You coat a petri dish with fibronectin and proteoglycans and culture cells on the dish. the cells adhere to the dish. you repeat the experiment but this time add rgd tripeptides to the culture dish as the cells are added. what happens?
" The cells will show reduced adhesion to the culture dish when RGD tripeptides are added.
Fibronectin is a glycoprotein that is important for cell adhesion. It contains the RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) sequence, which is a key recognition site for cell surface integrins. Integrins are transmembrane receptors that facilitate cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion. When cells are cultured on a petri dish coated with fibronectin and proteoglycans, they adhere to the dish through the interaction of their integrins with the RGD sequences present in fibronectin.
When soluble RGD tripeptides are added to the culture dish, they act as competitive inhibitors. These free RGD peptides can bind to the integrins on the cell surface, effectively blocking the RGD sites on the fibronectin-coated dish. As a result, the cells have fewer opportunities to bind to the fibronectin via their integrins, leading to reduced adhesion.
In summary, the addition of RGD tripeptides to the culture dish will competitively inhibit the binding of cell integrins to the fibronectin-coated surface, resulting in decreased cell adhesion compared to the initial experiment without the added RGD peptides."
In the uvr excision repair system in
e. coli, which enzyme recruits uvrc
Which is not a disease contracted through contaminated water?
A.schistosomiasis
B.pneumonia
C.typhoid
What will be the effect of a mutation that destroys the ability of poly(a)-binding protein (pabp) to attach to a poly(a) tail?
Mutation is defined as the permanent alteration of the nucleotide sequence of the genome of an organism, virus, or extrachromosomal DNA or other genetic elements.
So if mutation destroys the ability of a poly(a) binding protein to attach a poly(a) tail, mRNA would degrade hence disrupt the regulation of mRNA regulation.
Monkey's (new world) and primates (old world) have distinctly different vision. most monkey's have dichromatic vision, while primates have trichromatic vision.
a. what kind of mutation occurred in the primate lineage to allow the primates to have an extra opsin gene.
Duplication of an ancestral opsin gene occurred in the primate lineage (Old World primates) and subsequent mutations in the new copy resulted in two types of opsin, instead of just one.
Opsins are a group of light-sensitive proteins found in photoreceptor cells (cone cells) of the retina and they are the primary photopigments in primate eyes. Opsins are involved in vision, mediating the conversion of a photon of light into an electrochemical signal, the first step in the visual transduction cascade.
The difference in colour vision between New and Old World primates results from differing arrangements of the photopigment genes on the X chromosome. In Old World primates the three photopigments are required for trichromatic colour vision and they are encoded by two or more X-chromosome photopigment genes and an autosomal photopigment gene. New World monkeys typically have only one X-chromosome pigment gene.
Primates have trichromatic vision and an extra opsin gene that allows them to see a wide range of colors, unlike most other mammals.
Explanation:Primates have trichromatic vision, which means they have three types of cones in their eyes that allow them to see a wide range of colors. This is in contrast to most other mammals, including monkeys, which have dichromatic vision with only two types of cones. The mutation that occurred in the primate lineage to allow them to have an extra opsin gene is called opsin gene duplication.
why is the carbon cycle important to plants
Answer:it described how carbon is recycled between earth's biosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere and atmosphere. Carbon is an essential element for all life forms so understanding how it is recycled will help us to understand factors and all the biological processes that influence them.
Explanation:
James wants to create a self-sustaining ecosystem, or vivarium. Which method would most likely result in an ecosystem that is viable for the longest amount of time with no additional care? Put a few plants, water, sand, and a heat lamp inside a clear glass aquarium and seal the top. Place it in a sunny location. Put water, fertilizer, soil, plants and insects in an open, clear glass aquarium. Place it in an area that has some sunlight and some shade. Put rocks, water, and many plants in an open, dark-colored plastic tub. Place it in an area with direct sunlight. Put soil, water, many plants, and a few insects in a sealed, clear plastic aquarium. Place it in an area with indirect sunlight.
Answer:
Its D on edge 2021
Explanation:
Put soil, water, many plants, and a few insects in a sealed, clear plastic aquarium. Place it in an area with indirect sunlight.
An ecosystem must contain producers consumers decomposers and dead and inorganic matter.What is an ecosystem?An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life.Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts.Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organismsHence, D option is correct.
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Tryptophan is an amino acid necessary for
e. coli survival and growth.
e. coli contain genes coding for enzymes that synthesize tryptophan. these genes are grouped together on a segment of dna called the tryptophan (trp) operon. cells can use these enzymes to synthesize tryptophan when it is not present in the environment. however, when tryptophan is already present in the environment, cellular resources are shifted away from manufacturing the enzymes for tryptophan synthesis. tryptophan binds with and activates the trp repressor, which then binds to the trp promoter and blocks rna polymerase. blocking rna polymerase decreases the normal transcription rate of the operon. what type of regulation does the trp operon exhibit?
