Develop an argument evaluating the extent to which the kingdoms and empires of the Sub-Saharan region succeeded in making achievements between c. 1200 and c. 1450.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Islamic political and aesthetic influences African societies remain difficult to assess. In about center cities, such as Ghana and GAO, the presence of Muslim merchants resulted in the establishment of mosques. The Malian king Mansa Musa (r. 1312-1337) brought the architect al-Sahili from a pilgrimage to Mecca, who is often credited with creating the Sudano-Sahelian style of construction. Musa's brother Mansa Sulaiman continued on his way and encouraged the construction of mosques as well as the development of Islamic learning. Islam brought to Africa the art of writing and new weighting techniques. The city of Timbuktu, for example, flourished as a commercial and intellectual center, apparently undisturbed by various disorders. Timbuktu began as a Tuareg settlement, soon joining the Malian empire, then it was claimed by the Tuareg, and finally incorporated into the Songhai Empire. In the 16th century, most of the Muslim scholars in Timbuktu were of Sudanese origin. On the eastern coast of the continent, the Arabic vocabulary was absorbed into the Bantu languages to form the Swahili language. On the other hand, in numerous cases adaptation for sub-Saharan Africans was perhaps a way to defend themselves in contradiction of slave sales, a flourishing trade between Lake Chad and the Mediterranean. The leaders of Africans, who were not energetic preachers, the adaptation remained somewhat formal, a sign perhaps aimed at gaining political support from the Arabs and facilitating trade relations. The strongest resistance to Islam appears to have emanated from Mossi and Bamana with the development of the Ségou kingdom. In the end, sub-Saharan Africans established their own product of Islam, often referred to as "African Islam," with specific brotherhoods and practices.

For its resistance to the representation of people and animals. The environment of Islam's collaboration with the graphic arts in Africa was one in which Islamic forms were accommodated and adapted. The literacy of Muslim clerics and their esoteric powers drew dozens of converts to Islam. Sub-Saharan Muslim clerics known as marabouts began making amulets with verses from the Koran, which eventually displaced indigenous talismans and medicinal packages.

These charms are presented in the project of many old-style African artifacts. Islam too strengthened the African liking for symmetrical design and repeating patterns in the surface decoration of textiles and handmade objects. Local weaving may have been transformed by importing weaving techniques from North Africa.

Islam has also often existed alongside representative traditions such as masking. Such practices have often been seen as supplementary rather than opposed to Islam, particularly when considered effective or operating outside of the core concerns of the faith. Ibn Battuta, the Maghribi scholar who visited Mali in 1352-1353 and witnessed a costume performance at the royal court of its Muslim king, noted an early example of this. In many areas of Africa, the coexistence of Islam with representative art forms continues today. During the time when Islam has inclined an extensive variety of artistic follows in Africa since its introduction, monumental architecture is the best-preserved legacy of its early history on the continent. Mosques remain the greatest significant architectural specimens of the marvelous aesthetic diversity made by the interaction between African peoples and the Islamic faith.


Related Questions

. Explain the significance of the Industrial Revolution

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The Industrial Revolution transformed economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system. New machines, new power sources, and new ways of organizing work made existing industries more productive and efficient.

Answer:

i would say i was a time of growing factorys and machines etc. alot happened like more companies made factory so there were alot of jobs. telll me if you want more

Explanation:

Help me!!!!
Lines from 1-6 find one phrase that shows that the maid had a clear view of what happened?

Answers

Answer:

I am just suggesting that it could be line 4.

Explanation:

I say this because it mentions how the "details were few and startling", meaning there is a specific description for said details. The details have been described in that phrase, thereby implying that that is what the maid saw (few and startling details)

According to an ancient story , My birth was some event, and gory! A hero sliced off a monster's head; The evil lady of snakes was dead! Sea-foam along with the blood of this dame Made the strange mixture from which I came! Find me in the sky, the Great Square, of course, For I am ________ , the ________!

