHydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex] of mixture solution = 0.00001 MHydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex] of second solution =?[tex]H^+[/tex] of second solution = [tex]H^+[/tex] of first solution - [tex]H^+[/tex] of mixture solution
= 0.0001 - 0.00001
= 0.00009 M
Finally, we shall calculate the pH of the second solution. Details below:
Hydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex] of second solution = 0.00009 MpH of second solution = ?pH = -Log Hydrogen ion [tex]H^+[/tex]
pH = -Log 0.00009
pH = 4.05
In the reaction: pb + 2ag+ → pb2+ + 2ag, the oxidizing agent is
Answer: The oxidizing agent for the given reaction is Silver.
Explanation:
Oxidizing agent is defined as the agent which helps the other substance to get oxidized and itself gets reduced. It undergoes reduction reaction in which a substance gains electrons. The oxidation state of this substance gets reduced and the substance gets reduced.
Reducing agent is defined as the agent which helps the other substance to get reduced and itself gets oxidized. It undergoes oxidation reaction in which a substance looses its electrons. The oxidation state of this substance gets increased and the substance gets oxidized.
For the given chemical reaction:
[tex]Pb+2Ag^+\rightarrow Pb^{2+}+2Ag[/tex]
The half reactions for the given above chemical reaction is:
Oxidation half reaction: [tex]Pb\rightarrow Pb^{2+}+2e^-[/tex]
Reduction half reaction: [tex]2Ag^++2e^-\rightarrow 2Ag[/tex]
As, lead is loosing electrons. So, it is getting oxidized and is considered as a reducing agent and silver is gaining electrons. So, it is getting reduced and is considered as an oxidizing agent.
Thus, the correct answer is silver.
Which coefficients correctly balance the formula equation nh4no2(s)® n2(g) + h2o(l)?
2 is the coefficient that correctly balance the formula equation: NH4NO2 → N2 + H2O.
BALANCING CHEMICAL EQUATION:A balanced equation is one in which the atoms of each element on both sides of the equation are the same. According to this question, the following unbalanced decomposition reaction is given: NH4NO2 → N2 + H2OTo balance the equation, we make use of coefficients, which are numbers placed in front of the corresponding element or compound involved. The balanced equation is as follows: NH4NO2 → N2 + 2H2O. This equation shows that 2 is the coefficient placed in front of H2O to correctly balance the equation.Learn more about balancing chemical equations at: https://brainly.com/question/8062886
was the supernova named after kepler becausae he was the first person to see it
What is the volume, in liters, of 576 grams of so2 gas at stp?
The volume of 576 grams of SO₂ gas at STP is approximately [tex]\( 200 \, \text{L}} \).[/tex]
To find the volume of 576 grams of SO₂ gas at STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure), we can use the ideal gas law equation:
[tex]\[ PV = nRT \][/tex]
Where:
- P is the pressure (at STP, [tex]\( P = 1 \)[/tex] atm)
- V is the volume of the gas
- n is the number of moles of gas
- R is the ideal gas constant [tex](\( R = 0.0821 \, \text{Latm/(molK)} \))[/tex]
- T is the temperature in Kelvin (at STP, [tex]\( T = 273.15 \)[/tex] K)
First, calculate the number of moles [tex]\( n \)[/tex] of SO₂ gas:
1. Calculate the molar mass of SO₂:
- Atomic mass of S = 32.07 g/mol
- Atomic mass of O = 16.00 g/mol (there are 2 oxygen atoms)
- Molar mass of SO₂ = [tex]\( 32.07 + 2 \times 16.00 = 64.07 \)[/tex] g/mol
2. Convert grams of SO₂ to moles:
[tex]\[ n = \frac{\text{mass}}{\text{molar mass}} = \frac{576 \, \text{g}}{64.07 \, \text{g/mol}} \approx 9.00 \, \text{mol} \][/tex]
Now, use the ideal gas law to find the volume V:
[tex]\[ V = \frac{nRT}{P} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ V = \frac{9.00 \, \text{mol} \times 0.0821 \, \text{Latm/(molK)} \times 273.15 \, \text{K}}{1 \, \text{atm}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ V \approx 200 \, \text{L} \][/tex]
10) In order to make spaghetti cook faster, a chef adds salt to water. How many moles of salt would he need to add to 1.0 kg water to make the water boil at 105 C? The Kb for water is 0.25°C/m. Assume i 2 for NaCl
The chef would need to add approximately 555.2 moles of salt NaCl to 1.0 kg of water to raise its boiling point to 105°C.
