Each term matches to a specific layer of Earth's interior: the lithosphere is the layer between the crust and the asthenosphere, the asthenosphere is the semi-solid layer beneath the lithosphere, the crust is Earth's outermost layer, the lower mantle surrounds the inner core, the upper mantle is between the asthenosphere and lower mantle, the outer core is the liquid layer responsible for Earth's magnetic field, and the inner core is the solid metallic center.
Explanation:The correct matches for each term to its description based on the structure of Earth's interior are as follows:
Lithosphere: the firm layer between the crust and the asthenosphere.Asthenosphere: the semi-solid layer between the top layer and the upper mantle.Crust: the Earth's outermost layer.Lower Mantle: the layer surrounding the inner core.Upper Mantle: the layer between the asthenosphere and lower mantle.Outer Core: the hottest part of the mantle.Inner Core: the metallic layer at the Earth's center.Note: The lithosphere is composed of both the crust and the portion of the upper mantle that behaves as a brittle, rigid solid, while the asthenosphere is the partially molten upper mantle material below it. The inner core is the dense, solid center of the Earth, and the outer core is the liquid layer that surrounds the inner core and is responsible for the Earth's magnetic field. The crust is the thin, outer surface layer, and the mantle is divided into the upper and lower mantle, based on depth.
Put Antarctica next to the explorer associated with it. Put Australia next to the explorer associated with it. Put New Zealand next to the explorer associated with it. Willem Janszoon Abel Tasman Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen James Cook Henryk Bull Roald Amundsen
Answer:
Australia: Willem Janszoon and James Cook were explorers of Australia.
New Zealand: Abel Tasman and James Cook explored New Zealand.
Antarctica: Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, Roald Amundsen and Henryk Bull explored Antarctica.
Answers:
New Zealand: Abel Tasman
Australia: Willem Janszoon, James Cook,
Antarctica: Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen, Henryk Bull,
Roald Amundsen
*James Cook is also known for making detailed maps of the Hawaiian Islands, Australia, and the first recorded circumnavigation of New Zealand.
However depending on what lesson you have he's usually put under Australia.
What process underneath the earth’s crust do scientists think causes the movement of earth’s plates?
Answer:
Convection currents.
Explanation:
This is caused by the huge temperature and density differences between plates. The hotter they get, the lighter they are and they rise. On the opposite, colder material is more dense, and therefore, it sinks.
In the deepest parts of the earth's mantle, heat is intense as its close to the core, there, great rock mass is heated, partially melted, and it starts to slowly rise to the surface, this creates an ascendent current. At the same time, near the litosfere, great amounts of cold rock and mass sink back to the mantle, creating a descendent current. This continuous and never ending process is what causes the plate movement.
Scientists who study rock formations in caves describe some of the formations as "living rock" because, under certain conditions, they increase in size. Which statement would best dispute the claim that these rock formations are living?(1) Rocks are not composed of cells, while living
organisms are.
(2) Rocks perform complex metabolic processes,
but cannot grow.
(3) Rocks cannot reproduce sexually.
(4) Rocks remain stable in a wide range of physical
conditions.
Answer:
1). Rocks are not composed of cells, while living organisms are.
Explanation:
Heating and cooling of the Rock by sun rays (weathering) , Conditions like this makes the rock to have a change in shape.
PLZ HURRY IT'S URGENT!!
What has been the impact of declining harvests and years of drought on African subsistence farmers?
A. Subsistence farmers refuse to change their traditional ways and do anything different from their forefathers.
B. Subsistence farmers continued to plant crops such as maize to make sure they can feed their family.
C. Subsistence farmers have begun to plant some drought resistant crops and break away from their traditional crops.
D. Subsistence farmers have turned to nomadic pastoralism in search of profits.
Answer:
c
Explanation:
Answer:
C. Subsistence farmers have begun to plant some drought resistant crops and break away from their traditional crops.
The major biological source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean comes from
Answer:
There are two sources of dissolve oxygen into water: the atmosphere as well as from the water plants.
