Answer:
When the fluid is forced to flow over a surface it is external forced convection. When the fluid is forced to flow in a tube it is Internal forced convection. It is possible to have both Internal and external convection simultaneously as is case of pipe transporting a fluid in a windy area.
Explanation:
A sample of a gas is contained in a closed rigid cylinder. According to the kinetic molecular theory, what occurs when the gas inside the cylinder is heated?
Answer:
When heating, the temperature is increased, therefore, the average kinetic energy is increased so the molecules will start moving more rapidly.
Explanation:
Hello,
Kinetic molecular theory is based on a series of specific statements:
- Gases are constituted by a raft of particles that are considered as both hard and spherical bodies under a state of constant and random movement.
- The particles are constantly moving in a straight line until they collide to each other or against walls of the container.
- There is no force of attraction nor repulsion among gas particles or among the particles and the walls of the container.
- Collisions are said to be perfectly elastic.
- The average kinetic energy of a raft of gas particles is temperature-dependent only.
- The higher the temperature the higher the average kinetic energy of the gas and the other way around.
In such a way, considering the last two statements, when heating, the temperature is increased, therefore, the average kinetic energy is increased so the molecules will start moving more rapidly in comparison to the initial state.
Best regards.
(-5)+(+7)-(-4) + (+12)
A 8
B 10
C 18
d 20
Answer:
C-18
Explanation:
Step one follow order of operations
Add and subtract from left to right(-5)+(7)=2-(-4)+(12)
STEP 2
Apply negative Rule -(-4)=+4=2+4+(12)
then add 2+4+12=18
Someone please help!!
During which phase does earth see more than half of the moons surface?
Answer:
waxing crescent phase
Answer:
Waxing crescent
Explanation:
because i got the question right
How many moles are in 36.0g of H20
Answer:
The answer to your question is 2 moles
Explanation:
Data
mass of H₂O = 36 g
moles of H₂O = ?
Process
1.- Calculate the molar mass of water (H₂O)
H₂O = (1 x 2) + (16 x 1) = 2 + 16 = 18 g
2.- Use proportions and cross multiplication to find the answer.
18 g of H₂O ---------------- 1 mol
36 g of H₂O --------------- x
x = (36 x 1) / 18
x = 36/18
x = 2 moles
[tex]C_{12}H_{22}O_{11}(aq) + H_2O(l) \rightarrow 2C_6H_{12}O_6(aq)[/tex]
The chemical equation shown above represents the hydrolysis of sucrose. Under certain conditions, the rate is directly proportional to the concentration of sucrose. Which statement supports how a change in conditions can increase the rate of this reaction?
a. Increasing the amount of water in which the sugar is dissolved will increase the frequency of collisions between the sucrose molecules and the water molecules resulting in an increase in the rate of hydrolysis.
b. Decreasing the temperature will increase the frequency of the collisions between the sucrose molecules and the water molecules resulting in an increase in the rate of hydrolysis.
c. Increasing the concentration of sucrose will increase the rate of hydrolysis by increasing the frequency of the collisions between the sucrose and the water molecules.
d. Decreasing the concentration of sucrose will increase the rate of hydrolysis by increasing the frequency of the collisions between the sucrose and the water molecules.
Answer:
a
Explanation:
How many moles of CH3OH are there in 43.7 mL of 0.400 M CH30
Answer:
0.0174 mol
Explanation:
Molarity is (moles of solute)/(liters of solvent). So, to find moles you need to multiply liters by molarity.
0.0437 L × 0.400 M = 0.0174 mol
The number of moles of CH₃OH present is 0.01748 mole
From the question,
We are to determine the number of moles of CH₃OH that are in 43.7 mL of 0.400 M CH₃OH
Using the formula
Number of moles = Concentration × Volume
From the question
Concentration of CH₃OH = 0.400 M
Volume of CH₃OH = 43.7 mL = 0.0437 L
∴ Number of moles of CH₃OH present = 0.400 × 0.0437
Number of moles of CH₃OH present = 0.01748 mole
Hence, the number of moles of CH₃OH present is 0.01748 mole
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2. How do chemical reactions involve energy?
