In the Mundell–Fleming model with floating exchange rates, explain what happens to aggregate income, the exchange rate, and the trade balance when the money supply is reduced. What would happen if exchange rates were fixed rather than floating?

Answers

Answer 1
Answer: In the Mundell–Fleming model, an increase in taxes shifts the IS* curve to the left. If the exchange rate floats freely, then the LM* curve is unaffected. The exchange rate falls while aggregate income remains unchanged. The fall in the exchange rate causes the trade balance to increase. Now suppose there are fixed exchange rates. When the IS* curve shifts to the left in the figure below, the money supply has to fall to keep the exchange rate constant, shifting the LM* curve from LM*1 to LM*2. Output falls while the exchange rate remains fixed. Net exports can only change if the exchange rate changes or the net exports schedule shifts. Neither occurs here, so net exports do not change. We conclude that in an open economy, fiscal policy is effective at influencing output under fixed exchange rates but ineffective under floating exchange rates.

Related Questions

What areas in your life does politics play an important role?

Answers

Answer:

sorry can't answer that cause thats personally you

Explanation:

Explain the differences between civil and criminal trials and the participants in each. Your response should be at least 200 words.

Answers

Answer:

The American legal system addresses the wrongdoings that people commit with two different types of cases: civil and criminal. Crimes are generally offenses against the state (even if the immediate harm is done to an individual), and are accordingly prosecuted by the state. Civil cases on the other hand, typically involve disputes between individuals regarding the legal duties and responsibilities they owe to one another. These cases are adjudicated through civil lawsuits. Although there is some overlap, there are several ways in which you can tell the differences between a criminal case and a civil case.

Criminal Case vs. Civil Case: Distinctions

Here are some of the key differences between a criminal case and a civil case:

Crimes are considered offenses against the state, or society as a whole

Criminal offenses and civil offenses are generally different in terms of their punishment

The standard of proof is also very different in a criminal case versus a civil case

Criminal cases almost always allow for a trial by jury

A defendant in a criminal case is entitled to an attorney

The protections afforded to defendants under criminal law are considerable

Crimes are Offenses Against the State

That means that even though one person might murder a particular person, the murder itself is considered an offense to everyone in society. Accordingly, crimes against the state are prosecuted by the state, and the prosecutor (not the victim) files the case in court as a representative of the state. If it were a civil case, then the wronged party would file the case.

Differences in Punishment

Civil cases generally only result in monetary damages or orders to do or not do something, known as injunctions. Note that a criminal case may involve both jail time and monetary punishments in the form of fines. In general, because criminal cases have greater consequences - the possibility of jail and even death - criminal cases have many more protections in place and are harder to prove.

The Standard of Proof

Crimes must generally be proved "beyond a reasonable doubt", whereas civil cases are proved by lower standards of proof such as "the preponderance of the evidence" (which essentially means that it was more likely than not that something occurred in a certain way). The difference in standards exists because civil liability is considered less blameworthy and because the punishments are less severe.

Jury Trials

Criminal cases almost always allow for a trial by jury. Civil cases do allow juries in some instances, but many civil cases will be decided by a judge.

The Right to an Attorney

A defendant in a criminal case is entitled to an attorney, and if they can't afford one, the state must provide an attorney. Defendants in a civil case don't have the right to an attorney, so if they can't afford one, they'll have to represent themselves.

Defendant's Rights and Protection

The protections afforded to defendants under criminal law are considerable (such as the protection against illegal searches and seizures under the Fourth Amendment). Many of these well known protections aren't available to a defendant in a civil case.

The Same Conduct Can Result in Civil and Criminal Liability

Although criminal and civil cases are treated very differently, many people often fail to recognize that the same conduct can result in both criminal and civil liability. Perhaps one of the most famous examples of this is the OJ Simpson trial. The same conduct led to a murder trial (criminal) and a wrongful death trial (civil).