Answers

Answer: Pegasus, the Winged Horse

Explanation: Pegasus is one of the most popular creatures in Greek mythology. He is a mythical winged divine horse usually depicted as pure white. Pegasus is the offspring of the Olympian god Poseidon and was foaled by the Gorgon Medusa upon her death, when she was beheaded by Perseus.

According to Greek mythology, Pegasus had other special abilities apart from being able to fly which literally set him above all other horses. For one, he had free passage from the mortal realm to the immortal realm and could travel between both worlds at will. Also, it was said that wherever his hoof struck the Earth, he created beautiful springs with water which inspired artists.

what is the importance of the raven and other birds in the account of Noah? from the bible. (Noah's arc)

Answers

Answer:The raven symbolizes God's care for the animal world was the tool God used to care for Elijah in his hour of need.

Explanation:

Answer:

I think the Raven is portrayed as an "unclean" bird and is considered to be evil. In contrast, the dove is a "clean" or "pure" bird and in Scripture it's a symbol of the Holy Spirit

Explanation:

Hope this helps !

Is cold war really an appropriate name for the conflict between the united states and the soviet union? In what ways was the cold war actually a hot war?

Answers

Answer:

it got pretty hot when america defended south korea when the soviet union backing up north korea when north invaded south and it is an appropriate name because before the korean war nothing has heated up

Explanation:

The whole conflict started the korean war

What is one right that only applies to United States citizens?

Answers

Only U.S citizens have the right to vote in federal elections.

Answer:Run for federal office

The actual war between the United States and Mexico started after......

A: the United States invaded Mexico.

B: Mexico invaded the United States.

C: the United States sent troops into the disputed border region.

D:Mexican forces attacked and killed American troops.

E:American troops seized a town in Mexico.

Answers

Answer: C. The United States sent troops into the disputed region

Explanation:

Answer:

C and D

Explanation:

i know.

The invasion of hungary in 1961 by the soviet union and the building of the berlin wall in 1961 are examples of

Answers

Answer:

Cold War era Conflicts

Explanation:

The Cold War began after the Second World War when tension between Eastern and Western Europe rises. The anxiety began because of different political ideas as Eastern Europe followed communism and the Western as Democracy. The Cold War created a sense of suspicion, tension, and fear. The invasion of Hungary and the building of the Berlin Wall by the Soviet Union was part of the Cold War-era conflicts.                              

Final answer:

The Soviet Union's intervention in Hungary in 1956 and the construction of the Berlin Wall in 1961 symbolized the enforcement of Soviet influence in Eastern Europe and containment of defection to the West during the Cold War.

Explanation:

The invasion of Hungary in 1956, not 1961 as mentioned in the question, by the Soviet Union and the building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 are examples of Cold War tensions and the Soviet Union's efforts to maintain control over Eastern Europe. The Hungarian Revolution of 1956 was a revolt against the communist government which led to the deployment of Soviet tanks and troops, quashing the movement for democratic reforms and freedom from Soviet oppression. The construction of the Berlin Wall served to prevent the migration of East Germans to the West, symbolizing the division between communist and non-communist blocs.

Both events demonstrated the lengths to which the Soviet Union would go to maintain its sphere of influence in Eastern Europe, despite rising discontent and calls for change within the satellite states. The fierce Soviet response to Hungary's bid for freedom signaled to Eastern Europe the consequences of challenging Moscow. In contrast, the eventual fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 became an iconic moment marking the collapse of Communist governments in Central and Eastern Europe and the symbolic end of the Cold War.

Who became the emperor of the Byzantine Empire in 527? Justinian I Theodosius I sons of Theodosius Constantine I

Answers

Answer:

482 – 14 November 565), traditionally known as Justinian the Great and also Saint Justinian the Great in the Eastern Orthodox Church, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565. His reign is marked by the ambitious but only partly realized renovatio imperii, or "restoration of the Empire".

Explanation:

Answer:Justinian

Explanation:

Justinian became the co-emperor after Justin's death.

Why could slaves not bring a civil suit to the Supreme Court?

Answers

Answer: Slaves could not bring a civil suit to the supreme court because the Supreme Court says that blacks cannot be citizens and that Congress has no power to outlaw slavery in any territory.