Explanation:
There are two sources of dissolve oxygen into water: the atmosphere as well as from the water plants. Phytoplankton or any submerged plants are the main source of oxygen in a pond. These phytoplankton produce oxygen by process called as photosynthesis in the presence of solar energy and emit this oxygen into the pond
This dissolved oxygen originates from various places. a biological source containing organisms capable of photosynthesis, which produces oxygen as a byproduct.
Phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria like cyanobacteria make up a large majority of these creatures. The atmosphere and water plants are the two places where oxygen may dissolve into water. The primary source of oxygen in a pond is phytoplankton or any submerged vegetation.
In the presence of solar light, these phytoplankton make oxygen through a process called photosynthesis, and they release this oxygen into the pond.
Therefore, phytoplanktons are the major source of dissolved oxygen.
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Jupiter and Saturn, despite being considerably farther from us than the inner terrestrial planets,are very bright in our sky.Which of the following choices are possible explanations for this?
Choose one or more:
A. They are more reflective (higher albedo) than most of the terrestrial planets.
B. They are so hot that they emit blackbody radiation that peaks in the visible.
C. They are larger than the terrestrial planets.
D. Dust obscures our view of the inner planets more than the outer ones
E. Since they are closer to stars, more starlight is reflected off of them than the inner planets.
Answer:
The good answers here are:
A. They are more reflective (higher albedo) than most of the terrestrial planets.
C. They are larger than the terrestrial planets.
Explanation:
Light colored clouds found there have a better, reflective albedo. And both planets are so much bigger than Earth, they´re the biggest planets of our solar system. These are some factors of their brightness in our sky.
Which of the following statements about turbidity currents is true? Choose one: A. Turbidity currents and river erosion carve deep submarine canyons. B. They are found only on active continental margins. C. They leave deposits of graded beds called guyots. D. They are responsible for creating the continental shelf.
Answer:
Option A is correct.
Explanation:
Turbidity currents are created when sand and mud are loosened from the continental shelf by any geological disturbance such as an earthquake.
The current continues to quickly grow in size, as it picks up dirt, rocks and all sort of dirt and increasing its speed. Over time, these currents can alter the shape of the seafloor, creating large submarine canyons.
Answer: A B C
Explanation:
Which stadium features a number of parking garages that are usually less than half full on game day and may need to be torn down so that the land can be reused for hotels or other purposes?
Yankee stadium have features of a number of parking garages that are usually less than half full on game day and may need to be torn down so that the land can be reused for hotels or other purposes.
Explanation:
Normally on the day of the game, the parking lots of the stadium are full but the stadiums whose parking lots are not even half full even on the day of the game are known as the yanked stadiums.
Some stadiums even have the prospects of changing the use of land of the parking lot. The other prospects of using the lands of the parking lot are like making a hotel on that land or for any other purpose.
How would you characterize Japan's openness to other countries today?
A.Japan is more open than in the past and involved in regulated trade.
B.Japan is open to its current trade relationships but avoids new ones.
C.Japan is very open and involved in free trade.
D.Japan is not very open and restricts most trade.
Answer:
A.Japan is more open than in the past and involved in regulated trade.
Explanation:
The japan is a centralized and market-oriented economy and is the second-largest in the world and is highly efficient and competitive in the areas of the international trade and is less towards the result distribution and the services sectors.Lava is
a. always produced during any volcanic activity.
b. molten rock that cools and hardens on Earth's surface.
c. the most life-threatening volcanic product of any eruption.
d. all the same chemical composition, whether it is rhyolite or basalt
Answer: molten rock that cools and hardens on Earth's surface.
Explanation: Lava is liquid rock that are thrown to the Earth's surface by the action of a volcanic eruption. On cooling a Lava form an igneous rock. The Lava are found in the Earth's crust naturally but are thrown to the surface during a volcanic eruption. Lava has the ability to travel long distances during an Eruption.
Groundwater in underground, constricted fractures is heated past its normal boiling temperature by surrounding hot rocks. The superhot liquid expands in volume; this reduces its confining pressure, and it flashes into steam. This is an explanation of which geologic feature?
