Homework 7 Adaptive Follow-Up Problem 25.68 Item 4 Constants A cylindrical copper cable 3.30 km long is connected across a 220.0-V potential difference. Part A What should be its diameter so that it produces heat at a rate of 50.0 W ? Express your answer with the appropriate units. TemplatesSymbols undoredoresetkeyboard shortcutshelp D = nothing nothing Request Answer Part B What is the electric field inside the cable under these conditions? Express your answer with the appropriate units. TemplatesSymbols undoredoresetkeyboard shortcutshelp E = nothing nothing Request Answer Provide Feedback

Answer:

23785m

Explanation:

V= 4780/9.9= 482.8km/h

d= v²/g = 482.8²/9.8= 23785m

Answer:

l = l0 ( 1 - u^2/v^2) ^0.5

Explanation:

This is the equation of lenght contraction of special relativity

Answer:

3.6 N

Explanation:

E=F/q

so

F=qxE

F= 9x10^-5x4x10^4

F= 3.6 N

Answer:

31,360J

Explanation:

Gravitation potential energy (gpe) is calculated from the formula mgh.

That implies, gpe = mgh

Therefore substituting the values of m and h as given in the question, knowing in mine that the acceleration due to gravity( g) is 9.8 N/kg, will give 31,360J

Never forget to put your SI units, because even if your answer is numerical correct, it will be incorrect because it represents no physical quantity.

The gravitational potential energy of the skier at the top of the slope, calculated using the formula PE = mgh, is 31,360 joules.

To find the gravitational potential energy of the skier, we use the formula PE = mgh, where PE is the potential energy, m is the mass, g is the acceleration because of gravity, and h is the height. The acceleration because gravity is 9.8 m/s².

So, we substitute these values into the formula:

PE = (80 kg) × (9.8 m/s²) × (40 m) = 31,360 joules.

Therefore, the gravitational potential energy of the skier before she skips down the slope is 31,360 joules.

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Answer:

A.True

B. True

C False

D. False

E. True

Explanation:

Answer:

B) A person on the moving Earth observing the light from a distant star

Explanation:

The aberration of starlight is a phenomenon in Astronomy used to describe the 'seeming' or apparent movement of a star around its true position. This seeming' or apparent movement of a star is caused by and dependent on the velocity of the observer. The movement of the observer relative to the star creates the notion that the star is moving. However, in reality, the star is static.  The star is not moving, what is really moving is the observer; this movement of the observer is what makes it seem that the star was moving. It is not an optical illusion, although, the effect seems close enough.

For example, in the analogy given:

A car moving in the rain or under the rainfall

The car is the one moving in the same way that the Earth is the one revolving. The rainfall drops vertically in the same way that the starlight is static. The movement of the car relative to the rainfall is what makes it seem that the rain is falling 'diagonally'. The same visual analogy is observe when a person on the moving Earth observing the light from a distant star

Hence, the correct option is B

Answer:

1) μ = 1.33 10⁻³ kg / m , F = - 14,256 ,  2) v= 103.53 m/s, 3)  f = 138.04 Hz , 4)  1, 25, 50, 76, 101   , 5) A = 0.00869 m , 6)  # _position = (# _account-1) (1.5m / 100 accounts)

Explanation:

1) Linear density is the mass per unit length

     μ = m / L

     μ = 2 1 10⁻³ / 1,5

     μ = 1.33 10⁻³ kg / m

this is the density when the chain is stretched, which is when the pulse occurs

we can find the tension with

     F = - k (x₁-x₀)

where k is the spring constant

     F = - 28.8 (1.5 -1.005)

     F = - 14.256 N

the negative sign indicates that the force is restorative

2) the pulse speed is

      v = √ T /μ

      v = √ 14,256 / 1,33 10⁻³

      v = 103.53 m / s

3) If standing waves are formed with fixed points at the ends and 4 antinodes, the wavelength is

          2 λ = L

            λ = L / 2

wave speed is related to frequency and wavelength

           v = λ f

            f = v / λ

            f = v 2 / L

            f = 103.53 2 / 1.5

            f = 138.04 Hz

4) The marbles are numbered, the marbles that remain motionless are

   the first (1) and the last (101)