Explanation:

In a paragraph of 3–5 sentences, explain Lyndon B. Johnson’s “War on Poverty,” and describe key programs in the plan, which included housing programs, jobs programs, and social safety net benefits.

Answers

Answer:

President Lyndon B. Johnson worked day in and day out to eliminate poverty, injustice and crime from the American society. For this purpose they introduced the idea of "Great Society".

They passed many acts. Out of all of them "Economic Opportunity Act" was very important. Along with this, many legislatures were passed as well. They introduced 40 strategic programs.

Some of them are Community Action Program, VISTA, Job Corps, Head Start, Legal Services etc.

This paved the way to the Great Society envisioned by the President. Many of the programs introduced by him are still functional till today.

Due to his efforts, poverty was reduced as new jobs were created, education system was revolutionized and racial injustices were prevented.

Answer:

Lyndon B. Johnson's war on poverty was created in 1964 in order to allocate more government funding into the efforts to alleviate poverty. This legislation was a direct response toward the statistic that found around 19% of American live in property during that time. The main focus of the legislation is to improve the living condition of the poor and improve their economic opportunities.

Key programs:

- Housing programs

The legislation made it easier for poor family to obtain loan for property purchase. Before the legislation they were often denied since the credit provider believed that they're too big of a risk.

- Jobs programs

Provided Free vocational training and education for people who are at least 16 years old. These programs received around $1.7 billion in funding each year and was aimed to improve the quality of human resources in the country. Having those training and education will help them get higher paying jobs

- Social safety net benefits

They give these benefits in the form of food stamps and cash transfers.

PLEASE HELP I NEED HELP...
One of the themes in "Children of the Wartime Evacuation” is that it always helps to find the bright side of situations. Which detail from The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe best supports the same theme?

A.Lucy discovers an old wardrobe while she and her siblings are busy exploring.
B.Peter convinces his siblings that staying in a strange house will be an adventure.
C.The children are sent away by their parents to live in the country with the Professor.
D.The Professor tells the children that the wardrobe will no longer lead them to Narnia.

Answers

Answer:

b

Explanation:

Peter is trying to make the situation better, that would be trying to find the bright side of things, which is the theme of "children of the wartime Evacuation".

Answer: B

Explanation: I just took the test

Many African nations changed their names after gaining independence. The Gold Coast became Ghana, Rhodesia became Zimbabwe, and the Belgian Congo became Zaire. These changes most closely reflect the idea of A) nationalism B) mercantilism C) capitalism

Answers

These changes most closely reflect the idea of Capitalism

What economic characteristics of the Gilded Age might have helped to contribute towards consumerism in the 1920’s?

Answers

Answer:

I believe this to be capitalism

Explanation:

Specifically regarding to people such as carneggie, rockeffeller, morgan, and so on and so forth.

Final answer:

The economic characteristics of the Gilded Age that contributed towards consumerism in the 1920s were the rise of industry, the growth of the stock market, and the availability of credit and installment plans.

Explanation:

During the Gilded Age, several economic characteristics contributed towards consumerism in the 1920s. The rise of industry and the growth of the stock market led to increased prosperity and higher incomes for many Americans. This allowed people to spend more on consumer goods, such as automobiles, radios, and household appliances. Additionally, the availability of credit and installment plans made it easier for people to purchase these goods even if they didn't have the cash upfront.

what did the Anasazi do?

Answers

Answer:

The Anasazi built their dwellings under overhanging cliffs to protect them from the elements

they built dwellings under overhanging cliffs to protect them from elements

*Emperor is head of state, prime minister is head of government
*Constitutional Monarchy
*Vote at 18

Which country is described above?

Answers

Answer:

The country that these three elements describe:

*Emperor is head of state, prime minister is head of government

*Constitutional Monarchy

*Vote at 18

IS:

England

Explanation:

The Emperor in this case the queen is the head of state, nevertheless prime minister Boris Johnson is the head of government. It is a constitutional Monarchy because it was written by the nobles after a former emperor abused his power to demand taxes, and forces from them without consideration. Also, the age to vote is established to be 18 years old.

