Answer:
stability ; change
Explanation:
There are three longitudinal studies that basically help us to study the extend to which whether is stability or change in human personality o behavior. This includes --
(1) Costa and McCrae's Baltimore Study
(2) Vaillant's Studies
(3) Berkeley Longitudinal Studies
Costa and McCrae's Baltimore logitudinal study :
Their study focuses on five factors that influence personality. They studied and concluded that the personality remains stable though out the adult years because of the five factors of personality.
Berkeley Longitudinal Studies :
Berkeley supports the change in the personality development in the adult phase of human being.
Diana when young was shy and did not have confidence to interact with others. But at adulthood at the age of 65, she feels confident in her abilities but is still not able to interact confidently.
Thus the answer is ---
stability ; change
Yuri decided to delay his road trip after hearing a weather forecaster warn that a severe snowstorm would pass through the area within several hours. Yuri's decision best illustrates the impact of_________.a.social facilitation.b.normative social influence.c.groupthink.d.informational social influence.
Answer:
The answer is d. informational social influence.
Explanation:
This type of influence occurs when an external source of information affects our decision-making. The information might come from experts or non-experts, and it might be acquired verbally or through observation.
For example, if you travel to a different country and you don't know the customs, you might choose to ask a resident or observe other people's behaviours.
The novel, Uncle Tom's Cabin, by Harriet Beecher StoweA. was a reaction against the Fugitive Slave Act.B. described slavery as a sin.C. convinced many northerners of the righteousness of the cause of abolition.D. all of these answers are correct.
Answer:
D. all of these answers are correct.
Explanation:
Harriet Beecher Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin" shows the condition and lives of the slaves during the slavery system, the recently passed Fugitive Slave Act and the effects it had on them. Stowe became one of the strongest abolitionists fighting for the rights of the colored people.
Her novel was written just after the government passed the Fugitive Slave Act in 1850, thus making the retrieving of runaway slaves by masters as a legal right. Though this gave the rights to make the slaves return to their masters, it also led to many free slaves being openly forced to be taken back. It also led to mass immigration of slaves to Canada, which led Stowe to write about the reaction of the people about the Act. It also led to the northern states to sympathize with the slaves and gained a lot of supporters for the abolition of the system. Describing slavery as a sin against humanity, Stowe managed to impact a lot of people with her novel, leading it to be one of the main reasons for the Civil War in America.
What happens in collective bargaining?
a.Workers go out on strike to gain their objectives.
b.Representatives of unions and companies negotiate new labor contracts.
c.The unions usually reach all of their goals.
d.The courts decide how much companies will pay workers.
Answer:
Option B, Representatives of unions and companies negotiate new labor contracts, is the right answer.
Explanation:
A process through which the representative of the labor union bargains with the group of employees on various issues such as working conditions, salaries, compensation and rights for workers, and other benefits of workers, is known as collective bargaining. The collective agreements that both these groups reach following negotiations generally fix working hours, wage scale, training, overtime, health and safety and to participate in the affairs of the company.
In collective bargaining, labor unions and employers negotiate over employment terms. If no agreement is reached, unions might strike to enforce their demands.
Explanation:Collective bargaining is the process by which labor unions and employers negotiate terms and conditions of employment. The correct answer to what happens in collective bargaining is b. Representatives of unions and companies negotiate new labor contracts. This back-and-forth negotiation includes discussions about wages, hours, benefits, and working conditions. If an agreement cannot be reached during these negotiations, the union may decide to take action through a strike, where workers refuse to work until their demands are met.
When examining Stanley Milgram's research, some have suggested that a teacher's willingness to deliver potentially lethal shocks may be more a product of ____ than of obedience, but as of yet no research supports this specific conclusion
a.) the foot-in-the-door technique
b.) the door-in-the-face technique
c.) lowballing
d.) the "that's not all" technique
Answer:
a.) the foot-in-the-door technique
Explanation:
Foot-in-the-door technique: In psychology, the term foot-in-the-door technique or FITD technique is defined as a form of compliance that focuses on making a person agree for any large request by first making the person agree to a small request. This technique usually persuades a person to agree for specific actions.