Let's look for the distance to each node, for this we must observe that in each wavelength there is a node at the beginning, one in the center and one at the end, therefore the nodes are in

         #_node = m λ / 2 = m L / 4

        #_node     position (m)

         1                  1.5 / 4 = 0.375

         2             2 1.5 / 4 = 0.75

         3             3 1.5 / 4 = 1,125

Since there are 101 marbles in the initial length, this number does not change with increasing length, so there is 101 marble in 1.5 m. Let's find with a direct proportion rule the number of marbles at these points with nodes

        #_canica = 0.375 m (101 marble / 1.5 m) 0.375 67.33

        # _canica = 25

        #_canica = 0.75 67.33

        #_canica = 50

        # _canica = 1,125 67.33

        #canica = 75.7 = 76

in short the number of the fixed marbles is

      1, 25, 50, 76, 101 canic

5) The movement of the account is oscillatory at this point, which is why it is described by

          y = A cos wt

          [tex]v_{y}[/tex]= -A w sin wt

the speed is maximum for when the breast is worth ±1

          v_{y} = Aw

           A = v_{y} / w

angular velocity related to frequency

         w = 2π f

          A = v_{y} / 2πf

          A = 7.54 / (2π 138.04)

          A = 0.00869 m

6) for the position of each account we can use a direct proportion rule

      in total there are 100 accounts distributed in the 1.50 m distance, the #_account is in the # _position. Note that it starts to be numbered 1, so this number must be subtracted from the index of the amount

       # _position = (# _account-1) (1.5m / 100 accounts)

#_canic position(m)

   1          0

   2         0.015

   3         0.045

   4         0.06

7) the wave has a constant velocity, but every wave is oscillated perpendicular to this velocity, with an oscillatory movement described by the expression

         y = Acos wt

the maximum speed is

         [tex]v_{y}[/tex] = -Aw sin wt

speed is maximum when the sine is ±1

         v_{y} = A w

to calculate the amplitude of the count we use that for a standing wave

         y = 2Asin kx

          y / A = 2 sin (2π /λ x)

the wavelength is

 λ = 0.75 m

the position is

x (30) = 29 1.5 / 100 = 0.435  m

          y (30) A = 2 sin (2pi 0.435 / 0.75)

          y (30) / A = 0.96 m

Answer:

33.1 degrees celcius

Explanation:

Look up attached file

The equilibrium temperature of the train’s top cannot be calculated without the specific heat transfer due to convection. The Stefan-Boltzmann law allows us to calculate heat transfer from radiation but not convection.

The key to solving this problem is the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation, which describes the rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation. In brief, P = σeAT⁴, where σ = 5.67 × 10⁻⁸ J/s.m².K⁴ is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant, e is the emissivity of the body, A is the surface area of the object, and T is its temperature in Kelvins.

Given that the top surface of the car absorbs solar radiation at a rate of 200 W/m² and its dimensions, we can calculate the area of the surface. The surface, if deemed perfectly insulated, only loses heat through convection, not radiation. However, the amount of heat transfer due to convection is not provided in the question, making it impossible to calculate the exact equilibrium temperature of the top surface of the car.

The net rate of heat transfer takes into account both the temperature of the object and the temperature of its surroundings. If T₁ represents the temperature of the surface to be investigated, and T₂ the ambient temperature, without the value of heat lost through convection, we cannot calculate T₁. Therefore, more information would be required to answer your question fully.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Given that a coil has a turns of

N = 110 turns

And the flux is given as function of t

ΦB = 9.75 ✕ 10^-3 sin(ωt),

Given that, at an instant the angular velocity is 8.70 ✕ 10² rev/min

ω = 8.70 ✕ 10² rev/min

Converting this to rad/sec

1 rev = 2πrad

Then,

ω = 8.7 × 10² × 2π / 60

ω = 91.11 rad/s

Now, we want to find the induced EMF as a function of time

EMF is given as

ε = —NdΦB/dt

ΦB = 9.75 ✕ 10^-3 sin(ωt),

dΦB/dt = 9.75 × 10^-3•ω Cos(ωt)

