How do frogs utilize extensor and flexor muscles in order to swim, jump, and do other frog things efficiently; include specific names of these muscles located in the upper and lower limbs of the frog?

Answers

Answer 1
The structure of the feet and legs varies greatly among frog species, depending in part on whether they live primarily on the ground, in water, in trees or in burrows. Frogs must be able to move quickly through their environment to catch prey and escape predators, and numerous adaptations help them to do so. Most frogs are either proficient at jumping or are descended from ancestors that were, with much of the musculoskeletal morphology modified for this purpose. The tibia, fibula, and tarsals have been fused into a single, strong bone, as have the radius and ulna in the fore limbs (which must absorb the impact on landing). The metatarsals have become elongated to add to the leg length and allow the frog to push against the ground for a longer period on take-off. The illium has elongated and formed a mobile joint with the sacrum which, in specialist jumpers such as ranids and hylids, functions as an additional limb joint to further power the leaps. The tail vertebrae have fused into a urostyle which is retracted inside the pelvis. This enables the force to be transferred from the legs to the body during a leap 
The muscular system has been similarly modified. The hind limbs of ancestral frogs presumably contained pairs of muscles which would act in opposition (one muscle to flex the knee, a different muscle to extend it), as is seen in most other limbed animals. However, in modern frogs, almost all muscles have been modified to contribute to the action of jumping, with only a few small muscles remaining to bring the limb back to the starting position and maintain posture. The muscles have also been greatly enlarged, with the main leg muscles accounting for over 17% of the total mass of the frog.
Answer 2

Answer:

The muscles in the stomach of the frog bend the spine forward, opposing the muscles in the back which bend the spine backwards.  The upper muscles in the chest help to push the upper limbs out using triceps brachii as extensors to jump, while the upper back muscles help to draw the upper limbs back in as well as biceps brachii.  The pectoralis major are responsible for moving the arms at the shoulders. The rectus abdominus bends the spine downward and also adds an extra layer of protection for the frogs internal organs.  There are muscles on top of the theigh such as the satorious, which extend the lower legs to kick out when jumping or swimming.  The tribalis anterior longus is a flexor of the foot, meaning it pulls the foot up, one uses this muscle when they lift their foot to take a step.  The gastrocenemius is an extensor for the foot, bending it down, used whenever a frog jumps.  


Related Questions

What factor is a characteristic of passive transport? It is an energy-rich process. It occurs without energy input. It requires ATP. It requires transport proteins

Answers

B. It occurs without energy input.

it occurs without energy input

Neurofibromatosis, a genetic disease caused by mutation on the NF1 gene, follows an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. The diagram shows that the father carries two copies of the defective gene and the mother is unaffected. What percentage of offspring will have neurofibromatosis?


Affected: RR Normal: rr


A: 0%

B: 25%

C: 50%

D: 100%

Answers

As you can see in a cross shown in the image below, all of the progeny would have the Rr genotype.
Since the NF1 gene that is the genetic causes of Neurofibromatosis is expressing an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, the heterozygotes would also have the disease.
Therefore, the correct answer is D, 100%.

Answer:

100% is the correct answer

Explanation:

Listening for sounds within the body defines?

Answers

Listening for sounds produced within the body defines auscultation. 
Final answer:

Listening for sounds within the body, known as auscultation, is commonly used in Biology to study internal sounds produced by organs. This technique involves using a stethoscope to listen for and diagnose medical conditions.

Explanation:

Listening for sounds within the body is known as auscultation. This technique is commonly used in the field of Biology to study the sounds produced by organs and structures inside the body, such as the heart, lungs, and blood vessels.

Auscultation involves using a stethoscope to listen to these internal sounds. Healthcare professionals, such as doctors and nurses, use auscultation to diagnose and monitor various medical conditions.

Three SEO keywords: auscultation, internal sounds, stethoscope.

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why do you think the deer population in 1905 was 4,000 even though the carrying capacity was predicted to be 30,000

Answers

Environmental factors 

When assessing an older adult client, the nurse recognizes the client has a significant hearing loss. the most appropriate intervention by the nurse is to
a. shout into the client's good ear.
b. repeat words the client doesn't understand.
c. introduce herself first.
d. check the hearing aid batteries?