"I, Andrew Johnson, President of the United
States, do ... hereby grant and assure to all
white persons who have, directly or
indirectly, participated in the existing
rebellion, except as hereinafter excepted, a
full pardon, but upon the condition,
nevertheless, that every such person will, ...
freely and forever disclaim, and will never
assert, right or title to slaves, and that every
such person will never thereafter own a slave
or any interest therein."
- Andrew Johnson, "A Proclamation"
What was the condition made by Andrew Johnson
upon granting his pardons for citizens of the
South?
that all individuals pardoned must pay a
minimal fine
that only former enslaved people would be
pardoned, as they were forced into servitude
that all individuals would be pardoned as
long as they never again committed the act of
slavery
DONE

Answers

Its the third answer or C

C.)that all individuals would be pardoned as long as they never again committed the act of slavery

Bk 2020

Final answer:

Andrew Johnson required those pardoned to permanently renounce any claim to slavery and agree to never own slaves in the future which is the last option.

Explanation:

The condition made by Andrew Johnson upon granting pardons for citizens of the South was that every person pardoned must disclaim and forever renounce any right or title to slaves, and agree never to own a slave or have any interest in slavery thereafter.

This condition was a part of Johnson's approach to Reconstruction following the Civil War, which sought to reintegrate the Southern states into the Union while also abolishing slavery. While Johnson's proclamation offered amnesty and the restoration of property (except for slaves) to those who took an oath of loyalty to the United States, he also explicitly excluded certain groups from amnesty—including high-ranking Confederate officials, military officers, and wealthy individuals with property worth more than $20,000. These individuals had to seek personal pardons directly from Johnson.

How did conditions in germany and europe at the end of world war i contribute to the rise and triumph of nazism in germany?

Answers

Answer:

Uncertain future and poor economic conditions

Explanation:

After the World War I, Germans had problems trying to understand their country’s unknown future. Germans were exposed to poor economic conditions, unemployment, political instability,etc.

Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party exploited these bad conditions and proffered solutions to Germany’s problems. This made the people trust and vote for him.

ASAPPPPPPP PLLZZZZZZZ

Describe what the 1950's business man and/or woman looked like and acted like during this time period, what did they wear, what was the material, color and pattern, when did they use these clothes, how did it make a person feel and interact with other people

Answers

Answer:

Women in the 1950's dressed in unpadded, rounded shoulders, shapely bust lines,  closely-defined waistlines, and fully, billowy skirts. Men dressed very casual, casual pants/trousers/slacks, and sport coasts. The colors usually consisted of grey, brown or dark blue. The feeling of interacting with people back in the 50's was very different, it was much more free and more trusting.

Final answer:

In the 1950s, businessmen typically wore grey, blue, or brown wool blend suits with pinstripes, white shirts, and conservative ties, while businesswomen wore tailored suits that progressed towards fuller skirts and fitted jackets. The dress code influenced professional behavior, evoking formality, respect, and conformity within the workplace, and instilled a sense of confidence and propriety.

Explanation:

1950s Business Attire and Behavior

The 1950s were a period where the businessman and businesswoman were often characterized by a specific dress code and professional demeanor. The businessman typically wore suits made of wool or a wool blend, commonly in shades of grey, blue, or brown. Patterns such as pinstripes were popular, and suits were paired with white shirts and conservative ties. The businesswoman's attire evolved during the decade, starting with the tailored suit reminiscent of the 1940s and gradually moving towards the 1960s 'Mad Men' style with full skirts and fitted jackets, often accessorized with pearls and gloves.

Adhering to this dress code was not only an expectation but also a way to convey professionalism, competence, and respectability. This sartorial conformity also influenced how people interacted with one another—namely, with a sense of formality and mutual respect that reflected the conservative social mores of the time.

In terms of how it made individuals feel, dressing sharply in professional attire could instill a sense of confidence and pride in one's appearance, while also establishing a psychological state conducive to work and business interactions. However, it could also contribute to a rigid social hierarchy that emphasized traditional roles and conformity.