So,

ε = —NdΦB/dt

ε = —110 × 9.75 × 10^-3•ω Cos(ωt)

Since ω = 91.11 rad/s

ε = —110 × 9.75 × 10^-3 ×91.11 Cos(91.11t)

ε = —97.71 Cos(91.11t)

The EMF as a function of time is

ε = —97.71 Cos(91.11t)

Extra

The maximum EMF will be when Cos(91.11t) = -1

Then, maximum emf = 97.71V

Answer:

B(2 pi r) = uo i = uo (J pi r^2)

Magnetic field, B = μo Jr/2

Explanation:

The magnitude of the magnetic field inside the wire at a distance r1 < R inside the wire is;

B = ½μ_o × Jr

We want to find the magnitude of the magnetic field inside the wire at a distance r1 < R.

The formula for Magnetic field at a distance r located inside a conductor of radius R is given by Ampere's circuital law as;

B × 2πr = μ_o × Jπr²

Where;

B is magnitude of magnetic field

μ_o is a constant known as magnetic permeability

J is current density

Thus;

B × 2πr = μ_o × Jπr²

πr will cancel out from both sides to give;

2B = μ_o × Jr

B = ½μ_o × Jr

Thus, in conclusion them magnitude of the magnetic field is ½μ_o × Jr

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Answer:

Please see the attached picture for the answer.

Explanation:

Final answer:

Einstein's Gedanken experiments reveal the constant speed of light and challenge intuitive notions of time and simultaneity in special relativity. In Albert's reference frame and an outside observer's frame, light beams travel at the same speed, but the perception of simultaneity can differ due to relativistic effects.

Explanation:

Gedanken Experiments and Einstein's Theory of Relativity

Albert Einstein used Gedanken's experiments to explore the implications of relativity on the concepts of time and simultaneity. These thought experiments challenged intuitive notions by demonstrating how the speed of light remains constant in all frames of reference, a cornerstone of special relativity. Let's address the student's questions based on this principle:

Part A: In both Albert's frame of reference and your frame of reference, the beams of light travel at the same speed since the speed of light is constant regardless of the observer's motion relative to the source.

Part B: Albert sees both beams of light strike the ends of the freight car simultaneously. However, due to relativistic effects, a stationary observer might see the light traveling in the direction of the freight car's motion strike first.

Part C: Both in Albert's and your frame of reference, the light strikes the ceiling and floor simultaneously because there is no relative motion along the direction of the light beams' propagation.

Part D: In Albert's frame of reference, both lasers strike him simultaneously. For a stationary observer, depending on the direction of the freight car's motion, one assassin may seem to fire before the other due to relativistic effects.

Einstein's ingenious analytical methods demonstrated through Gedanken experiments, led to the conclusion that many seemingly obvious predictions must be reconsidered when dealing with the postulates of relativity, which have been confirmed through meticulous experimentation.

Answer:

The change in momentum for average force is: Δ[tex]P_{average force} = F_{avg}[/tex]Δt and it is calculated below.

For thick and thin spring, the %difference between change in momentum for average force and change in momentum for velocities is; 178.27% and 159.72% respectively

Explanation:

The average force applied to an object can be calculated by multiplying the average net external force by the time interval over which the force acts. The change in momentum can be calculated using the average force, as well as the change in velocity. The percentage difference between the two values can be found by dividing the difference by the change in momentum using the change in velocity and then multiplying by 100.

The average force applied to an object can be calculated using the average net external force multiplied by the time interval over which the force acts. This relationship is known as the impulse-momentum theorem, which states that the change in momentum is equal to the impulse. Impulse is the product of the average force and the time interval.

To calculate the change in momentum of an object using the average force, you can multiply the average force by the duration the force is applied. This will give you the change in momentum caused by the force. You can then calculate the change in momentum using the change in velocity by multiplying the mass of the object by the change in velocity. Finally, you can find the percentage difference between the two values by dividing the difference between the two values by the change in momentum using the change in velocity and then multiplying by 100.

