How did the ideas of each of the major Enlightenment thinkers challenge absolute monarchy?

There are two types of democracy: direct and representative. There are three systems of democracies: parliamentary, presidential, and mixed. Parliamentary systems are distinct because of the power that they place in the hands of the legislative branch.

The two types of democracies are direct and representative. Direct democracy involves citizens voting on all decisions, while representative democracy allows elected officials to make decisions on behalf of the citizens.

The two types of democracies are direct democracy and representative democracy. In a direct democracy, all citizens participate in making decisions by voting on issues themselves, rather than by electing representatives to make decisions on their behalf. An example of this would be some ancient Greek city-states. A representative democracy, on the other hand, is where citizens elect representatives to make laws and decisions on their behalf. A familiar example of this would be the United States government.

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Answer:

Spying, And sewing, Camp followers

Camp followers-

They snuck in anyways so that counts

Activities that were common ways for women to participate in the Revolutionary War. Thus, option (A, B) is correct.

War is defined as a violent armed conflict between states, governments, society, or paramilitary groups such as mercenaries, insurgents, and militias. It is characterized by severe violence, damage, and mortality, and it employs either conventional or irregular military troops.

Warfare refers to the shared behaviors and characteristics of various types of war, as well as warfare in general. Total war is defined as warfare that is not limited to only legitimate military goals and can result in significant civilian and non-combatant suffering and casualties. Camp followers, snuck in anyways so that count

Therefore, Thus, option (A, B) is correct.

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On December 5, 1492, Columbus and his crew landed on an island that he named La Isla Española, “The Spanish Island,” which was eventually anglicized to Hispaniola. Haiti now occupies the western third of the island, and the remaining eastern two-thirds of the island make up the Dominican Republic.

Answer:

The concept of government as provider comes next: government as provider of goods and services that individuals cannot provide individually for themselves. Government in this conception is the solution to collective action problems, the medium through which citizens create public goods that benefit everyone, but that are also subject to free-rider problems without some collective compulsion.

The basic economic infrastructure of human connectivity falls into this category: the means of physical travel, such as roads, bridges and ports of all kinds, and increasingly the means of virtual travel, such as broadband. All of this infrastructure can be, and typically initially is, provided by private entrepreneurs who see an opportunity to build a road, say, and charge users a toll, but the capital necessary is so great and the public benefit so obvious that ultimately the government takes over.

Explanation:

Answer:

responsible for overseeing filings with the Court and maintaining its records. The current Clerk is Scott S. Harris

Explanation:

The Clerk of the Supreme Court is a court clerk. The role of the clerk and deputies or assistants should not be confused with the Court's law clerks, who assist the Justices by conducting research, making recommendations on which cases to hear, and preparing drafts of opinions.

The Clerk's Office is responsible for maintaining the dockets and records of the Court. However, since approximately 1960, most of the Court's non-current case files and other records have been placed in the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration.

Supreme Court clerks are recent law school graduates responsible for researching, drafting opinions, preparing justices for oral argument, and reviewing cases. They are selected for their academic excellence and often have experience with feeder judges. The role is influential, aiding justices with complex legal work, but final decisions remain within the justices' purview.

Role and Qualifications of a Supreme Court Clerk

A Supreme Court clerk is a highly prestigious legal position, responsible for several critical tasks within the Supreme Court system. Each justice typically has three to four law clerks, who are recent law school graduates. These clerks play an instrumental role in the judicial process. They conduct thorough legal research and draft judicial opinions, including majority, dissenting, and concurring opinions, based on their findings and analysis.

Clerks are also tasked with preparing the justices for oral arguments by reviewing and synthesizing the briefs and relevant laws for each case. Additionally, they review incoming cases and participate in the 'cert. pool', making recommendations about which cases the Court should hear. They help manage emergency applications, which can include last-minute death sentence stays. The influence of these clerks is significant; their recommendations can sway the decisions on hearing cases and the rulings handed down by the justices. Finally, these clerks are typically recent law school graduates who have demonstrated exceptional academic performance and often come from feeder judges in lower courts.

