________ is a compound produced by sponges that can kill ________.

Answers

Answer 1
1. Cribrostatin
2. Cancer cells 
Answer 2

Toxins is a compound produced by sponges that can kill predators

Sponges are fascinating marine creatures known for their filtering capabilities and unique adaptations. While most sponges are filter-feeders, relying on trapping bacteria and other food particles, there are also carnivorous species which feed primarily on tiny crustaceans through the use of sticky threads or hooked spicules. These can act as mechanical defenses, making sponges less palatable to potential predators. Additionally, some sponges host photosynthesizing micro-organisms as endosymbionts.

One compound that has been identified in some sponges, which has the potential to be useful in pharmacology, falls under the category of secondary plant compounds. While typically associated with plants, similar compounds can be found in various animals. In the case of sponges, these compounds can be toxic to predators, and, interestingly, some of them have shown potential as pharmaceuticals due to their bioactive properties.

Although the student's question is incomplete as it does not specify which compounds and what they may kill, secondary metabolites produced by sponges and their symbionts have been researched for their antimicrobial properties and could potentially be developed into drugs that can kill harmful bacteria, fungi, or even cancer cells.


Related Questions

Sienna decides to study movement in plants. Identify the correct sequence of the scientific steps, and place the steps in order. She developed a hypothesis that plants move toward light.Over six weeks, both plants grew toward their available light source. She put one plant near the window and another in a dark room with a small opening that let light come through.Every few days she checked the plants and recorded the direction of their growth.

Answers

1. She developed a hypothesis that plants move toward light. 
2. She put one plant near the window and another in a dark room with a small opening that let light come through. 
3. Every few days she checked the plants and recorded the direction of their growth. 
4. Over six weeks, both plants grew toward their available light source. 

I hope this helps. 

Have a nice day. 

brittle solid dull or shiny poor thermal conductor may conduct electricity ductile The properties listed here should be added to the section of the Venn diagram in the center, where you see the asterisk. What would be the title for this section? A) alloy B) metalloid C) faux metal D) rare Earth element

Answers

the answer is B) metalloid
The correct answer is B. Metalloid 

Hunter-gatherer societies had the benefit of _____.
A. knowledge of the environment
B. sophisticated tools
C. good farming techniques
D. their understanding of germs

Answers

A. knowledge of the enviroment.

Answer: A

Hunter gatherer societies had the benefit of knowledge about the environment. This society includes the obtaining food from collecting wild plants and wild animals. They follow the wild animals for meat. They do not have knowledge of agricultural practices. They do not rely on agricultural societies. They do not have any understanding about germs.

Hormones are secreted by exocrine glands directly into a body cavity or onto a body surface, rather than being transported by the blood. true or false?

Answers

Exocrine glands produce chemicals into ducts, which then deliver them to target tissues' surfaces. Therefore, the statement is true.

What are exocrine glands?

A gland that secretes fluids, such as sweat, tears, saliva, milk, and digestive juices, through a duct or aperture that leads to the surface of the body. Sweat glands, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, and digestive glands in the stomach, pancreas, and intestines are all examples of exocrine glands. Exocrine glands are found throughout the body.

Both the liver and the pancreas are examples of exocrine and endocrine glands. Exocrine glands discharge compounds into the gastrointestinal system via ducts, such as bile and pancreatic juice. Endocrine glands, on the other hand, secrete substances directly into the bloodstream.

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are sea slugs slowly becoming what they eat

Answers

Yes, sea slugs are slowly becoming what they eat.

The side chain of ________ has a pka in the physiological ph range and is therefore often involved in proton transfer during enzymatic catalysis.

Answers

The answer to this question is histidine. Histidine is an α-amino acid involved in the biosynthesis of proteins. The structure of histidine includes an α-amino acid, a carboxylic acid group, and an imidazole side chain. Histidine was initially thought to be essential only for infants; however, it has since been found to be essential for adults too.

Final answer:

Histidine, with a pKa of around 7, is the amino acid whose side chain is most often involved in proton transfer during enzymatic catalysis due to its ability to exist in both protonated and deprotonated forms at physiological pH.