In part because of the different standards of proof, there wasn't enough evidence for a jury to decide that OJ Simpson was guilty "beyond a reasonable doubt" in the criminal murder case. In the civil trial, however, the jury found enough evidence to conclude that OJ Simpson wrongfully caused his wife's death by a "preponderance of the evidence".

Get Legal Help to Better Understand Criminal Cases vs. Civil Cases

As noted, there are times when you can be exposed to both criminal and civil liability for the same act. However, only criminal charges can result in a prison sentence. That's why it's important to contact an experienced criminal defense attorney if you've been charged with a crime to evaluate the evidence in your case and to ensure that all of your rights are protected.

Explanation:

Answer:

A civil trial is when a person or entity sues somebody for one or more reasons. For example, a person can be civilly sued if they cause a car crash, and cause injuries. Civil lawsuits can be brought in both state and federal court, individuals, corporations, or governments can bring civil lawsuits against persons or entities for violating civil or constitutional rights. An example of this would be somebody suing somebody else for not fulfilling a contract.

A criminal trial is generally charged in a formal accusation called an "indictment". The government, on behalf of the people of The United States, will prosecute this case through the United States Attorney Office if this person committed a federal crime. State's Attorney Offices handle state crimes. An example of this could be somebody committing a violent crime that results in the deaths or harm of others. In instances like this, it is typically up to the government to bring charges against this person, not the victims.

Explanation:

Which of the following is something prints found on a crime scene must have in order to be of evidentiary value? *
Full print
Minutiae
Level three details
Loop

Answers

Full print because is you notice a full print you can see clearly who the person actually was that created the scene .

Of all the safeguards added to our higher-denomination currency, which do you consider the most important and why?

Answers

Answer:

The most important security measure of the 100 dollar bill in its 2013 series is the EURion Constellation, because it provides security against counterfeiting of banknotes through digital printing that cannot be reproduced by conventional printers, not even if these are of high quality or advanced technology. In this way, only banknotes printed in the Federal Reserve can reproduce this pattern, with which its legitimacy is immediately verified.

Other protections, such as watermarks or the plastic security band, also help to increase the security of the ticket, but none achieves this in the same proportion as the EURion Constellation.

Determine if the statement is true or false.

Periods of major change lead to social disorganization that in turn lowers the crime rate, according to social ecological theory.

Answers

Answer:

False

Explanation:

Social disorganization is a theoretical perspective that explains ecological differences in levels of crime based on structural and cultural factors shaping the nature of the social order across communities. This approach narrowed the focus of earlier sociological studies on the covariates of urban growth to examine the spatial concentration and stability of rates of criminal behavior. According to the social disorganization framework, such phenomena are triggered by the weakened social integration of neighborhoods because of the absence of self-regulatory mechanisms, which in turn are due to the impact of structural factors on social interactions or the presence of delinquent subcultures.

Hope this helps....please vote with thanks

What is a piece of land surrounded by water on three sides?

Answers

Answer:

A peninsula 

Explanation:

A peninsula is land that is surrounded by water on 3 sides.

Answer:

Isthmus is a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas, usually with water on either side. A peninsula is a piece of land that is almost surrounded by water but connected to mainland (via an isthmus). So a peninsula is often defined as land surrounded by water on three sides

Explanation:

Imagine that you are the owner of a farm in North Carolina. This farm uses creek water that has passed through an adjacent plot of land. On this plot of land is a power plant that uses the creek water as a coolant. Although the water is not otherwise polluted by its use at the power plant, it does return to the stream at a greater temperature. You suspect that the increased water temperature affects your crop yield, and you have had an independent agency verify this suspicion scientifically. Now, you want to see legislation enacted that protects your farm from water that has had its temperature significantly altered. What should be your first step in seeking to see such a law enacted? To which level of government should you appeal? If this first step is successful, what happens next?

