Immunological memory accounts for the adaptive immune system's rapid and efficient response to previously encountered pathogens. Memory cells initiated by an initial encounter persist in the body and provide a quicker, stronger response in case of reinfection.
Explanation:Immunological memory is a fundamental feature of the adaptive immune system that accounts for the rapid and efficient response of the immune system to pathogens that the body has previously encountered. This heightened response is what underlies the principle of vaccination. When the immune system first encounters a pathogen, it mounts a primary immune response. After clearing the infection, a small number of the activated cells (called memory cells) persist in the body. These memory cells can recognize the same pathogen if the body encounters it again, and can initiate a faster and stronger immune response (secondary immune response) compared to the primary response. This is the reason why reinfections are generally milder or even asymptomatic.
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Immunological memory is the capability of the adaptive immune system to mount a faster and stronger response when reintroduced to a previously encountered pathogen. This is facilitated by memory cells that remembered the specific antigens from the primary immune response. Upon re-exposure, these cells rapidly react, often nullifying the pathogen before disease symptoms manifest.
Explanation:Immunological memory accounts for the ability of the adaptive immune system to mount a stronger and faster response upon re-exposure to a pathogen. This happens due to the development of memory cells during a primary immune response, a phenomenon managed by the adaptive immune system with minimal reliance on cues from the innate response. During this primary response, B and T cells mature into effector cells, and a subset of the naive populations differentiates into B and T memory cells with the same antigen specificities. Therefore, subsequent exposure to the same pathogen provokes a quick, powerful response by these memory cells, often overwhelming the pathogen before it can cause symptoms of disease.
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An inherited characteristic that, through natural selection, increases in a population because it helps to solve a survival problem at the time it emerges is called
During which period did the presence of stromatolites decline?
As materials move from higher to lower concentration what is occurring
The region of the brain responsible for emotion, speech and motor function is the ________.
The consequences of particular diseases are features of _____.
What gas is primarily responsible for recent global warming?
What structure is highly vascular and closely adheres to the surface of the brain?
Pia mater
Pia mater is a highly vascular tissue that cleaves firmly to the surface of the brain and spinal cord. Pia mater protects the central nervous system by nourishing the brain and allowing blood vessels to pass through it. The inflammation of the pia mater can lead to meningitis"what happens to ventilation at sub-maximal exercise at altitude?"
what muscle is responsible for inflation and deflation of the lungs
Several geologic phenomena are being studied as signs of an impending volcanic eruption. these include ground deformation, _______________, and the release of gases. pyroclastic flows magma composition lava flows seismic waves
Final answer:
Several geologic phenomena are being studied as signs of an impending volcanic eruption. these include ground deformation, increased seismic activity, and the release of gases.
Explanation:
Geologists monitor several phenomena to predict when a volcanic eruption is imminent. Monitoring involves detecting signs such as increased seismic activity, changes in gas emissions, and ground deformation. These are indicative of magma movement beneath the Earth's surface, which often precedes an eruption. Seismic waves especially, play a critical role in volcanic monitoring. An increase in earthquake frequency and intensity, with possible harmonic tremors, signifies that magma is on the move. Instruments like seismographs and GPS units, along with tiltmeters, are essential tools used by geologists to detect these changes and assess the potential for an eruption.
A period of time during which a person infected with hiv has no symptoms
Overinflated tires and underinflated tires can both cause __________.
Overinflated tires and underinflated tires can both cause tire wear. Answer: tire tread wear.
Over time, overinflated tires lead to excessive inner tire tread wear, decreasing the overall lifespan of tires. An overinflated tire is more like to burst.
An underinflated tire is more like to roll The tire pressure is too low, and too much of the tire is in contact with the road. The underinflated tires generate heat, causes internal friction in the tire causing premature outer tread wear.
C. reduced tread wear (DriversEd.com)
If water were flowing from area a to area b via osmosis, through a semipermeable membrane, we might expect area b to be ________ in solute concentration compared to
a.