Answers

It would be appropriate to D.) Check the hearing aid batteries

Complentary rna to dna strand ACCGAGCTT

Answers

The equivalent RNA strand would be UGGCUCGAA.

This was obtained knowing that the base pairs, of pyrimidines and purines are complementary. Where also a single pyrimidine that is T is replaced with U in RNA molecules.

which part of the cell membrane is responsible for preventing unwanted materials from entering the cell

Answers

LIPID BILAYER
 
The most important property of lipid bilayer is that it is highly impermeable structure. Impermeable means that it do not allow molecules to pass freely across the cell membrane. Water and gases can easily pass through the lipid bilayer. With this property means that large molecules and polar molecules cannot cross the bilayer. This property can be due to the structure of the lipid bilayer its asymmetrical, they also have different lipid and protein composition.

A patient who is pregnant has a history of recurrent genital herpesvirus (hsv). the patient asks the nurse what will be done to suppress an outbreak when she is near term. the nurse will tell the patient that:

Answers

The nurse can advise the client that an oral acyclovir can be used during pregnancy. This is what the ob-gynes prescribed to avoid the outbreak to pregnant clients diagnosed with herpes virus or hsv.

Which sentence uses parentheses correctly?
A) Believe it or not) our football team hasn't won a game in over twenty years.
B) (To be honest) I don't think that Cami is a person who can be trusted with secrets.
C) The apartment (which hadn't been lived in for a full year) was filled with trash and debris.
D) Dr. Long (who never taught in a classroom for more than two years isn't really prepared to be a principal.

Answers

c is the only one that is correct

Answer:i think the anwser is c

Explanation:

The agents of metamorphism are _______.
a. uplifting and folding
b. foliation and deposition
c. contact and regional deformation
d. heat, pressure, and chemical fluids
e. slaty and platy cleavage

Answers

The agents of metamorphism are heat, pressure, and chemical fluids.

The agents of metamorphism are  heat, pressure, and chemical fluids. Hence, option (d) is correct.

What is metamorphism?

The process of metamorphism involves changing the protolith, an existing rock, into a new rock with a different mineral composition or texture. The rock remains essentially solid throughout the metamorphism process, which happens at temperatures between 150°C and 200 °C (300°F and 400 °F), as well as frequently at high pressures or in the presence of chemically active fluids. Weathering and diagenesis, which are changes that occur at or near the Earth's surface, are not the same as metamorphism.

Metamorphism can take many different forms, such as regional, contact, hydrothermal, shock, and dynamic metamorphism. The typical temperatures, pressures, and rates at which they occur, as well as the degree to which reactive fluids are involved, vary between these. Prograde metamorphism is that which occurs under conditions of rising pressure and temperature.

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Which of the following shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms?

Answers

Answer:

The answer is A. Branching tree diagram. Organisms start at a small level. Then evolves to a branching tree. I took the test and got it right. Have a great day.

Explanation:

The following shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms: A phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms; this is option A.

What is a phylogenetic tree?

Phylogenetic trees are a way of illustrating the evolutionary relationships between different organisms or groups of organisms. The tree represents the pattern of branching of different species, indicating their evolutionary relatedness. Each branching point on the tree represents a point at which two species diverged from a common ancestor, with the length of the branches indicating the amount of evolutionary time that has passed since that divergence. Phylogenetic trees can be constructed based on different types of data, such as genetic or morphological traits. DNA sequences are often used to construct phylogenetic trees, as they provide a record of the evolutionary history of different organisms. 

Hence, the following shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms: A phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms; this is option A.

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complete question is below

Which of the following shows the evolutionary relationships between organisms?

A)phylogenetic tree

B)climax community

The perception of color depends on the __________ of light an object reflects. A.function B.amplitude C.variation D.wavelength

Answers

Answer:

The perception of color depends on the Wavelength of light an object reflects.

Explanation:

The answer is D: Wavelength because the shorter or more compressed the waves are, the more the color will be darker or more concentrated if that makes sense.

Stay safe and Good Luck!

The wavelengths of visible light split into the rainbow's colors as it passes through a prism because each color has a unique wavelength. The electromagnetic spectrum is the collective term for all wavelengths. Thus, option D is correct.

What is impact of wavelength in color of light?