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Answer:

10

Explanation:

v=f×lander

20=f2

f=10

Answer:

Explanation:

Given that,

Number of turns

N = 43 turns

Dimensions of rectangle

Length L = 10cm = 0.1m

Width W = 5cm = 0.05

Then, area of rectangle

A = L×W = 0.1 × 0.05 = 0.005m²

Initial magnetic field

Bi = 0T

Final magnetic field

Bf = 0.5T

The displacement time

∆t = 0.431s

Induce emf ε?

EMF is given as

ε = —NdΦ/dt

Where magnetic flux

Φ = BA

Note A is constant

Then,

ε = —NdΦ/dt = —Nd(BA)/dt

ε = —N•A•dB/dt

ε = —N•A•(∆B/∆t)

ε = —N•A•(Bf - Bi) / (∆t)

ε = —43 × 0.005 × (0.5 - 0) /0.431

ε = —43 × 0.005 × 0.5 /0.431

ε = —0.249 V

The average induced EMF is 0.249V

Answer:

a) 351351.35m/s

b) 1.044*10^{-8}kg/C

Explanation:

a) Electric force and magnetic force over the charge must have the same magnitude. From there we can compute the seep of the charge.

[tex]F_E=F_B\\\\qE=qvB\\\\v=\frac{E}{B}=\frac{1.95*10^{5}V/m}{0.555T}=351351.35\frac{m}{s}[/tex]

b) the mass-charge ratio is given by:

[tex]\frac{m}{q}=\frac{rB}{v}=\frac{(6.61*10^{-3}m)(0.555T)}{351351.35m/s}=1.044*10^{-8}\frac{kg}{C}[/tex]

hope this helps!!

Answer:

a) = 6.23eV

b) = 0eV

c) = 6.23V

d) = 304.12nm

Explanation:

λ = 199nm

E = 4.08eV = Φ

hf = K(max) + Φ

Φ = work function of the target material

hf = photon energy

K(max) = k.e of the metal

K(max) = [(6.626*10⁻³⁴) * (3.0*10⁸)] / 199*10⁻⁹

K(max) = 9.99*10⁻¹⁹J

1.602*10⁻¹⁹J = 1eV

9.99*10⁻¹⁹ = 6.23eV

K(max) = 6.23eV

b). The slowest moving electron has a kinetic energy of zero

c). The stopping potential is the potential difference required to stop the fastest electron.

eV = K(max)

V = K(max) / e

V = 6.23eV / e

V = 6.23V

d)

The cut- off wavelength occurs when the maximum K.E is zero.

Φ = hc / λ

λ₀ = hc / Φ

λ₀ = (6.626*10⁻³⁴ * 3.0*10⁸) / (4.08 * 1.602*10⁻¹⁹)

λ₀ = 1.9878*10⁻²⁵ / 6.5361*10⁻¹⁹

λ₀ = 3.04*10⁻⁷m

λ₀ = 304.12nm

Answer:

Explanation:

For pendulum , time period is

T = 2π √ l / g

T² = 4π² l/ g

l = / g T² / 4π²

= 9.8 x 5² / 4π²

= 6.21 m

Angular impulse = Torque x time

= 30 x 6.21 x .3 = increase in angular momentum

30 x 6.21 x .3 = I ω ; I is moment of inertia and ω is angular velocity .

I ω = 55.89

I = 1/3 m l²

= 1/3 x 5 x 6.21²

= 64.27

Angular kinetic energy = 1/2 I ω²

= 1/2(I ω)²/ I

= .5x 55.89²/ 64.27

= 24.30 J

Due to it , the centre of mass of pendulum increases by height h so that

h = l/2 ( 1 - cos θ )

1/2 I ω² = mg l/2 ( 1 - cos θ)

24.3 = 5 x 9.8 x 3.1 ( 1 - cos θ)

( 1 - cos θ) = .16

cos θ = .84

θ  = 33 degree.

The length of the pendulum is about 6.25m and the maximum angle of displacement would occur when the pendulum is kicked with the maximum force of 30N.