In terms of qualifications, clerks are usually graduates from prestigious law schools with a strong academic record. They often have prior experience working as clerks for other federal judges, which is known as serving with feeder judges. This prior experience provides them with the necessary skills and knowledge to assist the Supreme Court justices effectively.

Opinions on the clerks' roles and their influence vary. With such close involvement in the judicial process, some question the extent of the clerks' influence on the justices' decisions. The reliance on clerks for in-depth legal research and opinion drafting is a practical necessity given the complexity and volume of cases the Court handles. Nevertheless, the collaborative nature of this relationship ensures that experienced justices make the ultimate legal decisions.

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Definition of imperialism

imperial government, authority, or system

the policy, practice, or advocacy of extending the power and dominion of a nation especially by direct territorial acquisitions or by gaining indirect control over the political or economic life of other areas

broadly : the extension or imposition of power, authority, or influence

Hope that helps!!!

Through the mother

Explanation:

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Answer:

b:the mother

Explanation:

Answer: The Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires all reached their peaks between the 16th and 17th centuries. Combined, the empires spanned from Egypt, across the Middle East and Persia, all the way to India. Each empire controlled areas with distinct physical, ethnic, and religious environments, yet were similar in many ways. The leaders of each of the empires had Turkic ethnic backgrounds and Islamic roots, and all of the empires developed strong military forces (because of this, they are collectively referred to as the Gunpowder Empires). Each of the empires had to contend with religious divisions within their empires, and were able to overcome these differences and please the various groups within their empires. I will focus on the similar way that each of the empires dealt with religious divisions, as well as the status of women in each of the Gunpowder Empires.

The three Muslim Empires are similar in that they each ruled over subjects with diverse religious and ethnic backgrounds. Although each situation was different, the Empires separately came around to using very similar methods of dealing with religious differences.

In the Ottoman Empire, non-Muslims were incorporated as “millets” (communities), with their own leadership, legal systems, and education systems [1]. Both the subjects and the ruling class grew more and more diverse, and it was important that the Ottomans could maintain their legitimacy in the eyes of each of the various groups. Later Ottoman rulers followed Sunni Islam, and encouraged, but did not force, Jews and Christians to convert to Islam [2].

The Safavid Empire mainly united Persian speaking areas, but still faced religious clashes in multiple facets: Muslim vs. non-Muslim, Sunni vs. Shii, as well as various other mystical Muslim beliefs [3]. The Empire patronized Shii Islam, and, like the Ottomans, encouraged Jews, Christians, and Zorastrians to convert. Unlike the Ottomans, the Safavids went farther, persecuting non-Muslims. However, these persecutions, which were supported by the Safavid ulama, never lasted long [4].

The Mughals faced the largest religious divide, between the Muslims and the large number of Hindus within the Empire. Early Mughal rulers, such as Akbar, focused on promoting universal religious tolerance. Akbar did not wish to pick sides and incur the distrust of the large Hindu population, and thus chose to follow a new religion of his own creation. There was no religion-based hierarchy in the ruling class; people proved their loyalty to the ruler by serving him, not by following a certain religion [5]. Later Mughal rulers, most notably Aurangzeb, emphasized “the need to preserve and purify Islam and to establish a society in which Islam will flourish” [251]. Aurangzeb was a believer in Shari Sunni Islam, and recast the Mughal Empire in accordance with Shari restrictions. Aurangzeb did not force conversion to Islam, but nonetheless followed the pattern of confessionalization enacted by the Ottoman and Safavid Empires [7].

Although all three empires faced different religious divides, they ended up dealing with them in much the same way. All three empires ended up at least encouraging, if not enforcing, conversion to Islam (it took an extra century or so for the Mughals, but the outcome was the same). However, none of the empires went so far as to severely harm other religious groups.