What were the causes of the rise of nationalism throughout the world in the time period 1750-1900

Answers

Answer:

There were many causes, but the main were need for national unification and also absolutist regimes that dominated Europe in 18th Century.

Explanation:

In 1750. there weren't many national states, especially in Europe. Absolute monarchies, such as France, Austria, Russia and Ottoman Empire were not allowing people who lived inside those countries too many liberties. That is why the wave of national revolution started. It is interesting that first such revolution happened in 16th Century in Netherlands, but this new wave started in British colonies in America, and later in France, Austria, Ottoman Empire...

According to the declaration of independence, what 3 rights does everyone have?

Answers

Answer:

life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness

Explanation:

What were Victorian christmases like ?

Answers

Answer:

Gift giving had traditionally been at New Year but moved as Christmas became more important to the Victorians. Initially gifts were rather modest – fruit, nuts, sweets and small handmade trinkets. These were usually hung on the Christmas tree. ... The roast turkey also has its beginnings in Victorian Britain.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Victorian Christmas was a time of Christian tradition, burgeoning consumerism, and distinct class experiences. Wealthy Victorians indulged in moralistic leisure, while the laboring classes found brief respite from their arduous labors.

Explanation:

Victorian Christmases were an elaborate blend of Christian piety and burgeoning consumerism, reflecting the broader contrasts and tensions in Victorian culture. The season was infused with a certain morality tying virtue to economic success, and leisure activities were enjoyed by the social elites, as described in literary works of the era. While urbanization led to increased alcoholism and casual drinking, becoming particularly indulgent during the holidays, there was a stark divide between the experiences of the affluent and the laboring classes, including slaves.

Festivities during the Victorian era included traditional decorations, exchanges of gifts, which benefited from the birth of modern consumerism, and activities like hunting, playing ball, and dancing. Middle-class men were primarily working away from home, which led to gender-specific roles within the household, while the holiday provided a brief respite for laborers and a sanctioned period of leisure, even for slaves as mentioned by Frederick Douglass in his account of the period between Christmas and New Year's Day.

Which of these statements describes the outcome of battle of Fredericksburg

• The union suffered a heavy defeat.

• The confederacy was forced to be retreat

• The union were outnumbered.

Answers

Answer:

The union suffered a heavy defeat

Explanation:

Too ez

By September 1937 nationalists and communists in China had

a.largely lost the capability to fight.
b.begun to fight against each other as fiercely as they fought against the Japanese.
c.agreed on a "united front" policy against the Japanese.
d.reached out to Japanese occupiers with peace offerings.
e.begun to work with the Germans to fight Japan.

Answers

C. Agreed on a “ united front” policy against the Japanese

how did the punic wars affect the romans?

Answers

Answer:

B.

Rome's Population fell after famine and a plague

Explanation:

Answer:

I thinks it's D Rome gained new soldiers

Explanation:

Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.

This passage from the declaration explains

A. what happens to countries that commit human rights violations.
B. that human rights apply to all the people of the world.
C. the importance of establishing basic human rights.
D. that some rights can be limited by sovereign nations.

Answers

Answer:

The Answer is B

Explanation:

Final answer:

The passage in question is from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. It asserts that all individuals, irrespective of their circumstances or the political status of their country, are entitled to the rights and freedoms outlined in the Declaration.

Explanation:

The passage you're referring to is from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, a foundational document for human rights globally. This passage specifically articulates that every individual, regardless of circumstance or status, is entitled to the rights and freedoms outlined in the Declaration. This assertion signifies that human rights are inherently universal, with no distinction or discrimination permissible on any grounds. Even the status of a person's country, whether it's independent, in trusteeship, non-self-governing or under other limitations of sovereignty, is not allowed to influence these rights and freedoms. Hence, the correct answer is B. Human rights apply to all the people of the world.

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4. How would you describe Polk's stated and unstated reasons for going to war? How do they differ? Are they legitimate reasons, in your opinion, for a country to go to war?