Answer:Chemical reactions often involve changes in energy due to the breaking and formation of bonds. Reactions in which energy is released are exothermic reactions, while those that take in heat energy are endothermic. exothermicA description of a chemical reaction that releases heat energy to its surroundings.
A piece of iron with a mass of 56.2 grams is heated and placed into a calorimeter containing 93.64 grams of water at 7.0 degrees Celsius. The final temperature of the water and the iron is 90.5 degrees Celsius. Assuming no heat is lost to the surroundings, how much heat (in Joules) does the iron release? Round your answer to the nearest 0.1 Joules.
Answer:
[tex]Q_{iron} = -32730.083\,J[/tex]
Explanation:
By the First Law of Thermodynamics, the piece of iron and water reach thermal equilibrium when both have the same temperature. The heat released by the piece of iron is received by the water. That is to say:
[tex]Q_{iron} = -Q_{w}[/tex]
[tex]Q_{iron} = (93.64\,g)\cdot \left(4.186\,\frac{J}{kg\cdot ^{\textdegree}C} \right)\cdot (7\,^{\textdegree}C-90.5\,^{\textdegree}C)[/tex]
[tex]Q_{iron} = -32730.083\,J[/tex]
Michael drove 36 000 s at 65 km/hr. How far did Michael drive in meters? Show each step of the process and use correct significant digits and units in your final answer. You must write this out as one long calculation in order to get full marks. *
The Michael drove 648,000 m.
Explanation:
It is given that the time taken by Michael, that is t = 36000 s
Speed is nothing but distance traveled by the time taken in seconds. Its unit is m/s.
Here we have the speed in km/hr, we have to convert it to m/s as,
1 km = 1000 m
1 hr = 3600 s
So it is converted as,
[tex]$\frac{65 \times 1000}{3600}[/tex]
= 18 m/s
Now we have the speed in m/s.
18 m/s = [tex]$\frac{x m}{36000s}[/tex]
We can find the distance x as = 18 m/s ×36000 s = 648,000 m
So the Michael drive 648,000 m.
Drag the appropriate labels to their respective targets. use only pink labels for pink targets and gray labels for gray targets. resethelp more nucleophilic than less nucleophilic than about as nucleophilic as s is smaller than o s is larger than o s and o are about the same size s is better solvated than o s is less well solvated than o s is about as well solvated as o submitrequest answer
Answer:
The correct option is;
S is more nucleophiclic than O because S is larger than O therefore S is less well solvated than O
Explanation:
Here we have
As the size of atoms increases, the basicity increases and the nucleophilicity increases. Therefore since S is larger than O it is more nucleophilic than O.
Also we have smaller nucleophiles are more solvated than larger nucleophiles therefore S is less well solvated than O.
Which gives the correct answer as;
S is more nucleophiclic than O because S is larger than O therefore S is less well solvated than O.
A nucleophile is a molecule or ion that donates an electron pair to form a new covalent bond, while an electrophile accepts an electron pair to form a new covalent bond.
Explanation:A nucleophile is a molecule or ion that donates an electron pair to form a new covalent bond. An electrophile is a molecule or ion that accepts an electron pair to form a new covalent bond. Nucleophiles are typically more nucleophilic than electrophiles due to the presence of a lone pair of electrons. The nucleophilicity of a nucleophile can be influenced by factors such as electronegativity and steric hindrance.
For example, in a reaction between a nucleophile and an electrophile, the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic center, forming a new bond and displacing a leaving group. The nucleophile is usually a lone pair donor, such as an anion or a molecule with a lone pair of electrons, while the electrophile is typically an atom or molecule with a partially positive charge.
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Solutions of sodium sulfate and silver nitrate are mixed together.
On a piece of scratch paper write a fully balanced double-replacement equation for this reaction.