Palace women were placed in essentially the same positions in all three of the Islamic Empires. From the beginning of the Ottoman Empire, sultans had children with concubines rather than with their wives. The reason for this was political: the wives of sultans were usually nobly born of other dynasties, and “to deny these women access to motherhood . . . was to diminish the status of the royal houses from which they came” [8]. The loss of power from the sultan’s wife made room for concubines who gave the sultan a son to gain power. After having a son, concubines would usually no longer be in contact with the sultan. A concubine would leave to raise her son, and when he was given land to govern as a prince, she would go with him and act as his main protector, advisor, and manager of his household [9]. And if her son became the ruler, she would have a large amount of influence over his decisions. Extensive study has not been done on the role of Safavid royal women, but it is evident that royal mothers had significant influence in the Safavid Empire as well. Streusand gives two examples of influential Safavid women: Pari Khan Khanum and Mahd-i Ulya. Mughal women played similar roles [10].

Explanation:

Final answer:

The Ottomans used the millet system to govern non-Muslim subjects who were given religious autonomy but had to pay the jizya tax. The Janissary system converted Christian boys into Muslim soldiers or administrators. The Mughals also granted religious autonomy to their subjects, with conversion to Islam being a mix of voluntary and strategic choices.

Explanation:

Treatment of Non-Muslims by the Ottomans and Mughals

The Ottomans and Mughals each had distinct approaches to governing their non-Muslim subjects. The Ottoman Empire implemented the milletsystem, which allowed non-Muslim communities, or dhimmis, such as Christians and Jews, to govern their own affairs and practice their religion freely in exchange for paying the jizya tax. Moreover, the Ottomans' utilization of the Janissary system involved taking Christian boys, converting them to Islam, and training them for military or administrative roles.

The Mughal treatment of non-Muslims was also characterized by a degree of tolerance, with the empire allowing autonomy in matters of religion and customs to its diverse subjects. Conversion to Islam occurred through various influences, but there were instances where conversions were discouraged to maintain the tax base from non-Muslims.

Islamic states like the Ottomans recognized 'people of the book' or ahl al-kitab, who were non-Muslim communities with recognized prophets and scriptures, allowing them to continue their religious practices and community functions within the greater Islamic context, with certain rights and obligations different from Muslims.

Answer:

Wyoming had the smallest representation in the house of representative with only 60 members.

Explanation:

It is a state in the mountain region of the Western America. Wyoming State's Legislature comprises a House of Representatives with only 60 members and a Senate with 30 members. The Constitution of Wyoming includes three branches of government: the branches of the executive, the legislative and the judiciary.

In 2018, the state's population was estimated at 577,737, which is less than 31 of the USA's most populous states. This state is the 10th biggest state by population, the least populous state, and the second thinly populated state in the United States.

Answer:

1) bicameral

2) northwest ordenance

3)inalenable rights

4) federalism

5)anti-federalists

not 100% sure 2 and 4 are right, this seems like something that makes more sense to just google

Answer:

true

Explanation: Benedict Arnold was the British commander at Fort Ticonderoga

Final answer:

It is true that Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen attacked and captured Fort Ticonderoga from the British in May 1775, securing important artillery for the Continental Army.

Explanation:

True, Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen attacked the British at Fort Ticonderoga. In May 1775, immediately following the battles of Lexington and Concord that signaled the start of the Revolutionary War, Ethan Allen, leading the Green Mountain Boys, and Colonel Benedict Arnold joined forces to capture Fort Ticonderoga in New York from the British. This success was significant as it enabled the rebels to secure vital artillery for the Continental Army.

The capture of Fort Ticonderoga was a crucial early victory for the American forces during the Revolutionary War. The cannons obtained from Ticonderoga were later transported and used to fortify positions around Boston, contributing to the British evacuation of the city in March 1776. The fort's strategic location also helped control key routes between Canada and the Hudson River Valley.

They were unsatisfied with the conditions in the state and have started a Revolution

Explanation:

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Answer:

Passed by Congress June 4, 1919, and ratified on August 18, 1920, the 19th amendment granted women the right to vote. The 19th amendment guarantees all American women the right to vote. Achieving this milestone required a lengthy and difficult struggle; victory took decades of agitation and protest.

19th Amendment (1920) guaranteed women the constitutional right to vote

Answer:

A major change brought about by the Industrial Revolution is urbanization. Factories were opened in cities and they constantly needed more and more workers to satisfy growing demands for products that were produced for the first time in a mass scale thanks to better technologies.  