The length of a pendulum is determined by the formula T=2π√(L/g). Given that the period T is 5.0 seconds and g (acceleration due to gravity) is 9.8 m/s², we can rearrange the equation to solve for L (length), resulting in L = (T² * g) / (4π²) = (5.0)² * 9.8 / (4π²) ≈ 6.25m. This regard to the maximum angle of displacement, when a pendulum is in simple harmonic motion, which is typically for displacements less than 15 degrees, the displacement is directly proportional to its force. Therefore, the maximum angle would occur when the force is the greatest, in this case, when the student kicks the pendulum with a force of 30 N.

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The ventriloquist uses the perceptual principle known as the McGurk Effect to create the illusion that words are coming from their dummy's mouth. This involves syncing their speech with the movements of the dummy's mouth and mastering aspects of speech production. We perceive the words to be coming from the dummy due to the combined audiovisual cues.

A ventriloquist convinces us that words are coming from their dummy's mouth by making use of the perceptual principle known as the McGurk Effect. This audiovisual speech perception demonstrates that we don't just hear speech but also 'see' it. The ventriloquist creates the illusion by carefully syncing the opening and closing of the dummy's mouth with their own speech. This overlaid speech and vision information persuades us to perceive the sound as coming from the dummy.

Human speech itself is produced by shaping the cavity formed by the throat and mouth, the vibration of vocal cords, and using the tongue to adjust the fundamental frequency and combination of those sounds. Thus, excellent ventriloquists master these aspects of speech production without visibly moving their own mouth or lips, reinforcing the illusion.

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Answer:

A) speed = 3144287.425 m/s

B) period = 8.57x10^-8 s

C) KE = 3.302x10^-14 J

D) potential difference = 103187.5 V

Explanation:

Detailed explanation and calculation is shown in the image below.

The increase in potential energy of the spring when compressed a distance of 0.062m from its unstretched position, with a spring constant of 87600N/m, is approximately 0.168 kJ.

The increase in potential energy of the spring can be calculated using the formula U = ½kx². In this problem, k is the spring constant which is 87,600 N/m and x is the displacement of the leaf spring when it is compressed, which is 0.062 m. Plugging in these values, we get U = ½ * (87,600 N/m) * (0.062 m)² = 167.5424 Joules. This value is in Joules, so to convert it to kilojoules (kJ), we divide by 1000. So, the increase in potential energy of the spring is approximately 0.168 kJ.

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The potential at x = 1.0 m in the given uniform electric field, with the given parameters, would be 400 V.

The subject question pertains to the concept of electric potential in a uniform electric field. The potential difference, V, in an uniform electric field is given by the equation V = Ed, where E is the field strength and d is the distance. Given an electric field strength, E, of 650 N/C and a potential, V, at x = 3.0 m of 1 700 V, we seek the potential at x = 1.0m. Since the electric field is uniform, we know that the change in potential is linear with distance. Because the distance decreases by 2 meters (from x = 3.0 m to x = 1.0 m), the potential will decrease by E*2, which is 650 N/C * 2 m = 1300 V. So, the potential at x = 1.0 m is 1 700 V - 1 300 V = 400 V.

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To find the electric potential at x = 1.0 m in a uniform electric field directed along the x-axis, subtract the potential difference due to the field over the distance moved from the initial potential; the answer is 400 V.

The question is asking to calculate the electric potential at a certain point given a uniform electric field and an initial electric potential at a different point. To find the potential at x = 1.0 m, we can use the relationship between electric field (E), electric potential (V), and distance (d), with the following formula: V = V_0 - E * d, where V is the potential at the point of interest, V_0 is the initial potential, E is the electric field strength, and d is the distance between the points.

Gor the given electric field of 650 N/C directed parallel to the positive x-axis, and with the potential at x = 3.0 m being 1700 V, the potential difference \\Delta V caused by moving from x = 3.0 m to x = 1.0 m can be calculated by multiplying the electric field strength by the distance over which the field is applied, which is 2.0 m (3.0 m - 1.0 m). Hence, \\Delta V = E * d = 650 N/C * 2.0 m = 1300 V.

Therefore, the potential at x = 1.0 m is V = 1700 V - 1300 V = 400 V.

Answer:

Explanation:

the picture attached shows the whole explanation

Answer:

Their final velocity is 0.122m/s

Explanation:

Using the law of conservation of momentum which states that the sum of momentum of bodies before collision is equal to the sum of their momentum after collision. The bodies move with a common velocity after collision.

