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DNA and RNA are both:
1. made up of nucleotides and carry molecules from one end of a cell to another
2. monomers of protein molecules that provide structure to a cell’s nuclear membrane
3. protein molecules that carry the unique genetic information of an organism
3. molecules that contain genetic information and are made up of nucleotides

The Coriolis effect bends the direction of surface currents to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and left in the Southern Hemisphere. The Coriolis effect causes winds and currents to form circular patterns. The direction that they spin depends on the hemisphere that they are in.

Final answer:

The curvature of global winds and surface currents is mainly due to the Coriolis effect, while unequal heating of Earth's surface and the shape of ocean basins also play a role.

Explanation:

The curved paths of global winds and surface currents are primarily caused by the Coriolis effect, which is due to the rotation of the Earth. This effect causes moving air and water to turn to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere, creating curved paths. In addition to the Coriolis effect, unequal heating of Earth's surface by the sun (more solar radiation at the equator than at the poles) and the shape of ocean basins also contribute to the patterns of surface currents. Together, these factors create distinct wind belts and cause the moving air and water to flow in specific directions.

Answer:

1. Richter

2. Moment

Explanation: Edge 2021

The Richter scale is best used to measure the strength of small, nearby earthquakes.

The moment magnitude scale is useful for measuring the strength of earthquakes of all sizes and at all distances from a seismograph.

The Richter scale is used in measuring the magnitude of an earthquake. It calculates the magnitude of the earthquake from the earthquake's amplitude. The scale then measures the largest amplitude that's on the recording.

Also, the moment magnitude scale is useful for measuring the strength of earthquakes of all sizes. It is based on the total moment release of the earthquake.

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Answer: A urban heat island is an urban area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer that it's surroundings rural areas due to human activities.

Explanation:

Answer:

An urbanized area that is warmer than surrounding areas due to lack of vegetation and green cover. They absorb more heat

Explanation:

Answer:

Antibiotics are strong medicines that treat bacterial infections.

Yes. It can be used to treat various form of illnesses

Explanation:

This step is called Carbon fixation.

Photosynthesis is a chemical pathway that’s integral to producing energy in plants and other primary producers. Energy in the form of molecules of glucose is produced from light, water and inorganic carbon dioxide while oxygen (from the light reaction) is released.

Further Explanation:

This occurs in several complex steps, photosynthesis is a rate limited reaction, depends on several factors including carbon dioxide concentration, ambient temperature and light intensity; the energy is retrieved from photons, I.e. particles of light, and water is used as a reducing agent. This begins in the thykaloids, where pigment molecules like chlorophyll reside. The chloroplast is a membrane-bound organelle found in plants. It contains several invaginations of a plasma membrane called the thylakoid membrane. This contains chlorophyll pigments, in stacks called granum, while the internal spaces of the organelle are called the lumen. Liquid surrounds the granum, forming the stroma.

Here, water is used as a reducing agent.

6CO2 + 6H20 + (energy) → C6H12O6 + 6O2

Carbon dioxide + water + energy= glucose + oxygen

Water supplies the chlorophyll in plant cell with replacement electrons for the ones removed from photosystem II. Additionally, water (H2O) split by light during photolysis into H+ and OH- acts as a source of oxygen along with functioning as a reducing agent; it reduces the molecule NADP to NADPH by providing H+ ions. NADP and NADPH are integral to the Calvin cycle where monosaccharides or sugars like glucose are produced after the modification of several molecules.

In the Calvin Cycle:

During the initial stage, three molecules of ribulose bisphosphate, RuBP are reduced and carbon is fixed from an inorganic CO2 to an organic form by the enzyme RuBisCO.  With every molecule of CO2 fixed, 2 molecules of 3-phosphoglyceric acid are produced. 3-PGA is a 3  carbon molecule with a phosphate attached.

This is called carbon fixation.

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The Calvin Cycle or light-independent reactions of photosynthesis is where organisms capture CO2 to convert into glucose. This is accomplished using the enzyme RuBisCO and energy carried by ATP and NADPH. After three cycles, a sugar molecule G3P leaves the cycle to become part of a carbohydrate molecule.