Choose one:
A. a geyser
B. a hot spring
C. a mud pot
D. an artesian spring
Answer:
answer a: a geyser
Explanation:
The superhot liquid expands in volume; this reduces its confining pressure, and it flashes into steam. This is an explanation of a geyser geologic feature. Thus, option A is correct.
What is a Groundwater?Water that is found in soil, geological, and especially rock formation fissures below the earth's crust is known as groundwater. This is generally treated as the water that will be viable for drinking the water.
Similar to how marine depth affects pressure, encircling pressure rises as distance increase. The immense load of the granite and water above the pool stops the pool from melting due to the increased pressure of geyser.
Because of the nearby hot rocks, the groundwater in underground, confined breaches is heated above its normal point of boiling. Therefore, option A is the correct option.
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Mass movement______________. A. is more likely to happen under dry conditions than under wet conditions.B. can't happen underwater because the buoyancy force of water is too great.C. happens only when the slope of a hill gets steeper than the angle of repose.D. is a gravity-driven downslope movement of natural materials.
Answer:
D. is a gravity-driven downslope movement of natural materials.
Explanation:
The mass wasting is defined as the slope movement or the downward movement of the debris or the rock wastes down the hill by the action of the geomorphic process like the soil, the sand and the regolith and may be continuous or discontinuous associated with the flow of the debris, mud and the rock slide or the flow. Based on the rock these are classified as Creep: which is long term movement and is a combination of the soil or the rocks, the steeper the slopes the faster is the fall. Landslides are associated with landslips and thus are more rapid and hence cause more destruction as the flow of material occurs along with the action of the gravity. They also include lahar and the earth flows.Studies of deep-sea sediment cores have contributed greatly to scientific knowledge of ________. the origin of oscillation ripple marks in deep-sea muds how soft-bodied organisms are carbonized the biological impacts of pollution on parts of the continental shelves climatic changes during the last four million years.
Answer:
climatic changes during the last four million years
The apparent brightness of a star remains constant at most time, except that at precise intervals of 173 hours, the star becomes dimmer for about 2 hours. The most likely explanation is that the star is __.
Answer:
The most likely explanation is that the star is a member of an eclipsing binary star system.
Explanation:
An eclipsing binary star system takes place when two stars which are close to each other move in an orbit in which sometimes, one star can hide the light behind the other.
There are two types of eclipses depending on the orientation of the orbit and the size of the stars: the totals or the annular ones. It may also be the case that the eclipses are partial.
Algol is the best known eclipsing binary star, and the first of this kind to be discovered. Its interval between eclipses is 173 hours (2.9 days).
When this type of eclipses happens, the brightest star provides 92% of the light of the system, while the eclipsed only contributes less than 8%, and there is a third star, which is not eclipsed.
Therefore, if there is any star that has been bright most of the time, and during certain time intervals it becomes dimmer, that star is being overshadowed.
If phosphorus concentrations were to suddenly increase in a marine ecosystem, which of the following would likely occur?
A) no change in the rate of primary productivity
B) increased primary productivity
C) decreased primary productivity
Answer:
C
Explanation:
decreased primary productivity due to dangerous amount of phosphorus
The collision-coalescence process generates big raindrops that sweep up smaller cloud droplets, thus growing bigger. Potentially, they grow so large that frictional drag from the surrounding air causes the raindrop to break apart into a larger number of smaller dropletsa. True.b. False.
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The collision coalescence theory states that the individual droplets end to sweep into the big droplets and these droplets are suspended in the air and will interact in the air by the colliding and bouncing off to form a larger water droplet. This term is used on the metrology and they occur when the air is too warm for the formation of the ice crystals. This a dominating process for the precipitation of the warmer regions and the temperature is about 15 °C as some cloud droplets become big enough they tend to fall down also since the bogger falls down more easily than the smaller ones. Factors that promote the collision and coalescence to take place is the thicker clouds, strong updrafts and the differences in the drop size.One measure for the value of the patch was given by the long-term contribution of a fragment to colonization events in the network. How do the properties of a landscape and the properties of a species affect the value of a patch? The value of the fragment depends ________.