Momentum = mass × velocity

BEFORE COLLISION

momentum of the first train

= 1.5×10^5 × 0.3

= 0.45×10^5kgm/s

Momentum of second train

= 1.1×10^5 × (-0.12) (velocity is negative since the body is moving towards the left)

= -0.132 × 10^5kgm/s

AFTER COLLISION

Momentum of both bodies is given as:

(1.5×10^5+1.1×10^5)V

= 2.6×10^5V

V is their common velocity

According to the law:

0.45×10^5+(-0.132×10^5) =2.6×10^5V

0.45×10^5 - 0.132×10^5 = 2.6×10^5V

0.318×10^5 = 2.6×10^5V

0.318 = 2.6V

V = 0.318/2.6

V = 0.122m/s

Answer:

[tex]E=3.5(8.98*10^{6}x-2.69*10^{15}t)[/tex]

[tex]B=1.17*10^{-8}(8.98*10^{6}x-2.69*10^{15}t)[/tex]

Explanation:

The electric field equation of a electromagnetic wave is given by:

[tex]E=E_{max}(kx-\omega t)[/tex] (1)

We know that the wave length is λ = 700 nm and the peak electric field magnitude of 3.5 V/m, this value is correspond a E(max).

By definition:

[tex]k=\frac{2\pi}{\lambda}[/tex]            

[tex]k=8.98*10^{6} [rad/m][/tex]      

And the relation between λ and f is:                

[tex]c=\lambda f[/tex]

[tex]f=\frac{c}{\lambda}[/tex]

[tex]f=\frac{3*10^{8}}{700*10^{-9}}[/tex]

[tex]f=4.28*10^{14}[/tex]

The angular frequency equation is:

[tex]\omega=2\pi f[/tex]

[tex]\omega=2\pi*4.28*10^{14}[/tex]

[tex]\omega=2.69*10^{15} [rad/s][/tex]

Therefore, the E equation, suing (1), will be:

[tex]E=3.5(8.98*10^{6}x-2.69*10^{15}t)[/tex] (2)

For the magnetic field we have the next equation:

[tex]B=B_{max}(kx-\omega t)[/tex] (3)

It is the same as E. Here we just need to find B(max).

We can use this equation:

[tex]E_{max}=cB_{max}[/tex]

[tex]B_{max}=\frac{E_{max}}{c}=\frac{3.5}{3*10^{8}}[/tex]

[tex]B_{max}=1.17*10^{-8}T[/tex]

Putting this in (3), finally we will have:

[tex]B=1.17*10^{-8}(8.98*10^{6}x-2.69*10^{15}t)[/tex] (4)

I hope it helps you!

Final answer:

To find the equations of the fields for an electromagnetic wave in the red spectrum with given parameters, calculate the frequency using the speed of light and wavelength, then apply it to the sinusoidal equations representing the electric and magnetic fields.

Explanation:

To determine the equations for the electric and magnetic fields (E and B, respectively) of an electromagnetic wave in the visible red spectrum with a wavelength (λ) of 700 nm and a peak electric field magnitude (Ē) of 3.5 V/m, we first need to calculate the frequency (f) of the wave.

Since the speed of light (c) is approximately 3 × 108 m/s, the frequency can be calculated by using the relationship c = f × λ. After finding the frequency, we can then write down the equation for the electric field E(x, t). Assuming that the wave is propagating in the +x direction and that the electric field oscillates in the y-direction, with no initial phase change, the equation for the electric field is:

E(x, t) = Ē × sin(2π(ft - x/λ))

To find the associated magnetic field B, we use the fact that the magnitudes of E and B are related by the speed of light c, such that B = E/c. Since electromagnetic waves have their electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to each other, if E is in the y-direction, B will be in the z-direction. The equation for the magnetic field is:

B(x, t) = B × sin(2π(ft - x/λ))

Where B is the peak magnetic field strength.