Using the chemical equation you wrote; which answer correctly identifies the precipitate (if there is one) and the net ionic equation for the reaction that formed the precipitate?
a
Precipitate: silver sulfate
Net Ionic: 2Ag+ + SO42- --> Ag2SO4
b
There is no precipitate for the reaction; all products are soluble.
c
Precipitate: sodium nitrate
Net Ionic: Na+ + NO3- --> NaNO3
d
Precipitate: sodium nitrate
Net Ionic: Na2+ + 2NO3- --> Na(NO3)2
e
Precipitate: silver sulfate
Net Ionic: Ag+ + SO42- --> AgSO4
Final answer:
The correct option is (a), which states that the precipitate formed when sodium sulfate and silver nitrate solutions are mixed is silver sulfate, and it provides the correct net ionic equation for this precipitation reaction.
Explanation:
When solutions of sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) are mixed together, a double-replacement reaction occurs. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
Na2SO4(aq) + 2AgNO3(aq) → Ag2SO4(s) + 2NaNO3(aq)
The precipitate formed in this reaction is silver sulfate (Ag2SO4). The net ionic equation for the formation of the precipitate is:
2Ag+(aq) + SO42-(aq) → Ag2SO4(s)
Answer (a) is the correct option, as it accurately identifies the precipitate and provides the correct net ionic equation for its formation.
If 455 J of heat is transferred to 25.0g of water at 45.0 degrees Celsius, what is the final temperature of the water?
Answer:49.3
Explanation:4.1j/g c * 25g * (t2-45c)=455j
T2-45c = 455j/4.1j/g c * 25g
455/104.6
45+4.3= 49.3 celsius
The final temperature of water if 455 J of heat is transferred to 25.0g of water at 45.0 degrees Celsius is 63.2°C.
How to calculate final temperature?The final temperature of water can be calculated using the following formula:
Q = m × c × ∆T
Where;
Q = quantity of heat absorbed or releasedm = mass of substancec = specific heat capacity∆T = change in temperatureAccording to this question, 455 J of heat is transferred to 25.0g of water at 45.0 degrees Celsius.
455 = 25 × (T - 45)
455 = 25T - 1125
25T = 1580
T = 63.2°C
Therefore, the final temperature of water if 455 J of heat is transferred to 25.0g of water at 45.0 degrees Celsius is 63.2°C.
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Please help me right now
If the surface area of a substance increases,the rate of dissolving will _____ ????
Answer:
decrease
Explanation:
If the surface area of a substance increases, the rate of dissolving will increase due to more frequent and effective collisions between the solvent molecules and solute particles.
This effect happens because dissolution is a surface phenomenon, where solvent molecules must collide with the outer surface of the solute. More surface area means more opportunities for these collisions. For instance, powdered CaCO₃ will react faster with HCI than a lump of CaCO₃ because the increased surface area allows more particles to be in contact with the acid, leading to more frequent collisions. Furthermore, an effervescent tablet will dissolve more rapidly when broken into smaller pieces since the available surface area for reaction is increased.
Additionally, the rate of dissolution is influenced by factors such as agitation and temperature. Stirring or shaking a solution can facilitate solute particles contact with solvent, thus increasing dissolution rate. Similarly, dissolving a substance in a warmer solvent can lead to faster dissolution due to increased molecule's kinetic energy.
How did medical advances help Europeans imperialize?
Answer:
Doctors began to use sterilized medical
instruments; European and American
hospitals developed a standard of
cleanliness.
Explanation:
Medical advancements were pivotal in allowing Europeans to sustain imperial control in tropical regions by preventing diseases that previously hindered colonization. Additionally, medical superiority was used to justify imperialism and perpetuate colonial domination, although it often led to health disparities favoring the colonial elite.
Medical advances played a critical role in facilitating European imperial expansion into regions such as Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. The improvements in healthcare and the ability to manage and prevent tropical diseases allowed European soldiers and administrators to survive in environments that were previously inhospitable due to diseases like malaria. The global homogenization of disease also meant that European powers brought infectious diseases to colonized areas, which often had devastating effects on the local populations.
Technology afforded Europeans with advanced weapons and transportation, but medical technology specifically enabled them to maintain their imperial presence overseas. This, along with ideologies like Social Darwinism, justified their actions and supported the spread of imperialism. It also resulted in the unequal improvement of healthcare systems in colonized regions, favoring the urban elite over the rural poor.