Explanation:

The side chain of histidine has a pKa in the physiological pH range and is therefore often involved in proton transfer during enzymatic catalysis. The pKa of the protonated histidine residue is approximately 7, which allows histidine to exist in both protonated and deprotonated forms within physiological conditions. This unique property makes it an ideal candidate to act as proton donor-acceptor groups in the active sites of enzymes. Histidine is commonly found in such roles in biochemical reactions because enzymes rely on the specific protonation states of amino acid residues to properly function.

What would occur if you forgot to add dntps to your pcr sample?

Answers

No reaction would occur. because in PCR ,dNTP is crucial factor for polymerisation of primer . DAN polymerase bind to primer and template 

What does your data indicate about the rate of cell division in cancerous tissue compared to the rate of cell division in normal tissue? what data did you use to answer this question?

Answers

THE MITOTIC INDEX SHOWS THAT THE RATE OF CELL DIVISION IS INCRESED INCANCEROUS TISSUE

How many different types of transport tissues do plants have?

Answers

The answer is 2, plants have 2 types of transport tissues.

Which of these things is the most contaminated with bacteria?
Toilet seat.
Kitchen sink.

Answers

I believe that the most contaminated are is the kitchen sink. Researchers say that the sink can contain up to 100,000 times more bacteria than the toilet seat. This is because the sink is where everything is slopped in.The sink should be washed with hot water and disinfected regularly to kill the harmful bacteria.
Answer:

The most bacteria is present in kitchen sink.  

Explanation:

In the place of kitchen sink there is an amount of around 100,000 times more bacteria as in comparison with the toilet seat. You should wash away the sink from hot water use for killing away the bacteria.

Which biological molecule contains a large amount of the element nitrogen?

Answers

The macromolecule that contains lots of Nitrogen atoms within it would be Nucleic Acids, either DNA or RNA.

Answer:

the correct answer would be proteins !

Explanation:

Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are examples of rapid events that are caused by the movement of Earth's _______. Mountain building is a much more slow process, which is caused by the movement of Earth's _______.

Answers

1-plates     ........................................................                                            2-surface

Answer:

Crustal plates; crustal plates

Explanation:

Geology considers that the mountains are recent formations, so they did not suffer as much wear and tear through exogenous relief modification agents as the action of winds and rains. The mountains are commonly formed by the action of crustal plates (or tectonic plates), which collide and generate folds or uplifts on the surface.

Most volcanic eruptions and earthquakes are the result of tectonic plate movement. When they recede or collide, magma tends to rise in the case of volcanoes, or the earth tends to tremble in the case of earthquakes. Depending on the force of the pressure exerted, the volcano is "uncapped" and erupts.

which arrow on the illustration represent the largest reservoir of nitrogen on earth

Answers

The largest reservoir of Nitrogen on earth is THE ATMOSPHERE. Nitrogen found in the atmosphere is known to be the Dinitrogen gas (N₂), and it makes up as much as 78% of all the gases in the dry air (atmosphere).

So, whichever arrow points to the atmosphere is your right answer.

The most leaching of minerals occurs from the ____________________ horizon into the ____________________ horizon.

Answers

The  most  leaching  of  minerals  occurs  from   the Horizon A(the  top  layer)  into  the horizon  B(the  sublayer)  The  zone  B  which  is  commonly  referred   to  as   the  subsoil   layer   is  the  zone  of   accumulation  where  rain   water  percolating  through  the  soil  from  the  top  layer  and   it  is  precipitate  within   the  subsoil(horizon  B)

*For animal anatomy* The diaphragm is ______ to the stomach. a) dorsal b) rostral c) ventral d) cranial

Answers

Cranial.
If you need any help I'll be around
Final answer:

The correct anatomical term for the position of the diaphragm in relation to the stomach is dorsal, meaning it is nearer to the back or spine side of the body.

Explanation:

In terms of animal anatomy, the correct positional term for the relationship between the diaphragm and the stomach would be dorsal. The diaphragm is dorsal to the stomach. This means that the diaphragm is toward the back, or spine side of the body when compared to the position of the stomach. Other options like rostral, ventral and cranial don't correctly describe this anatomical relationship. Rostral refers to the towards the head end, ventral indicates towards the belly side and cranial refers to towards the skull or head.

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When it came to explaining the origins of variation within species, darwin?

Answers

had no idea of the true causes.

in most cases the individuals who possess favorable traits are more likely to survive

An established cereal manufacturer is being investigated by the ftc for claims that its oatmeal can repair damaged arteries and prevent heart disease. its executives are aware that if the claims are found to be false, the firm may receive the ftc's most severe penalty, which involves:

Answers

ordering corrective advertising. 

As humans have converted prairies to pastures and farms, prairie dogs have lost 98 percent of their habitat. Prairie dogs are the only food source for ferrets. What is likely to happen to ferrets if prairies continue to dwindle?
A. Ferrets are likely to become overpopulated.
B. Ferrets are likely to become extinct.
C. Ferrets are likely to become plant eaters.
D. Ferrets are likely to become farm animals.

Answers

B. ferrets are likely to become extinct.

The correct answer is option B, that is, ferrets are likely to become extinct.  

Ferrets are dependent completely on the prairie dogs for food and the construction of their homes. Thus, with the spontaneous loss of prairie dogs, the population of ferrets will also get a reduction. The black-foot ferret refers to a nocturnal stalker whose destiny is somewhat associated with that of the prairie dog. The ferrets feed on insects, mice, birds, ground squirrels, and it lives in the burrows built by prairie dogs, which are also its main prey.  

However because of the generation of pastures and farms, and massive hunting, and poisonous campaigns against the prairie dogs, which are the prime food source for ferrets are also making the ferret population to decline.  


Where is the start codon located? where is the start codon located? in the dna just upstream of where transcription starts at the upstream end of the 3' untranslated region (utr) at the downstream end of the 5' untranslated region (utr) at the very start (5' end) of the mrna?

Answers

The answer is 'at the very start (5' end) of the mrna. According to the central dogma, dna -> rna -> protein. messenger rna carries genetic code from dna to be translated into protein by the ribosome. One difference between Rna and dna is that rna has uracil while dna has thiamine bases. Therefore the start codon on mrna will be AUG rather ATG.

Which layer of the eye completely surrounds the eye except for a dark, round opening called the pupil?
A)sclera
B)cornea
C)retina
D)choroid

Answers

The answer is A, the sclera. The sclera is the whites of your eyes.

Answer:

A)sclera

Explanation:

According to the textbook, what role does the stomach play in feelings of hunger?
a. pressure receptors in the stomach walls signal fullness or emptiness.
b. fullness receptors and stomach contractions both play a role.
c. stomach contractions signal the brain that it is time to eat again.
d. pleasure receptors within the lower intestine, not the stomach walls, signal fullness or emptiness.

Answers

A. Pressure receptors in the stomach walls signal fullness or emptiness
Final answer:

The stomach contributes to feelings of hunger through both fullness receptors and stomach contractions. When these receptors are not activated, due to an empty stomach, the feeling of hunger is experienced. However, pleasurable receptors in the lower intestine do not contribute to the signal of hunger, rather they signal satisfaction after eating.

Explanation:

According to textbooks, the stomach plays a key role in the feelings of hunger via both fullness receptors and stomach contractions. When the stomach is empty, fullness receptors are not activated, which allows for the sensation of hunger. This is statement 'b' in your provided options. Additionally, physical stomach contractions also signal the brain that it's time to eat again, which can intensify feelings of hunger. The lower intestine does contain pleasurable receptors, but their role is mainly to signal satisfaction after eating, not hunger itself.

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Larry has an extremely stressful job and comes home every day with an upset stomach and a headache. he says he'll just have to deal with it for now, so he takes aspirin and stomach acid reducers on a daily basis. larry is in the ___________ stage of the general adaptation syndrome (gas).

Answers

that would be the resistance stage.

Answer:

resistance stage

Explanation:

Toxins like α-amanitin are used for research in much the same way as null mutants−to disrupt a process and see what happens when it no longer works. researchers examined the ability of α-amanitin to inhibit different rna polymerases. they purified rna polymerases i, ii, and iii from rat liver, incubated the enzymes with different concentrations of α-amanitin, and then tested their activity. the results of this experiment are shown below. these findings suggest that α-amanitin-treated cells will have reduced levels

Answers

The answer is reduced levels of mRNA synthesis. This is due to the fact that alpha-amanitin interferes with polymerase II that is involved in transcription of mRNA precursors.
The alpha-aminitin inhibits translocation of this polymerase from DNA after a transcription round. This therefore renders the enzyme unavailable for next transcription.
It also reduces the rate of translocation of the polymerase II along the DNA hence slows transcription.

The water lost during transpiration is a side effect of the plant's exchange of gases. however, the plant derives some benefit from this water loss in the form of question 7 options:
a.mineral transport
b.evaporative cooling
c.evaporative cooling and mineral transport
d.increased turgor save

Answers

c. evaporative cooling and mineral transport
Because the evaporating water draws base water upwards through xylem, dragging dissolved minerals upward too, and evaporation does remove heat from the leaf surface, similar to why we sweat to cool our skin

Explain why it is necessary to incorporate buffers into media in whcih micororagnisms are grown

Answers

Final answer:

Buffers are necessary in media for growing microorganisms because they help maintain a stable pH. By incorporating buffers into the media, researchers can create an environment that supports the growth of microorganisms by providing optimal pH conditions for their survival and reproduction.

Explanation:

Buffers are necessary in media for growing microorganisms because they help maintain a stable pH. Microorganisms have specific pH requirements for growth, and fluctuations in pH can hinder their growth or even kill them. Buffers act as chemical stabilizers, minimizing changes in pH by absorbing excess hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-).

For example, in bacterial culture media, buffers like phosphate buffer or Tris buffer are added to maintain the pH within the optimal range for bacterial growth, typically around neutral pH.

By incorporating buffers into the media, researchers can create an environment that supports the growth of microorganisms by providing optimal pH conditions for their survival and reproduction.

Structurally, vertebrae form __________ joints connected by intervertebral discs.

Answers

The answer is symphysis joints. To simplify, vertebrae form symphysis joints connected by intervertebral discs. A symphysis or as called as the fibrocartilaginous joint is a joint in which the body of one bone come across the body of another. Completely but two of the symphyses lies in the vertebral or spinal column and all but one comprise fibrocartilage as an essential tissue. The momentary joint among the two halves of the jawbone is named the symphysis menti and is the only symphysis lacking fibrocartilage. All of the other symphyses are stable.

In eukaryotes, the size of the primary transcript is generally ________ the gene in the template dna strand. see section 17.2 (page 353) .

Answers

In  eukaryotes,  the  size   of   the  primary  transcript   is   generally  of   the   same  length with  the   gene  in  the  template  DNA  strand.The  primary  transcript  is  an  exact   of  DNA   coding  sequence.  The  primary  transcript  is   synthesized  by  transcription  of  DNA  and   is  processed  to  yield  various  mature  RNA  product  such  as  m RNA  and t RNA

A sheet-like body that cuts across rock layers and produced when magma is injected into fractures is called a _____

Answers

The right answer is di-ke  (dy-ke).

A di-ke (or dy-ke) is a magmatic rock slide that has infiltrated a crack through different layers of rock.

The thickness of a dy-ke can vary from a few centimeters to a few tens of meters but its length can reach several kilometers.

With erosion, a dy-ke can be isolated from surrounding rocks and form a wall.

The right of workers to seek safety and health on the job without fear of punishment is spelled out in: A. Section 11 (c) of the OSH Act B. All state laws C. The General Duty Clause D. The Equal Employment and Opportunity Act

Answers

Answer:

Option A, Section 11 (c) of the OSH

Explanation:

In the Section Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 , also known as OSH Act employees are given protection against the termination of their job contract (job security on the mere issues of raising a health and safety issue with the employer or participating in inspection drill of OSHA, or complaining against the employer with OSHA team under the jurisdiction of OSHA Act.

Hence, option A is correct

In the deep waters of the ocean, coral reefs are found in abundance. Algae live on these coral reefs, providing nutrition and producing pigments that give color to the corals. The corals offer shelter to the algae. So, they share a association. Climate change has led to increased temperatures and has caused the corals to throw away the algae living inside them. This action causes the corals to be bleached because of a lack of pigment. This change will lead to . NextReset

Answers

The answer is Coral extinction. Extinction is a term that is a result to the excessive lost of organism. Coral reefs are from the shallow water corals that gro fast enough to build this huge population of reefs. They are from the single celled algae that were photosynthesized and passed to some of the food and give nutrients to algae.

In the deep waters of the ocean, coral reefs are found in abundance. Algae live on these coral reefs, providing nutrition and producing pigments that give color to the corals. The corals offer shelter to the algae. So, they share a mutualism  association. Climate change has led to increased temperatures and has caused the corals to throw away the algae living inside them. This action causes the corals to be bleached because of a lack of pigment. This change will lead to a decrease .

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