Explanation:

Answer:Several factors led to the rise of U.S. industrialization in the late 1800’s. New technologies like steam engines, railroads, and telegraphs made communication and transportation easier. The ability to source and transport materials across the country with ease turned many local businesses into national companies. Workplace innovations, such as the assembly-line method of production, allowed these companies to produce goods on a mass scale.

Expert Answers info

Queen Langosh eNotes educator | Certified Educator

First, we should be clear about the nature of the industrial boom that occurred in the wake of the Civil War. It was the rise of heavy industry and the production of capital goods that characterized the early phases of industrial growth during this period, and by far the biggest factor contributing to growth was the expansion of the railroads.

Railroads expanded exponentially after the Civil War, and their rapid spread facilitated and spurred industrial growth in several ways. They led to a demand for coal, timber, and especially steel, the most important commodity in this new industrial age. They connected markets, enabling businesses like the meatpacking industry to rapidly increase distribution and production. Moreover, their corporate structures formed a paradigm and a model for other industries.

In addition to this new industry, which spawned many others, industrialization was fueled by the massive influx of immigrants from Europe and elsewhere that provided a large industrial labor force. Another factor was the rapid proliferation of new technologies, a cause and an effect of industrial development. Electric light, assembly lines, the Bessemer steel process, and the telephone were just a few of the myriad innovations that helped spur industrial growth.

A final, often-overlooked factor contributing to industrialization was the role played by the federal government. In the wake of the Civil War, the government spurred the growth of railroads by setting aside massive grants of land, providing subsidies, and other measures. The government also established high tariffs and created a generally pro-business economic climate that facilitated industrial growth.

Explanation:

The correct answer is C) immigration and higher infant survival rates.

The two factors that led to a larger workforce available to new industries were immigration and higher infant survival rates.

Immigrants left their former countries for many reasons. They were being persecuted for political or religious resons or they were poor and lacked opportunities to progress. Millions of immigrants arrived in the United States during the 1800s and took low paid jobs in the factories. This situation and higher infant survival rates created a larger workforce available to new industries.

Reaction to Senator Charles Sumner in 1857:

This event happened on May 22, 1856. Two days before which Charles Sumner had given a speech against slaveholders and criticizing then heavily publicly, which also included a relative of Brooks.

So, taking this as an insult, Preston Brooks in retaliation beat Sumner with a Walking cane, and this incident significantly contributed to the country’s polarization toward the issue of slavery. There was a lot violence that followed the event and was eventually one of the reasons for the American Civil War.

Answer:

1. Homestead strike - C. Seven union members and three Pinkerton workers died.

2. Pullman strike - A. The cause was a cut in wages without a reduction in rent.

3. Great Railroad strike - Governors from 10 states called in militia to stop violence.

4. Haymarket Riot - B. Several Chicago police officer were killed by a bomb, an act that was blamed on eight innocent men.

Explanation:

The Homestead strike was an industrial strike that ended in a battle between strikers and the Amalgamated Associaton of Iron and Steel workers, and private security agents (Pinkerton National Detective Agency). The battle occurred on July 6; in the aftermath of this battle, William Pinkerton stated before the Congress that three Pinkerton agents died in the strike, but the total number of agents who died was seven.

The Pullman strike was a nationwide strike in the United States; it was against the Pullman Company, the main railroads, and the federal government of the United States. It began when the company lowered wages, but it did not reduce rents. There were other reasons too, for example, the excessive water and gas rates, and the refusal by the company to allow workers to buy and own houses.

The Great Railroad Strike of 1877 began in West Virginia after the cutting out of wages for the third time in a year. This strike ended after 45 days when it was put down by local and state militias and federal troops.

The Haymarket Riot was the aftermath of a bombing that took place at a labor demonstration on May 4, 1886, at Haymarket Square in Chicago. It began as a strike for an eight-hour workday, but an unknown person threw a bomb at the police and killed seven police officers and at least four civilians. This act was blamed on eight anarchists; the evidence was that one of them may have built the bomb, but none of those on the trial had thrown it.