Moreover, European dominance in medicine was used to demonstrate their supposed superior science. While European medical practices sometimes improved health outcomes for colonized populations, they also exploited these populations for research and reinforced colonial domination. Infrastructure, such as railroads and irrigation canals, while beneficial for the imperial powers' economic interests, also contributed to the spread of disease. In some cases, the introduction of diseases by Europeans led to high mortality rates among indigenous peoples, weakening resistance to imperial control.
1 Copy and complete using the words below:
electrons, full, Group, lose, noble, unreactive
The elements in____ 0 of the Periodic Table are called the____gases. They are generally ____. because they have a____outer shell of electrons. So they do not need to gain____or share ___ with other atoms.
Answer:
The elements in__Group_ 0 of the Periodic Table are called the_noble__gases. They are generally __unreactive_. because they have a__full_outer shell of electrons. So they do not need to gain__lose_or share _electrons_ with other atoms.
A sample of hydrogen gas is placed in a 0.500 L container at 295K. The gas pressure is 1.442 bar. How many moles of H2 gas are in the container.
Answer:
0.0294
Explanation:
Which traits explain the differences between halogens and alkali metals? Select all that apply Question 5 options: Halogens are better oxidizing agents than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period. Halogens have a larger van der Waal's radii than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period. Halogens have a higher effective nuclear charge than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period. Halogens have a higher first ionization energy than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period. Halogens have a higher electron affinity than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period.
Answer:
Halogens are better oxidizing agents than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period
Halogens have a higher first ionization energy than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period.
Halogens have a higher electron affinity than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period.
Halogens have a higher effective nuclear charge than their alkali metal counterparts within the same period
Explanation:
Effective nuclear charge increases across a period and accounts for increase in ionization energy across a period. This explains why halogens in the same period with alkali metals have higher effective bucket charge as well as ionization energy than the alkali metals.
Similarly, electron affinity increased across a period, halogens have greater ekctron affinity than corresponding alkali metals in the same period.
How many molecules is 1.50 moles of CO2
Answer:
The answer to your question is 9.034 x 10²³ molecules
Explanation:
Data
number of molecules = ?
number of moles = 1.50
Process
To solve this problem, use Avogadro's number. This number relates 1 mol of a substance to 6.023 x 10²³ molecules.
1 mol of CO₂ --------------- 6.023 x 10 ²³ molecules
1.5 moles of CO₂ ---------- x
x = (1.5 x 6.023 x 10²³) / 1
x = 9.034 x 10²³ molecules
Draw the structure of the expected major organic product if this compound was to undergo monobromination with br2/febr3.
Answer:
Explanation:
Bromine comes in handy with reactivity of organic compounds such as alkenes and arenes( aromatic hydrocarbon). In arenes , it is an electrophilic substitutional reaction where bromine becomes the electrophile to form a substituted aromatic ring. The use of bromine in monobromination (i.e substitution of one bromine atom) is due to the higher electronegative effect in bromine which makes it to be a strong electrophile.
In the diagram; the left hand side shows the arene compound and the right hand side shows the major product after it has undergo monobromination with Br₂/FeBr₃.
Due to the small and highly electronegative nature of fluorine, the oxyacids of the this element are much less common and less stable than those of the other halogens. Bonding theory, however, does allow one to propose structures for these acids and use formal charges for the evaluation of these structures. For a molecule of fluorous acid, the atoms are arranged as HOFO. (Note: In this oxyacid, the placement of fluorine is an exception to the rule of putting the more electronegative atom in a terminal position.) What is the formal charge on each of the atoms?