Final answer:
Area B would have a higher solute concentration compared to area A if water were to flow from area A to area B through a semipermeable membrane via osmosis, as water moves towards the hypertonic side to balance concentration levels.
Explanation:
If water were flowing from area A to area B via osmosis, through a semipermeable membrane, we might expect area B to be higher in solute concentration compared to area A.
Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane down its concentration gradient. This means that water moves from an area where it is more concentrated to an area where it is less concentrated, in an attempt to equalize concentration levels on both sides of the membrane. If the solute cannot pass through the membrane, but water can, then water will move towards the side with the higher solute concentration in an effort to balance out the difference in water concentration. This side is typically referred to as hypertonic.
For example, imagine two sugar-water solutions of different concentrations, separated by a membrane that allows the passage of water but not sugar. Osmosis will cause water to move towards the higher sugar concentration, effectively diluting that solution until the osmotic pressure is balanced by the back pressure.
An unlearned behavior directly linked to a stimulus that is carried to completion once initiated and is essentially unchangeable is _____. see concept 51.1 (page 1138)
A fixed action pattern is a behavior that is carried out to completion once started, regardless of changes in the original stimulus and the sequence is unchangeable. The unlearned behavior of fixed action patterns are triggered by a type of external stimulus that start off a particular organism.
Which structure is an example of a hinge joint?
Answer:
Ankle joint, Knee joint, elbow joints are examples of hinge joints.
Explanation:
Joints are the connection between the two bones. These are joined by a ligament. There are different types of joints. Hinge joints are coming under the freely movable joints / synovial joints.
Hinge means the hinges of the door. Such types of joints can move on a single plane around a transverse axis. The joint cavity is filled with synovial fluid.
This type of joints, bones are linked with each other like a hinge. Hinge joints are also called as ginglymus joints. e.g. Ankle, Knee, and elbow.
What are the dangers of snake bites
Once the chyme begins to enter the duodenum, it must first be _____ before any of the enzymes in the pancreatic juices can be activated.
Once the chyme begins to enter the duodenum, it must first be Neutralized before any of the enzymes in the pancreatic juices can be activated.
Explanation:
Chyme or chymus is the semi-liquid mass of halfway processed sustenance that is excreted by the stomach, through the pyloric valve, into the duodenum. Chyme results from the mechanical and compound breakdown of a bolus and comprise of incompletely processed sustenance, water, hydrochloric acid, and different stomach related catalysts.
Chyme gradually goes through the pyloric sphincter and into the duodenum, where the extraction of supplements starts. With a pH of roughly 2, chyme rising up out of the stomach is exceptionally acidic. The duodenum secretes a hormone, cholecystokinin (CCK), which makes the nerve bladder contract, discharging antacid bile into the duodenum.
The duodenum is a short segment of the small digestive tract situated between the stomach and the small digestive system. The duodenum additionally creates the hormone secretion to invigorate the pancreatic emission of a lot of sodium bicarbonate, which at that point raises pH of the chyme to 7 and this process is called as neutalization of chyme.
A warmer object radiates ___________ energy compared to a cooler object.
a) more
b) less
c) the same amount of
Answer: More
Explanation:
A warmer object radiates more energy than the cooler objects. This is because the hotter objects have more vibrating particles.
The particles vibrate because of the kinetic energy that is more in heated objects as compared to the cooler objects.
When an object is heated the particles inside it starts heating and attains more energy as compared to the cooler objects.
Hence, the correct answer is Option A
"motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with what types of cellular structures?"
The motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with the COMPONENTS OF THE CYTOSKELETON.
The components of the cytoskeleton include microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments. Some motor proteins include myosin, kinesin and dynein.Microfilaments and microtubules of the cytoskeleton act as routes for the movement of motor proteins.These motor proteins require energy in form of ATP to “walk along” microfilaments and microtubules.In conclusion, motor proteins provide for molecular motion in cells by interacting with the COMPONENTS OF THE CYTOSKELETON.