The step in photosynthesis where organisms capture CO2 to convert it into glucose is called the Calvin Cycle or light-independent reactions. During these reactions, an enzyme called RuBisCO fixes CO2 from the environment, combining it with an organic compound, RuBP. The resulting six-carbon compound is then broken down into two three-carbon compounds, and the energy in ATP and NADPH is used to convert these molecules into a type of sugar called G3P. After three cycles of the Calvin Cycle, one of the G3P molecules leaves to become part of a carbohydrate molecule such as glucose, while the remaining G3P molecules continue in the cycle to be formed back into RuBP to react with more CO2.

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Salt water is considered as hypertonic solution.

A solution will be hypertonic to a cell if its solute concentration is higher than that inside the cell, and the solutes cannot cross the membrane.

Hypertonic solutions have a higher concentration of dissolved particles than blood. An example of hypertonic IV solution is 3% Normal Saline (3% NaCl).

Hypertonic Saline is a prescription medicine used to treat the symptoms of electrolyte and fluid replenisher used as a source of water and electrolytes. Hypertonic Saline may be used alone or with other medications.

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Answer:

Incorporating radioactive nucleotide must be done to ensure DNA made is a laboratory is radioactive

Explanation:

Radioactive nucleotide are generally used in the detection of some specific nucleic acid series. These are the typically incorporated inside the DNA and RNA series for detection as well as analysis. These nucleotide involves radioactive phosphates, digoxygenin, biotin, fluorophores and enzymes. It was first used in 1935 by George de Hevesy. P32 and S35 labelled as the nucleic probes and now the phosphates is being in large use. Hydrogen can also be used in-situ hybridisation which gives greater resolution and less sensitive in long exposure.

Incorporating radioactive nucleotides

Answer: Whales have vestigial legs.  This suggests they ______.

ody ssey graded correct  C. descended from land animals

Explanation:

Yes. This ody ssey biology unit states that whales HAVE vestigial legs.

And that comparative embryology shows whales have leg buds which recede into the body before birth because scientists believe whales evolved more closely from land mammals and not fish.  *like human embryonic tails that grow into the coccyx/tailbone.

Answer:

C) diploid daughter cells

Explanation:

Meiosis can be described as a process of cell division in which the chromosome number is reduced to half of that of the parents. Four daughter cells are produced as a result of meiosis and these cells are haploid. Hence, option C, diploid daughter cells will not apply to meiosis.

Mitosis can be described as a process of cell division in which two new daughter cells are produced which are identical to the parent cells. The daughter cells are diploid. Hence, this description would be applied to mitosis.

Answer:

the answer is C

Explanation:

Explanation:

False: C) The ER provides separate microenvironments for each of the modifications that must take place to proteins.

The golgi apparatus comprised of several components called cisternae, these function as different microenvironments, where further modification proteins and lipids into functional biomolecules occurs.

During protein synthesis, transcription occurs in the nucleus, followed by translation within ribosomes, the newly synthesized proteins enter endoplasmic reticulum where they undergo folding and modification. Within the golgi body, the proteins are tagged and parceled into lysosomes for export.

Further Explanation:

The endoplasmic reticulum is a membrane system within the cytoplasm that extends from the outer nuclear membrane. Apart from increasing the surface area within the cell, this continuous system also carries out protein folding, synthesis and transport. In the endoplasmic reticulum or ER, some sections called the smooth ER, do not contain ribosomes, and may contain lipids, enzymes, and other proteins. Other sections bound to ribosomes, are called the rough Er. As a protein destined for the endomembrane system is being synthesized by a ribosome, the first amino acids in the growing polypeptide chain act as a signal sequence. That signal sequence ensures that the ribosome binds to the outer membrane of the ER and that the protein enters the ER lumen. The proteins undergo major modifications and are packed into vesicles.

Golgi bodies are flat, disk-like membranous regions. Proteins traverse the organelle by first having their vesicles bind to the cis face or receiving end. Like a post office, the golgi complex, or golgi body recognizes specific signal sequences, targets and further modifies and packages these compounds into lysosomes for delivery to their final destination.  Proteins here undergo peptide processing and glycosylation

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All the options are accurate descriptions of the endoplasmic reticulum, a key cellular organelle. They encompass its relationship with the nuclear envelope, its role in protein transport, its provision of separate microenvironments for protein modifications, and its multiple functions including protein folding and synthesis of lipids, steroids, and carbohydrates.