_____ The value of the fragment depends on the properties of the landscape and the properties of the species
Which of the following lists the rocks in the order of increasing grain size and increasing grade of metamorphism? schist, slate, phyllite phyllite, slate, schist slate, schist, phyllite slate, phyllite, schist
Answer:
From lowest to highest grade,
Slate > Phyllite >Schist
Explanation:
The grade of metamorphism is usually studied in the metamorphic type of rocks where the rocks are formed due to the high pressure and temperature condition. These rocks are formed in a sequence from a lower grade to a higher grade. Here the low-grade rocks gradually change to more hard and resistant rock when subjected to extreme pressure-temperature conditions.
In the above, there are 3 metamorphic rock names gives, which can be arranged from a lower grade to higher grade. Slate is a low-grade metamorphic rock that changes into Phyllite, another medium-grained metamorphic rock. This Phyllite again alters to Schist under extreme pressure-temperature conditions.
The rocks slate, phyllite, and schist are listed in increasing order of grain size and metamorphic grade. Slate has the smallest grain size, followed by phyllite and then schist, which has the largest grain size. The grade of metamorphism also increases in the same order.
Explanation:The correct order of rocks in terms of increasing grain size and increasing grade of metamorphism is slate, phyllite, and schist.
Metamorphic rocks are formed when pre-existing rocks (also known as parent rocks) undergo changes due to physical or chemical conditions, such as heat, pressure, and chemical solutions. This process is known as metamorphism.
Slate is a fine-grained metamorphic rock that can be split into thin pieces along parallel layers. Due to its lower grade of metamorphism, it has the smallest grain size among the three.
Next, phyllite has undergone slight more metamorphism compared to slate, hence slightly larger grain size. Phyllite is a type of foliated metamorphic rock created from slate that is further metamorphosed so that very fine grained white mica achieves a preferred orientation.
Lastly, schist has the largest grain size and the highest grade of metamorphism among the three. Schist is a medium-grade metamorphic rock with medium to large, flat, sheet-like grains in a preferred orientation.
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A crystal of potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8) will produce a variety of weathering products after it is weathered. Which of the following is NOT a product that results from the weathering of potassium feldspar?
A) silica.
B) potassium ions.
C) clay minerals.
D) iron oxides.
Iron oxides are NOT a product of potassium feldspar weathering. Potassium feldspar weathers to form clay minerals, silica, and potassium ions, but not iron oxides, which are associated with the weathering of iron-containing minerals.
Explanation:The question asks which of the following is NOT a product that results from the weathering of potassium feldspar (KAlSi3O8): A) silica, B) potassium ions, C) clay minerals, D) iron oxides. The answer is D) iron oxides. When potassium feldspar is weathered, it reacts with water and carbon dioxide, resulting in the formation of clay minerals, potassium ions in solution, and silica, mostly in the form of H4SiO4. Iron oxides are not a direct weathering product of potassium feldspar but can be formed under specific conditions from other minerals or in different weathering processes.
Laurent's minerals like kaolinite are formed as a result of potassium feldspar weathering, alongside the release of potassium ions and silica in solution. The process, known as hydrolysis, fundamentally alters the mineral's structure into new forms, facilitating the creation of clay minerals from the silicate material originally present in feldspar. However, iron oxides, typically associated with the weathering of minerals containing iron, are not a result of weathering potassium feldspar, which lacks iron in its composition.
Based on what you learn about Jovian moons by watching the videos or reading the textbook, what types of evidence for recent or ongoing geological activity have been observed on one or more jovian moons?
Answer:
They have an active layer of volcanic crater, and have presence of the tidal heatings.
Explanation:
All the Jovian planets are considered as the gas giants and they have thick ice layers of rocks and these layers have lower temperatures than rocks and allow for the icy volcanism and tectonic activity at lower temperatures. Given the presence of the active crater on the LO, the moon has 400 plus volcanoes, along with more than 100 mountains. Europa has a young creator and tectonic young surface and subsurface oceans within 100 metes of depth. Callisto is heavily created mass of crater and has a thin atmosphere, with icy rocks.Jovian moons such as Io, Europa, and Enceladus show evidence of ongoing geological activity. This activity is often driven by the moons' gravitational interactions with Jupiter and Saturn, resulting in internal heating that fuels geological processes.