Example: A person asks his or her neighbor to keep his or her per for one day as the person was going out later the person asked to give water to the plants as well.
Learners with a(n) ______________________ mindset believe people are either born intelligent or they are not. They avoid a challenge because they fear their intelligence may not be up to the task.
Answer:
The answer is fixed mindset.
Explanation:
In contrast to a growth mindset, which defines people who believe their intelligence can be improved with personal exprience, a person with a fixed mindset thinks it's impossible to change the way they are, regardless of the circumstances.
Fixed mindsets often hinder people from overcoming new challenges.
If a second stimulus arrives before the relaxation phase has ended
Answer:
a second, more powerful contraction occurs
Explanation:
A second and more powerful contraction occurs if the second stimulus arrives early before the relaxation phase has been ended. This is called wave summation where one twitch is added to another twitch in this way.
A twitch is a single stimulus contraction and relaxation sequence in the muscle fibers.
The excitation and contraction coupling effects of the successive motor neuron signaling when added together is called a wave summation. The bottom at each wave represents the stimulus at the end of relaxation phase.
Thus the answer is --
a second, more powerful contraction occurs.
Suppose that parents catch their teenage daughter stealing beer from a convenience store. If the parents want to decrease the likelihood that their daughter will steal again, which of the following actions would constitute a positive punishment to this desired end?
A. Harshly rebuking their daughter upon detection of the stolen beer
B. Denying their daughter television, Internet, and smart phone privileges for one week
C. Forcing their daughter to return the beer to the store and to write the store owner a letter of apology
D. Buying their daughter a stash of her favorite soft drinks for her to drink in lieu of beer
Answer:
A. Harshly rebuking their daughter upon detection of the stolen beer
Explanation:
B.F. Skinner's theory on operant conditioning gave the concept of positive punishment. Punishment is given with goal to decrease the behavior of the individual that it follows.
In operant conditioning, positive punishment means to add something in order to decrease the likelihood in the behavior. Positive punishment is the method of adding an undesirable stimulus to lower or decrease a behavior.
Thus in the context, when Amanda's parents caught her stealing beer from the store, the parents should rebuke her so that she does not repeat the behavior in the future. Thus this shows that giving negative stimulus helps to decrease the behavior in the future, which is known as positive punishment.
Thus the correct option is --- option (A).
Jen is listening to Charlotte's speech on global warming. Jen does not believe global warming is a problem, and she refuses to listen to what Charlotte has to say. Which element of active listening does Jen need to work on?
Answer: Attitude
Explanation:
Attitude in terms of active listening skill is defined as skill in which an individual is able to listen or hear and understand the content delivered by other person. Listener should not distract speaker, should have patience to understand the speech, show attention etc.
According to the question, Jen needs to improve her attitude towards listening the speech of Charlotte. Refusal attitude towards listening and understanding a speech is not a good quality of active listener.
As your exam in Psy 1001 approaches, you have a nagging sense that you need to study for it to avoid getting a bad grade. You begin to review your notes. You complete the learning objectives. You spend more and more time preparing for the upcoming exam. By studying more you remove your anxiety that you will get a bad grade on your exam. A behavioral psychologist would observe that your studying behavior has been conditioned through ____________.
a. positive punishment
b. negative punishment
c. negative reinforcement
d. positive reinforcement
The correct answer would be option C, Negative Reinforcement.
A behavioral psychologist would observe that your studying behavior has been conditioned through negative reinforcement.
Explanation:
Negative Reinforcement is a concept that is given by B.F Skinner. He present his theory of Operant Conditioning in which he explained about negative and positive reinforcement, and negative and positive punishment.
According to Skinner, A negative reinforcement is something when a behavior or response is strengthened by removing or avoiding a negative outcome. For example, when a child do the dishes to avoid her mother's nagging.
Similarly, study to avoid bad grades is the example of negative reinforcement.
