Jonathan's belief that his schoolmates are friendlier than those at another school illustrates in-group bias, where individuals view their own group more positively and others less favorably. Such views reinforce a sense of community within the group.
Jonathan's belief that students at his school are friendlier than those at Smith Valley High School illustrates an example of in-group bias. In-group bias is the tendency to favor one's own group. People often view members of their own group in a more positive light, while viewing outsiders or members of other groups less favorably. This can influence social categorization, leading individuals to emphasize positive aspects of their own group in comparison to others, thereby bolstering a sense of community within the group. In the scenario, Jonathan's sense of belonging to Cloverdale High School and his perception of his fellow students' friendliness reflect a shared identity and positive view of his in-group, contrasting with his perception of the students from Smith Valley High School. The extended-contact hypothesis suggests that direct contact or friendship with members of an out-group can reduce prejudice, implying that if Jonathan had friends at Smith Valley, he might be more accepting of students there.
Jemma wants to teach her son to say thank you. every time he says thank you, jemma praises him and gives him a hug. which reinforcement schedule is this?
In the question above, the reinforcement schedule is continuous reinforcement.
Continuous reinforcement is learning techniques that compel an individual or an animal to repeat a certain actions or behaviors.
From the question, jemma want to teach her son to say thank you and she need to let her son knows that she wanted him to continue such certain behavior. Every her son says thank you, jemma praises him and gives him a hug, jemma is using a continuous reinforcement to teach him. This is simply a technique of reinforcing a behavior whenever it occurs so as to create an association with the behavior and get a certain result.
However, reinforcement can be negative or positive.
Positive reinforcement is mainly a reward for a good behavior or a reward towards doing the right thing. While Negative reinforcement is a penalty for a bad behavior or penalty for doing something that doesn’t seem to be right.
The method of learning that deals with reinforcing behavior is operant conditioning. It is learning techniques which entail using reward or punishment to certain behavior. B.F skinner, a psychologist developed the theory of operant conditioning. In a case of operant conditioning, a person learns to understand a behavior that appears good or bad.
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continuous reinforcement operant conditioning learning techniques negative and positive reinforcementYun is a free-lance writer who has undertaken a writing project where two different editors tell her what to do. sometimes, these two editors tell her to make conflicting changes. this situation is in direct violation of which principle of organizing?
The answer is "Unity of command".
Unity of command is an exemplary guideline of administration that is utilized as a part of numerous various leveled associations, for example, the military, government organizations, and enterprises. Unity of command holds that a representative should just be responsible to one individual. The standard of Unity of command is a global concept varying from multinationals to small businesses.
People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forget what they went to retrieve when they reach their destination. as soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. this common experience best illustrates the principle of
The answer is encoding specificity principle of memory. This delivers a wide-ranging theoretical background for considering how related information touches memory. Exactly, the belief tells that memory is better when information obtainable at encoding is also obtainable at recovery.
If a civil rights leader in 1965 emphasized the Christian teachings of justice and equality for all mankind, you might deduce that the leader was a member of the _____.
How were the byzantine, islamic, and european economies similar? how did they differ? how did these economies interact?
Which activity cannot be done on a social networking site?
a. self-promotion
b. connecting with people
c. organizing events
d. blogging
The correct answer is "D"
Briefly outline karen horney's beliefs about personality formation and discuss the ways in which her theories agreed and disagreed with sigmund freuds. make sure to use the key terms associated with horneys theory in your response
Which is a pro-election of federal judges argument?
A. When judges are elected they can be biased by party politics.
B. When judges are elected there they can focus more time on reviewing law.
C. Judges are more accountable to the people and what they think is just when they are elected
''Judges are more accountable to the people and what they think is just when they are elected''. It is said to be the pro-election of federal judges argument.
Answer: Option C
Explanation:
A federal judge is appointed by the president and is appointed to the federal court. The primary work of these judges is to resolve matters and issues brought before the federal courts with the full and fair use of the constitution. They are also permitted to hear various criminal and civilian cases.
The judges are more accountable to the people than any other party or division of the government. What they think is just when they are elected. This is a pro-election argument of the federal judge.
As a gate creaks open, oscar the puppy notices a cat heading into his yard. the cat hisses and scratches oscar on the nose, causing oscar to yelp in pain. which outcome to this scenario portrays higher order conditioning?
a. now whenever oscar sees a cat, including the cat in his own home, he runs away.
b. now when oscar hears a gate creak, regardless of who is coming through it, he runs away.
c. now when oscar sees a cat or small dog coming toward him, he immediately begins to yelp in pain.
d. now when oscar sees the cat who scratched his nose he runs away, but he feels comfortable with the cat with whom he shares a home.
What types of anthropologists explore all aspects of living human culture—from war and violence to love, sexuality, and child rearing—and look at the meanings that people from all over the world place on these things?
Hyperstress is: stress that develops out of boredom and a daily lack of motivation stress from over-activity and over-responsibility worrying about money or basic needs anything that causes stress, introduced when something changes in a person's life
Toby is being seen in therapy as a suicide risk. he has said that he is enrolled in college but not attending classes, has disconnected with his family, and has stopped going to his part-time job. psychologists would term these conditions as a risk factor called
When used as evidence, what does an effective example do? a. it makes concrete ideas more figurative. b. it makes concrete ideas more abstract. c. it makes abstractions less didactic. d. it makes abstract ideas more concrete?
Answer:
They suggest that we should work hard every day.
Explanation:
They suggest that we should work hard every day.
Studying facial expressions is a good way to identify basic emotion
a. True
b. False
a. True. Research by Paul Ekman and others has shown that certain facial expressions are universally recognized and reliably indicate basic emotions such as happiness, anger, fear, and sadness. These expressions are consistent across cultures, making them a useful tool for identifying emotions.
True. Studying facial expressions is indeed a good way to identify basic emotions. Research by psychologists like Paul Ekman has shown that there are seven universally recognized emotions—anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise—that are exhibited through distinct, recognizable facial expressions. Ekman's studies, including his work in Papua New Guinea, supported the idea that despite cultural differences, these basic emotions are expressed and recognized similarly across different populations.
For instance, Ekman's Facial Action Coding System (FACS) details how specific facial muscles correlate with particular emotions. This system explains why a genuine smile involves both the muscles around the mouth and eyes, while a fake smile may only affect the mouth. Thus, facial expressions are integral for understanding and communicating human emotions.
Which factor keeps people from settling near the Rocky Mountains? dense forests frequent hurricanes heavy industry rugged terrain
Rugged Terrain is the correct answer :) hope this helps
A Type I statistical error occurs when a researcher claims that there is not enough support to establish significance for the research hypothesis, but in fact there is enough.
True or false?
Answer:
False.
Explanation:
If you reject the null hypothesis when it is true, you make a type I error. An example can help you understand this type of statistical error well:
A medical researcher wants to compare the effectiveness of two medications. The null and alternative hypotheses are:
Null hypothesis (H0): μ1 = μ2 (Both medications have the same efficacy).
Alternative hypothesis (H1): μ1 ≠ μ2 (The two medications do not have the same efficacy).
A type I error occurs if the researcher rejects the null hypothesis and concludes that the two medications are different when they are not.
By comparing the exact definition of Type I Error and the example shown with the statement presented in the question, we conclude that this statement is false, as it does not match the true concept of that type of error.
Type I error is also called false positive, which is the error that is incurred when the researcher rejects the so-called null hypothesis (that hypothesis that is created with the mission of rejecting and therefore supporting an alternative hypothesis), being in effect and on the contrary valid the same in the population studied.
Then, the statement is False.
Hope this helps!
Conducting an interview with a family member of the victim who was present at the crime scene would fall into the _________ investigation stage.
An interview with a victim's member of the family who was at the scene of the crime would come under the General Coverage investigation stage.
What is Crime?Crime is defined as the purposeful conduct of an act that is typically judged socially damaging or hazardous that is clearly defined, forbidden, and penalized under criminal law.
The General Coverage investigative process is a series of actions or procedures that include obtaining evidence, analyzing information, developing and validating theories, generating reasonable reasons to believe and eventually arresting and charging a defendant.
Therefore, it can be concluded that An interview with a victim's family member who was present at the crime scene would fall under the General Coverage investigative stage.
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In __________ reinforcement, the reinforcer follows every correct response.
In continuous reinforcement, the reinforcer follows every correct response.
Explanation:
The job of a reinforcer in a continuous reinforcement process is to reward every correct response in order to make the respondent understand what is the reinforcer suggesting.
Through continuous reinforcement, the respondent is made to understand what act of his is rewardable. The respondent, with the desire for the reward, continues to do what ultimately fetches him the reward from the reinforcer.
What type of economic system does Brazil have
A. free market
B. government controlled
C. free market with government controlled education and banks
D. free market with government controlled commodities
The answer is A. Market (Free)
I hope you get your exam good grade! :)
Why is the slow growth that can result from a contractionary policy a positive effect?
the slow growth that can result from a contractionary policy is a positive effect as it can decrease inflation.
If the economy is growing too fast and causing inflation, governments or central banks can slow it down by increasing interest rates and reducing the rate of the money supply. In other words, by implementing a contractionary policy.
Some students at a college form an intramural softball team. they play other teams from their school and from the area every sunday in a conveniently located park. if a sociologist wanted to determine whether the team was a primary group or a secondary group, what might she consider
She might consider "how essential is winning games".
Primary groups refer to those that are affectionate. They are regularly, little scale, incorporate close connections, and are normally durable. While Secondary groups are expansive groups, whose connections are generic and objective arranged. Individuals in a secondary group cooperate on a less individual level than in an primary group, and their connections are by and large transitory.
Answer:
The sociological should consider the importance of winning for the players.
Explanation:
Social groups differ in the degree of contact of their members. Primary groups are those in which members have more intimate, primary contacts. Examples: family, groups of friends, neighbors, etc.
Unlike the primary groups, the secondary groups are those in which the members have no such degree of proximity. Examples: churches, political parties, etc.
Members of a primary group are more likely to work in teams to achieve the same goal, but in secondary groups this teamwork is less observable, as members of that group are rarely likely to have the same goal. For this reason, in relation to the above question, we can say that if the sociologist wants to identify if the teams are primary or secondary groups he will have to observe the importance of winning for the players.
If the group really wants to win, the sociologist may conclude that this is a primary group, otherwise the secondary group.
What is the justification for harsh sentencing guidelines, like california's "three strikes" law?
Should girls be allowed to play on boys sports teams article
The __________ will view the offender more as a client rather than a supervisee on his or her caseload. these individuals believe that, ultimately, the best way they can enhance security and safety of the community is by reforming the offender.
Because jill is extremely extrovert, she frequently goes to parties where she is encouraged to laugh and socialized. because jim is extremely introverted, he frequently spends weekends in the library where it's easy to quietly reflect and study. jill and jim best illustrate what is meant by:
Jill and Jim best illustrate the reciprocal determination. This is considered as a theory that is being set forth by Bandura by which he states that the behavior of an individual is likely to influence both such as factors and social environment that the individual is associated in.
Several weeks of diagnostic tests have revealed that cancer has spread throughout barry's body. his physician suggested that he "take care of important matters." barry realizes his family's home needs repairs, so he arranges to have that done right away. to relieve his family of the agony of planning his funeral, he has made all the arrangements. barry tells his minister he has had a good life and just wants to make sure he provides for his family after his death. this description of barry's experience best reflects the stage that kübler-ross called ________.
The stage of Kubler Ross that Barry is in based on the description above is acceptance. This stage is where the individual accepted the path that he or she is going to be at or lead to by means of moving forward. It could be seen in the scenario above where Barry accepted the life that he has left and do the things that matters the most before his life ends.
Which federal agency imposes requirements that cigarette packages contain warning labels?
The federal agency that imposes and requires that cigarette packages should contain warning labels is Federal Trade Commission or FTC. It is an independent agency of the United States of America government founded in 1914. Its primary target is the promotion of consumer protection and the removal and stoppage of suppress competition in the business practices such as coercive monopoly.
which statement best completes the diagram related to the supreme courts procedures?
A.justices debate the importance of different cases.
B.congress determines which cases the supreme court will debate.
C.the chief justice identifies cases dealing with controversial laws.
D.the president selects cases for the supreme court to review.
(A.) Justices debate the importance of different cases.
A. The United States has moved from a system of dual federalism to
one of cooperative federalism.
The manner in which one can influence government is ________. ap gov quiz 3
When macduff receives the news of his family, malcolm urges him to?
William Shakespeare’s Macbeth is a famous tragedy, reportedly first performed in 1606. It sensationalizes the harming physical and mental impacts of political aspiration on the individuals who look for authority for its own purpose.
Fun Fact: A superstition, called the Scottish Curse, taking the name Macbeth inside a venue will cause debacle. A variety of the superstition likewise prohibits citing it inside a cinema aside from as a component of a real practice or execution of the play :)