Answer:
HOFO = (0, 0, +1, -1)
Explanation:
The formal charge (FC) can be calculated using the following equation:
[tex] FC = V - N - \frac{1}{2}B [/tex]
Where:
V: are the valence electrons
N: are the nonbonding electrons
B: are the bonding electrons
The arrange of the atoms in the oxyacid is:
H - O₁ - F - O₂
Hence, the formal charge (FC) on each of the atoms is:
H: FC = 1 - 0 - 1/2*(2) = 0
O₁: FC = 6 - 4 - 1/2*(4) = 0
F: FC = 7 - 4 - 1/2*(4) = +1
O₂: FC = 6 - 6 - 1/2*(2) = -1
We can see that the negative charge is in the oxygen instead of the most electronegative element, which is the F. This oxyacid is atypical.
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3) Tarnished silver contains Ag2S. The tarnish can be removed by placing silverware in an aluminum pan containing an inert electrolyte Such as NaCl. Explain the electrochemical principle for this procedure. The standard reduction potential for the half-cell reaction: Ag2S (s) + 2e- 2Ag (s) + S-2 (aq) is -0.71 V
Tarnished silver ware is cleaned by placing it in an aluminium pan as E°cell is positive.
Explanation:
The tarnish silver due to silver sulphate is removed by placing the tarnished ware in an aluminium pan. Certainly, aluminium is a stronger reducing agent than silver. Hence, it reduces the silver ions(Ag+) to metallic silver. The silvery white white colour will slowly get deposited on the walls of silwer ware and then the tarnish will be removed.
Al(s)+ 3Ag+ (aq)→ Al3+ (aq)+ 3Ag(s)
E° cell = E ° cathode - E° anode
= (-0.71)- (-1.66) = 0.95 V is positive.
Hence, the reaction is feasible and the tarnish will be removed.
The electrochemical principle behind the procedure is aluminum is a strong reducing agent.
What is an electrochemical reaction?
Electrochemical reaction is the reaction in which the electrons flow between a solid electrode.
The reaction is [tex]Ag^2S (s) + 2e- 2Ag (s) + S-2 (aq) is -0.71 V[/tex]
E° cell = E ° cathode - E° anode
(-0.71)- (-1.66) = 0.95 V is positive.
Thus, the electrochemical principle behind the procedure is aluminum is a strong reducing agent.
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At high concentrations, inorganic fluoride inhibits enolase. In an anaerobic system that is metabolizing glucose as a substrate, which of the following compounds would you expect to immediately increase in concentration following the addition of fluoride?
A. 2-phosphoglycerate.
B. Glucose.
C. 3-phosphoglycerate
D. Phosphoenolpyruvate
E. Pyruvate
Answer:
A. 2-phosphoglycerate
Explanation:
Glycolysis is the process of breakdown of glucose into two 3-carbon molecules called pyruvate. The energy released during glycolysis is used to make ATP.
Enolase is the enzyme which plays very important role in glycolysis. In the 9th step of glycolysis, Enolase converts 2-phosphoglycerate into phosphoenolpyruvate.
This reaction of conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate is a reversible dehydration reaction.
Fluoride inhibits enolase, so when enolase is become non-functional then there is no convertion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate, so the concentraion of 2-phosphoglycerate is increases by the addition of fluoride.
is 2 C4H10 + 13 O2 → 8 CO2 + 10 H2O a double replacement?
The reaction in question is a combustion reaction involving butane and oxygen, producing carbon dioxide and water; it is not a double replacement reaction.
Explanation:The equation 2 C4H10 + 13 O2 → 8 CO2 + 10 H2O represents a combustion reaction, not a double replacement reaction. In a double replacement reaction, two compounds exchange parts to form two new compounds. However, in the given reaction, butane (C4H10) reacts with oxygen (O2) in a combustion process to produce carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O), which is typical for hydrocarbons burning in an oxygen-rich environment.
For example, a double replacement reaction is demonstrated by the equation Ca(NO3)2 + KBr → CaBr2 + 2 KNO3, where the cations Ca^2+ and K+ switch places between the anions NO3^- and Br^-, forming two new compounds: calcium bromide and potassium nitrate.
Which of the units is NOT a measure of pressure ?
Answer:
Dynes
Explanation:
Dynes is not a unit of pressure. Dynes is CGS unit of force.
How many grams of MgBr2 are in 4.3x10^23 atoms of MgBr2??