Answers

Answer:

In my opinion, you would need to contact your state representatives assuming the creek is not tied to any federal land or water in which case you would need to contact your representative in Washington D.C.

Explanation:

If this is successful ask for there assistance in drafting a bill that will hopefully become a law that will address your concerns about use of the creek water by the company.

Final answer:

The first step in seeking legislation to protect your farm from water with significantly altered temperatures is to contact your state legislators and present the issue, as environmental regulations are often governed at the state level. If successful at the state level, the proposed legislation would proceed through committees for further review, potentially leading to broader legislative support and enactment.

Explanation:

Environmental regulations, such as restrictions on water temperature from power plants, are typically addressed at the state and federal levels. Because your farm is directly impacted by a state-related issue, you should appeal to your state government by reaching out to your local representatives. Provide them with the scientific evidence collected by the independent agency. Collecting support from the community, such as other farmers and local environmental groups, can also strengthen your case. If your initial approach is successful, the next steps would involve bill drafting, committee reviews, and potentially adjustments before a vote is made to enact the regulation. Throughout this process, maintaining communication with your representatives and staying informed about the progress of the legislation would be crucial.

_____ will use a variety of methods to check your work for authenticity and make sure it’s your own.
A. FLVS staff
B. Your parent or guardian
C. FLHSMV employees
D. Your driving coach

Answers

The FLVS staff is the people that will check student work for authenticity and make sure it’s their own.

Who are the FLVS staff?

FLVS means a Florida Virtual School which is an e-learning school that teaches students in grades K-12.

The FLVS staff is synonymous to a school teacher.

The FLVS staff people ensured that the work of their student are authentic and free of plagiarism.

Therefore, the Option A is correct.

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Which of the following are true about becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States. Select all that apply

A. Must be either married to a U.S. citizen or related to one
B. Must be at least 21 years old and willing to serve in the military
C. Must pass a test to demonstrate knowledge of US history and civics
D. Must reside in the United States for one year and hold up a job
E. Must vote in all federal,state, and local elections

Answers

The United States can be joined as a naturalized citizen in options (a), (c), and (d).

must be related to or married to a citizen of the United States.has to pass an exam to prove they understand US history and civicsmust maintain employment and spend a year living in the United States.

In terms of attaining citizenship in the United States, what does naturalization actually entail?

Through the process of naturalization, a non-citizen may freely become a citizen of the US. Owe their country their allegiance and deserve its protection, citizens of the United States.

Which of the following is necessary to become a citizen of the United States?

The general rule is that you can become a citizen of the United States if you are at least 18 years old, have been a permanent resident for at least 5 years (or 3 years if you are married to a citizen), and meet all other requirements.

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Final answer:

Option C is correct: Applicants must pass a knowledge test on US history and civics to become a naturalized citizen of the United States. Other options listed do not correctly describe the requirements for naturalization.

Explanation:

Among the statements provided regarding becoming a naturalized citizen of the United States, option C is accurate. An applicant for naturalization must pass a test to demonstrate knowledge of US history and civics. This part of the process requires the applicant to answer questions from a test bank, and the passing score is 12 out of 20 questions correct.

It's important to clarify that the other options listed are not correct. Being married to a U.S. citizen or being related to one is not a mandatory requirement. Neither is a specific age of 21 or a requirement to serve in the military, and voting in all federal, state, and local elections is not a prerequisite for naturalization. The requirement is for an applicant to be at least 18 years old, to have been a lawful permanent resident (green card holder) for at least five years, and to have been physically present in the United States for at least 30 months, among other criteria.