Answers

Final answer:

President James K. Polk's stated reasons for the Mexican-American war were territorially based and influenced by the popular belief in Manifest Destiny. His unstated reasons involved a covert desire for further land annexation. The legitimacy of these reasons is subjective, changing with one's viewpoint.

Explanation:

President James K. Polk's stated reasons for going to war with Mexico in 1846 primarily centered around territory disputes and expansionist desires, specifically in relation to the Texas's southern border. The Manifest Destiny, a popular belief in the 1840s, essentially considered it the divine right and duty of White Americans to seize and spread across the continent, disseminating Protestant, democratic values in the process. President Polk exploited this mindset and used it to gain support for the war with Mexico. An unstated but significant reason was his desire for the annexation of California and New Mexico.

Polk's stated and unstated reasons differ in their level of transparency to the public. The stated reasons were made clear to the American public, while the unstated motivations were more covert and strategic. The legitimacy of these reasons for war is subjective and depends largely on one's perspective. From an expansionist viewpoint, the urge to attain more lands might justify the means. However, from a modern ethical standpoint, the actions could be seen as aggressive and unjust.

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In 2005 Governor Sonny Perdue announced a five-year partnership the Georgia Institute of Technology and Pirelli, a company that specializes in broadband access and optical systems. This partnership contributes most to the growth of which fields?

Answers

The partnership between Governor Sonny Perdue, Georgia Tech, and Pirelli aids in the growth of technology and engineering sectors within Georgia, supporting the state's aims of economic strengthening through technological innovation.

The five-year partnership announced in 2005 between Governor Sonny Perdue, the Georgia Institute of Technology, and Pirelli, a company specializing in broadband access and optical systems, contributes primarily to the growth of the technology and engineering fields. This partnership likely focuses on innovation in technology, particularly in areas related to broadband connectivity and the development of new optical systems which are crucial for advances in various tech industries. Considering Georgia's initiatives, such as tax credits in the technology sector to encourage the automotive industry and other tech-related businesses, this collaboration fits within the state's wider strategy to strengthen its economy through technological advancement and education.

The partnership between the Georgia Institute of Technology and Pirelli mainly contributes to advancements in the fields of technology and engineering. It reinforces Georgia's strategies for economic development through educational excellence and industry-led growth. The collaboration supports the broader effort to create a skilled workforce and a robust business environment in Georgia.

The partnership announced in 2005 between the Georgia Institute of Technology and Pirelli, a company known for its specialization in broadband access and optical systems, significantly contributes to the propagation and development of two main fields: technology and engineering. This collaboration is expected to bolster advancements in broadband technology and optical systems given Georgia Tech's standing in science and technology education and Pirelli's industry expertise.

The impact of such partnerships aligns with broader efforts in Georgia to fortify the economy by fostering a skilled workforce and incentivizing industries, such as the automotive sector, to thrive in the state. Investment in education and innovative programs, exemplified by Georgia State University's initiatives for student success and the emphasis on partnerships in the technology sector, has contributed to a supportive business environment. This environment aids in job creation and positions Georgia as a hub for business and technological advancement.

These developments, as noted by Georgia's economic development strategies, are instrumental in reinforcing Georgia's commitment to becoming a leading figure in education and industry. The partnership contributes to an industry-focused, technology-driven economic growth, furthering the state's reputation for innovative policies and progressive educational platforms.

what difficulties did Americans have adjusting to the peace after the war​

Answers

Answer:

Major problems at the end of the war included labor strikes and race riots, and a lag in the economy due to farmers' debts. The Red Summer of 1919 saw an increase in violence in more than two dozen cities, as returning veterans (both white and African American) competed for jobs.

Explanation:

What helped people from other states feel more secure about moving to Texas after annexation?
a. Settlers would have the same national government and protections they were used to having.
b. Texas offered armed protection to settlers.
c. The education and healthcare systems in Texas were highly developed.
d. Settlers could claim protection from both the U.S. and Mexican governments.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is A ( settlers would have the same national government and protections they were used to having)

Explanation:

Answer:

a.

Settlers would have the same national government and protections they were used to having.

Explanation:

Please mark me brainliest

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