The light waves that an object reflects determine its “color.” This is determined by the configuration of electrons in the atoms of that substance.

Which, in accordance with complex quantum principles, will absorb and remit photons of a certain energy.

Visible light has a spectrum, and this spectrum is what determines the color of the light.

The colors of light with the longest and shortest wavelengths are red and violet, respectively. The wavelengths of every other color of light are located in between.

Therefore, The perception of color depends on the wavelength of light an object reflects.

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Using what you have learned about the structure and function of neurons, work with you partner to outline the order of events that get your desired result(s). how does information from the outside world cause a response from your body?19. include the terms listed below in your flow chart. you may wish to add additional items to show multiple responses of the body. o motor neuronso sensory neuronso association neuronso an eyeo a cockroacho a leg or an armo the brain or central nervous system

Answers

A stimulus, the cockroach is sensed by your eyes.
Your eyes transmit nerve impulses from the optic nerve, the a group of sensory neurons, to the brain, the central nervous system.

In the brain, the impulse is then transferred by relay / association neurons to the motor neurons which signals the effector which is the muscle in your legs to contract, making you jump in shock

How do dating methods help to support the theory of natural selection and biological evolution? How is it different than Darwin’s original ideas on speciation? Differentiate between absolute and relative dating techniques, giving one example of each. What is punctuated equilibrium?

Answers

Final answer:

Dating methods provide evidence of the age of fossils and the timing of key evolutionary events. Absolute dating techniques give a numerical age, while relative dating techniques provide a relative age. Punctuated equilibrium is a theory of evolution that suggests long periods of little change followed by rapid evolution.

Explanation:

Dating methods help to support the theory of natural selection and biological evolution by providing evidence of the age of fossils and the timing of key evolutionary events. Absolute dating techniques, such as radiometric dating, provide an actual numerical age for fossils or rocks. For example, radiocarbon dating can be used to determine the age of organic materials up to about 50,000 years old. Relative dating techniques, such as stratigraphy, provide an understanding of the relative age of fossils or rocks. For example, the law of superposition states that in undisturbed rock layers, the oldest rocks are at the bottom and the youngest are at the top.

Darwin's original ideas on speciation did not involve dating methods, as these methods were not well-developed during his time. Instead, he focused on observational evidence from the natural world to propose his theory of evolution by natural selection.

Punctuated equilibrium is a theory in evolutionary biology that suggests that species may undergo long periods of little or no change, followed by relatively short periods of rapid evolution. This theory was proposed by Stephen Jay Gould and Niles Eldredge in 1972 as an alternative explanation to the gradualistic model of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin.

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How might mike smith have benefited from personalized chemotherapy?

Answers

Mike Smith can be benefited by chemotherapy because the medication helps to increase the production of blood cells to replace the damaged ones. It also a type of treatment for cancer patients that uses agents like chemical to make or control diseases or even a mental disorder. This also stops or slow the growing cells of cancer cells that affect the health cells.  And also he can be benefited by personalized chemotherapy because it is  based on specific genetic profile of individual patients, it is replacing the traditional way of  medicine. it is more likely customized. 

Personalized cancer treatments or screening processes involves:

- Diagnose the type of cancer and select screening strategies to lower the risk of developing any further.

- Make sure the treatment matches the patient and cause less side effects  

- Induce no recurrence of cancer

It can be said that in Mike’s case, the treatment suited his body and the side effects were lessening. Also, the treatment vanishes the chances of reoccurrence of cancer.


What is the importance DNA in the human body

Answers

Copy whichever but the second one is most correct

Which brain study technique is not correctly matched with a limitation?

Answers

EEF or electroencephalogram expensive and time consuming.

Hope this helps!

What type of confined space has the normal hazards presented by a confined space plus additional hazards?
A.
Permit-required
B.
Hazard
C.
Characteristic

Answers

Hello,

The answer is option A "Permit-required".

Reason:

A permit-required is the confined space in which normal hazards are presented plus other hazards. Its not option B because the answer would not be hazard because there talking about additional hazards and confined spaces (probably safe rooms). Its also not option C because characteristic is a type but its describing a type of hazard its not a way to confine it.

If you need anymore help feel free to ask me!

Hope this helps!