According to the 22nd Amendment, a President can serve no more than ___ elected terms of ___ years each.
a
two, four

b
three, four

c
four, two

d
two, two

Answers

the answer is a, two, four
A -two ,four
A president serves 4 years each of a president choose to run for president again and get re-elected they would serve an additional 4 more years then they would be off the seat and we have a new president

Allen finds himself addicted to an illegal drug. Though he considers his crime harmless, his offense is considered a crime against ____________.
A.
himself
B.
society
C.
drugs
D.
family


Please select the best answer from the choices provided

A
B
C
D

Answers

Answer:

B. Society

Explanation:

I got A wrong on edg quiz. A crime is always considered harm against society.  Although crimes can be committed against individuals, a crime is always considered a crime against society.

Allen finds himself addicted to an illegal drug. Though he considers his crime harmless, his offence is considered a crime against society. The correct option is b.

What is a drug?

A drug is any chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's physiology or psychology when consumed. Drugs are typically distinguished from food and substances that provide nutritional support. Consumption of drugs can be via inhalation, injection, smoking, ingestion, absorption via a patch on the skin, suppository, or dissolution under the tongue.

In pharmacology, a drug is a chemical substance, typically of known structure, which, when administered to a living organism, produces a biological effect. A pharmaceutical drug also called a medication or medicine, is a chemical substance used to treat, cure, prevent, or diagnose a disease or to promote well-being. Traditionally drugs were obtained through extraction from medicinal plants, but more recently also by organic synthesis.

Pharmaceutical drugs may be used for a limited duration, or regularly for chronic disorders.

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Are there any powers or responsibilities that should be taken away from the president

Answers

As a US citizen I think that the public should be able to help vote for a lot of the other choices that the president makes as we don’t all get an option and it goes through a whole other system to be approved as I think that’s useful the public eyes view and help on making these official laws or what. Not would help dearly. I would take power away I would give more power to us as citizens so it’s a more fair go.

Answer:

well yes

Explanation:     PRESIDENT CANNOT . . .

declare war. decide how federal money will be spent. interpret laws. choose Cabinet members or Supreme Court Justices without Senate approval.

Which group was at the top of the social class in Rome

Answers

Answer:

patricians

Explanation:

The patricians were the wealthy upper class people. Everyone else was considered a plebeian. The patricians were the ruling class of the early Roman Empire. Only certain families were part of the patrician class and you had to be born a patrician.

i think its gladiator

                                                                         

The helicrews perform the tasks of hand crews in the most rugged and difficult terrain.
True or false

Answers

The answer is true .

As the eliquis perform the tasks of Henry's in the most rugged and difficult terrain .

Match the types of laws to their descriptions.
Intellectual property law, Corporate law, Education law, Immigration law

deals with the protection and enforcement
of patents, copyrights, inventions, trademarks,
and trade secrets.

deals with laws related to corporate formation,
management, and dissolution.

deals with the maintenance and regulation of public
and private schools.

deals with the regulation and control of people
who migrate to the United States.

(Answer is in the comments.)

Answers

Answer:

In explanation

Explanation:

1. Intellectual Property Law

2. Corporate Law

3. Education Law

4. Immigration law

Final answer:

Intellectual property law handles the enforcement of creators' rights over inventions, copyrights, and trademarks. Corporate law governs the formation and management of corporations. Education law oversees school regulations, and immigration law controls migration to the US.

Explanation:

The various types of laws mentioned are integral in ensuring that society operates smoothly within their respective realms. They protect rights, govern behavior, and maintain order. Matching each to its correct description:

Intellectual property law deals with the protection and enforcement of patents, copyrights, inventions, trademarks, and trade secrets.Corporate law deals with laws related to corporate formation, management, and dissolution.Education law deals with the maintenance and regulation of public and private schools.Immigration law deals with the regulation and control of people who migrate to the United States.

Intellectual property law ensures the rights of creators are protected. This has been a critical area of law which encompasses patents for inventions and copyrights for books, songs, and art. Internationally, organizations like WIPO work to harmonize these laws between countries.

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1. The number one cause of teen deaths is
A. Defensive Driving
B. Distracted Driving
C. Drugged Driving
D. Drunk Driving

Answers

Answer: distracted driving

Explanation:

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