Describe how the body maintains posture.

Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome is associated with a deficiency of thiamine deficiency.

Answer:

Emulsification formation is part of the fat digestion process; At this stage the fats are broken down into small particles by the detergent action and the mechanical agitation of the stomach. Bile salts also enter this process resulting in mixed micelles, which serve to transport the fats to the next stage of their digestion, all of which result in an adequate and efficient lipid metabolism, benefiting digestion.

Answer: Synovial Fluid.

Explanation:

Synovial fluid is also known as synovia, which is a viscous extracellular fluid which is non Newtonian fluid found in the cavities of the sinovial joints.

This fluid has a consistency of egg white and is non reactive. The main role of this fluid is to provide flexibility and reduce friction during the various types of body movements, between the articular cartilage of the joints.

So, the correct answer is Synovial fluid.

The lubricant that minimizes friction and abrasion of joint surfaces is called synovial fluid.

Synovial fluid is a clear, viscous fluid that is found within the joint cavities of synovial joints. It serves as a lubricant to minimize friction and abrasion between the articulating surfaces of the bones within the joint.

Thus, the complete sentence is "The lubricant that minimizes friction and abrasion of joint surfaces is synovial fluid".

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Complete the sentence.

The lubricant that minimizes friction and abrasion of joint surfaces is ________?

Answer: Chest Pain

Explanation:

Angina pectoris is a type of ischemic pain associated with inadequate blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle, leading to chest pain. It is a symptom of coronary heart disease and can be classified as either stable or unstable angina. Treatment focuses on symptom relief and slowing down the progression of cardiovascular disease.

Angina pectoris is an example of ischemic pain. Angina is a symptom of coronary heart disease, where chest pain or discomfort occurs because the heart muscle cells do not receive adequate blood flow and oxygen (ischemia). This condition is commonly caused by the partial blockage of the coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque.

There are two types of angina: stable angina and unstable angina. Stable angina is manageable and often triggered by physical exertion, while unstable angina can occur at rest, last longer, and could be an indicator of an imminent heart attack. Treatment for angina aims to provide symptom relief and slow the progression of atherosclerosis.

The symptom of chest pain associated with angina often feels like pressure or squeezing and may spread to other areas such as the arms, neck, jaw, or back. This is an indication that the heart muscle requires more oxygen than it is receiving. Such symptoms warrant timely medical evaluation and management.

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Answer: There are many problems that is related to age. The normal functioning of the body get disturbed as people reach certain age.

There are many defects that is seen in olfaction, vision, equilibrium, hearing, gustation et cetera.

Say, glucoma is a age related disorder in which rise in fluid pressure takes place in eyes, which leads to vision impairment in older age groups.

Hypogeusia is a problem that is associated with the reduced ability to taste things. This also occurs in the people with older age groups.

Answer:

Explanation:

Glaucoma is an age-related disorder of vision. In this, the optic nerve in the eye gets damaged. This is caused by abnormal high pressure on the eye. It is one of the leading causes of blindness in people over 60 years of age.

Presbycusis is an age-related loss of hearing. It is an irreversible age-related loss of hearing that results from the degeneration of cochlea and associated structures in the inner ear or auditory nerves.

Answer:

Pylorus and ileocecal valve

Explanation:

The pylorus is the sphinecter that connects the stomach with the first portion of the small intestine, the pulorus has an antrum and a canal. This valve control the gastruc flow from the stomach to the duedenum.

The ileocecal connect both intestines, this valve that connects the ileum to the cecum has an importan absorption and lymphatic functions.

The small intestine is enclosed by two sphincters called the pyloric sphincter and the ileocecal valve. The pyloric sphincter controls the passage of food from the stomach to the small intestine and the ileocecal valve regulates the exit of digested material from the small intestine into the large intestine.

The two valves, or sphincters, that enclose the small intestine at each end are the pyloric sphincter and the ileocecal valve. The pyloric sphincter is located at the stomach end of the small intestine and controls the passage of food material, commonly known as chyme, from the stomach into the duodenum of the small intestine. This sphincter is usually closed, but when food needs to be passed into the small intestine, it opens to allow the passage of the chyme.

On the opposite end of the small intestine, the ileocecal valve controls the exit of digested material from the small intestine into the large intestine. Similar to the pyloric sphincter, the ileocecal valve is generally constricted but relaxes to allow the passage of food residue to enter the cecum, the first part of the large intestine, when ileal motility increases. Once the chyme has passed through, backward pressure assists in closing the sphincter, preventing any backflow into the ileum.

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Answer:D amino Acids

Explanation: School Dawg

Answer: Option C " S. cerevisiae"

Explanation: Saccharomyces cerevisiae can be used as a model system for the fundamental cellular process related to eukaryotic organism.

The reason it is being used for the study of eukaryotic cells is as follows:

1- It has high multiplication rate.

2- As per the study, more than 60% of the functional gene is known.

3- 30% of the human genes has the same homology to this yeast

Hence, S. cerevisiae is used as a model organism for studying eukaryotic cells.

Answer:

Your nursing responsibility is to provide adequate information of the pros and cons of vaccinating or not vaccinating.

Explanation:

Answer:

1. Skeletal muscle nucleus position- Periphery of the cell

2. Smooth muscle nucleus position- At the center of the cell

Explanation:

The skeletal muscles are elongated and are tubular in shape. 40% of our body mass is made up of skeletal muscles. They are attached to the bones and help in movement. They consists of multiple nuclei and the nuclei are located at the periphery of the cell.

The smooth muscles are spindle shaped. They are wide in the middle and narrow at the end points. They are responsible for involuntary movements in the internal organs. These types of muscles have a single centrally located nucleus.

Thus,

1. Skeletal muscle nucleus position- Periphery of the cell

2. Smooth muscle nucleus position- At the center of the cell

Answer:

Peristalsis continues in the duodenum with the mobility of the chyme in order to extract the greatest amount of protein and nutrients, while allowing it to come into contact with bile juices for better digestion.

Answer:

The correct answer is option C. ear.

Explanation:

A myringotomy is a surgery in which a very small incision is made in the tympanic membrane or eardrum of the ear by the surgeon to release pressure created by excessive fluid, or to remove pus from the middle ear.

The surgeon uses the myringotomy knife to create an incision in the tympanic membrane. The myringotomy knife is a needle-like a lancet blade which helps in piercing and incision.

Thus, the correct answer is option C. ear.

A myringotomy knife is used in the surgical procedure called myringotomy, which is performed on the ear, not nose, eye or throat. This tool helps to relieve pressure or fluid build-up that is causing chronic ear infections.

A myringotomy knife is a surgical tool used in medicine, particularly in the field of otolaryngology, which is the area of medicine concerning the ear, nose, and throat, but this specific tool is primarily designed to be used on the ear. The word 'myringotomy' comes from the Greek 'myringa,' meaning 'drum,' referring to the ear drum, and 'tome,' meaning 'cutting.' Therefore, a myringotomy is a surgical procedure performed on the eardrum, often to relieve pressure or remove fluid in cases of chronic otitis media (ear infections).

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It can be spelled as either non tender or non-tender

Both are correct

Hi !

Which of the following is true regarding use of a da Vinci robot?

D. increases visualization

The use of a da Vinci robot increases healthcare costs and improves the surgeon's visualization with high-definition 3D views, although its effects on operative time and range of motion can vary depending on many factors.

The use of a da Vinci robot in surgery has several impacts on the medical procedures:

Considering these points, the correct answer to the question is that the use of a da Vinci robot increases healthcare costs (C) and increases visualization (D).

Answer:

d. depression.

Explanation:

Research in Neuroscience points out that population showing depression lacks neurontrasmitters levels like serotonin and norepinephrine;presenting lower levels and so the imbalance of key hormones is suggesting this contributes to feelings of depression

In the last 50 years biological theraphy tries to remedy this by drug prescriptions that will stimulate hormones reabsrobtion

With low levels of serotonin have been often comes along with poor memory,low mood, difficult to sleep, low self-esteem,

Some recreational drugs function as they increase serotonin. Of course cognitive, medical or other therapies will be recommended

Answer:

Osteoblasts are responsible for formation and osteoclasts are responsible for resorption. Both processes are important to keep balance in bone density and matter. Through the different stages of life the balance varies.

-Childhood: Osteogenesis > Resorption

-Adolescence-30 years: Osteoblasts > osteoclasts

-30-50 years: balance between formation and resorption. >30 years, bone loss begins. (1% per year)

->50 years (in menopause and in andropause) there is greater bone resorption, increases that annual 1%, up to 10% per year; This activity is hormone dependent.

Answer:

The correct answer will be option false.

Explanation:

The pressure between alveoli is known as alveolar pressure or intra-pulmonary pressure.

During inspiration, alveolar pressure reaches below the atmospheric pressure due to increase in the thoracic volume which again equals the atmospheric pressure at the end of inspiration and similarly during expiration, the alveolar pressure increase which again attains equilibrium with at the end of expiration.