What is a secure chemical landfill? A. a landfill in an area of nonporous bedrock B. a biological treatment plant for liquid waste C. a landfill that is completely full and closed D. a guarded, fenced, and locked landfill
The correct answer is option A, that is, a landfill in the region of nonporous bedrock.
A permanent waste disposal facility where the wastes are put into the ground and covered with a layer of plastic, soil, or both is known a landfill. A secure chemical landfill refers to a landfill developed in the region of nonporous bedrock.
A secure chemical landfill is a prudently engineered depression in the ground or constructed on the top of the ground, signifying a football stadium into which wastes are dumped. The objective is to inhibit any water-related or hydraulic association between the surrounding environment and the wastes, mainly groundwater.
Answer:
a landfill in an area of nonporous bedrock
Explanation:
Create a sentence explaining how amino acids form proteins.
Sample answer: Amino acids are monomers that combine to form polymers called proteins.
Answer:
Within a protein, multiple amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds, thereby forming a long chain. Peptide bonds are formed by a biochemical reaction that extracts a water molecule as it joins the amino group of one amino acid to the carboxyl group of a neighboring amino acid.
Explanation:
A patient with a neurodegenerative disease shows degeneration of the ___________, making them more likely to forget a(n) _________________ event.
The parts of an organisms environment that are living or once living and interact with the organism are _____
Why does a tundra lack trees? A. the animals eat it to quickly B. the permafrost has no soil C. the permafrost ground prevents deep root growth D. the ground is a glacier
The correct answer is C. The permafrost ground prevents deep root growth
Explanation:
Tundra is a biome characterized by cold temperatures, low vegetations (grasses, shrubs, mosses), and a subsoil covered by permafrost, which refers to a subsoil that has a temperature lower than 0° C and may contain ice. This permafrost is responsible for the presence of low vegetation and the lack of high vegetation such as trees, this can be explained as the low temperature along with possible ice prevents deep root growth and this stops trees and similar plants from obtaining nutrients and therefore thrive. According to this, the reason tundra lack trees is that the permafrost ground prevents deep root growth.
which of the following is not considered an aspect of environmental health a) control of drinking water b) contral of hazardous chemicals c) control of sexually transmitted diseases d) control of public sanitation
The correct answer is option C
The control of sexually transmitted disease does not affects the environment in any manner. This can cause some disease in human disease but will not affect the environment.
The environmental health can be defined as the branch of biology that deals with the effect of human activities on environment.
So, controlling the sexually transmitted disease is not a matter of concern for the environmental health.
What are the types of light microscopes? What are their structures and functions?
a. Compound Light Microscope
b. Dissecting Microscope
What amino acid does the codon GAC code for ?
The amino acid codon GAC codes for Asx.
Final answer:
The codon GAC corresponds to the amino acid aspartic acid (Asp), and the mRNA sequence 5'-AUGCCACGAGUUGAC-3' translates to the amino acid sequence methionine-proline-arginine-valine-aspartic acid (Met-Pro-Arg-Val-Asp).
Explanation:
The codon GAC codes for the amino acid aspartic acid (Asp). When translating an mRNA sequence, it's important to read the sequence from the 5' end and consider that protein synthesis begins with the N-terminal amino acid. Given the mRNA sequence 5'-AUGCCACGAGUUGAC-3', this translates to the amino acid sequence methionine-proline-arginine-valine-aspartic acid (Met-Pro-Arg-Val-Asp).
It's worth noting that in the genetic code, each triplet of nucleotides, known as a codon, corresponds to a specific amino acid. While most amino acids are encoded by more than one codon, methionine and tryptophan are unique in that they are only encoded by one codon each. The codon AUG not only codes for methionine but also serves as the start signal for protein synthesis.
Patient presents with a suspicious lesion on her left arm. with the patient's permission the physician marked the area for excision. the margins and lesion measured a total of 0.9 cm. the wound measuring 1.2 cm was closed in layers using 4-0 monocryl and 5-0 prolene. pathology later reported the lesion to be a sebaceous cyst. what codes are reported?
The lesion on her left arm is coded as 11401-51 based on the location and size. In addition, the wound was closed in layers allowing for intermediary closure was coded as 12031 based also on location and size. Moreover, sebaceous cyst falls under 706.2 based in the ICD-9-CM Index.
Order the steps for vaccination. Pathogens enter the body and the body can remember the pathogen using memory cells, destroying the pathogen. A weakened or dead form of the pathogen is injected into the body. White blood cells produce antibodies that destroy the pathogen. The pathogen is not strong enough to cause disease but its presence in the body signals the body to protect itself against the pathogen.
Answer:
A vaccine is known to be the biological preparation that are known to provide acquired active immunity to a body against a particular disease. It consists of agents that is similar to disease causing microorganism, it is often made up of weakened, killed form of microbes or its toxin or its surface protein.
Vaccination is the treatment which makes body stronger against a particular disease. It helps body to fight against infection by making antibodies against pathogen.