All the given statements accurately portray the role and structure of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), with no incorrect descriptions. Here's why - option A) explains that the ER is an extension of the nuclear envelope, which is correct. Option B) states that the ER serves as a transport network for proteins produced in its membrane, which aligns with the fact that the ER helps in the transport of proteins to their destination inside or outside the cell. Option C) highlights the role of ER in providing separate microenvironments, which reflects ER's role in facilitating different modifications to proteins in distinct regions. Finally, option D) describes the ER's functions including protein folding, lipid and steroid synthesis, carbohydrate metabolism and calcium storage, all of which are recognized functions of the ER.

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b) nitrogen-containing bases

Hope this helps!

The four types of nucleotides that make up DNA are named for their nitrogen-containing bases. So, the correct option is B.

Nucleotides are defined as organic molecules consisting of nucleosides and phosphates that serve as monomeric units of nucleic acid polymers – deoxyribonucleic acid and ribonucleic acid, both of which are essential biomolecules within all life-forms on Earth.

A nucleotide is made up of a sugar that is found in DNA, deoxyribose, a phosphate group and one of the four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G) or cytosine (C). The C and T bases, which have only one ring, are called pyrimidines, while the A and G bases, which have two rings, are called purines.

Thus, the four types of nucleotides that make up DNA are named for their nitrogen-containing bases. So, the correct option is B.

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Others pinpoint 1637 as the true origin of Thanksgiving, owing to the fact Massachusetts colony governor John Winthrop declared a day of thanks-giving to celebrate colonial soldiers who had just slaughtered 700 Pequot men, women, and children in what is now Mystic, Connecticut.

The famous first Thanksgiving took place in 1621 and involved the Pilgrims, Indians, and a feast. The Pilgrims faced challenges upon arriving in an unknown land but built trust with the indigenous people.

The famous "first" Thanksgiving took place in September or October, 1621. The Pilgrims had killed a large number of ducks and geese and Massasoit arrived with about one hundred Indians who later killed five deer to add to the feast. The participants ate with their fingers and sprawled on the ground as they consumed the feast. There was no pumpkin pie or cranberry sauce, and no eating utensils except knives.

William Bradford's narrative recounts the challenges faced by the Pilgrims when they arrived in an unknown land. They faced harsh winters and dangerous storms. However, they formed a relationship with the indigenous people, including Squanto, who proved trustworthy and helpful.

Answer:

B!

Explanation:

Answer:

horse latitudes (B) hope this helps

Answer:

Option B

Explanation:

Doldrums are located some 5 degrees away from north while horse latitude is located some thirty degrees away from north latitude and by same degrees from the southern hemisphere. Polar eastariles are cold winds blowing across the Polar Regions and jet stream is fast blowing winds.  

Horse latitude is silent winds and the region has high pressure and very little precipitation.  

Hence, option B is correct

Answer:

A. Leukocytes

Explanation:

One way to easily remember is to know the prefix and suffix of the word.

Leuko-white

Cyto-cell

Together (Leukocyte) they mean "white cell"

Answer:

A) Leukocytes

Explanation: Leukocytes are found in lots of different places, including an organ in your stomach that filters blood that helps fight infections known as the Spleen.

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Answer:

Each phospholipid is made up of 2 fatty acid molecules, a phosphate group and a molecule of glycerol.

The fatty acid molecules are formed by long chains of carbon and hydrogen.The phosphate group is formed by an atom of the element phosphors which is attached to four oxygen atoms. The fatty acids make the tail and are hydrophobic. The phosphate group makes the head.

Due to their structure, phospholipids are best suited to make the cell membrane in organisms.

Final answer:

Each phospholipid molecule is composed of a hydrophilic head, which includes a phosphate group attached to a glycerol molecule, and two hydrophobic tails, which are the long hydrocarbon chains of fatty acids. These molecules are essential for forming the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer, crucial for the cell's structure and function.

Explanation:

Composition of Phospholipids

Each phospholipid is a crucial component of cell membranes, consisting of a polar, phosphate-containing hydrophilic head and two nonpolar, long-chain hydrophobic tails. The hydrophilic head group is attached to a glycerol molecule. This configuration is essential for the formation of the cell membrane's phospholipid bilayer, where the hydrophilic heads face outward towards the aqueous environment, and the hydrophobic tails face inward, away from water. The glycerol backbone serves as the anchor for both the hydrophilic head, which includes the phosphate group, and the hydrophobic tails, which are composed of either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids. These fatty acid chains are long hydrocarbon chains that contribute to the phospholipid's insolubility in water.

Answer:

The starving child is least likely to be concerned about potential long-term side  effects of genetically modified (GM) food

Explanation:

The GM food are prepared by isolating the strands of DNA using various methods  genetic engineering. A smaller defect in the strand can even become risk to life. Which first affects the starving children, various cases has been noted in the same reason. Proper testing should be done before the introduction. Testing should be done with respect to the toxicity, allergenicity, and possible transfer of the gene in the human or can also be said as the genetic out-crossing to other organism.  

I kept a record of the sources with the extracted information. I have the links if you would like them.

Hydro-international article: Benthos, Inc.

Benthos was founded by Samuel O. Raymond.  

He created an innovative company in marine technology which has positively impacted the field for over four decades.

It manufactures a variety of oceanographic equipment, including flotation devices; hydrophones for locating mining sites, tracking boats, and research for marine biology; and modems, which are used to communicate information wirelessly underwater.

For much of the company's lifetime, it supplied underwater equipment to the military, the government, and for research.

Smithsonian Magazine: 14 fun facts about marine bristle worms

Polychaete worms are a diverse class of animals with at least 10,000 species.  

They are characterized by a head and a tail, and a pair of bristled "legs", called parapodia, for each segment of their body. They are typically bioluminescent, meaning they have the natural ability to glow.

Due to their effective adaptation, they can live in any marine habitat (including coral reefs, hydrothermal vents, or simply out in the open ocean) and have survived the five mass extinctions since 500 million years ago.

National Ocean Service: What is a bivalve mollusk?

Bivalves are mollusks with a two-part hinged shell to cover a soft invertebrate. They breathe and eat using gills.

Their organ, the mantle, produces calcium carbonate which causes the shell to grow with the organism.

They have important roles of being prey for predators, filtering water, and acting as a habitat in aquatic ecosystems.

These mollusks can live in any of the five oceans, whether it be the frozen Arctic or the hydrothermal vents in the Pacific.

There are over 9000 species.

Marine Education Society of Australasia: Echinoderms

Echinoderms are characterized by radial symmetry, having multiple of five arms, a calcium carbonate shell, and an outer layer of skin that maintains the skeleton.

They are found on the sea floor and include starfish, sea cucumbers and sea urchins.

They have the ability to hunt prey larger than their mouths due to their ability to eat from their stomachs. They detect food through a senstitivty to chemicals, although they lack any brains.

There are over 7000 species.

Thoughtco: Sea Squirts

Sea Squirts, scientifically tunicates or ascidans, are a class in the animal kingdom with over 2000 species.

They were given this name for their ability to contract and squirt water.  

They do this using the inhalant and exhalant siphons, which are also used for eating and excreting waste.

They live in subtidal locations while attached to shells, rocks, piers and boat hulls.

Sea Squirts may live in colonies or individually. Colonies are created when they reproduce by budding, or when a new animal grows off of the original.

National Geographic.com: Sea Anemones

Sea anemones are an invertebrate which have stinging and venom-filled tentacles, called polyps, to hunt passing fish.

They tentacles surround a central mouth and inject a paralyzing substance into its prey, before guiding them into the mouth.

Apart from hunting, they also eat leftovers from clownfish, who are immune to the anemone because they are covered with a mucus and live within the polyps.

They live attached to rocks on the seafloor and coral reefs, usually in tropical waters.

There are over 1000 species.

Conclusions or Summary:

The marine technology company Benthos led to the discovery or further information about these animals because it provided equipment to researchers.

All of these organisms are animals and diverse with thousands of species in each of these common names.

They are adaptive and can generally live and thrive in a variety of habitats, whether the difference be in surface material or climate.

Answer:

they use to live

Explanation:

As they breath out carbon dioxide the plants take in the carbon dioxide and make air with it. Animals also use air to do their day to day things like eat.

Answer:

As the question is incomplete, lets try to understand sustainable cooking generally.

Explanation:

Sustainable cooking is a method by which we prepare our food and how affects our health and environment. A lot of the food we prepare is unnecessary and it goes to waste. Simple changes in our food cooking manner can help conserve food and provide food to the people in need. For instance, limiting the amount of heat that we use during preparing meals. Usually, we waster a lot of energy in the form of heat during food making.

Answer:The elbow joint is a complex hinge joint formed between the distal end of the humerus in the upper arm and the proximal ends of the ulna and radius in the forearm. The elbow allows for the flexion and extension of the forearm relative to the upper arm, as well as rotation of the forearm and wrist.

Explanation:

Answer:

Symptoms include fatigue, stomach upset, dehydration, and skin changes.

Explanation:

Stress, infection and changes in your blood's fluid and electrolyte balance can also influence hormone levels.

Endoplasmic reticulum with attached ribosomes is called rough ER. It looks bumpy under a microscope. The attached ribosomes make proteins that will be used inside the cell and proteins made for export out of the cell.

Answer:

Every organism possesses in its ribosome a protein that is similar to rpl4. This protein has an amino acid sequence that is similar to the sequence of E. coli’s rpl4.

Explanation:

Phylogenetic tree is a diagram which represents the similarities between different organisms and shows their evolutionary histories.

The presence of a similar genetic sequence or amino acid sequence shows that the gene is common in all those organisms. This means that all organisms had a common ancestor through which the gene or amino acid was transferred. The genetic r amino acid sequence remained common in all the different organisms.

The question discusses the concept of homologous structures, which are similarities in anatomy across different species pointing to a common ancestor. This evidence supports the theory of evolution through common descent, indicating that species evolve divergently from a shared origin.

By examining the fin of a primitive fish and noticing similarities in bone structure to modern day reptiles, birds, and mammals, scientists are observing homologous structures. Homologous structures are examples of an anatomical similarity that results from organisms sharing a common ancestor. This type of evidence points towards the evolutionary theory that suggests modern species share a common ancestor. Over time, this ancestral lineage diverged through evolutionary changes, leading to the variety of species we see today. These structures have evolved in different ways to suit the needs of different species but retain an underlying structural similarity that hints at their shared origins.

Homologous structures are not limited to the skeletal system; they can also include other anatomical features that demonstrate a common ancestry. The presence of these structures across different species provides a compelling argument for the concept of evolution through common descent, showcasing how evolutionary pressures and environmental changes have sculpted various forms from an ancestral blueprint.

Answer:

In an ecosystem, sheep are grazing animals that eat grass and clovers. This interaction is called  herbivory . Sheep serve as food for bears. This interaction is called  predation .

Explanation:

Sheep are grazing animals that eat grass and clovers. This interaction is  called herbivore and when sheep serve as food for bears such interaction is called predation.  

Primary consumers in the food cycle refers to an animal (here, sheep) that gets its energy from eating only plants and vegetation (autotrophs). Such interaction is called as herbivore.

Secondary consumers in the food cycle refers to an animal (here, bear) that predate on primary consumers (here, sheep) and this interaction is called as predation.

Thus, from above the interactions,  herbivore and the predation are correct options in this question.

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After a volcanic eruption, the order of succession in the re-population of the area is Lichens → grasses → shrubs → trees.

The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time is known as ecological succession. Lichens are considered a self-sustained miniature ecosystem of themselves.They can grow themselves in any condition.

After lichen, grasses can be grown and, then shrubs and trees. This is referred to as the treeless regions found in the Arctic region and it is characterized by the presence of a windy and cold climatic system which doesn't favor the growth of tall plants.

Perma frost on the other hand is referred to as a permanently frozen layer on or under Earth's surface and it establishment of tree due to the soil not being suited for a long and deep pattern of root system.

Therefore, After a volcanic eruption, the order of succession in the re-population of the area is Lichens → grasses → shrubs → trees.

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Lichens and mosses are pioneer species that help make the environment suitable for subsequent plant growth by breaking down rock into soil and enriching the soil with nutrients, such as nitrogen, through their symbiotic relationships with cyanobacteria.

These organisms are known for being the first to colonize areas of bare rock or soil after an event that leaves an area barren. Lichens, which are symbiotic associations between a fungus and a photosynthetic partner like algae or cyanobacteria, are capable of leaching nutrients from substrates and helping in soil formation. Similarly, mosses establish relationships with nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, contributing nitrogen to the soil, making it more hospitable for subsequent plant growth including grasses and shrubs.

Answer:its a full moon and more light from the sun is bouncing off the moon.

Explanation:

I got no expert explanation though