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In an attempt to block the Civil Rights Act of 1957, the former Republican senator from South Carolina Strom Thurmond spoke for 24 hours and 18 minutes on the Senate floor. This set the record for the Senate's longest_______.
Answer:
Strom Thumond 24-hour speech set the record for the Senate's longest filibuster speech.
Filibuster is the action of preventing the voting a passage of a bill by spending time delivering speeches. A Congress usually has time limits for approving of disapporving bills, and filibuster can be effective in preventing the bill from being voted on time.
Senator Strom Thurmond delivered this speech to keep the Civil Rights Act from being approved, in the end, he lost his bid and president Johnson Sanctioned the act in 1964.
Nina is a middle school student with severe, chronic asthma. To attend school, she must receive breathing treatments up to four times a day. What court case paved the way for Nina to receive these services at school at no expense to her parents?
Answer:
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro
Explanation:
Irving Independent School District v. Tatro, is a case in which the U.S. Supreme Court on July 5, 1984, ruled (9–0) that, under the Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975 (EAHCA; now known as the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act), a school board in Texas had to provide catheterization services during class hours to a student with spina bifida.
This case is the court’s first attempt to define the distinction between “school health services” and “medical services.”
Here the same applies to Nina in that the school is obligated to pay for ther breathing treatments.
When one treatment condition has a lasting effect on individuals that influences their scores in future treatments, the study is confounded by ____.
The answer is carry-over effects
Explanation: Carry-Over Effects is an effect that "transports" from one experimental condition to another. Whenever subjects perform in more than one condition (which occurs in projects within the subject), there is the possibility of transition effects. For example, consider an experiment on the effect of presentation rate on memory.
According to behavioral theories of depression, life stress leads to:
a. depression because it produces positive reinforcers
b. depressive behaviors often are reinforced by the sympathy and attention they bring about in other people
c. depressive patterns are more likely in extroverted people with good social skills
d. the presence of a support system has no influence on one's susceptibility to depression
According to behavioral theories of depression, life stress leads to depressive behaviors often are reinforced by the sympathy and attention they bring about in other people.
Answer: Option B
Explanation:
Depression is the illness of the mental state of the person. The theories of the behavioral approach are about the environmental impact on them and how they develop themselves to cope with the depression.
These depressive behaviors are often reduces by the attention they get and the appreciation they receive from the other people. These behaviors and sympathy on other individual can have the direct impact on the depressive thoughts on the patient.
deciding if something is stressful, benign, or irrelevant deciding how to respond to a stressor downplaying or preventing an emotional response to a stressor directly solving the problem is called____________.
Answer:
This is incomplete question. Assuming it to be a "fill in the blank" question. The answers are :
-- Primary Appraisal
-- Secondary Appraisal
-- Emotion-focused coping
-- Problem-focused coping
Explanation:
Primary Appraisal
Primary Appraisal is deciding if anything is insignificant or irrelevant. It is the assessment of how relevant or significant the event is for an individual, considering it to be an opportunity or threat.
Secondary Appraisal
Secondary Appraisal is defined as the process to cope or respond to the threat or stress. It is the way how any individual addresses to any stress or threat.
Emotion-focused coping
Emotion-focused coping is a method of managing stress which attempts to reduce the response towards negative emotions such as aggression, fear, anxiety, etc that occurs because of stressors.
Problem-focused coping
Problem-focused coping is a method to deal with the stressful event by taking direct steps to solve the problem or change the source of the problem.
Shanice has been selling drugs here and there for the past few years. She doesn’t make a lot of money, but it’s enough to get by. She has befriended Rizzo who claims to have a big job for her. Typically, she only sells marijuana but he claims she can make a lot more selling crack cocaine. She is very hesitant because she knows of the harsh penalties associated with crack, but Rizzo continuously pressures her to come work for him and makes statements like "if she values their friendship, she would start dealing crack for him." Eventually after months of convincing she gives in to Rizzo. It turns out Rizzo is an undercover agent. Under which test will Shanice have the best chances of an acquittal if she faces criminal charges?
Answer:
Shanice didn't mean to sell crack cocaine, she was manipulated by the undercover agent to do it so, statement that they wouldn't be friends any more if she didn't do it.
Explanation:
If Shanice face criminal charges, she will have the best chances of an acquittal under the test that she was pressured by the undercover agent to do it. She didn't mean to sell crack cocaine, she was very aware about the harsh penalties associated with crack and that's why she only sold marijuana. The undercover agent manipulated her and continuously pressured her to work for him, telling her he had a big job for her. It was the agent idea in the first place and he used excuses as " if she values their friendship, she would start dealing crack for him" to make her sell crack cocaine. He totally corrupted her and lead her to the wrong path he wanted to.
Shanice's best chance for acquittal on criminal charges for selling crack cocaine after being pressed by an undercover agent is the defense of entrapment, specifically under the subjective test which looks at her predisposition and state of mind instead of the government's conduct.
When Shanice faces criminal charges for dealing crack cocaine after being coerced by an undercover agent, she may rely on the defense of entrapment. Entrapment occurs when law enforcement induces a person to commit a criminal act they otherwise would not have committed. If a court finds that Rizzo, the undercover agent, pressured Shanice into selling crack cocaine, and this pressure overcame her will to obey the law, then under the entrapment defense, she may have a chance of acquittal.
The success of this defense depends on whether the court applies the subjective or objective test for entrapment. The subjective test looks at the defendant's state of mind and predisposition to commit the crime. If Shanice can show she had no previous intention to sell crack cocaine and did so only because of Rizzo's undue influence, the subjective test would favor her defense. On the other hand, the objective test considers whether the government's actions would have induced any innocent person to commit the crime, focusing on the government's conduct rather than the defendant's predisposition.
In Shanice's situation, her best chance for an acquittal would likely come from the subjective test because it allows her personal circumstances and Rizzo's coercive tactics to be considered in her defense.
The Asian approach to elder care is different from the approach in most Western countries, where the elderly are considered independent and are expected to tend to their own care. It is not uncommon for family members to intervene, but
Answer:
thx
Explanation:
The cultural perspective on elder care differs across societies. Asian cultures traditionally place the family in charge of elder care, while Western societies often view the elderly as independent. However, modernization and societal shifts have led to a growing need for community and government provided elder care.
Explanation:Cultural attitudes heavily influence how elder care is approached. For instance, in many Asian cultures, the responsibility for elder care is typically placed on the family, a practice embedded in the principle of filial piety or the respect to one's parents and ancestors. In contrast, the approach in most Western countries, like the US, views the elderly as independent and expecting them to manage their own care, with family intervention mainly occurring when health deteriorates.
However, these cultural norms are changing due to factors such as industrialization and modernization. For instance, the rise in women entering the workforce, and shifting from agrarian to industrial societies. This has led to an increase in demand for community and government elder care.
Despite these shifts, it is important to remember that not all demographic groups within a country, like the US, share the same attitudes towards aging and elder care. For example, Latinos, African Americans, and Asians are typically less likely to resort to out-of-home assisted care for their elderly family members.
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What are the principle strategies that groups use to affect policymaking? Which strategy seems to be the most effective, and why? Are certain strategies better suited for different types of interest groups?
Answer:
The two strategies are Iron Triangles and Issue Networks.
The most effective strategy is the iron triangle because it consists of a reciprocal benefit between Congress, bureaucrats of the government, and lobby groups that have particular interests. Each participant performs an action that will benefit the other group, and in this way, they create a permanent and solid bond between the 3.
Certain strategies are better suited for different types of interest groups:
The Iron Triangle model has higher chances to show how the creation and execution of policies are in a technical way, and the public lacks knowledge about how it works. The Issue Network model takes the assumption that the public is an important factor for the elaboration of policies regarding an issue.Last week, Becky read that labels can bias perceptions, so she does not support placing diagnostic labels on psychological problems. If you were trying to convince her that these types of labels do have benefits, you might tell her that mental health professionals use labels to____.A. communicate about their clientsB. comprehend the underlying causes of psychological problemsC. choose the most effective course of treatment.D. all choices are correct
Answer:
The correct answer is: All choices are correct.
Explanation:
Mental health professionals use labels not to stigmatize or categorize individuals. The goal of mental health professionals when using diagnostic manuals such as the DSM-5 and placing diagnostic labels on their patients is to facilitate the communication between mental health professionals. Having a language in common facilitates the communication between social workers, psychiatrists, clinical psychologists.
While labeling may seem to stigmatize, it helps in the comprehension of the underlying causes of psychological problems, the symptoms, the predisposition factors, the course of the condition, and so on.
And lastly, using diagnostic labels helps clinicians and mental health professionals choose the most effective course of treatment. Certain disorders are treated in a considerably different way than others.
In conclusion, the correct answer is: D. All choices are correct.
Gunshot wounds, bullet holes, and cartridge casings indicating that a firearm was discharged are examples of what type of evidence?
it is either physical evidence or demonstrative evidence.
_____ are efforts that go into selling, such as the number and type of sales calls, expense account management, and a variety of non-selling activities, such as customer follow-up work and client service?
Answer: Input measures
Explanation:
Input measures are referred to as the exertion and forces that go into selling. These measures are further put forth into the process so as to accomplish the output which includes the work force, equipment, capital(machinery), and the raw input. These measures alongside measurements of the output, the process time, and several other aspects, are used in order to formulate the process improvement strategies.
Eight-month-old Gabriel reaches for one of his mother's long, dangly earrings and gets quite upset when she won't let him grab it. Gabriel's behavior reflects which one of the following principles?
a. children's behavior is often goal-directed
b. as children get older, they begin to acquire personal interests
c. children tend to form eternal attributions about their failures
d. many children increasingly internalize other people's values
Answer:
A). Children's behavior is often goal-directed.
Explanation:
Piaget gave his theory of 'child development' where he elaborates how a child experiences different stages of cognitive development in order to form a mental construct/replica of the world he is surrounded by.
'Goal-directed' behavior is illustrated as the 'infancy' stage of cognitive development in which the child(infant) develops learning of their environment and begins to indulge in the deliberate behavior which is 'goal-oriented' in order to get their goal accomplished.
In the given situation, Gabriel's intentional behavior is exemplified by her distress(upset behavior) when her mother 'forbids her' to get her target 'dangly earrings' accomplished. Thus, option A is the correct answer.
Why are media potentially so effective?
A. Their quality is controlled by the government.
B. Media are all around us.
C. They don't cost anything to use.
D. All of the above.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Media controls us bruv
Answer:
B.) Media are all around us.
Explanation:
Ape x :)
Armand does not feel much emotion and does not really want to do anything. He has also completely withdrawn from his friends and family. The presence of these behaviors illustrates _____ symptoms of schizophrenia.
Answer:
These are early symptoms of schizophrenia.
Explanation:
Although for some people schizophrenia comes sudddenly, for others it is a slow process that shows clear symptoms before developing. In early phases of this condition, people might show themselves as depressed and withdrawn from social interaction. It is also possible that people abandon hobbies an show hostile behaviours.
Later symptoms include hallucinations or disorganized speech.
When he leaves his house, Carlton experiences high levels of anxiety about whether he has locked his front door. As a result, he goes back to check the door multiple times, and sometimes he is so anxious about not having locked up that he is unable to leave his home at all. Which disorder is he most likely experiencing here?A. Social phobiaB. Generalized anxiety disorderC. Obsessive-compulsive disorderD. Avoidant personality disorderE. Agoraphobia
Answer:
Carlton is likely experiencing Option C, obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Explanation:
This seems to be an example of obsessive-cumpulsive disorder because of Carlton's need to repeatedly check on the lock, and the subsequent anxiety he experiences at the thought of not having locked up properly. It is likely that Carlton experiences significant problems from having these compulsions and obsessions because he is sometimes not able to leave and function in his daily tasks.
Americans glorify academic progress and material success. However, most students do not graduate with honors and most citizens are not wealthy. This condition characterizes the difference between _____ and _____.
a. value clusters; value contradictions
b. material culture; symbolic culture
c. real culture; ideal culture
d. sub-culture; counter culture
Answer:
c. real culture; ideal culture.
Explanation:
The social institutions, arts, value, norms, and other human intellectual achievements of a social group, community or nation is termed as culture. There are different perceptions of culture which includes real and ideal culture. Ideal culture refers to the values and norms which has been idealized or claimed by a culture while on the other hand real culture refers to the norms and values which are actually followed by a culture. For example, American society promotes the ideals of academic progress and material success but they do not reflect in society.
The SIOC acts as the FBI's worldwide Emergency Operations Center. Which of these is established by the FBI in response to significant threats or incidents involving Federal crimes under the criminal jurisdiction of the United States?
A. National Military Command Center (NMCC)B. Joint Operations CenterC. Disaster Response CenterD. The National Operations Center (NOC)
Joint Operations Center (JOC) is started by the FBI.
B. Joint Operations Center
Explanation:
In the house of the Joint Operations Center, there are more than 70 agencies are present. They are intelligent agencies working on a full day.
The main job is to search for information and spread it with their teams. They all are together so they can easily share their information.
People in the JOC works with the computer. It has a map of certain area and they are involving in analyzing the area.
The Seneca Falls Convention’s Declaration of Sentiments:answer choicesa.did not demand voting rights for women because participants were so divided on the issueb.was modeled on the Bill of Rights in the U.S. Constitutionc.condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and womend.inspired Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton to become abolitionists
Answer:
a. did not demand voting rights for women because participants were so divided on the issue
Explanation:
The Seneca Falls Convention was held at Seneca Falls in New York on the 19th and 20th July of 1848. About three hundred women and forty men attended the meeting. They wrote and signed the Declaration of Sentiments, which tried to bring equality in women in the society.
As a result the Declaration of Sentiments was documented which highlighted the injustice shown to the women in the society including women's voting rights, women's property rights, inequality shown in education and employment and many others.
Out of all this inequalities, one of the resolution that was not passed in the Declaration of Sentiments was that of women's suffrage as it was believed by some that the topic is controversial and would affect their social equality in some other arenas.
Hence the answer is --
a. did not demand voting rights for women because participants were so divided on the issue
In the early days of the new monetary system, stockholders were more willing to invest in corporations because of ________, which limits their financial responsibility to whatever they invested in the company.
Answer: Inflation.
Explanation: When inflation occurs, the purchasing power of money decreases, it is in these economic moments that investing in companies can generate a profitability because, if the company obtains a profit, we will obtain a percentage of it, facing the aforementioned loss of power purchasing and, suddenly, a company´s growth.
You see an advertisement for the "Fit-Gadget," an expensive new activity tracker that promises to help you "effortlessly remake your life." The ad quotes one user who says that "Fit-Gadget has helped me lose twenty pounds" and another who says "Thank you, Fit-Gadget! I just won my first 10k!" What can you safely conclude about the effectiveness of this new activity tracker?
Answer:
Nothing. Advertisements are not a valid source of scientific evidence since they are testimonials.
Explanation:
Testimonials are an important toll in marketing industry and are often used to show the efficacy of a product such as this "Fit-Gadget". It is not unusual to for people to base their decision on this testimonials even though they are not grounded in science. This factor, of not being based in scientific evidence discards them as a source of reliable evidence.
Steven recently purchased a meat-packing plant in which the employees are unionized. Steven confesses that he knows almost nothing about labor law. In advising him about the National Labor Relations Act, you should tell him that he is prohibited from all of the following except:_____________.
a. refusing to bargain collectively with the duly designated representative of the employees.
b. dominating a labor organization.
c. protecting employees' right to strike.
d. interfering with employee efforts to unionize.
Answer: C
Explanation:
protecting employees' right to strike.