Explanation:Evidence for recent or ongoing geological activity on Jovian moons includes visible surface changes and unusual energy sources. Jupiter's moon Io, is a prime example, showcasing active volcanism facilitated by the internal heat generated by the moon's gravitational interaction with Jupiter, resulting in constant flexing and heating of its interior. Another significant example is Europa, also a moon of Jupiter, where the lack of impact craters implies a geologically young surface, while the observable cracks and ridges suggest continuous geological activity. Furthermore, Galileo's observations indicate the presence of a massive, sub-surface liquid water ocean on Europa. Lastly, Enceladus, a moon of Saturn, also displays geological activity likely influenced by Saturn's gravitational forces, similar to the tidal heating observed on Io and Europa.
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The igneous rock gabbro most likely formed from molten material that cooled. True or false
Answer:
True
Explanation:
Gabbro is an igneous rock which is formed by the gradual cooling of molten magma below the surface of the earth. It is an intrusive rock which means that its cooling and solidification was done below the surface of the earth. Gabbro should not be confused for basalt which has similar chemical compositions as gabbro. The only difference being that basalt has a smaller grain size which is as a result of its quick cooling and solidification process above the earth's surface (extrusive rock).
Anthropological research reveals that most ethnic groups and nations are recent historical creations, our connection to people within these groups is relatively new, and our shared traditions are recently invented. In addition, most members will never meet each other. This allows us to observe that most nations today are what?
a. imagined communities
b. genocidal
c. diasporas
d. ancient tribes
Answer:
a
Explanation:
Most nations today have little more in common than a collection of traditions that are often no more than a few thousands years old. Even in the case that they are older, the constant transformation of habits and practices and the great amount of intercultural exchange lends a great deal of superficiality to the idea of a nation.
Therefore, a nation is a relatively new imagined community that depends in large part on being sustained within the consciousness of each individual member.
Which five national parks are closest to california border with nevada
Answer:
Explanation:
The closest national parks are the following:
10. Devils Postpile National Monument
5. Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Park
2. Death Valley National Park
1. Yosemite National Park
7. Lassen Volcanic National Park
The five national parks closest to the California-Nevada border are Death Valley National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Yosemite National Park, Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks, and Lassen Volcanic National Park.
The five national parks closest to the California border with Nevada are:
Death Valley National Park (DVNP) - This park straddles the California-Nevada border.
Joshua Tree National Park (JTNP) - Located in southeastern California, it is relatively close to the Nevada border.
Yosemite National Park - In central California, it's further north but still accessible from Nevada.
Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks - These adjacent parks in the southern Sierra Nevada are also a drive away from the Nevada border.
Lassen Volcanic National Park - It's in northeastern California, although further from the Nevada border than the others listed.
Note: While this provides a general guide, exact proximity may vary depending on specific border crossing points and road accessibility. The significant areas of wilderness and parklands like Mojave Desert National Preserve and Anza-Borrego Desert State Park are additional large preserved areas, although not all classified as national parks.
Coastal California is famous for fog and smog (fog mixed with smoke). Why is the California coast foggy/smoggy, whereas Houston, Texas, which is at similar latitude, might get occasional smog from too many cars, but fog is relatively rare?
A) Warm air in Texas rises to make clouds and not fog, whereas in California cold water from the ocean mixes with warm water from the land to generate fog.B) The ocean is warm off the Texas coast, but a cold current running offshore California generates fog when the cold, moist air is drawn ashore by a sea breeze.C) Cold currents along the Texas coast inhibit fog, whereas the ocean is warm off California.D) There isn't really any fog; it is all just smog from too many
Because ocean is warm off the “Texas coast”, but a “cold current” running “offshore California” generates “fog” when the “cold”, “moist air” is drawn ashore by a “sea breeze”.