Answer:

2.9 m/s

Explanation:

The speed of the two-block system center of mass will not be changed by the collision, since it is an internal force. The only force acting upon the two-block system, then, will be gravity. We can calculate the effects of gravity upon the speed of the blocks along the slope by taking the sine of the angle of the slope (37°) and multiplying it by the magnitude of Fg in the vertical direction. sin(37°)*(3.92 N) = 2.36 N. This force acts upon the system and accelerates it down the slope, which can be modeled with the equation 2.36 N = (0.40 kg)*a. Solving for a, we find that gravity accelerates the block at 5.9 m/s2 along the slope of the block. Using this figure, we can find the speed of the system with the equation v = v0 + at. Initial velocity of the system is zero, as both blocks are moving towards each other at equal speed, so v = (5.9 m/s2)*(0.50 s). Velocity of the system after 0.50 seconds = 2.9 m/s.

The center-of-mass of an isolated two-block system moving towards each other at the same speed remains the same before the collision; therefore, the center-of-mass velocity is also 0.35 m/s just before the blocks collide.

In this scenario, we are dealing with the principle of conservation of momentum in an isolated system. In two-dimensional collisions involving identical masses moving toward each other at the same speed, the center-of-mass velocity does not change due to the collision.

To find the speed of the two-block system's center of mass, we can use the formula for center-of-mass velocity, that is the weighted average of the individual velocities. Since the blocks have identical mass, the center-of-mass velocity is just the average of their individual velocities. Given both blocks are moving toward each other at a speed of 0.35 m/s, the speed of the center-of-mass of the system before the blocks collide is also 0.35 m/s.

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The Earth is slightly flatter at the poles, making the correct answer option C. It is an oblate spheroid with a denser core made primarily of iron and nickel.

The correct answer to the question, 'The earth is:', is C: slightly flatter at the poles. This is because the Earth's shape is an oblate spheroid, meaning it's somewhat squished at the poles and bulges a bit at the equator due to its rotation. The Earth's equatorial radius is greater than its polar radius, which results in this slight flattening at the poles. Also, the Earth's core is composed predominantly of iron and nickel, making it very dense.

While it is true that the Earth is not a perfect sphere, it is also not thinner at the equator as option B suggests. Option D mentions that Earth is made of mostly carbon and iron, which is incorrect; the Earth is composed primarily of iron, oxygen, silicon, and other elements, but not mostly carbon.

Answer:

(a) 17634.24 Ω

(b) 0.0068 A

Explanation:

(a)

The formula for inductive inductance is given as

X' = 2πFL................... Equation 1

Where X' = inductive reactance, F = frequency, L = inductance

Given: F = 60 Hz, L = 46.8 H, π = 3.14

Substitute into equation 1

X' = 2(3.14)(60)(46.8)

X' = 17634.24 Ω

(b)

From Ohm's law,

Vrms = X'Irms

Where Vrms = Rms Voltage, Irms = rms Current.

make Irms the subject of the equation

Irms = Vrms/X'...................... Equation 2

Given: Vrms = 120 V, X' = 17634.24 Ω

Substitute into equation 2

Irms = 120/17634.24

Irms = 0.0068 A

Answer:

Correct answers:

Explanation:

• It is a satellite that collects data about rain and snow.

GPM is part of NASA's Earth Systematic Missions program and its function is to track precipitation from space with satellites and to provide accurate information of the time, place an amount of rain or snow anywhere in the world.

• Its orbit covers 90 percent of Earth's surface.

 GPM has unique perspective on measuring precipitation from space because of their collected satellite retrievals.

• The sensors measure microwaves.

GPM Microwave Imager (GMI) is a sensor that observes the microwave energy emitted by the Earth and atmosphere, so it improves the accuracy of rain and snowfall estimates.

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The catapult can generate 216,900,000 J of work during a single stroke, which is significantly more energy than the 142,222,500 J required to accelerate the aircraft.

To calculate the work done during the expansion of the steam in the catapult, we can use the first law of thermodynamics, which is the energy balance equation for a closed system:

ΔU = Q - W

Where:

ΔU is the change in internal energy of the system.

Q is the heat added to the system.

W is the work done by the system.

In this case, the steam in the catapult is the system, and we want to find the work done (W) during the expansion.

We can calculate the change in internal energy (ΔU) using the following equation:

ΔU = m * (u_final - u_initial)

Where:

m is the mass of the steam.

u_final is the specific internal energy of the steam at the final state.

u_initial is the specific internal energy of the steam at the initial state.

Given that the steam expands from 15 MPa and 450°C to 0.4 MPa, we need to find the specific internal energies at these two states. You'll typically need steam tables or thermodynamic software for precise values, but I'll provide approximate values for illustration:

For the initial state (15 MPa and 450°C), the specific internal energy might be approximately u_initial = 3270 kJ/kg.

For the final state (0.4 MPa), the specific internal energy might be approximately u_final = 2480 kJ/kg.

The mass (m) of the steam is given as 270 kg.

Now, calculate the change in internal energy:

ΔU = 270 kg * (2480 kJ/kg - 3270 kJ/kg)

ΔU = -216,900 kJ

The negative sign indicates a decrease in internal energy during the expansion.

Now, let's calculate the work done (W). Since this is an expansion, the work done by the system is positive:

W = -ΔU

W = -(-216,900 kJ)

W = 216,900 kJ

Now, let's compare this to the energy required to accelerate a 30,000 kg aircraft from rest to 350 km per hour. To calculate this energy, we can use the kinetic energy formula:

KE = 0.5 * m * v^2

Where:

KE is the kinetic energy.

m is the mass of the aircraft.

v is the velocity.

Converting 350 km per hour to m/s:

350 km/h * (1000 m/km) / (3600 s/h) ≈ 97.22 m/s

Now, calculate the kinetic energy:

KE = 0.5 * 30,000 kg * (97.22 m/s)^2

KE ≈ 142,222,500 J (joules)

So, the energy required to accelerate the aircraft is approximately 142,222,500 joules.

Comparing the work done by the catapult (216,900 kJ or 216,900,000 J) to the energy required to accelerate the aircraft (142,222,500 J), we can see that the catapult generates significantly more energy during a single stroke than is required to accelerate the aircraft. The catapult can generate much more work due to the expansion of steam, making it suitable for launching an aircraft.

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Answer:

Explanation:

General guidance

Concepts and reason

The concept used to solve this problem is slit width condition for maximum diffraction in case of single slit diffraction experiment.

Initially, use the condition for diffraction maximum in the case of single slit diffraction to find the inapplicable given options.

Finally, use the condition for diffraction maximum in the case of single slit diffraction to find the applicable given options.

Fundamentals

The condition for diffraction maximum in the case of single slit diffraction is as follows:

sin Θ=λ/α

Here, the angle situated in the first dark fringe on each side of the central bright fringe isΘ , slit width is α, and the wavelength is λ .

The incorrect options are as follows:

• The central bright fringe remains in same size.

The width of the central bright fringe is inversely proportional to the slit width. Therefore, the central fringe cannot remain in the same size. Hence, it is incorrect.

• The effect cannot be determined unless the distance between the slit and screen is known.

Without knowing the distance between the slit and screen, the effect can be experienced. Therefore, this option is incorrect.

• The central bright fringe becomes narrower.

Due to the inverse proportion of central bright fringe width and slit width, the central bright fringe becoming narrower is incorrect.The central bright fringe width is directly proportional to the slit width.

If the width of the slit increases, then the central bright fringe width also increases.

Due to the inverse proportion of central bright fringe width and slit width, the central bright fringe becomes wider when the width of the single slit is reduced.

The condition for diffraction maximum is as follows:

sin  Θ=λ/α

The slit width is inversely proportional to the angle of the first dark fringe on either side of the central bright fringe.

Therefore,

• The central bright fringe becomes wider is correct.

The applicable option when the width of the slit reduces is the central bright fringe becoming wider.  

Slit width is inversely proportional to the angle of the first dark fringe on either side of the central bright fringe.

The central bright fringe width is directly proportional to the angle of the first dark fringe on either side of the central bright fringe.

If the central bright fringe becomes wider, then the angle of the first dark fringe on either side of the central bright fringe will be larger.

Answer

The applicable option when the width of the slit reduces is the central bright fringe becoming wider.