~Nonportrit

Plants are photoautotrophs. what does this mean? plants are photoautotrophs. what does this mean? they generate oxygen. they are the primary consumers of the biosphere. they are attracted to light. they synthesize their own food from inorganic materials. they use light energy to drive the synthesis of organic molecules from inorganic materials.

Answers

Photosynthesis occurs in their Chloroplasts, which only plants have. This means that plants undergo photosynthesis to create their own energy. Water(from the ground) + CO2(Carbon Dioxide) + Light(Energy) = glucose(sugar or energy) + oxygen. The glucose is the energy that all organisms need to function. Plants just use photosynthesis to make it. Photosynthesis occurs in their Chloroplasts, which only plants have.

Plants generate organic compounds from inorganic materials using light energy. The correct option is D.

Thus, plants are able to engage in photosynthesis. They transform carbon dioxide and water into glucose (a kind of organic molecule) and oxygen using light energy, often from the sun. Plants may create their own sustenance from inorganic materials thanks to a process carried out in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

The chemical processes that turn inorganic elements into organic molecules are propelled by the energy from sunshine, giving plants the nutrition and energy, they need to grow and develop. Because of this, plants are self-sufficient beings that can produce their own sustenance through photosynthesis.

Thus, the ideal selection is option D.

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How would you microscopically distinguish a eudicot stem from a monocot stem?

Answers

Answer:
Monocots have a lot of grain in their vascular bundle that is scattered and eudicots have a more organized ring arrangement.

Explanation:

Monocots have one cotyledon in seed, having root xylem and phloem in a ring. Moreover, their Vascular bundles are scattered in the stem, their Leaf veins form a parallel pattern. And flower parts are in threes or multiples of threes. On the Other hand, Eudicots have cotyledons in seed and their Root phloem is between arms of xylem.Their Vascular bundles are formed in distinct rings with Leaf veins form a net pattern. Moreover, flower parts are in fours or fives and their multiples.

Answer:

Eudicot stems are characterized by presence of pith, vascular cambium and arrangement of vascular bundles in ring.

Explanation:

A eudicot stem is  microscopically distinguish from a monocot stem on the basis of following features:

1. Monocots stems are characterized by presence of scattered vascular bundles while the eudicot stem have the vascular bundles arranged in ring.  

2. Monocot stems do not have pith and vascular cambium which are present in eudicot stem.

Which statement describes the importance of the nitrogen cycle to living things check all that apply

Answers

It helps us survive       

Answers are: b) It help cells make protein ; c) It provides a form of usable nitrogen.

Nitrogen cycle is important for all living things as nitrogen is an important constituents of amino acids which makes protein, nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA, ATP and other compounds which are essential for life. During Nitrogen cycle, nitrogen is fixed into ammonia by bacteria. Ammonia is converted into nitrite and then to nitrate. Nitrate is the most usable form of nitrogen by plants. Animals feed on plants to get nitrogen. After death of plants and animals, they decomposed by bacteria and nitrogen is cycled back to atmosphere.

Choose three symbiotic partners—one that illustrates mutualism, one that illustrates commensalism, and one that illustrates parasitism. Write a short paragraph (2-4 sentences) for each of the three symbiotic partners you chose, explaining how symbiosis functions in the partnership.

Answers

The pharynx is a passageway that is common to the respiratory and digestive system. It connects nasal and oral cavity with the trachea and esophagus Oropharynx- ventral to the soft palate Nasopharynx-dorsal to the soft palate Laryngopharynx- caudal to the soft palate Define the pharynx and its parts Hard palate dorsally Tongue ventrally Teeth laterally and rostrally What structures outline the oral cavity proper? It is the space outside the teeth/gums and inside the lip/cheek What is the vestibule The palatoglossal arch divides the oropharynx and oral cavity. It is a mucosal fold that extends between the body and root of the tongue to the beginning to the soft palate. Identify the structure outlined in red. Which two structures does it separate? Palatine tonsil It is located in the tonsillar fossa in the oropharynx, caudal to the palatoglossal arch Identify the structure outlined in red The nasopharynx is part of the respiratory channel. Bounded rostrally by the choanae and ends at the palatopharyngeal arch which is at the caudal end of the soft palate. Red structure is the palatopharyngeal arch which extends caudally on each side from the caudal border of the soft palate to the dorsolateral wall of the laryngopharynx. It contains the opening to the auditory tube. It divides the nasopharynx and laryngopharynx. What are the boundaries of the nasopharynx (outlined in blue)? What is the structure outlined in red? Laryngopharynx It is caudal to the soft palate and dorsal to the larynx. This is the part where air from the nasopharynx crosses to reach the larynx and food and water from oropharynx cross over to reach the esophagus Red dotted line signifies air flow Identify the structure highlighted in blue. Describe its purpose and boundaries. What does the red dotted line signify?