Answer:
The answer to your question is 131.43 grams of MgBr₂
Explanation:
Data
number of grams = ?
number of atoms = 4.3 x 10²³
Molecule = MgBr₂
Process
1.- Calculate the molar mass of MgBr₂
MgBr₂ = 24.3 + (79.9 x 2) = 24.3 + 159.8 = 184.1 g
2.- Use proportions to calculate the number of atoms
184.1 g of MgBr₂ -------------- 6.023 x 10²³ atoms
x -------------- 4.3 x 10²³ atoms
x = (4.3 x 10²³ x 184.1) / 6.023 x 10²³
x = 7.92 x 10²⁵ / 6.023 x 10²³
x = 131.43 grams
During a volcanic eruption, large amounts of poisonous gases and particles are released into the atmosphere. How do some of these gases eventually reach the Earth's surface?
A) through rain
B) through wind
C) through lava
D) through trees
The gases eventually reach the Earth's surface through rain. Hence option A is correct.
What is volcanic eruption?Volcanic eruption is defined as when a volcano erupts, sometimes violently spewing lava and gas into the air. Volcanoes erupt with a powerfully destructive mixture of ash, lava, hot, toxic gases, and rock. Explosions from volcanoes have claimed lives. Volcanic eruptions can bring forth additional health risks such wildfires, floods, mudslides, electricity outages, and contaminated drinking water.
During a volcanic eruption, water vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), and sulfur dioxide make up 90% of the gas molecules released (SO2). The remaining one percent is made up of trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, and other small gas species.
Thus, the gases eventually reach the Earth's surface through rain. Hence option A is correct.
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a force of 20 N acts upon 5 kg block caculate the accerleration of the object
Answer:
[tex]\boxed{\text{4 m $\cdot$ s$^{-2}$}}[/tex]
Explanation:
F = ma
[tex]a = \dfrac{F}{m} = \dfrac{\text{20 N}}{\text{5 kg}} \times \dfrac{\text{1 kg$\cdot$ m $\cdot$ s$^{-2}$}}{\text{1 N}} = \text{4 m $\cdot$ s$^{-2}$}\\\\\text{The acceleration of the object is } \boxed{\textbf{4 m $\cdot$ s$^{\mathbf{-2}}$}}[/tex]
According to the following reaction, how many grams of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are needed to form 32.0 grams of oxygen gas?
Answer:
The answer to your question is 34 g of H₂O₂
Explanation:
Data
mass of H₂O₂ = ?
mass of O₂ = 32 g
Process
1.- Write the balanced chemical reaction
H₂O₂ ⇒ H₂ + O₂
2.- Calculate the molar mass of H₂O₂ and O₂
Molar mass H₂O₂ = (1 x 2) + (16 x 2) = 34 g
Molar mass of O₂ = 2 x 16 = 32 g
3.- Use proportions to calculate the mass of O₂
34g of H₂O₂ -------------- 32g of O₂
x -------------- 32g of O₂
x = (32 x 34) / 32
x = 34 g of H₂O₂
*multiple choice*
What is the molarity of a 45.3g sample of KNO3 (101g) dissolved in enough water to make a 0.225L solution?
a) 0.45
b) 2
c) option 3
d) none of the above
1.95 or 2 is the molarity of a 45.3g sample of KNO3 (101g) dissolved in enough water to make a 0.225L solution.
The correct answer is option b
Explanation:
Data given:
mass of KN[tex]O_{3}[/tex] = 45.3 grams
volume = 0.225 litre
molarity =?
atomic mass of KNO3 = 101 grams/mole
molarity is calculated by using the formula:
molarity = [tex]\frac{number of moles}{volume of the solution}[/tex]
first the number of moles present in the given mass is calculated as:
number of moles = [tex]\frac{mass}{atomic mass of 1 mole}[/tex]
number of moles = [tex]\frac{45.3}{101}[/tex]
0.44 moles of KNO3
Putting the values in the equation of molarity:
molarity = [tex]\frac{0.44}{0.225}[/tex]
molarity = 1.95
It can be taken as 2.
The molarity of the potassium nitrate solution is 2.