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How the circulatory system works with the digestive system to maintain homeostasis?
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients which are then transported by the circulatory system to our cells. The circulatory system then removes waste products from the cells and carries them back to the digestive system for excretion. This how the two systems maintain homeostasis in our body.
Explanation:The circulatory system and the digestive system work in tandem to maintain homeostasis in the body. The digestive system breaks down the food we consume into nutrients, which are then absorbed into the blood. This blood, rich with nutrients, is transported by the circulatory system to all cells in our body. In return, waste products are removed from the cells by the circulatory system and transported back to the digestive system for excretion. In this way, both the circulatory and digestive systems work together to keep our body stable and functioning properly.
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He peppered moth provides a well-known example of natural selection. the light-colored form of the moth was predominant in england before the industrial revolution. in the mid-nineteenth century, a dark-colored form appeared. the difference is produced by a dominant allele of one gene. by about 1900, approximately 90% of the moths around industrial areas were dark colored, whereas light-colored moths were still abundant elsewhere. apparently, birds could readily find the light moths against the soot-darkened backgroun
A. Dark moths had a survival disadvantage in industrial Dorset.
Tyler wants to know how the growth of tomato plants is affected by the quantities of various gases in the atmosphere. What type of scientific investigation should Tyler conduct in order to accurately answer his question through direct observations? A. Tyler should research tomato plants on the internet. B. Tyler should grow tomato plants in his back yard. C. Tyler should ask a professional gardener about tomato plants. D. Tyler should perform a controlled experiment.
Answer:
The correct answer is D. Tyler should perform a controlled experiment.
Altering the shape of the lens to enable light to focus on the retina is called:
_____________ are the tiny areas at the tip of chromosomes that grow shorter each time a cell divides and eventually disappear, ending cell replication.
The __________ of the brain is the location of our conscious mind.
a. diencephalon
b. cerebral cortex
c. cerebellum
d. brain stem
Geographers oppong and kalipeni look to colonial labor structures as having a strong role in the rapid spread of hiv/aids. this is the __________ thesis.
On which cell types do antibodies exist as transmembrane proteins?
The stem is responsible for providing support to the plant. A is a type of stem that grows underground. It’s capable of asexual reproduction and food.
The rhizome is a specialized underground stem that facilitates asexual reproduction, nutrient storage, and plant expansion. Its ability to perform these functions makes it a crucial adaptation for survival and growth in various plant species. The correct answer is A. Rhizome.
The stem plays a crucial role in plant structure and function, providing support and transportation of nutrients.
Among the specialized types of stems, the rhizome stands out as an underground stem that performs multiple functions such as asexual reproduction and food storage.
Rhizomes are horizontal, underground stems that typically grow horizontally, allowing plants to spread and colonize new areas. They play a vital role in asexual reproduction by producing new shoots and roots from nodes along their length.
This ability enables plants to propagate and expand their populations rapidly, especially in favorable environmental conditions.
Additionally, rhizomes serve as storage organs for carbohydrates and other essential nutrients. During periods of dormancy or unfavorable conditions, such as winter or drought, plants can rely on the stored energy within rhizomes to sustain growth and survival until conditions improve.
One of the most notable examples of plants with rhizomes is bamboo. Bamboo rhizomes spread extensively underground, enabling the rapid growth and proliferation of bamboo forests. Other examples include ginger, turmeric, and some species of grasses.
The correct answer is A. Rhizome.
Complete question
The stem is responsible for providing support to the plant. ________ is a type of stem that grows underground. It’s capable of asexual reproduction and food storage.
A) Rhizome
B) Stolon
C) Tuber
D) Bulb
Why is a larger nucleus generally less stable than a smaller nucleus?
The diploid number of chromosomes in dogs is 78. how many chromosomes would you find in a dog egg cell?