The steps of vaccination are:
A weakened or dead form of the pathogen is injected into the body
↓
The pathogen is not strong enough to cause disease but its presence in the body signals the body to protect itself against the pathogen
↓
White blood cells produce antibodies that destroy the pathogen
↓
Pathogens enter the body and the body can remember the pathogen using memory cells, destroying the pathogen
Vaccination may be defined as a process through which a dead or inactivated form of a pathogen is injected into the body for the purpose of stimulating the immune system.
What do you mean by Pathogens?Pathogens may be defined as those microorganisms which are responsible for the causation of diseases.
The correct order of the steps for the vaccination is given below:
A weakened or dead form of the pathogen is injected into the body.The pathogen is not strong enough to cause disease but its presence in the body signals the body to protect itself against the pathogen.White blood cells produce antibodies that destroy the pathogen.Pathogens enter the body and the body can remember the pathogen using memory cells, destroying the pathogen. (Secondary infection).Therefore, it is well described above.
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An individual has a nutrient deficiency due to a poor diet and is missing a specific amino acid, how would this affect the ability of the cell to synthesize particular proteins?
If an individual is missing a specific amino acid due to a poor diet, it would affect the ability of the cell to synthesize particular proteins, including those in neurons.
Explanation:The individual's neurons would not be able to synthesize proteins. Free amino acids available for protein construction are said to reside in the amino acid pool within cells. Structures within cells use these amino acids when assembling proteins. If a particular essential amino acid is not available in sufficient quantities in the amino acid pool, however, synthesis of proteins containing it can slow or even cease.
Research indicates that preschoolers spend approximately ________ reading on the average day. 15 minutes ? hour 1 hour ? hour
The waste products of cellular respiration include ______.water and glucosewater onlycarbon dioxide onlyglucose onlywater and carbon dioxide
Cellular respiration produces water and carbon dioxide as its waste products. These are used in photosynthesis for the creation of energy.
Explanation:The waste products of cellular respiration include water and carbon dioxide. During this process, oxygen is used to metabolize, or break down, carbohydrates within the cytoplasm and mitochondria of a cell. The result of this process is the release of energy in the form of ATP, along with byproducts of water and carbon dioxide. This is a part of a larger biological cycle where these byproducts are then used in photosynthesis to create life-sustaining energy.
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How does the immune system work with other body systems to prevent and fight disease?
The immune system works in tandem with the rest of the body to prevent and fight any infections and diseases.
All the nucleated cells present in the body, that is all cells except the RBCs have on their surface major histocompatibility complex 1 (MHC 1). Whenever a cell is infected by a pathogen, the antigenic peptides that are synthesized in the cell are represented by MHC 1.
The peptides presented by MHC 1 are recognized by the T lymphocytes and an immune response is elicited.
The skin also acts as a physical barrier and prevents any infection.
The gastric acid secreted by the stomach also kills any pathogen that may have transmitted through food.
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Which allele combination represents a male who has an x-linked recessive disorder
Answer: A
Explanation: Brainly LOL
where did the carbon in living hings come
This is a description of a(n)
In photosynthesis, the electron that travels through the electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane comes from _____ . In cellular respiration, a molecule of _____ supplies the electron that travels through the electron transport chain.
1.
A. ATP
B. Carbon Dioxide
C. Water
D. NADH
2.
A. ATP
B. Carbon Dioxide
C. Water
D. NADH
1. OPTION C
2. OPTION D
In photosynthesis, the electron that travels through the electron transport chain comes from Water. In cellular respiration, the electron comes from NADH.
Explanation:In photosynthesis, the electron that travels through the electron transport chain in the thylakoid membrane comes from Water (C). This process happens in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where light energy is used to break down water molecules, releasing electrons in the process. These high-energy electrons then move through the electron transport chain, contributing to the production of NADPH and ATP, the energy carriers in photosynthesis.
On the other hand, in cellular respiration, a molecule of NADH (D) supplies the electron that travels through the electron transport chain. This process happens in the mitochondria of cells. NADH is an electron carrier produced in the Krebs Cycle, and donates its high-energy electrons to the electron transport chain, leading to the generation of ATP, the cell’s energy currency.
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Should food be genetically modified argument essay
Predict how the coleoptile will grow (or not grow) under each treatment by dragging the labels onto the table. labels may be used once, more than once, or not at all.
The question involves understanding experimental design in Biology, where row 2 of corn without fertilizer acts as the control group in a plant growth experiment.
Explanation:The subject of this question pertains to experimental design in Biology, specifically regarding plant growth experiments. When the scientist applies fertilizer to row 1 but not to row 2, with all other conditions being equal, row 2 serves as the control group.
This control is essential for understanding the effect of the fertilizer on plant growth. In experiments where different variables are tested on their effects on plant growth, such as light exposure, nutrition, or genetic factors, the control group provides a baseline for comparison. The control group's outcome is used to assess the impact of the independent variable being tested, which in the case of the scientist's experiment with corn, is the fertilizer.
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which stage of stat development comes right after the long stable phase in the life cycle
Which of the following best explains why cells remove waste?
To create energy
To form identical cells
To break down glucose
To maintain homeostasis
I did the test the answer is D.To Maintain Homeostasis