Therefore, at the end of inspiration and expiration, the intra-pulmonary pressure equals the atmospheric pressure hence, false is the correct option.

Final answer:

The claim that alveolar pressure never equals atmospheric pressure is false. Intra-alveolar pressure does indeed reach a level equal to that of the atmospheric pressure as it equalizes with it during the breathing cycle.

Explanation:

During the breathing cycle, Intra-alveolar pressure (intrapulmonary pressure) changes; it decreases during inhalation when the chest and diaphragm muscles expand the chest and diaphragm moves downward creating negative gauge pressure, and it increases during exhalation when these muscles relax and surface tension in the alveoli creates positive pressure inside the lungs. The intra-alveolar pressure always eventually equalizes with the atmospheric pressure, which is the pressure exerted by gases in the air surrounding us. The difference in pressure between intrapleural and intra-alveolar pressures is called transpulmonary pressure, and it's crucial for the process of breathing, as according to Boyle's Law, air flows from a space of higher pressure to a space of lower pressure, allowing for inhalation and exhalation.

Answer:

The answer is A Heart Rate

Explanation:

Fentanyl is an analgesic medication that is used for chronic pain that acts on different presynaptic and postsynaptic receptors of the organism. it can produce bradycardia, due to its effect on the sinus node conduction.

Answer:

C. Lymphedema

Explanation:

This happens due to a buildup of fluid in the soft tissues and occurs in areas of the body where lymph nodes have been removed. Lymphedema is one of the most common side effects of a lymphadenectomy. The treatment focuses in reducing the swelling, relieving pain and preventing infections. Some of these treatments include massage therapy, and compression garnets.

Answer:

The end-diastolic volume.

Explanation:

The Frank-Starling law is also named as the Starling's law. This law explains the relationship between the end-diastolic volume and  stroke volume.

This law propose that the stroke volume increases with the increase in the end-diastolic volume of the heart, all other factors remain same. Hence, the stroke volume is proportional to the end-diastolic volume.

Thus, the correct answer is option (b).

The Frank-Starling law states that the stroke volume of the heart is proportional to the end-diastolic volume. It means that the more the heart is filled during diastole (end-diastolic volume), the more it ejects during systolic contraction (stroke volume). This law is pivotal in maintaining the balance of blood volume in the heart.

The Frank-Starling law of the heart is a physiological phenomenon which states that the stroke volume of the heart increases in response to an increase in the volume of blood filling the heart (the end diastolic volume) when all other factors remain constant.

In other words, the stroke volume is proportional to the end-diastolic volume (Option B). The larger the volume of blood entering the heart during diastole (end-diastolic volume), the larger the volume of blood ejected during systolic contraction (stroke volume), which is an essential mechanism for maintaining the balance of input and output blood volume in the heart.

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The trigeminal nerve is responsible for carrying motor commands to the muscles involved in chewing. Hence, the answer is option c.

The trigeminal nerve (CN V) nerve controls the muscles involved in mastication, which is necessary for chewing food. Additionally, for testing purposes, stretch reflexes in these muscles can indicate the functionality of the trigeminal nerve. The motor functions of the facial nerve are related to facial expressions rather than mastication and can be tested by observing a patient's ability to perform actions such as raising eyebrows, smiling, and frowning. Hence, the correct answer to the question is option c. trigeminal nerve.

Nose: The function for your nose is to breath.

Mouth: The function of your mouth is to eat, drink, or breath if your nose is clogged up.

Pharynx: The function of you pharynx is to swallow food.

Larynx: The function of your larynx is to talk.

Trachea: The function of your trachea is to provide air flow to and from the lungs

Bronchi: The function of your bronchi is to bring air from your lungs.

Lungs: The function of your lungs is to carry the exchange of gases as we breath.

The respiratory system consists of organs such as the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs, which facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the body. The nasal cavity to the bronchioles form the conducting zone while the terminal bronchioles and alveoli form the respiratory zone.

The organs of the respiratory system include the nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and lungs. The system's primary function is to obtain oxygen to deliver to the body's tissues, remove carbon dioxide, a cell waste product, aid in speech production and sense odors. The nasal cavity, pharynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles constitute the conducting zone which provides passageways for air to travel in and out of the lungs. The respiratory zone which includes the terminal bronchioles and alveoli, is directly involved in gas exchange. The lungs are the major organs in this system responsible for gas exchange. They receive deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary artery, exchange gases in the alveoli, and the pulmonary veins return newly oxygenated blood to the heart for transport throughout the body.

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The correct answer is D. Repeating words that someone else has said.

Explanation.

The word "Echolalia" mainly used in certain fields of medicine such as psychology and psychiatry refers to the automatic or involuntary repetition of words or vocalizations made by someone else that is part of imitative behavior and mainly occur without awareness. Additionally, echolalia is related to short-term memory and can also be an indicator of autism, schizophrenia, epilepsy and other diseases or disorders and because of this echolalia has been widely studied in medicine. Therefore echolalia means repeating words that someone else has said.

Answer:

D. All of the above are species that affect humans.

Explanation:

The answer that is accurate is "the hens from which the eggs were produced would be the reservoir for this infection”. Salmonella bacterium can be found in chickens and other live birds. The eggs of the birds can become contaminated with these bacteria.

One can become ill from eating eggs that are uncooked or undercooked. To avoid disease, handle and prepare eggs correctly at all times. When birds lay eggs or after they have been deposited, when the eggs come into contact with bird faeces, salmonella can get on the egg shells. Commercial eggs, such as those one purchase at the grocery store, are not a concern because they are washed before being sent to stores. Salmonella can potentially contaminate the egg's interior as it develops within the bird before the shell is created. Eggs are safer today because far fewer egg-laying hens have this issue than they did in the 1980s and 1990s. However, some eggs continue to contain Salmonella contamination.

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Answer:

Functions of the small intestine:

- Digestion process = contributes to end digestion by adding pancreatic and bile juices to the process.

- Absorption process = Aids in the absorption of water, vitamins, proteins, salts, fats necessary for the body.

- Food transit (peritalism) = the chyme formed in the stomach continues its process in the intestine where more digestive enzymes are joined until it is taken to the large intestine with many products already discarded from the digestion.

Answer:

Patients would get Joint stiffness, swollen joints, some will get fatigue, lack of energy, low fever, if there damage to the lungs they'll get shortness of breath.

Explanation:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the synovial joints of the hands, feet, and cervical spine.

Symptoms: RA causes joints to become swollen, stiff, and painful. It typically affects joints symmetrically, meaning if one side of the body is affected, the other side likely will be too. Commonly affected areas are the hands, feet, and neck.

Autoimmune Disease: RA is an autoimmune disease in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue. This attack leads to inflammation of the joint lining, breakdown of cartilage, and eventual pain as bones start to rub against each other.

Risk Factors: RA is more common in women than men, and the typical age of onset is between 40 to 50 years of age. Factors like genetics, environment, and possible hormonal changes can contribute to the development of RA.

Diagnosis: Diagnosing RA involves several steps:

Advanced Imaging: Sometimes, an arthrogram, which is a type of medical imaging that uses a contrast agent, is performed. This technique visualizes the soft tissue structures within the joints, such as cartilage and tendons, allowing early detection of degenerative changes.

Answer:

The correct answer is option e. CO₂ production.

Explanation:

Thyroid hormones stimulate an increase in metabolic rate. It increased oxygen consumption and rates of ATP hydrolysis. Increased thyroid hormone levels stimulate lipid mobilization. They also increase the oxidation of fatty acids in several tissues.  

Thyroid hormones have an effect on the increase of metabolism of carbohydrates, including increased glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to producing free glucose.

CO₂ production is not a factor that increases metabolic rate stimulated by thyroid hormone but an outcome of the metabolic activity.

Thus, the correct answer is option e. CO₂ production.

Answer:

Diffusion is the net movement of any substance from a higher concentration region to the lower concentration region. It is conducting by a concentration gradient.

Osmosis is a process in which solvent (molecules) pass through a semipermeable membrane (SPM) from a lower concentration solution region to a higher concentration region so it equalizes the concentrations on each side of the SPM.

A hypotonic solution is a solution that has a higher concentration of solutes inside the cell than outside of the cell. Thus the movement of water is from outside to the inside of the cell.

A hypertonic solution is a solution in which solutes concentration is greater outside the cell and low concentration inside. The movement of water is from inside the cell to outside the cell.

An isotonic solution where two solutions having the same concentration inside and outside of the cell so there is free movement of molecules across a semipermeable membrane.

Answer:

The villi present on the epithelial lining of the intestinal wall has numerous microvilli that form the brush border.

Explanation:

The villi are the finger-like, small projections or foldings, present on the epithelial lining of the intestinal wall and extends into the lumen of small intestine. The special structure of the villi maximizes the surface area of the intestine, in order to maximize the absorption of nutrients.

The villus has numerous microvilli projecting from enterocytes of the epithelium. These numerous microscopic projections form the striated or brush border.