To determine how many moles of salt NaCl are needed to raise the boiling point of 1.0 kg of water to 105°C, we can use the concept of boiling point elevation and the colligative property of solutions.
Given data.
- Mass of water, [tex]\( m = 1.0 \) kg = \( 1000 \) g\\[/tex]
- Desired boiling point of water,[tex]\( T_{\text{new}} = 105 \)°C[/tex]
- Boiling point constant for water,[tex]\( K_b = 0.25 \) °C/m[/tex]
- Van't Hoff factor for NaCl [tex]\( i \) = 2 since NaCl dissociates completely into Na+ and Cl- ions in water[/tex]
First, calculate the change in boiling point [tex]\( \Delta T_b \)[/tex] using the formula for boiling point elevation
[tex]\[ \Delta T_b = i \cdot K_b \cdot m_{\text{salt}} \][/tex]
where.
- [tex]\( i \)[/tex] is the Van't Hoff factor,
- [tex]\( K_b \)[/tex] is the boiling point elevation constant,
- [tex]\( m_{\text{salt}} \)[/tex] is the molality of the salt in the solution.
To find [tex]\( m_{\text{salt}} \)[/tex], rearrange the equation:
[tex]\[ m_{\text{salt}} = \frac{\Delta T_b}{i \cdot K_b} \][/tex]
Calculate [tex]\( \Delta T_b \):[/tex]
[tex]\[ \Delta T_b = T_{\text{new}} - T_{\text{normal}} = 105 \text{°C} - 100 \text{°C} = 5 \text{°C} \][/tex]
Substitute the values into the equation.
[tex]\[ m_{\text{salt}} = \frac{5 \text{ °C}}{2 \cdot 0.25 \text{ °C/m}} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ m_{\text{salt}} = \frac{5}{0.5} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ m_{\text{salt}} = 10 \text{ mol/kg} \][/tex]
This molality [tex]10 mol/kg[/tex] represents the number of moles of salt per kilogram of solvent water.
To find the moles of salt [tex]\( n_{\text{salt}} \)[/tex] needed.
[tex]\[ n_{\text{salt}} = m_{\text{salt}} \cdot \frac{m_{\text{water}}}{M_{\text{water}}} \][/tex]
where.
[tex]- \( m_{\text{water}} \) is the mass of water[/tex],
[tex]- \( M_{\text{water}} \) is the molar mass of water.[/tex]
Calculate [tex]\( M_{\text{water}} \)[/tex].
[tex]\[ M_{\text{water}} = 18.015 \text{ g/mol} \][/tex]
Convert [tex]\( m_{\text{water}} \) to grams[/tex].
[tex]\[ m_{\text{water}} = 1000 \text{ g} \][/tex]
calculate [tex]\( n_{\text{salt}} \)[/tex].
[tex]\[ n_{\text{salt}} = 10 \text{ mol/kg} \cdot \frac{1000 \text{ g}}{18.015 \text{ g/mol}} \]\\[/tex]
[tex]\[ n_{\text{salt}} = 10 \cdot \frac{1000}{18.015} \text{ mol} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ n_{\text{salt}} \approx 555.2 \text{ mol} \][/tex]
What mass of CaCO3 is required to react completely with 0.56 L of HCl?
Match the term with its definition. A. Bed load A strip of land next to a river that is often very fertile B. Headwater The beginning of a river C. Suspended load Large boulders carried along by a river D. Flood plain Small rocks carried along by a river
Bed load - Large boulders carried along by a river
Headwater - The beginning of a river
Suspended load - Small rocks carried along by a river
Flood plain - A strip of land next to a river that is often very fertile
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What effect does the specific heat capacity of water have on weather?
A. It keeps the temperatures on the coast milder.
B. It lowers the temperature at which ocean water freezes.
C. It stops convection currents from turning into storms.
D. It increases the effect of radiation heating of land.
which is the next logical step in balancing the given equation? CS2(1)+Cl2(g) CCl4(1) S2Cl2(1)
Scientists have: (Select all that apply.)
a. observed amino acids forming spontaneously
b. demonstrated how amino acids can form from the environment
c. confirmed that the ultimate source of amino acids and proteins is from plants
d. not yet determined the source of amino acids
How can the spontaneous redox reaction of a voltaic cell be reversed?
What type of intermolecular forces exist between br2 and ccl4?
The intermolecular forces between Br2 and CCl4 are London dispersion forces, as both substances are nonpolar molecules.
Explanation:The intermolecular forces that exist between Br2 and CCl4 are London dispersion forces. These are the weakest type of intermolecular force and exist between all molecules, irrespective of whether they are polar or nonpolar. Br2 and CCl4 both are nonpolar molecules, so they don't exhibit dipole-dipole attractions, which are typically stronger than dispersion forces.
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A solution is made by dissolving 24 g of NaCl to make 475 ml of solution. Calculate the concentration in units of molarity by following these steps: a) Convert the grams of NaCl to moles of NaCl. b) Calculate the liters of solution by dividing the given milliliters by 1000. c) Divide moles by the liters of solution.
Final answer:
The molarity of a solution created by dissolving 24 g of NaCl in 475 mL of water can be calculated by converting the mass to moles, finding the solution's volume in liters, and dividing the moles by the volume. The result is approximately 0.864 M.
Explanation:
To calculate the molarity of a solution in which 24 g of NaCl is dissolved to make 475 mL of solution, follow these steps:
Convert the mass of NaCl to moles using the molar mass of NaCl (58.44 g/mol). To do this, divide the given mass by the molar mass: 24 g ÷ 58.44 g/mol = 0.4106 mol NaCl.Calculate the liters of solution by dividing the volume in milliliters by 1000: 475 mL ÷ 1000 = 0.475 L.To find the molarity, divide the number of moles of NaCl by the volume in liters: 0.4106 mol ÷ 0.475 L = approximately 0.864 molarity.What is MC2 minus 8?
A. MC2
B. 4
C. 9
D. None of the above
Answer:
d
Explanation:
According to the Arrhenius theory a substance that yields hydrogen ions as the only ion in an aqueous solution is
According to the Arrhenius theory a substance that yields hydrogen ions as the only ion in an aqueous solution is Acid.
What are acids?Acids are those substances which are having pH range from 0 to 7.
According to the Arrhenius theory of acid and base, acids are those compounds which donate H⁺ ion or proton in the aqueous medium and bases are those substances which donate OH⁻ ion in the aqueous medium.
Example of Arrhenius acids are HCl, CH₃COOH, HNO₃, etc.
Hence, those substance which yields H⁺ ions is acids.
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What is the product when Bismuth (symbol Bi, atomic number 83, and radioisotope with a mass number of 214) emits an alpha particle? Give name or symbol of new element, its atomic number, and its mass number for full credit. Show work.
Answer : The correct answer is Name = Thallium (Th) , atomic mass = 210 and atomic number = 81 .
Alpha decay :
When atomic nucleus emits an alpha particle that process is known as alpha particle decay . The symbol of alpha particle is [tex] _2^4He [/tex] , where 4 is atomic mass ( 2 protons + 2 neutrons ) and 2 atomic number .
When alpha particle is released the resultant nuclei (daughter nuclei) have 4 less atomic mass and 2 less atomic number .
Example for nuclear equation of alpha decay can be expressed as:
[tex] ^{230}_{90}Th \rightarrow _2^4He + ^{226}_{88}Ra [/tex]
Given :
Radioisotope = Bi Atomic mass = 214 Atomic number = 83
When it will release alpha particle , atomic mass will be decreased by 4 and atomic number by 2 .
Atomic mass = 214 - 4 = 210 Atomic number = 83-2 = 81
The atom with atomic number 81 is Thallium (Tl) . Hence the daughter nuclei so produced is [tex] ^{210}_{81}Tl [/tex]
The nuclear reaction can be written as :
[tex] ^{214}_{83}Tl \rightarrow ^4_2He + ^{210}_{81}Tl [/tex]