9. _______ is a force of attraction that occurs between objects due to their mass. A. Magnetism B. Weight C. Deposition D. Gravity

Answers

Hey there!

Your answer is option "D."
Gravity is a force of attraction that occurs between objects due to their mass.
Gravity is why we are attracted to Earth, it pulls us to the ground.

Hope this helps you.
Have a great day!
Hello,

Here is your answer:

The proper answer to your question is option D "gravity". Gravity is what pulls a object to the ground once its dropped for example if you drop a bowling ball it will hit the ground fast and hard because of its weight (mass) but if you drop the bowling ball in space where there's less gravity it will hit the moon less faster then it will hit the ground on Earth because of how there's not a lot of gravity!

Your answer is D.

If you need anymore help feel free to ask me!

Hope this helps!

Mendel formed a possible explanation for the outcomes he observed in pea plants. Mendel formed a theory law hypothesis.

Answers

Mendel formed a possible explanation for the outcomes he observed in pea plants. Mendel formed a "Hypothesis". 

Herbicides are being used to kill weeds in a nearby field. The plants absorb the herbicides from the soil. Which organelle in the plant will most likely store the absorbed herbicide waste?

Answers

Vacuole organelle in the plant will most likely store the absorbed herbicide waste.

The process that facilitates herbicide uptake is simple diffusion. When the spray lands on the leaf surface it places a high concentration of chemicals on the leaf surface and no herbicides inside the leaf. Some are channeled, and others are considered contact herbicides that do not migrate much from the absorption site.

Herbicides tend to act fairly quickly. Translocated herbicides migrate through the xylem or phloem. Herbicides must have damaged the cell walls, as they are responsible for supporting and maintaining cell integrity. Herbicides are specifically designed to minimize plant diversity by controlling weeds and promoting monocultures, thus indirectly reducing the abundance and diversity of associated soil organisms. Not only can it reduce the natural input of soil organic matter.

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How can pesticide use be harmful to human agriculture?
a.
The loss of beneficial microfauna can reduce soil productivity.
b.
Pesticides eliminate harmful insect pests.
c.
Pesticides target the elimination of beneficial soil microflora.
d.
The use of pesticides kills all soil microflora and microfauna.

Answers

The Answer is (A) 
Because the pesticide will kill off the bugs and weeds but will damage the soil so after the crops you have in the ground now just will not grow there again until 1 year after the pesticide has washed away
hope I helped
the answer should be A....

Why is the ability to use creativity an advantage when attempting to find answers to old problems?

Answers

the scientist finds it easier to design a new experiment to test a hypothesis. 
Thinking outside of the box and applying new strategies is always helpful when solving problems.

Hope this helps!

-Payshence xoxo

which zone of the ocean is also known as the midnight zone?

Answers

The bathypelagic, also known as Bathyal Zone, or the Aphotic Zone
The answer is Bathypelahic

Assume that a recessive allele (f) is associated with a severe language disorder. An unaffected male wants to determine the genotypes of his wife, his parents, and himself. His mother has the language disorder. Neither he nor his wife has the language disorder, but one of their five children does. What is the genotype for each individual?

Answers

His mother has the language disorder but he doesn't have the language disorder. That means the disease must be recessive and he must carry 1 defect gene. So the male would be heterozygous. His father could be heterozygous or homozygous dominant.

A recessive gene only expressed with 2 alleles, 1 from both parents. One of their five children does. His child that has the disease should get it from his gene and his wife gene. So, his wife at least has 1 defect gene. Since his wife is normal, then she must be heterozygous.

which substance is the most acidic? sodium hydroxide, tomato juice, lemon juice or water?

Answers

I believe it would be C.) Lemon juice because it has the lowest ph, meaning it is very acidic.

I believe it is Lemon juice. It has a lot of acid in it.

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