Answer:

1. The cause was a cut in wages without a reduction in rent ----- Pullman strike

2. Several Chicago police officers were killed by a bomb, an act that was blamed on 8 innocent men ----- Haymarket riot

3. Severn union member and three Pinkerton workers died--Homestead strike

4. Govenerns from 10 states called in militia to stop violence -Great Railroad strike

Explanation:

Answer:

While Members of Congress are expressly forbidden from being electors, the Constitution requires the House and Senate to count the Electoral College's ballots, and in the event of a tie, to select the President and Vice President, respectively.

Explanation:

Answer:

The president is elected, and the Congress is elected.

Explanation:

No it does not affect the migration.

Explanation:

The countries of Britain and Japan are two of the most wealthiest island nations of the world. The islands even though do not have much land route for going to other countries but still it did not affect these countries of the world.

People in huge number migrated to these two nations because of the availability of jobs and employment opportunities in these countries. More over the living standards were also high in this country which attracted a lot of people.

Final answer:

Britain and Japan, as island nations, have been both helped and hindered by their geography in terms of migration. The isolation of islands can be a defense mechanism but also creates barriers for people looking to migrate.

Explanation:

The fact that Britain and Japan are islands has both enabled and deterred migration to and from those places. Being islands provides a natural barrier to movement, inherently making both countries easier to defend and control access to. This has occasionally been beneficial, as during the COVID-19 pandemic, when island nations had the potential to block all travel to contain the spread of the virus. Conversely, it has been a barrier to those seeking to migrate or invade.

Historically, Britain's island status enabled it to become a powerful maritime nation with a formidable navy, allowing it to reach distant lands and establish colonies during the colonial era. However, Japan, while also being an island nation, was more isolated due to its lack of natural resources such as coal and iron ore, unlike Britain, which had these resources in abundance, contributing to its industrial revolution and colonial expansion.

Answer:

he expext his  jurisdiction in August. He was responsible for military defense, civilian colonization

Explanation:

General Teodoro de Croix had no specific tasks related to New Mexico as there seems to be a confusion about his role. General Zachary Taylor's objective was to take control of northern Mexico, including New Mexico, during the Mexican-American War. General Winfield Scott's mission was to capture Mexico City, beginning with the amphibious assault on Veracruz.

General Teodoro de Croix was not assigned tasks specifically related to New Mexico. Instead, U.S. military strategy during the Mexican-American War had objectives that related to New Mexico. One of those was to take control of northern Mexico, which included New Mexico. This task was assigned to General Zachary Taylor and his Army of the Center. This operation included the capture of the Mexican city of Monterrey and further advancement north.

General Winfield Scott had a different objective, which was to launch an amphibious assault against the port city of Veracruz and from there to march to Mexico City. The successful completion of this plan included taking Vera Cruz, which fell on March 27, 1847, and planning the route to capture the Mexican capital.

Therefore, it appears that there has been some confusion regarding General Teodoro de Croix's role, as he is not mentioned in the context of the Mexican-American War or the U.S. military operations in New Mexico. Notable figures like General Winfield Scott, General Zachary Taylor, and John Munroe, who was a Military Governor of New Mexico Territory, are more directly connected to the historical events related to New Mexico's military strategy.

The correct answer is "false."

Further Explanation:

This is a false statement that is listed above. The United States did not launch the Sputnik. It was Russia who launched the Sputnik and then they were in the lead with the "space race." The Russians were the first to put any artificial satellite into space. They are the ones who began the "space race."

The Sputnik was launched in 1957 with much fanfare all over the world. It was a shock to many world leaders because it was thought that it would be the United States to be the first country to put a satellite into space.

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Answer:

false

Explanation:

Answer:

Native American women not only took care of their household work and children but also contributed in the upliftment of the society. They were warriors, hunters, builders. The men understood the importance of women in their life.

They shared their work like if a man did the hunting the wife not only assisted him but did the skinning, cleaning, cutting and cooking.

The women were treated with respect as they took shoulder to their men prepared hunting tools took care of the men and the children.

They were swift enough to handle things and they also prepared medicines to heal. The women were multitasking with great inner strength.  

Answer:

A. start raising funds to bring Booker T. Washington to the city for a speech

If i'm correct.

Answer:

The issue at stake here was a US citizen´s right to a due process even if he or she doesn´t have the means to pay a lawyer.

An indigent man, Clarence Earl Gideon, was charged with a felony for alledgedly burglarizing a pool hall in Panama City, Florida, in June 1961. At the beginning of the trial he requested a court-appointed attorney, but the request was denied. He was found guilty. The case made it to the US Supreme Court. On March 18, 1963 , the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that the denial of an attorney was a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment , which guarantees due process. There was a new trial and he was acquitted.

Explanation:

In Gideon v. Wainwright, the Constitutional issue was whether felony defendants in state courts have the right to counsel under the Sixth Amendment. The Supreme Court ruled in favor of Gideon, establishing that the Constitution guarantees legal representation for those facing felony charges. This landmark case has had a significant impact on the criminal court system.

The Constitutional issue in Gideon v. Wainwright was whether the Sixth Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extends to felony defendants in state courts. Clarence Gideon, who was charged with a felony, argued that the denial of a lawyer by the trial judge violated his constitutional right to representation. The Supreme Court unanimously ruled in Gideon's favor, establishing that the Constitution requires the appointment of a lawyer for those facing felony criminal charges, even if they cannot afford one.

Answer:

panama cana so..b

Explanation:

Answer:

North American Indian tribes and white colonists often clashed over lands, access to water bodies and trade, for example, control of fur trade.  

Explanation:

Answer:

Forced assimilation of Native Americans and the stealing of their land.

Explanation:

Most of the Native Americans' actions were retaliative. The colonists landed in the 'New World' not realizing it was already populated, and upon discovering it was already populated, they attempted to assert their power of the Native Americans whom they perceived as 'savages' because of the differing religious beliefs. The colonists seized land for their settlements and took advantage of the Native Americans at every turn.  Once colonists fully had the upperhand in society and no longer relied on Native Americans to help maintain their settlements, the colonists forced the assimilation of the Native Americans, making them worship as the colonists did and live as the colonists expected them to.

Answer:

Dred Scott vs Sanford

Explanation:

You're welcome

Answer:

The Federal Government decision that determined slaves to not be considered citizens and therefore do not have the rights afforded to citizens under the constitution was the Supreme Court's ruling in Dred Scott v. Sanford.

Explanation:

Dred Scott was a slave belonging to the military surgeon John Sanford of Missouri. Scott wandered with his master and lived with him for some time in Illinois (free from slavery) and in Minnesota (slavery was abolished there in accordance with the Missouri Compromise). In 1846 both of them returned to their native state and Scott decided to submit an application to the court for recognition as a free man. He justified his petition by the fact that he was in free territory for a long time. Judicial practice was based on the assumption that the slave labor system could not be restored in any of the territories where it was outlawed.

For these reasons, Scott's longer detention in free states could have been the basis for changing his slave status. The first verdict in this case was issued by the Missouri state court in 1852, where Judge William Scott stated that the political situation had changed, so court rulings should also change in this matter. Wanting to change the behavior of local courts, Scott appealed to the Supreme Court, although he was aware of its pro-slavery composition.

The case was presented to the highest authority of the judiciary in 1856. President of the Court, Roger Taney, then formulated two legal problems. First, he questioned whether Dred Scott, being an African American, had the right to lodge a complaint. Secondly, he questioned which regulations should settle the question: state law or the Missouri Compromise. In the first doubt, Taney ruled that Scott could not apply to the Supreme Court because he was not a citizen. On the second issue, Taney considered that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional. He stated that Congress had no right to prohibit bringing slaves to any area without first instituting legal proceedings. The Supreme Court accepted Taney's motions and approved the sentence, by 7 votes to 2.

Answer:

Rise of poverty, lost trust for traditional governments, painful reperations, desire for vengeance, and the rise of nationalism. These are just a few of the many reasons why fascism grew to prominance following world war one.

Explanation: