How many milliliters of a 0.7% stock solution are required to make 2 l of 0.2% solution? how many ml of solvent will be required to carry out the dilution?

To calculate molality, divide the moles of solute by the kilograms of solvent. To calculate molarity, divide the moles of solute by the liters of solution. Consider the dissociation of ionic solutes when assessing boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.

To find the molality of a solution, you can calculate it using the number of moles of solute and the mass of the solvent in kilograms. Molality (m) is defined as the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent, and the equation is: m = moles of solute / kilograms of solvent.

To find the molarity of a solution, you need to know the number of moles of solute and the volume of the solution in liters. The molarity (M) is the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, and the equation is: M = moles of solute / liters of solution.

When comparing different solutions, the molality can be used to determine the effect on boiling point and freezing point. If the solute is ionic, you should consider the number of particles it dissociates into, as this affects the total concentration of particles in solution. For example, in boiling point elevation and freezing point depression calculations, you can use the relevant equations to find the molality of a solution and from there find other properties like the molar mass of the solute.

A. Protons

Carbon contains all atoms that have 6 protons and 6 electrons.

The term element refers to atoms that have the same number of protons. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

Protons may be defined as the type of subatomic particles which are significantly present within the nucleus of a chemical element along with neutrons. These subatomic particles are positively charged in nature. Ernest Rutherford was thought to be the discoverer of these particles.

According to the modern periodic table, chemical elements are arranged in their increasing order of atomic number where an atomic number is demonstrated by the number of protons which are unique for each element. These elements have atoms that possess an identical number of protons.

Therefore, the term element refers to atoms that have the same number of protons. Thus, the correct option for this question is A.

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Answer: option d. the intermolecular forces of the substance get stronger.

Justification:

1) The heat of vaporization is the heat required by a substance to overcome the intermolecular forces in the liquid state and pass to gas state.

2) From that, you can directly predict that the stronger the intermolecular forces the higher the heat of vaporization.

3) Graphycally that will be translated in a longer segment: the horizontal axis is time and the greater the heat of vaporization the longer the time needed.

Answer:

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Explanation:

The concentration of hydrogen fluoride after addition of 5.00 mL of 0.0100 M HCl to 25.0 mL of solution of fluoride ions and hydrogen fluoride is [tex]\boxed{0.107{\text{ M}}}[/tex].

Further Explanation:

Different concentration terms are utilized in determining the concentration of various solutions. Some of the most commonly used terms are written below.

1. Molarity (M)

2. Mole fraction (X)

3. Molality (m)

4. Parts per million (ppm)

5. Mass percent ((w/w) %)

6. Volume percent ((v/v) %)

Molarity is one of the concentration terms used very often in solutions. It is defined as moles of solute present in one litre of solution. The formula to calculate molarity of solution is as follows:

[tex]{\text{Molarity of solution}} = \dfrac{{{\text{Moles }}\left( {{\text{mol}}} \right){\text{of solute}}}}{{{\text{Volume }}\left( {\text{L}} \right){\text{ of solution}}}}[/tex]                                     …… (1)

Rearrange equation (1) to calculate moles of solute.

[tex]{\text{Moles of solute}} = \left( {{\text{Molarity of solution}}} \right)\left( {{\text{Volume of solution}}} \right)[/tex]                    …… (2)

Substitute 0.0100 M for molarity of solution and 5.0 mL for volume of solution in equation (2) to calculate moles of HCl.

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles of HCl}} &= \left( {0.0100{\text{ M}}} \right)\left( {5.0{\text{ mL}}}\right)\left( {\frac{{{{10}^{ - 3}}{\text{ L}}}}{{{\text{1 mL}}}}} \right) \\&= 0.00005{\text{ mol}} \\\end{aligned}[/tex]  

Substitute 0.126 M for molarity of solution and 25.0 mL for volume of solution in equation (2) to calculate moles of HF.

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles of HF}} &= \left( {0.126{\text{ M}}} \right)\left( {25.0{\text{ mL}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{{{10}^{ - 3}}{\text{ L}}}}{{{\text{1 mL}}}}} \right) \\&= 0.00315{\text{ mol}} \\\end{aligned}[/tex]  

Number of moles of HF after addition of HCl can be calculated as follows:

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Moles of HF}} &= 0.00315{\text{ mol}} + 0.00005{\text{ mol}} \\&= {\text{0}}{\text{.0032 mol}} \\\end{galigned}[/tex]  

The total volume of solution is calculated as follows:

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Total volume of solution}} &= {\text{5}}{\text{.0 mL}} + 25.0{\text{ mL}} \\&={\text{30}}{\text{.0 mL}} \\\end{aligned}[/tex]  

Substitute 0.0032 mol for the moles of solute and 30.0 mL for volume of solution in equation (1) to calculate the concentration or molarity of HF solution.

[tex]\begin{aligned}{\text{Molarity of solution}} &= \left( {\frac{{{\text{0}}{\text{.0032 mol}}}}{{{\text{30}}{\text{.0 mL}}}}} \right)\left( {\frac{{1{\text{ mL}}}}{{{{10}^{ - 3}}{\text{ L}}}}} \right) \\&= 0.107{\text{ M}} \\\end{aligned}[/tex]  

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Answer details:

Grade: Senior School

Subject: Chemistry

Chapter: Concentration terms

Keywords: concentration, concentration terms, HF, HCl, 0.107 M, 25.0 mL, molarity, moles, volume, 30.0 mL, 5.0 mL, 0.126 M, 0.0032 mol, 0.00005 mol, 0.00315 mol.

According to research, maltose is a disaccharide made of only glucose molecules.

It is a moderately sweet disaccharide formed from two glucose units connected by an α bond.

This biomolecule made up of two monosaccharides is the first product obtained during the digestion of starch by alpha-amylase, and is then broken down and transformed into glucose.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to research, maltose is a disaccharide made of only glucose molecules.

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The minimum amount of carbohydrates needed daily can vary from person to person depending on factors such as age, sex, activity level, and overall health.

However, in general, the recommended daily intake of carbohydrates is approximately 130 grams per day according to the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) guidelines established by the Institute of Medicine. This recommended intake is based on the principle that carbohydrates are a primary source of energy for the body, especially for the brain and central nervous system.

It's important to note that not all carbohydrates are created equal, and a balanced diet should include a variety of carbohydrates from sources like fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and legumes, as they provide essential nutrients and dietary fiber. Individual requirements may vary, so it's advisable to consult with a healthcare professional or registered dietitian to determine the appropriate carbohydrate intake for specific dietary needs and health goals.

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Final answer:

Dalton's Atomic Theory initially proposed that atoms cannot be divided, but further advancements in modern atomic theory revealed the existence of subatomic particles. J. J. Thomson's discovery of electrons reshaped the understanding of atomic structure.

Explanation:

Dalton's Atomic Theory first stated the concept that atoms cannot be divided. However, we now know that atoms are composed of subatomic particles - protons, neutrons, and electrons - leading to the discovery that atoms are divisible.

Contrary to Dalton's belief, atoms are not indivisible as he proposed. Subsequent experiments led to the identification of these subatomic particles, marking a significant advancement in modern atomic theory.

J. J. Thomson discovered electrons through his research on cathode rays, contributing to the understanding that atoms are composed of smaller elements beyond what Dalton originally theorized.

The element which have 6 valence electrons belongs to the 16th group in periodic table which is called as the oxygen family.

Periodic table is the classification of elements based on their properties into different rows and columns. The horizontal rows in the table is called periods and the vertical columns are called groups.

There are 7 periods and 18 groups in periodic table. From the left to right in a row, the atomic number increases.  A group in periodic table contains elements with same valence electrons and similar physical and chemical properties.

The group number is equal to the number of valence electrons for first and second group. From 3 valence electrons, the group number is  10 added to the number of valence electrons.

Therefore, the group in which an element with 6 valence electrons is placed is 16th group.

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Your question is incomplete, but your complete question probably was:

An element has six valence electrons available for bonding. Which group of the periodic table does this element most likely belong to?

Final answer:

Alchemists contributed to the development of modern chemistry by explaining changes to matter, developing practical equipment, and analyzing the relationship between gas pressure and volume.

Explanation:

Alchemists contributed to the development of modern chemistry in several ways:

6.02 x 1022 molecules of HCl (molecular weight = 36.5 g/mole) in 2.0 liters of water. Therefore, M = 0.05

The SI unit for measuring the quantity of any substance would be the mole, abbreviated as mol.

Given data:

Number of molecule = 6.02 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex] molecules

Molecular weight = 36.5 g/mole

Moles = 6.02 x [tex]10^{22}[/tex]  / 6.02 x [tex]10^{23}[/tex] = 0.1mol

Hence, M = 0.1 /2 = 0.05

Therefore, M = 0.05

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