Option: B
Explanation:
Coastal California is famous for fog and smog as the Pacific Ocean participate in the frequency of fog by catering atmospheric moisture and with the help of its temperature. “The prevailing current” flows from the “northwest” along California coast and in the “North Pacific” its origin is cooled. For “condensation” of “moisture” from “vapor” into “cloud droplets”. Pacific Ocean is an important source of nuclei. As Houston and Texas cities lie at similar latitude and might get smog occasionally but fog is rare because “ocean” is “warm” off the “Texas coast”.
The thickness of ocean sediments that are close to a mid-ocean ridge is __________ the thickness of ocean sediments that are far from mid-ocean ridges.
A. more than,
B. less than
C.same as
Answer:
The answer is letter B, less than.
Explanation:
The thickness of ocean sediments that are close to a mid-ocean ridge is _less than_________ the thickness of ocean sediments that are far from mid-ocean ridges
Which south american countries does the tropic of capricorn pass through
Answer:
They are 4, Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Paraguay.
Explanation:
The tropic of Capricorn is an imaginary line is placed 23.5 degrees south of the Equator.
This is the zone where the sun is highest during the winter solstice, it was named around 2000 years ago by the Greeks. The word "troops", which means turn, because the sun seems to turn around in the opposite direction after every solstice.
Which state refused to send anyone to philadelphia for the convention?
Answer:
Rhode Island
Explanation:
Incidentally, Rhode Island, while now the smallest state geographically in the Nation, was much more important in colonial times. It was coincidentally the last state to ratify the Constitution.
The Constitutional Convention, as it was also known, was held to address the multiple problems that the fledgeling United States government faced under the current Articles of Confederation. Even the delegates who supported the Articles were able to come to a general agreement on the necessity for deeper changes that ultimately led to a new constitution.
Final answer:
Rhode Island was the only state that did not send delegates to the Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia, where the U.S. Constitution was drafted to replace the Articles of Confederation.
Explanation:
In the historical event leading to the formation of the United States Constitution, Rhode Island was the only state that did not send any delegates to the Constitutional Convention held in Philadelphia. The convention, which began on May 25, 1787, was to revise the Articles of Confederation. However, due to various concerns and distrust in a centralized government, Rhode Island abstained from participating in the proceedings that ultimately led to the creation of a new framework of government for the United States.
Despite the absence of some prominent figures such as Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, and the refusal of Rhode Island to send any representatives, the convention continued with delegates from other states. They convened at Independence Hall in Philadelphia, a site of great historical significance as the place where the Declaration of Independence was previously drafted.
The Constitutional Convention in Philadelphia was a pivotal moment in American history. It brought together a collection of influential figures who, after four months of deliberations, emerged with a document that laid out a completely new plan of government, marking the end of the Articles of Confederation and the establishment of the Constitution of the United States.
What mountain range is between the black and caspian seas
Answer:
Caucasus Mountain Range or Caucasus Mountains is between the black and caspian seas.
Explanation:
This mountain is a great barrier that extends for 750 miles and its tops exceed 4500 meters. It is located between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea.
It has two mountain ranges: the Great Caucasus, which is the largest mountain range and extends for 1200 km, and the Lesser Caucasus which is 600 km long.
This great mountain range was created by the clash between the Arab plate and the Eurasian plate approximately 28 million years ago. Due to the constant movement of plates, it is a region prone to continuous strong earthquakes although it does not have volcanic activity despite the existence of some stratovolcanoes.
The key to identifying a black hole candidate in a binary system is that a. one of the two stars cannot be seen. b. the unseen star is a contact binary. c. the visible companion must be an evolving main sequence or giant star. d. the system must be a very strong source of radio emissions.
Which of the following applies to the basic constituents of halite, gypsum, and sylvite?
A. transported as dissolved ions;
B. deposited as detrital mud transported as detrital mud;
C. deposited by evaporation transported and deposited as mud-sized particles transported as dissolved ions;
D. deposited by evaporation
Answer:
A. transported as dissolved ions
Explanation:
Answer:
A. transported as dissolved ions;
Explanation: